% file: psnfss2e.tex as of 2002-04-24
%
% Copyright 2000--2002 Walter Schmidt
%
%  This file may be distributed and/or modified under the
%  conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.2
%  of this license or (at your option) any later version.
%  The latest version of this license is in
%    http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
%  and version 1.2 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
%  version 1999/12/01 or later.

\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]

\documentclass[11pt]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
\DeleteShortVerb{\|}

% Make sure to provide a configuration file ltxguide.cfg
% to set your preferred paper size and page layout.
% The .cfg file should, however, not change the font usage!

\usepackage{mathptmx,courier}
\usepackage[scaled=0.92]{helvet}
\normalfont
\usepackage{pifont,tabularx,varioref,url}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{textcomp}

\usepackage[colorlinks=false, pdfborder={0 0 0}]{hyperref}

% some dirty hacks to make the ltxguide class look better:
\makeatletter
\renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
{-3.5ex \@plus -.75ex}%
{1ex}%
{\normalfont\Large\bfseries}}
\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
{-2.5ex plus -.5ex}%
{.75ex}%
{\normalfont\large\bfseries}}
\renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
{-2.5ex plus -.5ex}%
{.5ex}%
{\normalsize\bfseries}}
\setlength{\parskip}{1ex plus 2pt minus 1pt \relax}
% borrowed from tdsguide.cls:
\labelsep=1.1em         % increase distance between item & text
\topsep=0pt             % no extra skip above list in paragraph
\partopsep=0pt          % no extra skip above list starting par.
\itemsep=0pt            % no extra space between items
\parsep=.9\parskip      % between paragraphs in items
\def\@listI{%
    \leftmargin\leftmargini
    }
\let\@listi\@listI
\@listi
\def\@listii{%
    \leftmargin\leftmarginii
    \labelwidth\leftmarginii  \advance \labelwidth-\labelsep
    }
\def\@listiii{%
    \leftmargin\leftmarginiii
    \labelwidth\leftmarginiii  \advance \labelwidth-\labelsep
    }
\makeatother

% the (La)TeX logos for use with Times:
\def\ptmTeX{T\kern-.1667em\lower.5ex\hbox{E}\kern-.075emX\@}
\makeatletter
\DeclareRobustCommand{\ptmLaTeX}{L\kern-.25em
        {\setbox0\hbox{T}%
         \vbox to\ht0{\hbox{%
                            \csname S@\f@size\endcsname
                            \fontsize\sf@size\z@
                            \math@fontsfalse\selectfont
                            A}%
                      \vss}%
        }%
        \kern-.10em
        \TeX}
\makeatother
\let\TeX=\ptmTeX
\let\LaTeX=\ptmLaTeX

% a bit of logical markup:
\newcommand{\ps}{PostScript}
\newcommand{\Lpack}[1]{\textsf{#1}}

% the macros for the typeface samples:
\newlength{\rightwidth} 
  \rightwidth=10.0cm
\newlength{\leftwidth}
  \leftwidth=\textwidth
  \addtolength{\leftwidth}{-\rightwidth}
  \addtolength{\leftwidth}{-1em} % ?
\newcommand{\sample}[5]{%
  \parbox[t]{\leftwidth}{%
    {\raggedright\footnotesize
    #1\\
    #3/#4\par}}
  \hfill
  \parbox[t]{\rightwidth}{
  {\fontfamily{#2}\fontsize{#3}{#4}\selectfont #5
  The sun was just rising as Dr.\ Robert entered his wife's room.
  An orange glow, and against it the jagged silhouette of the mountains.
  Then suddenly a dazzling sickle of incandescence between two peaks.
  The sickle became a half circle and the first long shadows,
  the first shafts of golden light crossed the garden outside the window.
  And when one looked up again at the mountains there was the whole
  unbearable glory of the risen sun.
  \par}}
  \par  
  \medskip}


\title{Using common \ps\ fonts with \LaTeX}

\author{Walter Schmidt}

\date{%
  This document refers to\\
  PSNFSS version 9.0 as of 2002-04-24
}

\hypersetup{pdfauthor={Walter Schmidt},
            pdftitle={Using common PostScript fonts with LaTeX},
            pdfsubject={PSNFSS v9.0},
            pdfkeywords={LaTeX PSNFSS PostScript fonts}}


\begin{document}
\MakeShortVerb{\+}

\maketitle

\tableofcontents
%\pagebreak


\section{What is PSNFSS\,?}

The PSNFSS collection includes a set of files
that provide a complete working setup of the \LaTeX{} font selection scheme
(NFSS2) for use with common \ps\ fonts.  The basic distribution,
which should be part of any useful \LaTeX{} installation,
covers the so-called `Base~35' fonts
(which are built into any Level~2 \ps\ printing device 
and the Ghostscript interpreter)
and the free Utopia, Charter and Pazo fonts.


\section{Package overview}

The easiest way to make use of the above-mentioned typefaces is to completely
replace one or more of the font families used by \LaTeX{} as 
`roman', `sans serif' and `typewriter' family and for math.
This is accomplished by the packages listed in table \ref{tab:packages}.  
Its first row lists the default (Computer Modern) font families.
An empty column indicates that a package does not change the particular 
font family.

The PSNFSS distribution includes also a package 
\Lpack{pifont}, which serves for accessing symbol fonts (aka `Pi~fonts'),
such as Symbol and Zapf Dingbats, see section~\ref{sec:pifont}.


\begin{table}[h!]
\caption{Packages for using common \ps\ fonts}
\label{tab:packages}
\medskip
{\footnotesize
\begin{center}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}
\begin{tabular}{|l|p{1.8cm}p{2.2cm}p{2.4cm}p{2.2cm}|}
\hline
\textbf{package} & \textbf{roman}  & \textbf{sans serif} & \textbf{typewriter} & \textbf{formulas} \\\hline\hline
(none)           & CM Roman        & CM Sans Serif       & CM Typewriter       & $\approx$ CM Roman\\\hline
\Lpack{mathptmx} & Times  
                 &
                 &
                 & $\approx$ Times\\\hline
\Lpack{mathpazo} & Palatino 
                 &
                 &
                 & $\approx$ Palatino\\\hline
\Lpack{helvet}   & 
                 & Helvetica
                 &
                 & \\\hline
\Lpack{avant}    & 
                 & Avant~Garde
                 &
                 & \\\hline
\Lpack{courier}  &
                 &
                 & Courier 
                 & \\\hline
\Lpack{chancery} & Zapf Chancery
                 & 
                 & 
                 & \\\hline
\Lpack{bookman}  & Bookman
                 & Avant~Garde
                 & Courier
                 & \\\hline
\Lpack{newcent}  & New Century Schoolbook
                 & Avant~Garde
                 & Courier
                 & \\\hline
\Lpack{utopia}   & Utopia
                 &
                 &
                 & \\\hline
\Lpack{charter}  & Charter
                 & 
                 & 
                 & \\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
}
\end{table}



\section{Special considerations}

\subsection{Inter-line spacing}
With certain font families, the leading of the standard \LaTeX{} 
document classes may be too small.  
This results from the larger x-height of these fonts, as compared with 
Computer Modern.
Since it is a question of document design and line width,
the packages of the PSNFSS bundle do \emph{not} take care of this.  
Issuing the command 
\begin{quote}
  +\linespread+ \arg{factor}
\end{quote}
in the preamble will globally enlarge the leading by the given factor.


\subsection{Using sans serif fonts}
The packages \Lpack{helvet} and \Lpack{avant} do not change the 
default text font family from `roman'.
If required, the additional command
\begin{quote}
  +\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}+
\end{quote}
makes \LaTeX{} use the sans serif font family (Helvetica or Avant~Garde)
as the default one.


\subsection{Output font encoding}
None of the packages listed in table~\ref{tab:packages} changes the
output font encoding from its default setting OT1.
It is, however, recommended to use the fonts in the extended 
T1 and TS1 (text symbols) encodings through the commands:
\begin{quote}
  +\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}+\\
  +\usepackage{textcomp}+
\end{quote}
When using \ps\ fonts that  come from `outside the \TeX{} world',
there is no reason at all to stay with the obsolete OT1~encoding, 
which would not provide access to all available glyphs.
However, since these fonts were not particularly designed 
for use with \TeX{}, they do \emph{not} include all of the 
text companion (TS1) symbols.


\subsection{Euro support}
\NEWfeature{2002-04-10 v9.0}
From PSNFSS version\ 9 on, the Palatino font family provides
a built-in Euro symbol, which can be reached throgh the +\texteuro+
command.  This requires the \Lpack{textcomp} package, see above.

The other Base35 fonts and the free versions of the Utopia and Charter 
fonts do, however, \emph{not} include the Euro symbol.  If required,
the Euro needs to be taken from an extra symbol font.


\section{The package \Lpack{helvet}}
\label{sec:helvet}
Helvetica is actually somewhat larger than other typefaces
of the same nominal size.  
As a result, mixing, \eg Times and Helvetica within running text
may look bad.  This can be fixed by loading the \Lpack{helvet}
package with the option
\texttt{[scaled=}\m{scale}\texttt{]},
e.g.:
\begin{quote}
  +\usepackage[scaled=.92]{helvet}+
\end{quote}
This will load the font family \texttt{phv} (Helvetica) for sans-serif,
scaled down to 92\% of its `natural' size, which is suitable
for use with Adobe Times.
The \m{scale} can be omitted:
\begin{quote}
  +\usepackage[scaled]{helvet}+
\end{quote}
A default scaling of 0.95 will be assumed then, which makes the
height of the Helvetica capital letters comply with most other typeface
families.



\section{The package \Lpack{mathptmx}}
Loading this package changes the default roman font family 
to Times, and the virtual `mathptmx' fonts will be used 
for math.  

These virtual fonts are made up basically from Times Italic, with the
missing math symbols coming from CM, RSFS (for +\mathcal+) and 
Adobe~Symbol.  

\subsection{Package options}
\begin{decl}
  +[slantedGreek]+
\end{decl}
\NEWfeature{2001-06-04 v8.2}
When the package is loaded with this option,
uppercase Greek letters in math will be slanted by default.

\subsection{New commands}
\begin{decl}
  +\upDelta+\\
  +\upOmega+
\end{decl}

Regardless of the \texttt{slantedGreek} option,
these commands will always print an upright $\Delta$ and $\Omega$.

\subsection{Font size of the `large' math symbols}
With \Lpack{mathptmx}, the `large' math symbols are automatically scaled 
to fit the base font size.  In contrast to standard \LaTeX{} you need not 
load the package \Lpack{exscale} for this purpose!


\subsection{Known bugs and deficiencies}
\begin{itemize}
  \item There are no bold math fonts, and +\boldmath+ is not supported.
  \item The following symbols are either missing or unusable:\\
   +\emptyset+, +\jmath+, +\coprod+, +\amalg+.
\end{itemize}



\section{The package \Lpack{mathpazo}}
Loading \NEWfeature{2001-06-04 v8.2}
this package changes the default roman font family 
to Adobe Palatino, and the virtual `mathpazo' fonts will be used 
for math.

These virtual fonts are made up basically from Palatino Italic, with the
missing math symbols coming from the CM and Pazo math fonts.

\subsection{Package options}

\begin{decl}
  +[slantedGreek]+
\end{decl}
When the package is loaded with the +[slantedGreek]+ option,
uppercase Greek letters in math will be slanted by default.

\begin{decl}
  +[noBBpl]+
\end{decl}
This option disables the use of the Pazo fonts as a partial
+\mathbb+ alphabet -- see below.  This option is to be specified,
if you want to use a different `blackboard bold' font.

\begin{decl}
  +[sc]+\\
  +[osf]+
\end{decl}
By default, the package \Lpack{mathpazo} uses
the typeface family +ppl+ as the roman text font family.
The option +[sc]+ selects +pplx+ instead, i.e.\ Palatino with
true smallcaps.  Correspondingly, the option +[osf]+ selects
+pplj+, i.e.\ Palatino with smallcaps and default oldstyle figures.  
(Of course, oldstyle figures will only be used in text mode, not in formulas.)
Note that the option +[sc]+ was not yet available with version~1.x
of the package.

With version~1.x of the package, equation numbers were always typeset
using lining figures, unless another option +[osfeqnnum]+ was specified
in addition to +[osf]+.  Now the style of the equation numbering 
always follows the other numbers in text, and the option +[osfeqnnum]+
is simply ignored.

\textbf{Caution:}
The Palatino Type~1 fonts with smallcaps and oldstyle figures are solely commercial, 
and they are \textbf{not} part of the Base~35 fonts.
% The  +fd+, +tfm+ and +vf+ files of the +pplx+ and +pplj+ families
% are \textbf{not} part of the PSNFSS distribution; they can, for instance, 
% be obtained from \path{http://home.vr-web.de/was/fonts}.

\subsection{New commands}

\begin{decl}
  +\upDelta+\\
  +\upOmega+
\end{decl}
Regardless of the \texttt{slantedGreek} option,
these commands will always print an upright $\Delta$ and $\Omega$.

\begin{decl}
  +\mathbold+\\
  +\mathbb+
\end{decl}
+\mathbold+ is a math alphabet for typesetting variables (incl.\ Greek)
in a {\bfseries\itshape bold italic} style.  Do not mix this up with +\mathbf+, 
which selects a {\bfseries\upshape bold upright} text font
for use in math!

+\mathbb+ is a `blackboard bold' alphabet, whose characters
are taken from the Pazo fonts.  \NEWfeature{2002-04-10 v9.0} 
All upper case letters and the numeral `1' are available.  
If you want to use a different, external, doublestroke alphabet, 
this command must be disabled by specifying the option +[noBBppl]+, 
see above.

\iffalse
\begin{decl}
  +\ppleuro+
\end{decl}
The command +\ppleuro+ typesets the Euro
symbol in a way that suits Palatino using the appropriate glyphs
from the Pazo Math font family.  It is compatible with both the
\Lpack{eurofont} and \Lpack{europs} packages, and one can continue to use either
one of these packages, using the +\euro+ command from the
\Lpack{eurofont} package or the +\EUR+ command from the \Lpack{europs} package.
\fi


\subsection{Font size of the `large' math symbols}
With \Lpack{mathpazo}, the `large' math symbols are automatically 
scaled to fit the base font size.  
In contrast to standard \LaTeX{} you need not 
load the package \Lpack{exscale} for this purpose!



\section{The package \Lpack{pifont}}
\label{sec:pifont}

Using symbol fonts is supported through the 
\Lpack{pifont} package, providing commands for using the Zapf Dingbats font,
as well as an interface to other families.\footnote{%
This section was adopted, with minor changes, 
from \cite{companion}, chapter~11.9.3 and 11.9.4.}

\subsection{Commands for using Zapf Dingbats}

\begin{decl}
  +\ding+ \arg{number}
\end{decl}

A given character can be chosen via the +\ding+ command.
Its parameter is an integer that specifies the character to be 
typeset.  For example, +\ding{38}+ gives \ding{38}; 
see table~\vref{tab:dingbats}.

\begin{decl}
  +\begin{dinglist}+ \arg{number}\\
  +\begin{dingautolist}+ \arg{number}
\end{decl}

The +dinglist+ environment is a special itemized list.
The argument specifies the number of the character to be used
as the beginning of each item.  For example,
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{dinglist}{43}
  \item The first item in the list
  \item The second item in the list
  \item The third item in the list
\end{dinglist}
\end{verbatim}
prints
\begin{dinglist}{43}
  \item The first item in the list
  \item The second item in the list
  \item The third item in the list
\end{dinglist}

There also exists an environment +dingautolist+, which
allows you to build an enumerated list with a set of Zapf Dingbats
characters.  In this case, the argument specifies the number
of the first character in the list.  Subsequent items will be numbered
with the character following the previous one.  E.g.,
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{dingautolist}{192}
  \item The first item
  \item The second item
  \item The third item
\end{dingautolist}
\end{verbatim}
prints
\begin{dingautolist}{192}
  \item The first item
  \item The second item
  \item The third item
\end{dingautolist}

\begin{decl}
  +\dingfill+ \arg{number}\\
  +\dingline+ \arg{number}
\end{decl}

+\dingfill+ acts like the other filling commands in \TeX, but
fills the space with a chosen symbol \dingfill{224} like that.

+\dingline+ generates a freestanding line filled with the given symbol,
with a little space on the left and right:
\dingline{34}

\begin{table}[bt!]
  \caption{The characters in the \ps{} font Zapf Dingbats}
  \label{tab:dingbats}
  \medskip
  
{\footnotesize
\begin{tabular}{|rr|rr|rr|rr|rr|rr|rr|rr|}
\hline
32 &  \ding{32} & 33 &  \ding{33} & 34 &  \ding{34} & 35 &  \ding{35} & 36 &  \ding{36} & 37 &  \ding{37} & 38 &  \ding{38} & 39 &  \ding{39}  \\ \hline
40 &  \ding{40} & 41 &  \ding{41} & 42 &  \ding{42} & 43 &  \ding{43} & 44 &  \ding{44} & 45 &  \ding{45} & 46 &  \ding{46} & 47 &  \ding{47}  \\ \hline
48 &  \ding{48} & 49 &  \ding{49} & 50 &  \ding{50} & 51 &  \ding{51} & 52 &  \ding{52} & 53 &  \ding{53} & 54 &  \ding{54} & 55 &  \ding{55}  \\ \hline
56 &  \ding{56} & 57 &  \ding{57} & 58 &  \ding{58} & 59 &  \ding{59} & 60 &  \ding{60} & 61 &  \ding{61} & 62 &  \ding{62} & 63 &  \ding{63}  \\ \hline
64 &  \ding{64} & 65 &  \ding{65} & 66 &  \ding{66} & 67 &  \ding{67} & 68 &  \ding{68} & 69 &  \ding{69} & 70 &  \ding{70} & 71 &  \ding{71}  \\ \hline
72 &  \ding{72} & 73 &  \ding{73} & 74 &  \ding{74} & 75 &  \ding{75} & 76 &  \ding{76} & 77 &  \ding{77} & 78 &  \ding{78} & 79 &  \ding{79}  \\ \hline
80 &  \ding{80} & 81 &  \ding{81} & 82 &  \ding{82} & 83 &  \ding{83} & 84 &  \ding{84} & 85 &  \ding{85} & 86 &  \ding{86} & 87 &  \ding{87}  \\ \hline
88 &  \ding{88} & 89 &  \ding{89} & 90 &  \ding{90} & 91 &  \ding{91} & 92 &  \ding{92} & 93 &  \ding{93} & 94 &  \ding{94} & 95 &  \ding{95}  \\ \hline
96 &  \ding{96} & 97 &  \ding{97} & 98 &  \ding{98} & 99 &  \ding{99} & 100 &  \ding{100} & 101 &  \ding{101} & 102 &  \ding{102} & 103 &  \ding{103}  \\ \hline
104 &  \ding{104} & 105 &  \ding{105} & 106 &  \ding{106} & 107 &  \ding{107} & 108 &  \ding{108} & 109 &  \ding{109} & 110 &  \ding{110} & 111 &  \ding{111}  \\ \hline
112 &  \ding{112} & 113 &  \ding{113} & 114 &  \ding{114} & 115 &  \ding{115} & 116 &  \ding{116} & 117 &  \ding{117} & 118 &  \ding{118} & 119 &  \ding{119}  \\ \hline
120 &  \ding{120} & 121 &  \ding{121} & 122 &  \ding{122} & 123 &  \ding{123} & 124 &  \ding{124} & 125 &  \ding{125} & 126 &  \ding{126} &     &              \\ \hline
    &             & 161 &  \ding{161} & 162 &  \ding{162} & 163 &  \ding{163} & 164 &  \ding{164} & 165 &  \ding{165} & 166 &  \ding{166} & 167 &  \ding{167}  \\ \hline
168 &  \ding{168} & 169 &  \ding{169} & 170 &  \ding{170} & 171 &  \ding{171} & 172 &  \ding{172} & 173 &  \ding{173} & 174 &  \ding{174} & 175 &  \ding{175}  \\ \hline
176 &  \ding{176} & 177 &  \ding{177} & 178 &  \ding{178} & 179 &  \ding{179} & 180 &  \ding{180} & 181 &  \ding{181} & 182 &  \ding{182} & 183 &  \ding{183}  \\ \hline
184 &  \ding{184} & 185 &  \ding{185} & 186 &  \ding{186} & 187 &  \ding{187} & 188 &  \ding{188} & 189 &  \ding{189} & 190 &  \ding{190} & 191 &  \ding{191}  \\ \hline
192 &  \ding{192} & 193 &  \ding{193} & 194 &  \ding{194} & 195 &  \ding{195} & 196 &  \ding{196} & 197 &  \ding{197} & 198 &  \ding{198} & 199 &  \ding{199}  \\ \hline
200 &  \ding{200} & 201 &  \ding{201} & 202 &  \ding{202} & 203 &  \ding{203} & 204 &  \ding{204} & 205 &  \ding{205} & 206 &  \ding{206} & 207 &  \ding{207}  \\ \hline
208 &  \ding{208} & 209 &  \ding{209} & 210 &  \ding{210} & 211 &  \ding{211} & 212 &  \ding{212} & 213 &  \ding{213} & 214 &  \ding{214} & 215 &  \ding{215}  \\ \hline
216 &  \ding{216} & 217 &  \ding{217} & 218 &  \ding{218} & 219 &  \ding{219} & 220 &  \ding{220} & 221 &  \ding{221} & 222 &  \ding{222} & 223 &  \ding{223}  \\ \hline
224 &  \ding{224} & 225 &  \ding{225} & 226 &  \ding{226} & 227 &  \ding{227} & 228 &  \ding{228} & 229 &  \ding{229} & 230 &  \ding{230} & 231 &  \ding{231}  \\ \hline
232 &  \ding{232} & 233 &  \ding{233} & 234 &  \ding{234} & 235 &  \ding{235} & 236 &  \ding{236} & 237 &  \ding{237} & 238 &  \ding{238} & 239 &  \ding{239}  \\ \hline
    &             & 241 &  \ding{241} & 242 &  \ding{242} & 243 &  \ding{243} & 244 &  \ding{244} & 245 &  \ding{245} & 246 &  \ding{246} & 247 &  \ding{247}  \\ \hline
248 &  \ding{248} & 249 &  \ding{249} & 250 &  \ding{250} & 251 &  \ding{251} & 252 &  \ding{252} & 253 &  \ding{253} & 254 &  \ding{254} &     &              \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\par}

\end{table}


\subsection{Generic commands}
The \Lpack{pifont} package has a general mechanism for coping with
Pi fonts. It provides the following generic commands with, in each case,
the first argument \m{family} specifying the name of the
Pi font family in question (such as \texttt{psy} for the Symbol font,
and \texttt{pzd} for the Zapf Dingbats font, see table~\vref{tab:families}).
If indicated, a second argument \m{number}
specifies the decimal position of a symbol in that font.

\begin{decl}
  +\Pifont+ \arg{family}
\end{decl}

This switches to the font family \m{family}
and the encoding U.

\begin{decl}
  +\Pisymbol+ \arg{family} \arg{number}
\end{decl}

This command typesets the specified symbol
(compare this with the +\ding+ command).

\begin{decl}
  +\begin{Pilist}+ \arg{family} \arg{number}\\
  +\begin{Piautolist}+ \arg{family} \arg{number}
\end{decl}

In the +Pilist+ environment the specified symbol is used in front
of each item in an itemized list (compare with the +dinglist+
environment).

+Piautolist+ is an environment where a series of symbols starting
with the one at the decimal position \m{number} in font family
\m{family} is used to number the items in an enumerated list
(compare with the +dingautolist+ environment).

\begin{decl}
  +\Pifill+ \arg{family} \arg{number}\\
  +\Piline+ \arg{family} \arg{number}
\end{decl}

+\Pifill+ acts like the other filling commands in \TeX, but
fills the space with a chosen symbol (compare with +\dingfill+).

+\Piline+ typesets a line consisting of several copies of
the specified symbol, with some space at the left and right
(compare with +\dingline+).



\section{NFSS classification}
Table~\vref{tab:families} lists all text and symbol font shapes 
and the related \ps\ fonts that are
supported through the basic PSNFSS distribution.  
Available encodings are OT1, T1, TS1 and 8r, except for 
Symbol and Zapf~Dingbats, which are implemented with encoding U.
See \cite{fntguide} for how to access a given font shape directly.

Note, that none of the font families provides true small capitals,
so the shape `sc' refers to so-called `faked' small capitals,
whose typographical quality is---at least---questionable.

The math font families loaded by the
\Lpack{mathptm}, \Lpack{mathptmx}, \Lpack{mathpazo} and \Lpack{mathpple} packages
are not listed here.
See the documented source file \texttt{psfonts.dtx} 
for information on this topic.

\begin{table}[p]
  \caption{Font shapes supported by the basic PSNFSS distribution}
  \label{tab:families}
  \medskip
  
  {\small
  \begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{|l|l|l|>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}X|}
  \hline
  \textbf{family} & \textbf{series} & \textbf{shape(s)} & \textbf{\ps{} font names}\\
  \hline\hline
  \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\textit{Times}}\\ \hline
   ptm & m & n, sl, it, sc  & Times-Roman, Times-Italic\\ \hline
   ptm & b & n, sl, it, sc  & Times-Bold, Times-BoldItalic\\ \hline \hline
  \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\textit{Palatino}}\\ \hline
   ppl & m & n, sl, it, sc & Palatino-Roman, Palatino-Italic\\ \hline
   ppl & b & n, sl, it, sc & Palatino-Bold, Palatino-BoldItalic\\ \hline \hline
  \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\textit{New Century Schoolbook}}\\ \hline
   pnc & m & n, sl, it, sc & NewCenturySchlbk-Roman, NewCenturySchlbk-Italic\\ \hline
   pnc & b & n, sl, it, sc & NewCenturySchlbk-Bold, NewCenturySchlbk-BoldItalic\\ \hline \hline
  \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\textit{Bookman}}\\ \hline
   pbk & m & n, sl, it, sc & Bookman-Light, Bookman-LightItalic\\ \hline
   pbk & b & n, sl, it, sc & Bookman-Demi, Bookman-DemiItalic\\ \hline \hline
  \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\textit{Helvetica}}\\ \hline
   phv & m & n, sl, sc & Helvetica, Helvetica-Oblique\\ \hline
   phv & b & n, sl, sc & Helvetica-Bold, Helvetica-BoldOblique\\ \hline
   phv & mc & n, sl, sc & Helvetica-Narrow, Helvetica-Narrow-Oblique\\ \hline
   phv & bc & n, sl, sc & Helvetica-Narrow-Bold, Helvetica-Narrow-BoldOblique\\\hline \hline
  \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\textit{Avant Garde}}\\ \hline
   pag & m & n, sl, sc & AvantGarde-Book, AvantGarde-BookOblique\\ \hline
   pag & b & n, sl, sc & AvantGarde-Demi, AvantGarde-DemiOblique\\ \hline \hline
  \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\textit{Courier}}\\ \hline
   pcr & m & n, sl, sc & Courier, CourierOblique\\ \hline
   pcr & b & n, sl, sc & Courier-Bold, Courier-BoldOblique\\ \hline \hline
  \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\textit{Zapf Chancery}}\\ \hline
   pzc & m & it & ZapfChancery-MediumItalic\\ \hline \hline
  \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\textit{Utopia}}\\ \hline
   put & m & n, sl, it, sc & Utopia-Regular, Utopia-Italic\\ \hline
   put & b & n, sl, it, sc & Utopia-Bold, Utopia-BoldItalic\\ \hline \hline
  \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\textit{Charter}}\\ \hline
   bch & m & n, sl, it, sc & CharterBT-Roman, CharterBT-Italic\\ \hline
   bch & b & n, sl, it, sc & CharterBT-Bold, CharterBT-BoldItalic\\ \hline \hline
  \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\textit{Symbol}}\\ \hline
   psy & m & n & Symbol\\ \hline \hline
  \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\textit{Zapf Dingbats}}\\ \hline
   pzd & m & n & ZapfDingbats\\ \hline
  \end{tabularx}
  \par}
\end{table}



\section{Obsolete packages}
The macro packages listed in table \vref{tab:obsolete} are obsolete;
they are provided for compatibility with existing documents only.

\begin{table}[hbt]
\caption{Obsolete packages in the PSNFSS collection}
\label{tab:obsolete}
\medskip
{\footnotesize
\begin{center}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}
\begin{tabular}{|l|p{1.8cm}p{2.2cm}p{2.4cm}p{2.2cm}|}
\hline
\textbf{package} & \textbf{roman}  & \textbf{sans serif} & \textbf{typewriter} & \textbf{math} \\\hline\hline
\Lpack{times}    & Times 
                 & Helvetica
                 & Courier
                 & \\\hline
\Lpack{palatino} & Palatino
                 & Helvetica
                 & Courier
                 & \\\hline
\Lpack{mathptm}  & Times 
                 &
                 &
                 & $\approx$ Times\\\hline
\Lpack{mathpple} & Palatino 
                 &
                 &
                 & $\approx$ Palatino\\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
}
\end{table}


\subsection{The packages \Lpack{times} and \Lpack{palatino}}
These packages do not scale the Helvetica fonts appropriately 
to match Times and Palatino---see section \ref{sec:helvet}.
Use \Lpack{mathptmx} or \Lpack{mathpazo} in conjunction with 
\Lpack{helvet} and \Lpack{courier} instead!

In case you want to load Times or Palatino \emph{without} the
related math fonts of the PSNFSS bundle, you can still use the
basic NFSS commands.  For instance,
\begin{quote}
+\renewcommand{\rmdefault}{ptm}+
\end{quote}
will change the default roman font family to
\texttt{ptm}, i.e.\ Times. 

\subsection{The package \Lpack{mathptm}}
The package \Lpack{mathptm} is a predecessor to \Lpack{mathptmx}.
In contrast to the latter and to \LaTeX's standard behavior,
lowercase Greek in math is typeset upright.
Zapf Chancery is used as the calligraphic math alphabet,
which causes some problems with proper spacing.
\Lpack{mathptm} needs the font \texttt{cmex9}, which may not
be available in Type~1 format.

\subsection{The package \Lpack{mathpple}}
\Lpack{mathpple} is a predecessor to \Lpack{mathpazo},
using also a set of virtual math fonts to go with Palatino.
The Greek alphabet is, however, taken from the
`Euler' fonts (which get slanted), instead of the Pazo fonts.  
The package \Lpack{mathpple} does not support the
+[sc]+ and +[osf]+ options, and there is no blackboard bold math alphabet, 
either.  Further flaws are:
\begin{itemize}
  \item The spacing within numbers and function names in formulas
   is somewhat too loose.
  \item The +\coprod+ symbol is missing.
  \item There are no boldface variants of +\partial+ and +\infty+.
  \item +\jmath+ is taken from the CM math italic font, which does
  not blend well witg Palatino.
\end{itemize}
The newer \Lpack{mathpazo} package can  be considered as
superior, but you may still use \Lpack{mathpple}, if you prefer 
the shape of its Greek math alphabet



\section{Typeface samples}

The following samples show the regular font of each typeface family
supported by PSNFSS.  
The particular font size and baselineskip is indicated below the font name.
Note that Helvetica is scaled to 92\,\% of the nominal size.

\medskip

\sample{Times}{ptm}{10}{12pt}{}

\sample{Palatino}{ppl}{10}{12.4pt}{}

\sample{Bookman}{pbk}{9.6}{11.5pt}{}

\sample{Charter}{bch}{10}{12.4pt}{}

\sample{New Century Schoolbook}{pnc}{9.6}{12pt}{}

\sample{Utopia}{put}{9.6}{12pt}{}

\sample{Helvetica}{phv}{10}{12pt}{}

\parbox[t]{\leftwidth}{%
  {\raggedright\footnotesize
  Avant~Garde\\
  9.6pt
  \par}}
\hfill
\parbox[t]{\rightwidth}{
{\fontfamily{pag}\fontsize{9.6}{11.5pt}\selectfont\raggedright
 Don't use Avant Garde for typesetting larger portions of text\,!
\par}}\medskip

\parbox[t]{\leftwidth}{
  {\raggedright\footnotesize
  Courier\\
  10/12pt
  \par}}
\hfill
\parbox[t]{\rightwidth}{
{\fontfamily{pcr}\fontsize{10}{12pt}\selectfont\raggedright
 A monospaced typeface, suitable for typesetting filenames, URLs etc.
\par}}\medskip

\parbox[t]{\leftwidth}{
  {\raggedright\footnotesize
  Zapf Chancery\\
  14.4pt
  \par}}
\hfill
\parbox[t]{\rightwidth}{
{\fontfamily{pzc}\Large\raggedright
To Hermann Zapf -- whose strokes are the best.
\par}}\medskip



\section*{Credits}
The PSNFSS system was originally developed by Sebastian Rahtz.

The virtual mathptm and mathptmx fonts and the related packages
were created by Alan Jeffrey, Sebastian Rathz and
Ulrik Vieth.

The \Lpack{mathpple} package and its virtual fonts are based 
on earlier work by Aloysius Helminck.

The Pazo math fonts and the related virtual fonts were created 
by Diego Puga.




\begin{thebibliography}{1}

\bibitem{companion}
Michel Goossens, Frank Mittelbach, and
Alexander Samarin:
\textit{The LaTeX Companion}.
Addison Wesley, 1994.

\bibitem{gcompanion}
Michel Goossens, Sebastian Rahtz, and
Frank Mittelbach:
\textit{The LaTeX Graphics Companion}.
Addison Wesley Longman, 1997.

\bibitem{fntguide}
\LaTeX3 Project Team (Ed.):
\textit{LaTeX2e font selection.}
CTAN: \path{macros/latex/doc/html/fntguide/fntguide.html}
(Part of the \LaTeX{} online documentation)
\end{thebibliography}


\end{document}
