

=========================
 SimGUI Manual
=========================

:Authors: Klaus Muller <Muller@users.sourceforge.net>
:SimPy release: |release|
:Web-site: http://simpy.sourceforge.net/
:Python-Version: 2.3 and later (not 3.0)
:Revision: $Revision: 297 $ 
:Date: $Date: 2009-03-30 15:24:46 +0200 (Mo, 30 Mrz 2009) $ 


.. contents:: Contents
   :depth: 2

This manual describes **SimGUI**, a GUI framework for SimPy simulation applications.

Acknowledgements
================

The initial ideas for using a Tk/Tkinter-based GUI for SimPy simulation models
and first applications came from Mike Mellor and Prof. Simon Frost of University 
of California, San Diego. Simon has been a very productive co-developer of SimGUI.

Following an idea by Simon Frost, SimGUI uses a great Tkinter-based console for conversing 
with the Python interpreter, developed by Ka-Ping Yee <ping@lfw.org>.

Introduction
============

SimGUI is a GUI framework for SimPy simulation programs. It provides for:

	- a standard layout of the user interface, including its menu structure
	- running a simulation
	- viewing simulation output
	- saving the output to a file
	- changing the simulation model parameters
	- viewing a model description
	- viewing the simulation program's code
	- a Python console for debugging
	
SimGUI is based on the Tk GUI library.

SimGUI overview
===============

Here is a minimalistic program which does nothing but show the SimGUI user interface::

    ## SimGUIminimal.py
    from SimPy.SimGUI import *
    root=Tk()
    gu=SimGUI(root,consoleHeight=20)
    gu.mainloop()
    
Running it produces this output:

.. image:: images/Minimal.png

The large frame is the **SimGUI application window**. To its right are
the standard menu items of SimGUI. To show them, the menus have been torn off by
clicking on the dotted line on all SimGUI drop-down menu items.

The SimGUI application window consists of five widgets:

	- the outside frame is a Tk Toplevel widget with a default title (which can be changed),
	
		- a **menu bar**, a Tk Menu widget which can be adapted by the application program (contained in toplevel)
		- the **output window**, a Tk Frame widet for SimPy program output (contained in toplevel)
	
			- the **status bar** for one-line status messages, a Tk Label widget (contained in output window)
			
			- the **output console** for application output, a Tk Text widget (contained in output window)

The **File** sub-menu is for saving or opening files and also for quitting the application. By default, it supports
saving the content of the output console.

The **Edit** sub-menu is for any editing or change operations. By default, it supports changing model parameters 
and clearing the output console.

The **Run** sub-menu is for running the SimPy model. By default, it is empty, as there is no model to run.

The **View** sub-menu is for calling up any application output, e.g. plots or statistics. By default, it has the ability
to automatically show the data from any Monitor instance in the SimPy application.

The **Help** sub-menu is for viewing any information about SimGUI and the specific application behind it.
By default, it provides information about the version of SimGUI, lists the application's code and allows
the launching of a Python console for testing and debugging purposes.

To show how simple it is to interface a model to SimGUI, here is an example with a simple simulation model::

    #!/usr/bin/env python
    __doc__=""" GUIdemo.py
    This is a very basic model, demonstrating the ease
    of interfacing to SimGUI.
    """
    from __future__ import generators
    from SimPy.Simulation  import *
    from random import *
    from SimPy.SimGUI import *

    class Launcher(Process):
        nrLaunched=0
        def launch(self):
            while True:
                gui.writeConsole("Launch at %.1f"%now())
                Launcher.nrLaunched+=1
                gui.launchmonitor.observe(Launcher.nrLaunched)
                yield hold,self,uniform(1,gui.params.maxFlightTime)
                gui.writeConsole("Boom!!! Aaaah!! at %.1f"%now())

    def model():
        gui.launchmonitor=Monitor(name="Rocket counter",
                                  ylab="nr launched",tlab="time")
        initialize()
        Launcher.nrLaunched=0
        for i in range(gui.params.nrLaunchers):
            lau=Launcher()
            activate(lau,lau.launch())
        simulate(until=gui.params.duration)
        gui.noRunYet=False
        gui.writeStatusLine("%s rockets launched in %.1f minutes"%
                            (Launcher.nrLaunched,now()))

    class MyGUI(SimGUI):
        def __init__(self,win,**par):
            SimGUI.__init__(self,win,**par)
            self.run.add_command(label="Start fireworks",
                                 command=model,underline=0)
            self.params=Parameters(duration=2000,maxFlightTime=11.7,nrLaunchers=3)
            
    root=Tk()
    gui=MyGUI(root,title="RocketGUI",doc=__doc__,consoleHeight=40)
    gui.mainloop()
    

It produces the following output when the model run command is selected:

.. image:: images/GUIdemo.png

class MyGUI adds one menu item under the Run menu. It also defines three parameters
(duration, maxFlighTime and nrLaunchers) with their initial values which the user can 
change interactively before each run. The MyGUI instance named gui sets the
window title, the model description (the __doc__ string) and the height of the
output window.

The simulation part of the program writes to the output console and to the status line. 

The model uses a Monitor for keeping track of the number of rockets launched over
time. Because it is made an attribute of the MyGUI instance, the super class 
(SimGUI) can output the Monitor after a run. This requires no application code.
When the menu item 'Collected data' under the View menu is selected, this 
results in:

.. image:: images/GUIdemoMoni.png

The SimGUI API
===============

Structure
---------
The SimGUI module exposes the following API to the applications programmer::

	class SimGUI(object) 
		def __init__
			self.doc = doc
			self.noRunYet=True
			self.top = Menu
			self.file = Menu
			self.edit = Menu
			self.run = Menu
			self.view = Menu
			self.help = Menu
		def makeFileMenu
		def makeEditMenu
		def makeRunMenu
		def makeViewMenu
		def makeHelpMenu
		def writeConsole     
		def saveConsole
		def clearConsole 
		def writeStatusLine  		
		def about
		def notdone
		def showTextBox 
		def mainloop  
		
	class Parameters
		def __init__
		def show


**class SimGUI, __init__ constructor**
--------------------------------------
Encapsulates the SimGUI functionality.

Call:
	**<variable>.SimGUI(win[,optional parameters])**
	
Mandatory parameters:
	- **win** : the master widget in which the SimGUI widgets are embedded
	 
Optional parameters:
	- **title=SimGUI** : the title of the top level window (string)
	- **doc=None** : the model description (string)
	- **consoleHeight=50** : the height of the output console in lines (positive integer)

Return value:
	Returns a reference to the SimGUI instance.
	
**SimGUI instance fields**
---------------------------------------------------
In addition to the constructor parameters, the SimGUI fields of interest 
to the applications programmer are:

	- **self.noRunYet=True** : a predicate indicating whether the model has been run yet; must be set to True after each model run; should be tested by application program before any run-dependent output is produced (boolean)
	- **self.top = Menu** : the top level menu widget (menu bar)
	- **self.file = Menu** : the 'File' menu widger
	- **self.edit = Menu** : the 'Edit' menu widget
	- **self.run = Menu** : the 'Run' menu widget
	- **self.view = Menu** : the 'View' menu widget
	- **self.help = Menu** : the 'Help' menu widget

**Adding menu items**
----------------------
Menu items can be added to SimGUI submenus by:

	**<menufield>.add_command(label= <string,command=<callable>, underline=<integer>)**
	
E.g. *self.run.add_command(label="Start fireworks",command=model,underline=0)*. This is all
standard Tk/Tkinter syntax -- read any Tk/Tkinter manual or book.

**Changing menus**
--------------------
Any of the submenus provided by SimGUI can be replaced by overloading one or
more of the methods **makeFileMenu, makeEditMenu, makeRunMenu, makeViewMenu,
makeHelpMenu**. This is done by defining the methods to be overloaded in the SimGUI
subclass.

The overloading method should look like::

	def makeFileMenu():
		self.file = Menu(self.top)
		self.file.add_command(label='Save some results',
                              command=self.saveResults, underline=0)
		self.file.add_command(label='Get out of here',
                         command=self.win.quit,underline=0)
		self.top.add_cascade(label='File',menu=self.file,underline=0)
		
*Note: It is advisable to keep the basic the SimGUI menu structure in order
to maintain the SimGUI look-and-feel.*

**writeConsole**
----------------

Writes a string into the output console Text widget, with newline at end.

Call:

	**<SimGUI instance>.writeConsole(text)**

Mandatory parameters:
	None.

Optional parameters:
	- **text=''** : text to write (string)

Return value:
	None.

**saveConsole**
---------------
Saves output console to a text file which the user is prompted to name.

Call:
	**<SimGUI instance>.saveConsole()**
	
Mandatory parameters:
	None
	
Optional parameters:
	None
	
Return value:
	None
		
**clearConsole**
----------------
Clears output console.

Call:
	**<SimGUI instance>.clearConsole()**
	
Mandatory parameters:
	None
	
Optional parameters:
	None
	
Return value:
	None
	
**writeStatusLine**
--------------------
Writes a one-line string to the status line.

Call:

	**<SimGUI instance>.writeStatusLine(text)**

Mandatory parameters:
	None.

Optional parameters:
	- **text=''** : text to write (string, not longer than 80 character)

Return value:
	None.

**notdone**
-----------

Brings up a warning box staing that a feature is not implemented yet.
Useful during development of application.

Call:

	**<SimGUI instance>.notdone()**

Mandatory parameters:
	None.

Optional parameters:
	None.

Return value:
	None.

**showTextBox**
---------------
Pops up a text box (Text widget)with a text in it.

Call:

	**<SimGUI instance>.showTextBox(optional parameters)**

Mandatory parameters:
	None.

Optional parameters:
	- **title=''** : title of text box (string)
	- **text=''** : text to write (string)
	- **width=80** : width of box in characters (positive integer)
	- **height=10** : height of box in lines (positive integer)

Return value:
	None.
   
**mainloop**
------------
Starts up SimGUI execution.

Call:
	**<SimGUI instance>.mainloop()**

Mandatory parameters:
	None.

Optional parameters:
	None.
	
Return value:
	None
		
**class Parameters, __init__ constructor and adding parameters**
----------------------------------------------------------------
This class provides for interactive user changes of model parameters. Any user-input
is checked against the type of the original (default) value of the parameter.In this version,
parameters of type integer, floating point, text and list are supported. 
Boolean parameters can be implemented by using 0 for False and 1 for True.

Example:
	gui.params=Parameters(endtime=2000,
	numberCustomers=50,
	interval=10.0,
	trace=0)
	
	This results in parameters gui.params.numberCustomers, gui.params.interval and gui.params.trace.

Call:
	**<SimGUI instance>.params=Parameters(par)** (constructor)
	**<SimGUI instance>.params.<name>=<value>** (adding parameters)
	
Mandatory parameters:
	- **par** : one or more pairs *<name>=<value>*, separated by commas. <value> must be one of the four types supported.
	
	- **<name>** : the parameter name (any legal Python identifier)
	
	- **<value>** : the parameter's initial value (must be one of the four types supported, i.e. integer/boolean, floating point, text and list)
Optional parameters:
	None.
	
Return value:
	A Parameter instance.

**show**
--------
Returns the parameter name/value pairs of a Parameter instance in pretty-printed form
(one pair per line).

Call:
	**<Parameter instance>.show()**
	
Mandatory parameters:
	None.
	
Optional parameters:
	None.
	
Return value:
	A string with the name/value pairs separated by newline ('\n').
	
Miscellaneous SimGUI capabilities
=================================

**Source code listing**
-----------------------------
The 'Model code' item of the 'Help' submenu lists the application code
of a running SimGUI application by outputting the content of sys.argv[0].
No user programming is required for this.

**Automatic display of Monitor instances**
----------------------------------------------
After a model run, any Monitor instance which is referred to by a SimGUI (sub)class instance
is shown in the output console by the 'Collected data' item on the 'View'
submenu. Just e.g. **gui.waitMon=Monitor("Waiting times")**, where gui refers to
a SimGUI (sub)class instance, is enough to facilitate this.

	
$Revision: 297 $ $Date: 2009-03-30 15:24:46 +0200 (Mo, 30 Mrz 2009) $ kgm
