The Spring Framework

## org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc
Class AbstractWizardFormController

    java.lang.Object
      org.springframework.context.support.ApplicationObjectSupport
          org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationObjectSupport
              org.springframework.web.servlet.support.WebContentGenerator
                  org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController
                      org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.BaseCommandController
                          org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractFormController
                              org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractWizardFormController

All Implemented Interfaces:
  ApplicationContextAware, ServletContextAware, Controller

    public abstract class AbstractWizardFormController

extends AbstractFormController

Form controller for typical wizard-style workflows.

In contrast to classic forms, wizards have more than one form view page. Therefore, there are various actions instead of one single submit action:

- finish: trying to leave the wizard successfully, that is, perform its final action, and thus requiring a valid state;
- cancel: leaving the wizard without performing its final action, and thus without regard to the validity of its current state;
- page change: showing another wizard page, e.g. the next or previous one, with regard to "dirty back" and "dirty forward".

Finish and cancel actions can be triggered by request parameters, named PARAM_FINISH ("_finish") and PARAM_CANCEL ("_cancel"), ignoring parameter values to allow for HTML buttons. The target page for page changes can be specified by PARAM_TARGET, appending the page number to the parameter name (e.g. "_target1"). The action parameters are recognized when triggered by image buttons too (via "_finish.x", "_abort.x", or "_target1.x").

The current page number will be stored in the session. It can also be specified as request parameter PARAM_PAGE ("_page") in order to properly handle usage of the back button in a browser: In this case, a submission will always contain the correct page number, even if the user submitted from an old view.

The page can only be changed if it validates correctly, except if a "dirty back" or "dirty forward" is allowed. At finish, all pages get validated again to guarantee a consistent state.

Note that a validator's default validate method is not executed when using this class! Rather, the `validatePage(java.lang.Object, org.springframework.validation.Errors, int, boolean)` implementation should call special `validateXXX` methods that the validator needs to provide, validating certain pieces of the object. These can be combined to validate the elements of individual pages.

Note: Page numbering starts with 0, to be able to pass an array consisting of the corresponding view names to the "pages" bean property.

Since:
  25.04.2003
Author:
  Juergen Hoeller
See Also:
  `setPages(java.lang.String[])`, `validatePage(java.lang.Object, org.springframework.validation.Errors, int, boolean)`, `processFinish(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse, java.lang.Object, org.springframework.validation.BindException)`, `processCancel(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse, java.lang.Object, org.springframework.validation.BindException)`

Field Summary
`static String` `PARAM_CANCEL` Parameter triggering the cancel action.
`static String` `PARAM_FINISH` Parameter triggering the finish action.
`static String` `PARAM_PAGE` Parameter specifying the current page as value.
`static String` `PARAM_TARGET` Parameter specifying the target page, appending the page number to the name.

Fields inherited from class org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.BaseCommandController
`DEFAULT_COMMAND_NAME`

Fields inherited from class org.springframework.web.servlet.support.WebContentGenerator
`METHOD_GET, METHOD_HEAD, METHOD_POST`

Fields inherited from class org.springframework.context.support.ApplicationObjectSupport
`logger`

Constructor Summary
`AbstractWizardFormController()` Create a new AbstractWizardFormController.

Method Summary
`protected int` `getCurrentPage(HttpServletRequest request)` Return the current page number.
`protected int` `getInitialPage(HttpServletRequest request)` Return the initial page of the wizard, that is, the page shown at wizard startup.
`protected int` `getInitialPage(HttpServletRequest request, Object command)` Return the initial page of the wizard, that is, the page shown at wizard startup.
`String` `getPageAttribute()` Return the name of the page attribute in the model.
`protected int` `getPageCount()` Return the number of wizard pages.
`protected int` `getPageCount(HttpServletRequest request, Object command)` Return the page count for this wizard form controller.
`String[]` `getPages()` Return the wizard pages, i.e. the view names for the pages.
`protected String` `getPageSessionAttributeName()` Return the name of the HttpSession attribute that holds the page object for this wizard form controller.
`protected String` `getPageSessionAttributeName(HttpServletRequest request)` Return the name of the HttpSession attribute that holds the page object for this wizard form controller.
`protected int` `getTargetPage(HttpServletRequest request, int currentPage)` Return the target page specified in the request.
`protected int` `getTargetPage(HttpServletRequest request, Object command, Errors errors, int currentPage)` Return the target page specified in the request.
`protected String` `getViewName(HttpServletRequest request, Object command, int page)` Return the name of the view for the specified page of this wizard form controller.
`protected ModelAndView` `handleInvalidSubmit(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)` Handle an invalid submit request, e.g. when in session form mode but no form object was found in the session (like in case of an invalid resubmit by the browser).
`boolean` `isAllowDirtyBack()` Return whether "dirty back" is allowed.
`boolean` `isAllowDirtyForward()` Return whether "dirty forward" is allowed.
`protected boolean` `isCancelRequest(HttpServletRequest request)` Determine whether the incoming request is a request to cancel the processing of the current form.
`protected boolean` `isFinishRequest(HttpServletRequest request)` Determine whether the incoming request is a request to finish the processing of the current form.
`protected boolean` `isFormSubmission(HttpServletRequest request)` Consider an explicit finish or cancel request as a form submission too.
`protected void` `onBindAndValidate(HttpServletRequest request, Object command, BindException errors)` Calls page-specific onBindAndValidate method.
`protected void` `onBindAndValidate(HttpServletRequest request, Object command, BindException errors, int page)` Callback for custom post-processing in terms of binding and validation.
`protected void` `postProcessPage(HttpServletRequest request, Object command, Errors errors, int page)` Post-process the given page after binding and validation, potentially updating its command object.
`protected ModelAndView` `processCancel(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object command, BindException errors)` Template method for processing the cancel action of this wizard.
`protected abstract ModelAndView` `processFinish(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object command, BindException errors)` Template method for processing the final action of this wizard.
`protected ModelAndView` `processFormSubmission(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object command, BindException errors)` Apply wizard workflow: finish, cancel, page change.
`protected Map` `referenceData(HttpServletRequest request, int page)` Create a reference data map for the given request, consisting of bean name/bean instance pairs as expected by ModelAndView.
`protected Map` `referenceData(HttpServletRequest request, Object command, Errors errors)` Calls page-specific referenceData method.
`protected Map` `referenceData(HttpServletRequest request, Object command, Errors errors, int page)` Create a reference data map for the given request, consisting of bean name/bean instance pairs as expected by ModelAndView.
`void` `setAllowDirtyBack(boolean allowDirtyBack)` Set if "dirty back" is allowed, that is, if moving to a former wizard page is allowed in case of validation errors for the current page.
`void` `setAllowDirtyForward(boolean allowDirtyForward)` Set if "dirty forward" is allowed, that is, if moving to a later wizard page is allowed in case of validation errors for the current page.
`void` `setPageAttribute(String pageAttribute)` Set the name of the page attribute in the model, containing an Integer with the current page number.
`void` `setPages(String[] pages)` Set the wizard pages, i.e. the view names for the pages.
`protected ModelAndView` `showForm(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, BindException errors)` Show the first page as form view.
`protected ModelAndView` `showPage(HttpServletRequest request, BindException errors, int page)` Prepare the form model and view, including reference and error data, for the given page.
`protected void` `validatePage(Object command, Errors errors, int page)` Template method for custom validation logic for individual pages.
`protected void` `validatePage(Object command, Errors errors, int page, boolean finish)` Template method for custom validation logic for individual pages.

Methods inherited from class org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractFormController
`currentFormObject, formBackingObject, getCommand, getErrorsForNewForm, getFormSessionAttributeName, getFormSessionAttributeName, handleRequestInternal, isBindOnNewForm, isSessionForm, onBindOnNewForm, onBindOnNewForm, setBindOnNewForm, setSessionForm, showForm, showForm, showNewForm`

Methods inherited from class org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.BaseCommandController

`bindAndValidate, checkCommand, createBinder, createCommand, getBindingErrorProcessor, getCommandClass, getCommandName, getMessageCodesResolver, getPropertyEditorRegistrars, getValidator, getValidators, getWebBindingInitializer, initApplicationContext, initBinder, isValidateOnBinding, onBind, onBind, prepareBinder, setBindingErrorProcessor, setCommandClass, setCommandName, setMessageCodesResolver, setPropertyEditorRegistrar, setPropertyEditorRegistrars, setValidateOnBinding, setValidator, setValidators, setWebBindingInitializer, suppressBinding, suppressValidation, suppressValidation, suppressValidation, useDirectFieldAccess`

Methods inherited from class org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController
`handleRequest, isSynchronizeOnSession, setSynchronizeOnSession`

Methods inherited from class org.springframework.web.servlet.support.WebContentGenerator
`applyCacheSeconds, applyCacheSeconds, cacheForSeconds, cacheForSeconds, checkAndPrepare, checkAndPrepare, getCacheSeconds, getSupportedMethods, isRequireSession, isUseCacheControlHeader, isUseCacheControlNoStore, isUseExpiresHeader, preventCaching, setCacheSeconds, setRequireSession, setSupportedMethods, setUseCacheControlHeader, setUseCacheControlNoStore, setUseExpiresHeader`

Methods inherited from class org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationObjectSupport
`getServletContext, getTempDir, getWebApplicationContext, initApplicationContext, initServletContext, isContextRequired, setServletContext`

Methods inherited from class org.springframework.context.support.ApplicationObjectSupport
`getApplicationContext, getMessageSourceAccessor, requiredContextClass, setApplicationContext`

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
`clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

Field Detail

### PARAM_FINISH

    public static final String PARAM_FINISH

  Parameter triggering the finish action. Can be called from any wizard page!

  See Also:
    Constant Field Values

### PARAM_CANCEL

    public static final String PARAM_CANCEL

  Parameter triggering the cancel action. Can be called from any wizard page!

  See Also:
    Constant Field Values

### PARAM_TARGET

    public static final String PARAM_TARGET

  Parameter specifying the target page, appending the page number to the name.

  See Also:
    Constant Field Values

### PARAM_PAGE

    public static final String PARAM_PAGE

  Parameter specifying the current page as value. Not necessary on form pages, but allows to properly handle usage of the back button.

  See Also:
    `setPageAttribute(java.lang.String)`, Constant Field Values

Constructor Detail

### AbstractWizardFormController

    public AbstractWizardFormController()

  Create a new AbstractWizardFormController.

  "sessionForm" is automatically turned on, "validateOnBinding" turned off, and "cacheSeconds" set to 0 by the base class (-> no caching for all form controllers).

Method Detail

### setPages

    public final void setPages(String[] pages)

  Set the wizard pages, i.e. the view names for the pages. The array index is interpreted as page number.

  Parameters:
    `pages` - view names for the pages

### getPages

    public final String[] getPages()

  Return the wizard pages, i.e. the view names for the pages. The array index corresponds to the page number.

  Note that a concrete wizard form controller might override `getViewName(HttpServletRequest, Object, int)` to determine the view name for each page dynamically.

  See Also:
    `getViewName(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, Object, int)`

### getPageCount

    protected final int getPageCount()

  Return the number of wizard pages. Useful to check whether the last page has been reached.

  Note that a concrete wizard form controller might override `getPageCount(HttpServletRequest, Object)` to determine the page count dynamically. The default implementation of that extended `getPageCount` variant returns the static page count as determined by this `getPageCount()` method.

  See Also:
    `getPageCount(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, Object)`

### setPageAttribute

    public final void setPageAttribute(String pageAttribute)

  Set the name of the page attribute in the model, containing an Integer with the current page number.

  This will be necessary for single views rendering multiple view pages. It also allows for specifying the optional "_page" parameter.

  Parameters:
    `pageAttribute` - name of the page attribute
  See Also:
    `PARAM_PAGE`

### getPageAttribute

    public final String getPageAttribute()

  Return the name of the page attribute in the model.

### setAllowDirtyBack

    public final void setAllowDirtyBack(boolean allowDirtyBack)

  Set if "dirty back" is allowed, that is, if moving to a former wizard page is allowed in case of validation errors for the current page.

  Parameters:
    `allowDirtyBack` - if "dirty back" is allowed

### isAllowDirtyBack

    public final boolean isAllowDirtyBack()

  Return whether "dirty back" is allowed.

### setAllowDirtyForward

    public final void setAllowDirtyForward(boolean allowDirtyForward)

  Set if "dirty forward" is allowed, that is, if moving to a later wizard page is allowed in case of validation errors for the current page.

  Parameters:
    `allowDirtyForward` - if "dirty forward" is allowed

### isAllowDirtyForward

    public final boolean isAllowDirtyForward()

  Return whether "dirty forward" is allowed.

### onBindAndValidate

    protected final void onBindAndValidate(HttpServletRequest request,
                                           Object command,
                                           BindException errors)
                                    throws Exception

  Calls page-specific onBindAndValidate method.

  Overrides:
    `onBindAndValidate` in class `BaseCommandController`
  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `command` - the command object, still allowing for further binding
    `errors` - validation errors holder, allowing for additional custom validation
  Throws:
    `Exception` - in case of invalid state or arguments
  See Also:
    `BaseCommandController.bindAndValidate(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, java.lang.Object)`, `Errors`

### onBindAndValidate

    protected void onBindAndValidate(HttpServletRequest request,
                                     Object command,
                                     BindException errors,
                                     int page)
                              throws Exception

  Callback for custom post-processing in terms of binding and validation. Called on each submit, after standard binding but before page-specific validation of this wizard form controller.

  Note: AbstractWizardFormController does not perform standand validation on binding but rather applies page-specific validation on processing the form submission.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `command` - bound command
    `errors` - Errors instance for additional custom validation
    `page` - current wizard page
  Throws:
    `Exception` - in case of invalid state or arguments
  See Also:
    `BaseCommandController.bindAndValidate(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, java.lang.Object)`, `processFormSubmission(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse, java.lang.Object, org.springframework.validation.BindException)`, `Errors`

### isFormSubmission

    protected boolean isFormSubmission(HttpServletRequest request)

  Consider an explicit finish or cancel request as a form submission too.

  Overrides:
    `isFormSubmission` in class `AbstractFormController`
  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
  Returns:
    if the request represents a form submission
  See Also:
    `isFinishRequest(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)`, `isCancelRequest(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)`

### referenceData

    protected final Map referenceData(HttpServletRequest request,
                                      Object command,
                                      Errors errors)
                               throws Exception

  Calls page-specific referenceData method.

  Overrides:
    `referenceData` in class `AbstractFormController`
  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `command` - form object with request parameters bound onto it
    `errors` - validation errors holder
  Returns:
    a Map with reference data entries, or `null` if none
  Throws:
    `Exception` - in case of invalid state or arguments
  See Also:
    `ModelAndView`

### referenceData

    protected Map referenceData(HttpServletRequest request,
                                Object command,
                                Errors errors,
                                int page)
                         throws Exception

  Create a reference data map for the given request, consisting of bean name/bean instance pairs as expected by ModelAndView.

  The default implementation delegates to referenceData(HttpServletRequest, int). Subclasses can override this to set reference data used in the view.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `command` - form object with request parameters bound onto it
    `errors` - validation errors holder
    `page` - current wizard page
  Returns:
    a Map with reference data entries, or `null` if none
  Throws:
    `Exception` - in case of invalid state or arguments
  See Also:
    `referenceData(HttpServletRequest, int)`, `ModelAndView`

### referenceData

    protected Map referenceData(HttpServletRequest request,
                                int page)
                         throws Exception

  Create a reference data map for the given request, consisting of bean name/bean instance pairs as expected by ModelAndView.

  The default implementation returns `null`. Subclasses can override this to set reference data used in the view.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `page` - current wizard page
  Returns:
    a Map with reference data entries, or `null` if none
  Throws:
    `Exception` - in case of invalid state or arguments
  See Also:
    `ModelAndView`

### showForm

    protected ModelAndView showForm(HttpServletRequest request,
                                    HttpServletResponse response,
                                    BindException errors)
                             throws Exception

  Show the first page as form view.

  This can be overridden in subclasses, e.g. to prepare wizard-specific error views in case of an Exception.

  Specified by:
    `showForm` in class `AbstractFormController`
  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `response` - current HTTP response
    `errors` - validation errors holder
  Returns:
    the prepared form view, or `null` if handled directly
  Throws:
    `Exception` - in case of invalid state or arguments
  See Also:
    `AbstractFormController.showForm(HttpServletRequest, BindException, String)`, `Errors`, `BindException.getModel()`, `AbstractFormController.referenceData(HttpServletRequest, Object, Errors)`, `SimpleFormController.setFormView(java.lang.String)`

### showPage

    protected final ModelAndView showPage(HttpServletRequest request,
                                          BindException errors,
                                          int page)
                                   throws Exception

  Prepare the form model and view, including reference and error data, for the given page. Can be used in `processFinish(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse, java.lang.Object, org.springframework.validation.BindException)` implementations, to show the corresponding page in case of validation errors.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `errors` - validation errors holder
    `page` - number of page to show
  Returns:
    the prepared form view
  Throws:
    `Exception` - in case of invalid state or arguments

### getPageCount

    protected int getPageCount(HttpServletRequest request,
                               Object command)

  Return the page count for this wizard form controller. The default implementation delegates to `getPageCount()`.

  Can be overridden to dynamically adapt the page count.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `command` - the command object as returned by formBackingObject
  Returns:
    the current page count
  See Also:
    `getPageCount()`

### getViewName

    protected String getViewName(HttpServletRequest request,
                                 Object command,
                                 int page)

  Return the name of the view for the specified page of this wizard form controller.

  The default implementation takes the view name from the `getPages()` array.

  Can be overridden to dynamically switch the page view or to return view names for dynamically defined pages.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `command` - the command object as returned by formBackingObject
    `page` - the current page number
  Returns:
    the current page count
  See Also:
    `getPageCount()`

### getInitialPage

    protected int getInitialPage(HttpServletRequest request,
                                 Object command)

  Return the initial page of the wizard, that is, the page shown at wizard startup.

  The default implementation delegates to `getInitialPage(HttpServletRequest)`.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `command` - the command object as returned by formBackingObject
  Returns:
    the initial page number
  See Also:
    `getInitialPage(HttpServletRequest)`, `AbstractFormController.formBackingObject(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)`

### getInitialPage

    protected int getInitialPage(HttpServletRequest request)

  Return the initial page of the wizard, that is, the page shown at wizard startup.

  The default implementation returns 0 for first page.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
  Returns:
    the initial page number

### getPageSessionAttributeName

    protected String getPageSessionAttributeName(HttpServletRequest request)

  Return the name of the HttpSession attribute that holds the page object for this wizard form controller.

  The default implementation delegates to the `getPageSessionAttributeName()` variant without arguments.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
  Returns:
    the name of the form session attribute, or `null` if not in session form mode
  See Also:
    `getPageSessionAttributeName(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)`, `AbstractFormController.getFormSessionAttributeName(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)`, `HttpSession.getAttribute(java.lang.String)`

### getPageSessionAttributeName

    protected String getPageSessionAttributeName()

  Return the name of the HttpSession attribute that holds the page object for this wizard form controller.

  Default is an internal name, of no relevance to applications, as the form session attribute is not usually accessed directly. Can be overridden to use an application-specific attribute name, which allows other code to access the session attribute directly.

  Returns:
    the name of the page session attribute
  See Also:
    `AbstractFormController.getFormSessionAttributeName(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)`, `HttpSession.getAttribute(java.lang.String)`

### handleInvalidSubmit

    protected ModelAndView handleInvalidSubmit(HttpServletRequest request,
                                               HttpServletResponse response)
                                        throws Exception

  Handle an invalid submit request, e.g. when in session form mode but no form object was found in the session (like in case of an invalid resubmit by the browser).

  The default implementation for wizard form controllers simply shows the initial page of a new wizard form. If you want to show some "invalid submit" message, you need to override this method.

  Overrides:
    `handleInvalidSubmit` in class `AbstractFormController`
  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `response` - current HTTP response
  Returns:
    a prepared view, or `null` if handled directly
  Throws:
    `Exception` - in case of errors
  See Also:
    `AbstractFormController.showNewForm(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)`, `AbstractFormController.setBindOnNewForm(boolean)`

### processFormSubmission

    protected final ModelAndView processFormSubmission(HttpServletRequest request,
                                                       HttpServletResponse response,
                                                       Object command,
                                                       BindException errors)
                                                throws Exception

  Apply wizard workflow: finish, cancel, page change.

  Specified by:
    `processFormSubmission` in class `AbstractFormController`
  Parameters:
    `request` - current servlet request
    `response` - current servlet response
    `command` - form object with request parameters bound onto it
    `errors` - holder without errors (subclass can add errors if it wants to)
  Returns:
    the prepared model and view, or `null`
  Throws:
    `Exception` - in case of errors
  See Also:
    `AbstractFormController.handleRequestInternal(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)`, `AbstractFormController.isFormSubmission(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)`, `AbstractFormController.showForm(HttpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse, BindException)`, `Errors`, `BindException.getModel()`

### getCurrentPage

    protected int getCurrentPage(HttpServletRequest request)

  Return the current page number. Used by `processFormSubmission(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse, java.lang.Object, org.springframework.validation.BindException)`.

  The default implementation checks the page session attribute. Subclasses can override this for customized page determination.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
  Returns:
    the current page number
  See Also:
    `getPageSessionAttributeName()`

### isFinishRequest

    protected boolean isFinishRequest(HttpServletRequest request)

  Determine whether the incoming request is a request to finish the processing of the current form.

  By default, this method returns `true` if a parameter matching the "_finish" key is present in the request, otherwise it returns `false`. Subclasses may override this method to provide custom logic to detect a finish request.

  The parameter is recognized both when sent as a plain parameter ("_finish") or when triggered by an image button ("_finish.x").

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
  Returns:
    whether the request indicates to finish form processing
  See Also:
    `PARAM_FINISH`

### isCancelRequest

    protected boolean isCancelRequest(HttpServletRequest request)

  Determine whether the incoming request is a request to cancel the processing of the current form.

  By default, this method returns `true` if a parameter matching the "_cancel" key is present in the request, otherwise it returns `false`. Subclasses may override this method to provide custom logic to detect a cancel request.

  The parameter is recognized both when sent as a plain parameter ("_cancel") or when triggered by an image button ("_cancel.x").

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
  Returns:
    whether the request indicates to cancel form processing
  See Also:
    `PARAM_CANCEL`

### getTargetPage

    protected int getTargetPage(HttpServletRequest request,
                                Object command,
                                Errors errors,
                                int currentPage)

  Return the target page specified in the request.

  The default implementation delegates to `getTargetPage(HttpServletRequest, int)`. Subclasses can override this for customized target page determination.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `command` - form object with request parameters bound onto it
    `errors` - validation errors holder
    `currentPage` - the current page, to be returned as fallback if no target page specified
  Returns:
    the page specified in the request, or current page if not found
  See Also:
    `getTargetPage(HttpServletRequest, int)`

### getTargetPage

    protected int getTargetPage(HttpServletRequest request,
                                int currentPage)

  Return the target page specified in the request.

  The default implementation examines "_target" parameter (e.g. "_target1"). Subclasses can override this for customized target page determination.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `currentPage` - the current page, to be returned as fallback if no target page specified
  Returns:
    the page specified in the request, or current page if not found
  See Also:
    `PARAM_TARGET`

### validatePage

    protected void validatePage(Object command,
                                Errors errors,
                                int page,
                                boolean finish)

  Template method for custom validation logic for individual pages. The default implementation calls `validatePage(Object, Errors, int)`.

  Implementations will typically call fine-granular `validateXXX` methods of this instance's Validator, combining them to validation of the corresponding pages. The Validator's default `validate` method will not be called by a wizard form controller!

  Parameters:
    `command` - form object with the current wizard state
    `errors` - validation errors holder
    `page` - number of page to validate
    `finish` - whether this method is called during final revalidation on finish (else, it is called for validating the current page)
  See Also:
    `validatePage(Object, Errors, int)`, `Validator.validate(java.lang.Object, org.springframework.validation.Errors)`

### validatePage

    protected void validatePage(Object command,
                                Errors errors,
                                int page)

  Template method for custom validation logic for individual pages. The default implementation is empty.

  Implementations will typically call fine-granular validateXXX methods of this instance's validator, combining them to validation of the corresponding pages. The validator's default `validate` method will not be called by a wizard form controller!

  Parameters:
    `command` - form object with the current wizard state
    `errors` - validation errors holder
    `page` - number of page to validate
  See Also:
    `Validator.validate(java.lang.Object, org.springframework.validation.Errors)`

### postProcessPage

    protected void postProcessPage(HttpServletRequest request,
                                   Object command,
                                   Errors errors,
                                   int page)
                            throws Exception

  Post-process the given page after binding and validation, potentially updating its command object. The passed-in request might contain special parameters sent by the page.

  Only invoked when displaying another page or the same page again, not when finishing or cancelling.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `command` - form object with request parameters bound onto it
    `errors` - validation errors holder
    `page` - number of page to post-process
  Throws:
    `Exception` - in case of invalid state or arguments

### processFinish

    protected abstract ModelAndView processFinish(HttpServletRequest request,
                                                  HttpServletResponse response,
                                                  Object command,
                                                  BindException errors)
                                           throws Exception

  Template method for processing the final action of this wizard.

  Call `errors.getModel()` to populate the ModelAndView model with the command and the Errors instance, under the specified command name, as expected by the "spring:bind" tag.

  You can call the `showPage(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, org.springframework.validation.BindException, int)` method to return back to the wizard, in case of last-minute validation errors having been found that you would like to present to the user within the original wizard form.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `response` - current HTTP response
    `command` - form object with the current wizard state
    `errors` - validation errors holder
  Returns:
    the finish view
  Throws:
    `Exception` - in case of invalid state or arguments
  See Also:
    `Errors`, `BindException.getModel()`, `showPage(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, org.springframework.validation.BindException, int)`

### processCancel

    protected ModelAndView processCancel(HttpServletRequest request,
                                         HttpServletResponse response,
                                         Object command,
                                         BindException errors)
                                  throws Exception

  Template method for processing the cancel action of this wizard.

  The default implementation throws a ServletException, saying that a cancel operation is not supported by this controller. Thus, you do not need to implement this template method if you do not support a cancel operation.

  Call `errors.getModel()` to populate the ModelAndView model with the command and the Errors instance, under the specified command name, as expected by the "spring:bind" tag.

  Parameters:
    `request` - current HTTP request
    `response` - current HTTP response
    `command` - form object with the current wizard state
    `errors` - Errors instance containing errors
  Returns:
    the cancellation view
  Throws:
    `Exception` - in case of invalid state or arguments
  See Also:
    `Errors`, `BindException.getModel()`

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