► |  | Guide: Racket

1 | Welcome to Racket
2 | Racket Essentials
3 | Built-In Datatypes
4 | Expressions and Definitions
5 | Programmer-Defined Datatypes
6 | Modules
7 | Contracts
8 | Input and Output
9 | Regular Expressions
10 | Exceptions and Control
11 | Iterations and Comprehensions
12 | Pattern Matching
13 | Classes and Objects
14 | Units (Components)
15 | Reflection and Dynamic Evaluation
16 | Macros
17 | Creating Languages
18 | Performance
19 | Running and Creating Executables
20 | Compilation and Configuration
21 | More Libraries
22 | Dialects of Racket and Scheme
| Bibliography
| Index

► | 16 | Macros

16.1 | Pattern-Based Macros
16.2 | General Macro Transformers

▼ | 16.2 | General Macro Transformers

16.2.1 | Syntax Objects
16.2.2 | Mixing Patterns and Expressions: syntax-case
16.2.3 | with-syntax and generate-temporaries
16.2.4 | Compile and Run-Time Phases
16.2.5 | Syntax Certificates

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##### 16.2.3`` with-syntax and generate-temporaries

Since syntax-case lets us compute with arbitrary Racket expression, we can more simply solve a problem that we had in writing define-for-cbr (see Extended Example: Call-by-Reference Functions), where we needed to generate a set of names based on a sequence id ...:

( define-syntax (define-for-cbr stx)
( syntax-case stx ()
[( _ do-f (id ... ) body)
....
#'( define (do-f get ... put ... )
(define-get/put-id id get put) ...
body) ....]))

> > > This example uses ( define-syntax (id arg) body ...+), which is equivalent to ( define-syntax id ( lambda (arg) body ...+)).

In place of the ....s above, we need to bind get ... and put ... to lists of generated identifiers. We cannot use let to bind get and put, because we need bindings that count as pattern variables, instead of normal local variables. The with-syntax form lets us bind pattern variables:

( define-syntax (define-for-cbr stx)
( syntax-case stx ()
[( _ do-f (id ... ) body)
( with-syntax ([(get ... ) ....]
[(put ... ) ....])
#'( define (do-f get ... put ... )
(define-get/put-id id get put) ...
body))]))

Now we need an expression in place of .... that generates as many identifiers as there are id matches in the original pattern. Since this is a common task, Racket provides a helper function, generate-temporaries, that takes a sequece of identifiers and returns a sequence of generated identifiers:

( define-syntax (define-for-cbr stx)
( syntax-case stx ()
[( _ do-f (id ... ) body)
( with-syntax ([(get ... ) ( generate-temporaries #'(id ... ))]
[(put ... ) ( generate-temporaries #'(id ... ))])
#'( define (do-f get ... put ... )
(define-get/put-id id get put) ...
body))]))

This way of generating identifiers is normally easier to think about than tricking the macro expander into generating names with purely pattern-based macros.

In general, the right-hand side of a with-syntax binding is a pattern, just like in syntax-case. In fact, a with-syntax form is just a syntax-case form turned partially inside-out.

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