org.codehaus.groovy.runtime

## Class DefaultGroovyMethods

- java.lang.Object
- - org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.DefaultGroovyMethodsSupport
  - - org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.DefaultGroovyMethods

    public class DefaultGroovyMethods
    extends DefaultGroovyMethodsSupport

This class defines new groovy methods which appear on normal JDK classes inside the Groovy environment. Static methods are used with the first parameter being the destination class, i.e. `public static String reverse(String self)` provides a `reverse()` method for `String`.

NOTE: While this class contains many 'public' static methods, it is primarily regarded as an internal class (its internal package name suggests this also). We value backwards compatibility of these methods when used within Groovy but value less backwards compatibility at the Java method call level. I.e. future versions of Groovy may remove or move a method call in this file but would normally aim to keep the method available from within Groovy.

Author:
  James Strachan, Jeremy Rayner, Sam Pullara, Rod Cope, Guillaume Laforge, John Wilson, Hein Meling, Dierk Koenig, Pilho Kim, Marc Guillemot, Russel Winder, bing ran, Jochen Theodorou, Paul King, Michael Baehr, Joachim Baumann, Alex Tkachman, Ted Naleid, Brad Long, Jim Jagielski, Rodolfo Velasco, jeremi Joslin

### Nested Class Summary

### Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.DefaultGroovyMethodsSupport

`DefaultGroovyMethodsSupport.RangeInfo`

### Field Summary

Fields
`static Class[]` `additionals`

### Constructor Summary

Constructors
Constructor and Description
`DefaultGroovyMethods()`

### Method Summary

Methods
`static double` `abs(Double number)` Get the absolute value
`static float` `abs(Float number)` Get the absolute value
`static long` `abs(Long number)` Get the absolute value
`static int` `abs(Number number)` Get the absolute value
`static Socket` `accept(ServerSocket serverSocket, boolean runInANewThread, Closure closure)` Accepts a connection and passes the resulting Socket to the closure which runs in a new Thread or the calling thread, as needed.
`static Socket` `accept(ServerSocket serverSocket, Closure closure)` Accepts a connection and passes the resulting Socket to the closure which runs in a new Thread.
`static <T> boolean` `addAll(Collection<T> self, T[] items)` Adds all of the elements in the specified array to this collection.
`static <T> boolean` `addAll(List<T> self, int index, T[] items)` Inserts all of the elements in the specified array into this list at the specified position.
`static void` `addShutdownHook(Object self, Closure closure)` Allows the usage of addShutdownHook without getting the runtime first.
`static BitSet` `and(BitSet left, BitSet right)` Bitwise AND together two BitSets.
`static Boolean` `and(Boolean left, Boolean right)` Logical conjunction of two boolean operators.
`static Number` `and(Number left, Number right)` Bitwise AND together two Numbers.
`static <K,V> boolean` `any(Map<K,V> self, Closure closure)` Iterates over the entries of a map, and checks whether a predicate is valid for at least one entry.
`static boolean` `any(Object self)` Iterates over the elements of a collection, and checks whether at least one element is true according to the Groovy Truth.
`static boolean` `any(Object self, Closure closure)` Iterates over the contents of an object or collection, and checks whether a predicate is valid for at least one element.
`static void` `append(File file, byte[] bytes)` Append bytes to the end of a File.
`static void` `append(File self, InputStream stream)` Append binary data to the file.
`static void` `append(File file, Object text)` Append the text at the end of the File.
`static void` `append(File file, Object text, String charset)` Append the text at the end of the File, using a specified encoding.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(Boolean bool)` Coerce an Boolean instance to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(boolean[] array)` Coerces a boolean array to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(byte[] array)` Coerces a byte array to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(char[] array)` Coerces a char array to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(Character character)` Coerce a character to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(CharSequence string)` Coerce a string (an instance of CharSequence) to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(Collection collection)` Coerce a collection instance to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(double[] array)` Coerces a double array to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(Enumeration enumeration)` Coerce an enumeration instance to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(float[] array)` Coerces a float array to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(GroovyResultSet grs)` Deprecated. use SqlGroovyMethods#asBoolean(GroovyResultSet)
`static boolean` `asBoolean(int[] array)` Coerces an int array to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(Iterator iterator)` Coerce an iterator instance to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(long[] array)` Coerces a long array to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(Map map)` Coerce a map instance to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(Matcher matcher)` Coerce a Matcher instance to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(Number number)` Coerce a number to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(Object object)` Coerce an object instance to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(Object[] array)` Coerce an Object array to a boolean value.
`static boolean` `asBoolean(short[] array)` Coerces a short array to a boolean value.
`static <T> Collection<T>` `asImmutable(Collection<? extends T> self)` A convenience method for creating an immutable Collection.
`static <T> List<T>` `asImmutable(List<? extends T> self)` A convenience method for creating an immutable list
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `asImmutable(Map<? extends K,? extends V> self)` A convenience method for creating an immutable map.
`static <T> Set<T>` `asImmutable(Set<? extends T> self)` A convenience method for creating an immutable list.
`static <K,V> SortedMap<K,V>` `asImmutable(SortedMap<K,? extends V> self)` A convenience method for creating an immutable sorted map.
`static <T> SortedSet<T>` `asImmutable(SortedSet<T> self)` A convenience method for creating an immutable sorted set.
`static <T> List<T>` `asList(Collection<T> self)` Converts this Collection to a List.
`static <T> Collection<T>` `asSynchronized(Collection<T> self)` A convenience method for creating a synchronized Collection.
`static <T> List<T>` `asSynchronized(List<T> self)` A convenience method for creating a synchronized List.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `asSynchronized(Map<K,V> self)` A convenience method for creating a synchronized Map.
`static <T> Set<T>` `asSynchronized(Set<T> self)` A convenience method for creating a synchronized Set.
`static <K,V> SortedMap<K,V>` `asSynchronized(SortedMap<K,V> self)` A convenience method for creating a synchronized SortedMap.
`static <T> SortedSet<T>` `asSynchronized(SortedSet<T> self)` A convenience method for creating a synchronized SortedSet.
`static Object` `asType(Closure cl, Class clazz)` Coerces the closure to an implementation of the given class.
`static Object` `asType(Collection col, Class clazz)` Converts the given collection to another type.
`static Object` `asType(File f, Class c)` Converts this File to a `Writable` or delegates to default `asType(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Class)`.
`static Object` `asType(GString self, Class c)` Converts the GString to a File, or delegates to the default `asType(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Class)`
`static Object` `asType(Map map, Class clazz)` Coerces this map to the given type, using the map's keys as the public method names, and values as the implementation.
`static Object` `asType(Number self, Class c)` Transform this number to a the given type, using the 'as' operator.
`static Object` `asType(Object[] ary, Class clazz)` Converts the given array to either a List, Set, or SortedSet.
`static Object` `asType(Object obj, Class type)` Converts a given object to a type.
`static Object` `asType(String self, Class c)` Provides a method to perform custom 'dynamic' type conversion to the given class using the `as` operator.
`static File` `asWritable(File file)` Converts this File to a `Writable`.
`static File` `asWritable(File file, String encoding)` Allows a file to return a Writable implementation that can output itself to a Writer stream.
`static BitSet` `bitwiseNegate(BitSet self)` Bitwise NEGATE a BitSet.
`static Pattern` `bitwiseNegate(String self)` Turns a String into a regular expression Pattern
`protected static Object` `callClosureForLine(Closure closure, String line, int counter)`
`protected static Object` `callClosureForMapEntry(Closure closure, Map.Entry entry)`
`protected static Object` `callClosureForMapEntryAndCounter(Closure closure, Map.Entry entry, int counter)`
`static String` `capitalize(String self)` Convenience method to capitalize the first letter of a string (typically the first letter of a word).
`static String` `center(String self, Number numberOfChars)` Pad a String to a minimum length specified by `numberOfChars` by adding the space character around it as many times as needed so that it remains centered.
`static String` `center(String self, Number numberOfChars, String padding)` Pad a String to a minimum length specified by `numberOfChars`, appending the supplied padding String around the original as many times as needed keeping it centered.
`static void` `clearTime(Calendar self)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.clearTime(java.util.Calendar)`
`static void` `clearTime(Date self)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.clearTime(java.util.Date)`
`static void` `clearTime(Date self)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.clearTime(java.sql.Date)`
`static List` `collect(Collection self, Closure closure)` Iterates through this collection transforming each entry into a new value using the closure as a transformer, returning a list of transformed values.
`static Collection` `collect(Collection self, Collection collection, Closure closure)` Iterates through this collection transforming each value into a new value using the closure as a transformer, returning an initial collection plus the transformed values.
`static List` `collect(Map self, Closure closure)` Iterates through this Map transforming each entry into a new value using the closure as a transformer, returning a list of transformed values.
`static Collection` `collect(Map self, Collection collection, Closure closure)` Iterates through this Map transforming each entry into a new value using the closure as a transformer, returning a list of transformed values.
`static List` `collect(Object self, Closure closure)` Iterates through this object transforming each value into a new value using the closure as a transformer, returning a list of transformed values.
`static Collection` `collect(Object self, Collection collection, Closure closure)` Iterates through this object transforming each object into a new value using the closure as a transformer and adding it to the collection, returning the resulting collection.
`static List` `collectAll(Collection self, Closure closure)` Recursively iterates through this collection transforming each non-Collection value into a new value using the closure as a transformer.
`static Collection` `collectAll(Collection self, Collection collection, Closure closure)` Recursively iterates through this collection transforming each non-Collection value into a new value using the closure as a transformer.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `collectEntries(Collection<?> self, Closure closure)` Iterates through this Collection transforming each item using the closure as a transformer into a map entry, returning a map of the transformed entries.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `collectEntries(Collection<?> self, Map<K,V> result, Closure closure)` Iterates through this Collection transforming each item using the closure as a transformer into a map entry, returning a map of the transformed entries.
`static Map<?,?>` `collectEntries(Map<?,?> self, Closure closure)` Iterates through this Map transforming each entry using the closure as a transformer, returning a map of the transformed entries.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `collectEntries(Map<?,?> self, Map<K,V> result, Closure closure)` Iterates through this Map transforming each entry using the closure as a transformer, returning a map of the transformed entries.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `collectEntries(Object[] self, Closure closure)` Iterates through this array transforming each item using the closure as a transformer into a map entry, returning a map of the transformed entries.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `collectEntries(Object[] self, Map<K,V> result, Closure closure)` Iterates through this array transforming each item using the closure as a transformer into a map entry, returning a map of the transformed entries.
`static List` `combinations(Collection self)` Adds GroovyCollections#combinations(Collection) as a method on collections.
`static int` `compareTo(Character left, Character right)` Compare two Characters.
`static int` `compareTo(Character left, Number right)` Compare a Character and a Number.
`static int` `compareTo(Number left, Character right)` Compare a Number and a Character.
`static int` `compareTo(Number left, Number right)` Compare two Numbers.
`static Thread` `consumeProcessErrorStream(Process self, OutputStream err)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessErrorStream(Process, OutputStream)
`static Thread` `consumeProcessErrorStream(Process self, StringBuffer error)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessErrorStream(Process, Appendable)
`static Thread` `consumeProcessErrorStream(Process self, Writer err)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessErrorStream(Process, Appendable)
`static void` `consumeProcessOutput(Process self)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessOutput(Process)
`static void` `consumeProcessOutput(Process self, OutputStream output, OutputStream error)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessOutput(Process, OutputStream, OutputStream)
`static void` `consumeProcessOutput(Process self, StringBuffer output, StringBuffer error)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessOutput(Process, Appendable, Appendable)
`static Thread` `consumeProcessOutputStream(Process self, OutputStream output)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessOutputStream(Process, OutputStream)
`static Thread` `consumeProcessOutputStream(Process self, StringBuffer output)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessOutputStream(Process, Appendable)
`static Thread` `consumeProcessOutputStream(Process self, Writer output)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessOutputStream(Process, Appendable)
`static boolean` `contains(String self, String text)` Provide an implementation of contains() like `Collection.contains(java.lang.Object)` to make Strings more polymorphic.
`static boolean` `containsAll(Collection self, Object[] items)` Returns `true` if this collection contains all of the elements in the specified array.
`static Number` `count(boolean[] self, Object value)` Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array.
`static Number` `count(byte[] self, Object value)` Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array.
`static Number` `count(char[] self, Object value)` Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array.
`static Number` `count(Collection self, Object value)` Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this collection.
`static Number` `count(double[] self, Object value)` Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array.
`static Number` `count(float[] self, Object value)` Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array.
`static Number` `count(int[] self, Object value)` Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array.
`static Number` `count(Iterator self, Object value)` Counts the number of occurrences of the given value from the items within this Iterator.
`static Number` `count(long[] self, Object value)` Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array.
`static Number` `count(Object[] self, Object value)` Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array.
`static Number` `count(short[] self, Object value)` Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array.
`static int` `count(String self, String text)` Count the number of occurencies of a substring.
`protected static StringBufferWriter` `createStringBufferWriter(StringBuffer self)`
`protected static StringWriter` `createStringWriter(String self)`
`static byte[]` `decodeBase64(String value)` Deprecated. moved to `EncodingGroovyMethods.decodeBase64(java.lang.String)`
`static boolean` `deleteDir(File self)` Deletes a directory with all contained files and subdirectories.
`static String` `denormalize(String self)` Return a String with lines (separated by LF, CR/LF, or CR) terminated by the platform specific line separator.
`static boolean` `disjoint(Collection left, Collection right)` Returns `true` if the intersection of two collections is empty.
`static Number` `div(Character left, Character right)` Divide one Character by another.
`static Number` `div(Character left, Number right)` Divide a Character by a Number.
`static Number` `div(Number left, Character right)` Divide a Number by a Character.
`static void` `downto(BigDecimal self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.
`static void` `downto(BigInteger self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.
`static void` `downto(double self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.
`static void` `downto(Double self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.
`static void` `downto(float self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.
`static void` `downto(Float self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.
`static void` `downto(long self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.
`static void` `downto(Long self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.
`static void` `downto(Number self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.
`static String` `dump(Object self)` Generates a detailed dump string of an object showing its class, hashCode and fields.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `each(Map<K,V> self, Closure closure)` Allows a Map to be iterated through using a closure.
`static <T> T` `each(T self, Closure closure)` Iterates through an aggregate type or data structure, passing each item to the given closure.
`static void` `eachByte(byte[] self, Closure closure)` Traverse through each byte of this byte array.
`static void` `eachByte(Byte[] self, Closure closure)` Traverse through each byte of this Byte array.
`static void` `eachByte(File self, Closure closure)` Traverse through each byte of this File
`static void` `eachByte(File self, int bufferLen, Closure closure)` Traverse through the bytes of this File, bufferLen bytes at a time.
`static void` `eachByte(InputStream is, Closure closure)` Traverse through each byte of the specified stream.
`static void` `eachByte(InputStream is, int bufferLen, Closure closure)` Traverse through each the specified stream reading bytes into a buffer and calling the 2 parameter closure with this buffer and the number of bytes.
`static void` `eachByte(URL url, Closure closure)` Reads the InputStream from this URL, passing each byte to the given closure.
`static void` `eachByte(URL url, int bufferLen, Closure closure)` Reads the InputStream from this URL, passing a byte[] and a number of bytes to the given closure.
`static void` `eachDir(File self, Closure closure)` Invokes the closure for each subdirectory in this directory, ignoring regular files.
`static void` `eachDirMatch(File self, Object nameFilter, Closure closure)` Invokes the closure for each subdirectory whose name (dir.name) matches the given nameFilter in the given directory - calling the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method to determine if a match occurs.
`static void` `eachDirRecurse(File self, Closure closure)` Invokes the closure for each descendant directory of this directory.
`static void` `eachFile(File self, Closure closure)` Invokes the closure for each 'child' file in this 'parent' folder/directory.
`static void` `eachFile(File self, FileType fileType, Closure closure)` Invokes the closure for each 'child' file in this 'parent' folder/directory.
`static void` `eachFileMatch(File self, FileType fileType, Object nameFilter, Closure closure)` Invokes the closure for each file whose name (file.name) matches the given nameFilter in the given directory - calling the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method to determine if a match occurs.
`static void` `eachFileMatch(File self, Object nameFilter, Closure closure)` Invokes the closure for each file whose name (file.name) matches the given nameFilter in the given directory - calling the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method to determine if a match occurs.
`static void` `eachFileRecurse(File self, Closure closure)` Invokes the closure for each descendant file in this directory.
`static void` `eachFileRecurse(File self, FileType fileType, Closure closure)` Invokes the closure for each descendant file in this directory.
`static Object` `eachLine(File self, Closure closure)` Iterates through this file line by line.
`static Object` `eachLine(File self, int firstLine, Closure closure)` Iterates through this file line by line.
`static Object` `eachLine(File self, String charset, Closure closure)` Iterates through this file line by line.
`static Object` `eachLine(File self, String charset, int firstLine, Closure closure)` Iterates through this file line by line.
`static Object` `eachLine(InputStream stream, Closure closure)` Iterates through this stream, passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure.
`static Object` `eachLine(InputStream stream, int firstLine, Closure closure)` Iterates through this stream, passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure.
`static Object` `eachLine(InputStream stream, String charset, Closure closure)` Iterates through this stream reading with the provided charset, passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure.
`static Object` `eachLine(InputStream stream, String charset, int firstLine, Closure closure)` Iterates through this stream reading with the provided charset, passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure.
`static Object` `eachLine(Reader self, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given reader line by line.
`static Object` `eachLine(Reader self, int firstLine, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given reader line by line.
`static Object` `eachLine(String self, Closure closure)` Iterates through this String line by line.
`static Object` `eachLine(String self, int firstLine, Closure closure)` Iterates through this String line by line.
`static Object` `eachLine(URL url, Closure closure)` Iterates through the lines read from the URL's associated input stream passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure.
`static Object` `eachLine(URL url, int firstLine, Closure closure)` Iterates through the lines read from the URL's associated input stream passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure.
`static Object` `eachLine(URL url, String charset, Closure closure)` Iterates through the lines read from the URL's associated input stream passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure.
`static Object` `eachLine(URL url, String charset, int firstLine, Closure closure)` Iterates through the lines read from the URL's associated input stream passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure.
`static String` `eachMatch(String self, Pattern pattern, Closure closure)` Process each regex group matched substring of the given pattern.
`static String` `eachMatch(String self, String regex, Closure closure)` Process each regex group matched substring of the given string.
`static void` `eachObject(File self, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given file object by object.
`static void` `eachObject(ObjectInputStream ois, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given object stream object by object.
`static <T> Iterator<List<T>>` `eachPermutation(Collection<T> self, Closure closure)` Iterates over all permutations of a collection, running a closure for each iteration.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `eachWithIndex(Map<K,V> self, Closure closure)` Allows a Map to be iterated through using a closure.
`static Object` `eachWithIndex(Object self, Closure closure)` Iterates through an aggregate type or data structure, passing each item and the item's index (a counter starting at zero) to the given closure.
`static Writable` `encodeBase64(byte[] data)` Deprecated. moved to `EncodingGroovyMethods.encodeBase64(byte[])`
`static Writable` `encodeBase64(Byte[] data)` Deprecated. moved to `EncodingGroovyMethods.encodeBase64(java.lang.Byte[])`
`static Writable` `encodeBase64(byte[] data, boolean chunked)` Deprecated. moved to `EncodingGroovyMethods.encodeBase64(byte[], boolean)`
`static Writable` `encodeBase64(Byte[] data, boolean chunked)` Deprecated. moved to `EncodingGroovyMethods.encodeBase64(java.lang.Byte[], boolean)`
`static boolean` `equals(int[] left, int[] right)` Compare the contents of this array to the contents of the given array.
`static boolean` `equals(List left, List right)` Compare the contents of two Lists.
`static boolean` `equals(List left, Object[] right)` Determines if the contents of this list are equal to the contents of the given array in the same order.
`static boolean` `equals(Object[] left, List right)` Determines if the contents of this array are equal to the contents of the given list, in the same order.
`static <K,V> boolean` `every(Map<K,V> self, Closure closure)` Iterates over the entries of a map, and checks whether a predicate is valid for all entries.
`static boolean` `every(Object self)` Iterates over every element of a collection, and checks whether all elements are `true` according to the Groovy Truth.
`static boolean` `every(Object self, Closure closure)` Used to determine if the given predicate closure is valid (i.e.
`static Process` `execute(List commands)` Executes the command specified by the given list.
`static Process` `execute(List commands, List envp, File dir)` Executes the command specified by the given list, with the environment defined by `envp` and under the working directory `dir`.
`static Process` `execute(List commands, String[] envp, File dir)` Executes the command specified by the given list, with the environment defined by `envp` and under the working directory `dir`.
`static Process` `execute(String self)` Executes the command specified by `self` as a command-line process.
`static Process` `execute(String[] commandArray)` Executes the command specified by the given `String` array.
`static Process` `execute(String[] commandArray, List envp, File dir)` Executes the command specified by the `String` array given in the first parameter, with the environment defined by `envp` and under the working directory `dir`.
`static Process` `execute(String[] commandArray, String[] envp, File dir)` Executes the command specified by the `String` array given in the first parameter, with the environment defined by `envp` and under the working directory `dir`.
`static Process` `execute(String self, List envp, File dir)` Executes the command specified by `self` with environment defined by `envp` and under the working directory `dir`.
`static Process` `execute(String self, String[] envp, File dir)` Executes the command specified by `self` with environment defined by `envp` and under the working directory `dir`.
`static String` `expand(String self)` Expands all tabs into spaces with tabStops of size 8.
`static String` `expand(String self, int tabStop)` Expands all tabs into spaces.
`static String` `expandLine(String self, int tabStop)` Expands all tabs into spaces.
`static Writable` `filterLine(File self, Closure closure)` Filters the lines of a File and creates a Writeable in return to stream the filtered lines.
`static Writable` `filterLine(File self, String charset, Closure closure)` Filters the lines of a File and creates a Writeable in return to stream the filtered lines.
`static void` `filterLine(File self, Writer writer, Closure closure)` Filter the lines from this File, and write them to the given writer based on the given closure predicate.
`static void` `filterLine(File self, Writer writer, String charset, Closure closure)` Filter the lines from this File, and write them to the given writer based on the given closure predicate.
`static Writable` `filterLine(InputStream self, Closure predicate)` Filter lines from an input stream using a closure predicate.
`static Writable` `filterLine(InputStream self, String charset, Closure predicate)` Filter lines from an input stream using a closure predicate.
`static void` `filterLine(InputStream self, Writer writer, Closure predicate)` Uses a closure to filter lines from this InputStream and pass them to the given writer.
`static void` `filterLine(InputStream self, Writer writer, String charset, Closure predicate)` Uses a closure to filter lines from this InputStream and pass them to the given writer.
`static Writable` `filterLine(Reader reader, Closure closure)` Filter the lines from this Reader, and return a Writable which can be used to stream the filtered lines to a destination.
`static void` `filterLine(Reader reader, Writer writer, Closure closure)` Filter the lines from a reader and write them on the writer, according to a closure which returns true if the line should be included.
`static Writable` `filterLine(URL self, Closure predicate)` Filter lines from a URL using a closure predicate.
`static Writable` `filterLine(URL self, String charset, Closure predicate)` Filter lines from a URL using a closure predicate.
`static void` `filterLine(URL self, Writer writer, Closure predicate)` Uses a closure to filter lines from this URL and pass them to the given writer.
`static void` `filterLine(URL self, Writer writer, String charset, Closure predicate)` Uses a closure to filter lines from this URL and pass them to the given writer.
`static <T> T` `find(Collection<T> self, Closure closure)` Finds the first value matching the closure condition.
`static <K,V> Map.Entry<K,V>` `find(Map<K,V> self, Closure closure)` Finds the first entry matching the closure condition.
`static Object` `find(Object self, Closure closure)` Finds the first value matching the closure condition
`static String` `find(String self, Pattern pattern)` Finds the first occurrence of a compiled regular expression Pattern within a String.
`static String` `find(String self, Pattern pattern, Closure closure)` Finds the first occurrence of a compiled regular expression Pattern within a String.
`static String` `find(String self, String regex)` Finds the first occurrence of a regular expression String within a String.
`static String` `find(String self, String regex, Closure closure)` Finds the first occurrence of a regular expression String within a String.
`static <T> Collection<T>` `findAll(Collection<T> self, Closure closure)` Finds all values matching the closure condition.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `findAll(Map<K,V> self, Closure closure)` Finds all entries matching the closure condition.
`static Collection` `findAll(Object self, Closure closure)` Finds all items matching the closure condition.
`static List` `findAll(String self, Pattern pattern)` Finds all occurrences of a regular expression Pattern within a String.
`static List` `findAll(String self, Pattern pattern, Closure closure)` Finds all occurrences of a compiled regular expression Pattern within a String.
`static List` `findAll(String self, String regex)` Finds all occurrences of a regular expression string within a String.
`static List` `findAll(String self, String regex, Closure closure)` Finds all occurrences of a regular expression string within a String.
`static int` `findIndexOf(Object self, Closure closure)` Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items and returns the index of the first item that matches the condition specified in the closure.
`static int` `findIndexOf(Object self, int startIndex, Closure closure)` Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items, starting from a specified startIndex, and returns the index of the first item that matches the condition specified in the closure.
`static List<Number>` `findIndexValues(Object self, Closure closure)` Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items and returns the index values of the items that match the condition specified in the closure.
`static List<Number>` `findIndexValues(Object self, Number startIndex, Closure closure)` Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items, starting from a specified startIndex, and returns the index values of the items that match the condition specified in the closure.
`static int` `findLastIndexOf(Object self, Closure closure)` Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items and returns the index of the last item that matches the condition specified in the closure.
`static int` `findLastIndexOf(Object self, int startIndex, Closure closure)` Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items, starting from a specified startIndex, and returns the index of the last item that matches the condition specified in the closure.
`static <T> Object` `findResult(Collection<T> self, Closure closure)` Iterates through the object and returns the first non-null result from the closure.
`static <T> Object` `findResult(Collection<T> self, Object defaultResult, Closure closure)` Iterates through the object and returns the first non-null result from the closure, if all are null, it returns the defaultResult.
`static <K,V> Object` `findResult(Map<K,V> self, Closure closure)` Returns the first non-null closure result by passing each map entry to the closure.
`static <K,V> Object` `findResult(Map<K,V> self, Object defaultResult, Closure closure)` Returns the first non-null closure result by passing each map entry to the closure, otherwise it returns the defaultResult.
`static Object` `findResult(Object self, Closure closure)` Iterates through the object and returns the first non-null result from the closure
`static Object` `findResult(Object self, Object defaultResult, Closure closure)` Iterates through the object and returns the first non-null result from the closure, otherwise returns the defaultResult
`static <T> T` `first(List<T> self)` Returns the first item from the List.
`static <T> T` `first(T[] self)` Returns the first item from the Object array.
`static Collection` `flatten(boolean[] self)` Flatten an array.
`static Collection` `flatten(byte[] self)` Flatten an array.
`static Collection` `flatten(char[] self)` Flatten an array.
`static Collection` `flatten(Collection self)` Flatten a collection.
`static Collection` `flatten(Collection self, Closure flattenUsing)` Flatten a collection.
`static Collection` `flatten(double[] self)` Flatten an array.
`static Collection` `flatten(float[] self)` Flatten an array.
`static Collection` `flatten(int[] self)` Flatten an array.
`static Collection` `flatten(long[] self)` Flatten an array.
`static Collection` `flatten(Object[] self)` Flatten an array.
`static Collection` `flatten(short[] self)` Flatten an array.
`static String` `format(Calendar self, String pattern)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.format(java.util.Calendar, java.lang.String)`
`static String` `format(Date self, String format)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.format(java.util.Date, java.lang.String)`
`static <K,V> V` `get(Map<K,V> map, K key, V defaultValue)` Looks up an item in a Map for the given key and returns the value - unless there is no entry for the given key in which case add the default value to the map and return that.
`static boolean` `getAt(BitSet self, int index)` Support the subscript operator for a Bitset
`static BitSet` `getAt(BitSet self, IntRange range)` Support retrieving a subset of a BitSet using a Range
`static List<Boolean>` `getAt(boolean[] array, Collection indices)` Support the subscript operator with a collection for a boolean array
`static List<Boolean>` `getAt(boolean[] array, IntRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a boolean array
`static List<Boolean>` `getAt(boolean[] array, ObjectRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a byte array
`static List<Boolean>` `getAt(boolean[] array, Range range)` Support the subscript operator with a range for a boolean array
`static List<Byte>` `getAt(byte[] array, Collection indices)` Support the subscript operator with a collection for a byte array
`static List<Byte>` `getAt(byte[] array, IntRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a byte array
`static List<Byte>` `getAt(byte[] array, ObjectRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a byte array
`static List<Byte>` `getAt(byte[] array, Range range)` Support the subscript operator with a range for a byte array
`static List<Character>` `getAt(char[] array, Collection indices)` Support the subscript operator with a collection for a char array
`static List<Character>` `getAt(char[] array, IntRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a char array
`static List<Character>` `getAt(char[] array, ObjectRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a char array
`static List<Character>` `getAt(char[] array, Range range)` Support the subscript operator with a range for a char array
`static CharSequence` `getAt(CharSequence self, Collection indices)` Select a List of characters from a CharSequence using a Collection to identify the indices to be selected.
`static CharSequence` `getAt(CharSequence text, EmptyRange range)` Support the range subscript operator for CharSequence or StringBuffer with EmptyRange
`static CharSequence` `getAt(CharSequence text, int index)` Support the subscript operator for CharSequence.
`static CharSequence` `getAt(CharSequence text, IntRange range)` Support the range subscript operator for CharSequence or StringBuffer with IntRange
`static CharSequence` `getAt(CharSequence text, Range range)` Support the range subscript operator for CharSequence

`static List`

`getAt(Collection coll, String property)`
Support the subscript operator for List

    assert [String, Long, Integer] == ["a",5L,2]["class"]

`static int` `getAt(Date self, int field)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.getAt(java.util.Date, int)`
`static List<Double>` `getAt(double[] array, Collection indices)` Support the subscript operator with a collection for a double array
`static List<Double>` `getAt(double[] array, IntRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a double array
`static List<Double>` `getAt(double[] array, ObjectRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a double array
`static List<Double>` `getAt(double[] array, Range range)` Support the subscript operator with a range for a double array
`static List<Float>` `getAt(float[] array, Collection indices)` Support the subscript operator with a collection for a float array
`static List<Float>` `getAt(float[] array, IntRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a float array
`static List<Float>` `getAt(float[] array, ObjectRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a float array
`static List<Float>` `getAt(float[] array, Range range)` Support the subscript operator with a range for a float array
`static List<Integer>` `getAt(int[] array, Collection indices)` Support the subscript operator with a collection for an int array
`static List<Integer>` `getAt(int[] array, IntRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for an int array
`static List<Integer>` `getAt(int[] array, ObjectRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for an int array
`static List<Integer>` `getAt(int[] array, Range range)` Support the subscript operator with a range for an int array
`static <T> T` `getAt(Iterator<T> self, int idx)` Support the subscript operator for an Iterator.
`static <T> List<T>` `getAt(List<T> self, Collection indices)` Select a List of items from a List using a Collection to identify the indices to be selected.

`static <T> List<T>`

`getAt(List<T> self, EmptyRange range)`
Support the range subscript operator for a List

    def list = [true, 1, 3.4]
     assert list[0..<0] == []

`static <T> T` `getAt(List<T> self, int idx)` Support the subscript operator for a List.

`static <T> List<T>`

`getAt(List<T> self, Range range)`
Support the range subscript operator for a List

    def list = [1, "a", 4.5, true]
     assert list[1..2] == ["a", 4.5]

`static List<Long>` `getAt(long[] array, Collection indices)` Support the subscript operator with a collection for a long array
`static List<Long>` `getAt(long[] array, IntRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a long array
`static List<Long>` `getAt(long[] array, ObjectRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a long array
`static List<Long>` `getAt(long[] array, Range range)` Support the subscript operator with a range for a long array
`static <K,V> V` `getAt(Map<K,V> self, K key)` Support the subscript operator for a Map.
`static List` `getAt(Matcher self, Collection indices)` Select a List of values from a Matcher using a Collection to identify the indices to be selected.
`static Object` `getAt(Matcher matcher, int idx)` Support the subscript operator, e.g.
`static Object` `getAt(Object self, String property)` Allows the subscript operator to be used to lookup dynamic property values.
`static List<Short>` `getAt(short[] array, Collection indices)` Support the subscript operator with a collection for a short array
`static List<Short>` `getAt(short[] array, IntRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a short array
`static List<Short>` `getAt(short[] array, ObjectRange range)` Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a short array
`static List<Short>` `getAt(short[] array, Range range)` Support the subscript operator with a range for a short array
`static String` `getAt(String self, Collection indices)` Select a List of characters from a String using a Collection to identify the indices to be selected.
`static String` `getAt(String text, EmptyRange range)` Support the range subscript operator for String with EmptyRange
`static String` `getAt(String text, int index)` Support the subscript operator for String.
`static String` `getAt(String text, IntRange range)` Support the range subscript operator for String with IntRange
`static String` `getAt(String text, Range range)` Support the range subscript operator for String
`static <T> List<T>` `getAt(T[] self, Collection indices)` Select a List of items from an Object array using a Collection to identify the indices to be selected.
`static <T> List<T>` `getAt(T[] array, EmptyRange range)`
`static <T> List<T>` `getAt(T[] array, IntRange range)`
`static <T> List<T>` `getAt(T[] array, ObjectRange range)`
`static <T> List<T>` `getAt(T[] array, Range range)` Support the range subscript operator for an Array
`static byte[]` `getBytes(File file)` Read the content of the File and returns it as a byte[].
`static byte[]` `getBytes(InputStream is)` Read the content of this InputStream and return it as a byte[].
`static byte[]` `getBytes(URL url)` Read the content of this URL and returns it as a byte[].
`static char[]` `getChars(String self)` Converts the given String into an array of characters.
`static int` `getCount(Matcher matcher)` Find the number of Strings matched to the given Matcher.
`static String` `getDateString(Date self)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.getDateString(java.util.Date)`
`static String` `getDateTimeString(Date self)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.getDateTimeString(java.util.Date)`
`static InputStream` `getErr(Process self)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#getErr(Process)
`static InputStream` `getIn(Process self)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#getIn(Process)
`static MetaClass` `getMetaClass(Class c)` Adds a "metaClass" property to all class objects so you can use the syntax `String.metaClass.myMethod = { println "foo" }`
`static MetaClass` `getMetaClass(GroovyObject obj)` Obtains a MetaClass for an object either from the registry or in the case of a GroovyObject from the object itself.
`static MetaClass` `getMetaClass(Object obj)` Obtains a MetaClass for an object either from the registry or in the case of a GroovyObject from the object itself.
`static List<PropertyValue>` `getMetaPropertyValues(Object self)` Retrieves the list of `MetaProperty` objects for 'self' and wraps it in a list of `PropertyValue` objects that additionally provide the value for each property of 'self'.
`static OutputStream` `getOut(Process self)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#getOut(Process)
`static Map` `getProperties(Object self)` Convenience method that calls `getMetaPropertyValues(java.lang.Object)`(self) and provides the data in form of simple key/value pairs, i.e.
`static ClassLoader` `getRootLoader(ClassLoader self)` Iterates through the classloader parents until it finds a loader with a class named "org.codehaus.groovy.tools.RootLoader".
`protected static List` `getSubList(List self, List splice)`
`static String` `getText(BufferedReader reader)` Read the content of the BufferedReader and return it as a String.
`static String` `getText(File file)` Read the content of the File and returns it as a String.
`static String` `getText(File file, String charset)` Read the content of the File using the specified encoding and return it as a String.
`static String` `getText(InputStream is)` Read the content of this InputStream and return it as a String.
`static String` `getText(InputStream is, String charset)` Read the content of this InputStream using specified charset and return it as a String.
`static String` `getText(Process self)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#getText(Process)
`static String` `getText(Reader reader)` Read the content of the Reader and return it as a String.
`static String` `getText(URL url)` Read the content of this URL and returns it as a String.
`static String` `getText(URL url, String charset)` Read the data from this URL and return it as a String.
`static String` `getTimeString(Date self)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.getTimeString(java.util.Date)`
`static Collection` `grep(Object self, Object filter)` Iterates over every element of the collection and returns each item that matches the given filter - calling the ``isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)`` method used by switch statements.
`protected static <T> void` `groupAnswer(Map<Object,List<T>> answer, T element, Object value)` Groups the current element according to the value
`static <T> Map<Object,List<T>>` `groupBy(Collection<T> self, Closure closure)` Sorts all collection members into groups determined by the supplied mapping closure.
`static <K,V> Map<Object,Map<K,V>>` `groupBy(Map<K,V> self, Closure closure)` Groups the members of a map into sub maps determined by the supplied mapping closure.
`static <K,V> Map<Object,List<Map.Entry<K,V>>>` `groupEntriesBy(Map<K,V> self, Closure closure)` Groups all map entries into groups determined by the supplied mapping closure.
`static boolean` `hasGroup(Matcher matcher)` Check whether a Matcher contains a group or not.
`static MetaProperty` `hasProperty(Object self, String name)` Returns true of the implementing MetaClass has a property of the given name Note that this method will only return true for realised properties and does not take into account implementation of getProperty or propertyMissing
`static <T> T` `head(List<T> self)` Returns the first item from the List.
`static <T> T` `head(T[] self)` Returns the first item from the Object array.
`static Object` `identity(Object self, Closure closure)` Allows the closure to be called for the object reference self synonym for 'with()'.
`static Object` `inject(Collection self, Object value, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given Collection, passing in the initial value to the 2-arg closure along with the first item.
`static Object` `inject(Iterator self, Object value, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given Iterator, passing in the initial value to the closure along with the first item.
`static Object` `inject(Object[] self, Object initialValue, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given array, passing in the initial value to the closure along with the first item.
`static Object` `inject(Object self, Object value, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given Object, passing in the initial value to the closure along with the first item.
`static String` `inspect(Object self)` Inspects returns the String that matches what would be typed into a terminal to create this object.
`static Number` `intdiv(Character left, Character right)` Integer Divide two Characters.
`static Number` `intdiv(Character left, Number right)` Integer Divide a Character by a Number.
`static Number` `intdiv(Number left, Character right)` Integer Divide a Number by a Character.
`static Number` `intdiv(Number left, Number right)` Integer Divide two Numbers.
`static <T> Collection<T>` `intersect(Collection<T> left, Collection<T> right)` Create a Collection composed of the intersection of both collections.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `intersect(Map<K,V> left, Map<K,V> right)` Create a Map composed of the intersection of both maps.
`static Object` `invokeMethod(Object object, String method, Object arguments)` Provide a dynamic method invocation method which can be overloaded in classes to implement dynamic proxies easily.
`static boolean` `is(Object self, Object other)` Identity check.
`static boolean` `isAllWhitespace(String self)` True if a String only contains whitespace characters.
`static boolean` `isBigDecimal(String self)` Determine if a String can be parsed into a BigDecimal.
`static boolean` `isBigInteger(String self)` Determine if a String can be parsed into a BigInteger.
`static boolean` `isCase(Class caseValue, Object switchValue)` Special 'Case' implementation for Class, which allows testing for a certain class in a switch statement.
`static boolean` `isCase(Collection caseValue, Object switchValue)` 'Case' implementation for collections which tests if the 'switch' operand is contained in any of the 'case' values.
`static boolean` `isCase(GString caseValue, Object switchValue)` 'Case' implementation for a GString, which simply calls the equivalet method for String.
`static boolean` `isCase(Map caseValue, Object switchValue)` 'Case' implementation for maps which tests the groovy truth value obtained using the 'switch' operand as key.
`static boolean` `isCase(Number caseValue, Number switchValue)` Special 'case' implementation for all numbers, which delegates to the `compareTo()` method for comparing numbers of different types.
`static boolean` `isCase(Object caseValue, Object switchValue)` Method for overloading the behavior of the 'case' method in switch statements.
`static boolean` `isCase(Pattern caseValue, Object switchValue)` 'Case' implementation for the `Pattern` class, which allows testing a String against a number of regular expressions.
`static boolean` `isCase(String caseValue, Object switchValue)` 'Case' implementation for a String, which uses String#equals(Object) in order to allow Strings to be used in switch statements.
`static boolean` `isDigit(Character self)` Determines if a character is a digit.
`static boolean` `isDouble(String self)` Determine if a String can be parsed into a Double.
`static boolean` `isFloat(String self)` Determine if a String can be parsed into a Float.
`static boolean` `isInteger(String self)` Determine if a String can be parsed into an Integer.
`static boolean` `isLetter(Character self)` Determines if a character is a letter.
`static boolean` `isLetterOrDigit(Character self)` Determines if a character is a letter or digit.
`static boolean` `isLong(String self)` Determine if a String can be parsed into a Long.
`static boolean` `isLowerCase(Character self)` Determine if a Character is lowercase.
`static boolean` `isNumber(String self)` Determine if a String can be parsed into a Number.
`static boolean` `isUpperCase(Character self)` Determine if a Character is uppercase.
`static boolean` `isWhitespace(Character self)` Determines if a character is a whitespace character.
`static Iterator<Byte>` `iterator(DataInputStream self)` Standard iterator for a data input stream which iterates through the stream content a Byte at a time.
`static <T> Iterator<T>` `iterator(Enumeration<T> enumeration)` Allows an Enumeration to behave like an Iterator.
`static Iterator` `iterator(File self)` Deprecated. use File#eachLine instead please
`static Iterator<Byte>` `iterator(InputStream self)` Standard iterator for a input stream which iterates through the stream content in a byte-based fashion.
`static <T> Iterator<T>` `iterator(Iterator<T> self)` An identity function for iterators, supporting 'duck-typing' when trying to get an iterator for each object within a collection, some of which may already be iterators.
`static Iterator` `iterator(Matcher matcher)` Returns an `Iterator` which traverses each match.
`static Iterator<Node>` `iterator(NodeList nodeList)` Deprecated. moved to `XmlGroovyMethods.iterator(org.w3c.dom.NodeList)`
`static Iterator` `iterator(Object o)` Attempts to create an Iterator for the given object by first converting it to a Collection.
`static Iterator<String>` `iterator(Reader self)` Creates an iterator which will traverse through the reader a line at a time.
`static <T> Iterator<T>` `iterator(T[] a)` Attempts to create an Iterator for the given object by first converting it to a Collection.
`static String` `join(Collection self, String separator)` Concatenates the `toString()` representation of each item in this collection, with the given String as a separator between each item.
`static String` `join(Iterator<Object> self, String separator)` Concatenates the `toString()` representation of each item from the iterator, with the given String as a separator between each item.
`static String` `join(Object[] self, String separator)` Concatenates the `toString()` representation of each items in this array, with the given String as a separator between each item.
`static <T> T` `last(List<T> self)` Returns the last item from the List.
`static <T> T` `last(T[] self)` Returns the last item from the Object array.
`static <T> BlockingQueue<T>` `leftShift(BlockingQueue<T> self, T value)` Overloads the left shift operator to provide an easy way to append objects to a BlockingQueue.
`static <T> Collection<T>` `leftShift(Collection<T> self, T value)` Overloads the left shift operator to provide an easy way to append objects to a Collection.
`static File` `leftShift(File file, byte[] bytes)` Write bytes to a File.
`static File` `leftShift(File file, InputStream data)` Append binary data to the file.
`static File` `leftShift(File file, Object text)` Write the text to the File.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `leftShift(Map<K,V> self, Map.Entry<K,V> entry)` Overloads the left shift operator to provide an easy way to append Map.Entry values to a Map.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `leftShift(Map<K,V> self, Map<K,V> other)` Overloads the left shift operator to provide an easy way to put one maps entries into another map.
`static Number` `leftShift(Number self, Number operand)` Implementation of the left shift operator for integral types.
`static void` `leftShift(ObjectOutputStream self, Object value)` Overloads the leftShift operator to add objects to an ObjectOutputStream.
`static OutputStream` `leftShift(OutputStream self, byte[] value)` Overloads the leftShift operator to provide an append mechanism to add bytes to a stream.
`static OutputStream` `leftShift(OutputStream self, InputStream in)` Pipe an InputStream into an OutputStream for efficient stream copying.
`static Writer` `leftShift(OutputStream self, Object value)` Overloads the leftShift operator to provide an append mechanism to add values to a stream.
`static OutputStream` `leftShift(Process self, byte[] value)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#leftShift(Process, byte[])
`static Writer` `leftShift(Process self, Object value)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#leftShift(Process, Object)
`static OutputStream` `leftShift(Socket self, byte[] value)` Overloads the left shift operator to provide an append mechanism to add bytes to the output stream of a socket
`static Writer` `leftShift(Socket self, Object value)` Overloads the left shift operator to provide an append mechanism to add things to the output stream of a socket
`static StringBuffer` `leftShift(StringBuffer self, Object value)` Overloads the left shift operator to provide an easy way to append multiple objects as string representations to a StringBuffer.
`static StringBuffer` `leftShift(String self, Object value)` Overloads the left shift operator to provide an easy way to append multiple objects as string representations to a String.
`static Writer` `leftShift(Writer self, Object value)` Overloads the left shift operator to provide a mechanism to append values to a writer.
`static boolean` `matches(String self, Pattern pattern)` Tells whether or not self matches the given compiled regular expression Pattern.
`static <T> T` `max(Collection<T> self)` Adds max() method to Collection objects.
`static <T> T` `max(Collection<T> self, Closure closure)` Selects an item in the collection having the maximum value as determined by the supplied closure.
`static <T> T` `max(Collection<T> self, Comparator<T> comparator)` Selects the maximum value found in the collection using the given comparator.
`static <T> T` `max(Iterator<T> self)` Adds max() method to Iterator objects.
`static <T> T` `max(Iterator<T> self, Closure closure)` Selects the maximum value found from the Iterator using the closure to determine the correct ordering.
`static <T> T` `max(Iterator<T> self, Comparator<T> comparator)` Selects the maximum value found from the Iterator using the given comparator.
`static <K,V> Map.Entry<K,V>` `max(Map<K,V> self, Closure closure)` Selects an entry in the map having the maximum calculated value as determined by the supplied closure.
`static <T> T` `max(T[] self)` Adds max() method to Object arrays.
`static <T> T` `max(T[] self, Closure closure)` Selects the maximum value found from the Object array using the closure to determine the correct ordering.
`static <T> T` `max(T[] self, Comparator<T> comparator)` Selects the maximum value found from the Object array using the given comparator.
`static MetaClass` `metaClass(Class self, Closure closure)` Sets/updates the metaclass for a given class to a closure.
`static MetaClass` `metaClass(Object self, Closure closure)` Sets/updates the metaclass for a given object to a closure.
`static <T> T` `min(Collection<T> self)` Adds min() method to Collection objects.
`static <T> T` `min(Collection<T> self, Closure closure)` Selects an item in the collection having the minimum value as determined by the supplied closure.
`static <T> T` `min(Collection<T> self, Comparator<T> comparator)` Selects the minimum value found in the collection using the given comparator.
`static <T> T` `min(Iterator<T> self)` Adds min() method to Iterator objects.
`static <T> T` `min(Iterator<T> self, Closure closure)` Selects the minimum value found from the Iterator using the closure to determine the correct ordering.
`static <T> T` `min(Iterator<T> self, Comparator<T> comparator)` Selects the minimum value found from the Iterator using the given comparator.
`static <K,V> Map.Entry<K,V>` `min(Map<K,V> self, Closure closure)` Selects an entry in the map having the minimum calculated value as determined by the supplied closure.
`static <T> T` `min(T[] self)` Adds min() method to Object arrays.
`static <T> T` `min(T[] self, Closure closure)` Selects the minimum value found from the Object array using the closure to determine the correct ordering.
`static <T> T` `min(T[] self, Comparator<T> comparator)` Selects the minimum value found from the Object array using the given comparator.
`static int` `minus(Calendar self, Calendar then)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.minus(java.util.Calendar, java.util.Calendar)`
`static Number` `minus(Character left, Character right)` Subtract one Character from another.
`static Number` `minus(Character left, Number right)` Subtract a Number from a Character.
`static int` `minus(Date self, Date then)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.minus(java.util.Date, java.util.Date)`
`static Date` `minus(Date self, int days)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.minus(java.util.Date, int)`
`static Date` `minus(Date self, int days)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.minus(java.sql.Date, int)`
`static <T> List<T>` `minus(List<T> self, Collection<T> removeMe)` Create a List composed of the elements of the first list minus every occurrence of elements of the given collection.
`static <T> List<T>` `minus(List<T> self, Object operand)` Create a new List composed of the elements of the first list minus every occurrence of the operand.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `minus(Map<K,V> self, Map<K,V> operands)` Create a Map composed of the entries of the first map minus the entries of the given map.
`static Number` `minus(Number left, Character right)` Subtract a Character from a Number.
`static <T> Set<T>` `minus(Set<T> self, Collection operands)` Create a Set composed of the elements of the first set minus the elements of the given collection.
`static <T> Set<T>` `minus(Set<T> self, Object operand)` Create a Set composed of the elements of the first set minus the operand.
`static String` `minus(String self, Object target)` Remove a part of a String.
`static <T> T[]` `minus(T[] self, Collection<T> removeMe)` Create an array composed of the elements of the first array minus the elements of the given collection.
`static <T> T[]` `minus(T[] self, Object operand)` Create a new object array composed of the elements of the first array minus the operand.
`static <T> T[]` `minus(T[] self, T[] removeMe)` Create an array composed of the elements of the first array minus the elements of the given array.
`static void` `mixin(Class self, Class categoryClass)` Extend class globally with category methods.
`static void` `mixin(Class self, Class[] categoryClass)` Extend class globally with category methods.
`static void` `mixin(Class self, List<Class> categoryClasses)` Extend class globally with category methods.
`static void` `mixin(MetaClass self, Class categoryClass)` Extend class globally with category methods.
`static void` `mixin(MetaClass self, Class[] categoryClass)` Extend class globally with category methods.
`static void` `mixin(MetaClass self, List<Class> categoryClasses)` Extend object with category methods.
`static Number` `mod(Number left, Number right)` Performs a division modulus operation.
`static Number` `multiply(BigDecimal left, BigInteger right)` Multiply a BigDecimal and a BigInteger.
`static Number` `multiply(BigDecimal left, Double right)` Multiply a BigDecimal and a Double.
`static Number` `multiply(Character left, Character right)` Multiply two Characters.
`static Number` `multiply(Character left, Number right)` Multiply a Character by a Number.
`static <T> List<T>` `multiply(Collection<T> self, Number factor)` Create a List composed of the elements of this list, repeated a certain number of times.
`static Number` `multiply(Number left, Character right)` Multiply a Number by a Character.
`static String` `multiply(String self, Number factor)` Repeat a String a certain number of times.
`static DataInputStream` `newDataInputStream(File file)` Create a data input stream for this file
`static DataOutputStream` `newDataOutputStream(File file)` Creates a new data output stream for this file.
`static BufferedInputStream` `newInputStream(File file)` Creates a buffered input stream for this file.
`static BufferedInputStream` `newInputStream(URL url)` Creates a buffered input stream for this URL.
`static <T> T` `newInstance(Class<T> c)` Convenience method to dynamically create a new instance of this class.
`static <T> T` `newInstance(Class<T> c, Object[] args)` Helper to construct a new instance from the given arguments.
`static ObjectInputStream` `newObjectInputStream(File file)` Create an object input stream for this file.
`static ObjectInputStream` `newObjectInputStream(File file, ClassLoader classLoader)` Create an object input stream for this file using the given class loader.
`static ObjectInputStream` `newObjectInputStream(InputStream inputStream)` Create an object input stream for this input stream.
`static ObjectInputStream` `newObjectInputStream(InputStream inputStream, ClassLoader classLoader)` Create an object input stream for this input stream using the given class loader.
`static ObjectOutputStream` `newObjectOutputStream(File file)` Create an object output stream for this file.
`static ObjectOutputStream` `newObjectOutputStream(OutputStream outputStream)` Create an object output stream for this output stream.
`static BufferedOutputStream` `newOutputStream(File file)` Create a buffered output stream for this file.
`static PrintWriter` `newPrintWriter(File file)` Create a new PrintWriter for this file.
`static PrintWriter` `newPrintWriter(File file, String charset)` Create a new PrintWriter for this file, using specified charset.
`static PrintWriter` `newPrintWriter(Writer writer)` Create a new PrintWriter for this file, using specified charset.
`static BufferedReader` `newReader(File file)` Create a buffered reader for this file.
`static BufferedReader` `newReader(File file, String charset)` Create a buffered reader for this file, using the specified charset as the encoding.
`static BufferedReader` `newReader(InputStream self)` Creates a reader for this input stream.
`static BufferedReader` `newReader(InputStream self, String charset)` Creates a reader for this input stream, using the specified charset as the encoding.
`static BufferedReader` `newReader(URL url)` Creates a buffered reader for this URL.
`static BufferedReader` `newReader(URL url, String charset)` Creates a buffered reader for this URL using the given encoding.
`static BufferedWriter` `newWriter(File file)` Create a buffered writer for this file.
`static BufferedWriter` `newWriter(File file, boolean append)` Creates a buffered writer for this file, optionally appending to the existing file content.
`static BufferedWriter` `newWriter(File file, String charset)` Creates a buffered writer for this file, writing data using the given encoding.
`static BufferedWriter` `newWriter(File file, String charset, boolean append)` Helper method to create a buffered writer for a file.
`static Character` `next(Character self)` Increment a Character by one.
`static Date` `next(Date self)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.next(java.util.Date)`
`static Date` `next(Date self)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.next(java.sql.Date)`
`static Number` `next(Number self)` Increment a Number by one.
`static String` `next(String self)` This method is called by the ++ operator for the class String.
`static String` `normalize(String self)` Return a String with linefeeds and carriage returns normalized to linefeeds.
`static int` `numberAwareCompareTo(Comparable self, Comparable other)` Provides a method that compares two comparables using Groovy's default number aware comparator.
`static BitSet` `or(BitSet left, BitSet right)` Bitwise OR together two BitSets.
`static Boolean` `or(Boolean left, Boolean right)` Logical disjunction of two boolean operators
`static Number` `or(Number left, Number right)` Bitwise OR together two numbers.
`static Process` `or(Process left, Process right)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#or(Process, Process)
`static String` `padLeft(String self, Number numberOfChars)` Pad a String to a minimum length specified by `numberOfChars` by adding the space character to the left as many times as needed.
`static String` `padLeft(String self, Number numberOfChars, String padding)` Pad a String to a minimum length specified by `numberOfChars`, adding the supplied padding String as many times as needed to the left.
`static String` `padRight(String self, Number numberOfChars)` Pad a String to a minimum length specified by `numberOfChars` by adding the space character to the right as many times as needed.
`static String` `padRight(String self, Number numberOfChars, String padding)` Pad a String to a minimum length specified by `numberOfChars`, adding the supplied padding String as many times as needed to the right.
`static <T> Set<List<T>>` `permutations(List<T> self)` Finds all permutations of a collection.
`static Process` `pipeTo(Process left, Process right)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#pipeTo(Process, Process)
`static Number` `plus(Character left, Character right)` Add one Character to another.
`static Number` `plus(Character left, Number right)` Add a Character and a Number.
`static <T> Collection<T>` `plus(Collection<T> left, Collection<T> right)` Create a Collection as a union of two collections.
`static <T> Collection<T>` `plus(Collection<T> left, T right)` Create a collection as a union of a Collection and an Object.
`static Date` `plus(Date self, int days)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.plus(java.util.Date, int)`
`static Date` `plus(Date self, int days)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.plus(java.sql.Date, int)`
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `plus(Map<K,V> self, Collection<Map.Entry<K,V>> entries)` Returns a new `Map` containing all entries from `self` and `entries`, giving precedence to `entries`.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `plus(Map<K,V> left, Map<K,V> right)` Returns a new `Map` containing all entries from `left` and `right`, giving precedence to `right`.
`static Number` `plus(Number left, Character right)` Add a Number and a Character.
`static String` `plus(Number value, String right)` Appends a String to the string representation of this number.
`static String` `plus(StringBuffer left, String value)` Appends a String to this StringBuffer.
`static String` `plus(String left, Object value)` Appends the String representation of the given operand to this string.
`static <T> T` `pop(List<T> self)` Removes the last item from the List.
`static Number` `power(BigDecimal self, Integer exponent)` Power of a BigDecimal to an integer certain exponent.
`static Number` `power(BigInteger self, Integer exponent)` Power of a BigInteger to an integer certain exponent.
`static Number` `power(Integer self, Integer exponent)` Power of an integer to an integer certain exponent.
`static Number` `power(Long self, Integer exponent)` Power of a long to an integer certain exponent.
`static Number` `power(Number self, Number exponent)` Power of a Number to a certain exponent.
`static Character` `previous(Character self)` Decrement a Character by one.
`static Date` `previous(Date self)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.previous(java.util.Date)`
`static Date` `previous(Date self)` Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.previous(java.sql.Date)`
`static Number` `previous(Number self)` Decrement a Number by one.
`static String` `previous(String self)` This method is called by the -- operator for the class String.
`protected static List` `primitiveArrayGet(Object self, Collection indices)` Implements the getAt(Collection) method for primitve type arrays.
`protected static Object` `primitiveArrayGet(Object self, int idx)` Implements the getAt(int) method for primitve type arrays.
`protected static List` `primitiveArrayGet(Object self, Range range)` Implements the getAt(Range) method for primitve type arrays.
`protected static Object` `primitiveArrayPut(Object self, int idx, Object newValue)` Implements the setAt(int idx) method for primitve type arrays.
`static void` `print(Closure self, Object value)` Print a value to the standard output stream.
`static void` `print(Object self, Object value)` Print a value formatted Groovy style to self if it is a Writer, otherwise to the standard output stream.
`static void` `print(Object self, PrintWriter out)` Print to a console in interactive format.
`static void` `print(PrintStream self, Object value)` Print a value formatted Groovy style to the print stream.
`static void` `print(PrintWriter self, Object value)` Print a value formatted Groovy style to the print writer.
`static void` `printf(Object self, String format, Object arg)` Prints a formatted string using the specified format string and arguments.
`static void` `printf(Object self, String format, Object[] values)` Printf to a console (Only works with JDK1.5 or later).
`static void` `println(Closure self)` Print a linebreak to the standard output stream.
`static void` `println(Closure self, Object value)` Print a value (followed by a newline) to the standard output stream.
`static void` `println(Object self)` Print a linebreak to the standard output stream.
`static void` `println(Object self, Object value)` Print a value formatted Groovy style (followed by a newline) to self if it is a Writer, otherwise to the standard output stream.
`static void` `println(Object self, PrintWriter out)` Print to a console in interactive format.
`static void` `println(PrintStream self, Object value)` Print a value formatted Groovy style (followed by a newline) to the print stream.
`static void` `println(PrintWriter self, Object value)` Print a value formatted Groovy style (followed by a newline) to the print writer.
`static <T> boolean` `push(List<T> self, T value)` Appends an item to the List.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `putAll(Map<K,V> self, Collection<Map.Entry<K,V>> entries)` Provides an easy way to append multiple Map.Entry values to a Map.
`static void` `putAt(BitSet self, int index, boolean value)` Support subscript-style assignment for a BitSet.
`static void` `putAt(BitSet self, IntRange range, boolean value)` Support assigning a range of values with a single assignment statement.
`static <T> void` `putAt(List<T> self, int idx, T value)` A helper method to allow lists to work with subscript operators.
`static void` `putAt(List self, EmptyRange range, Collection value)` A helper method to allow lists to work with subscript operators.
`static void` `putAt(List self, EmptyRange range, Object value)` A helper method to allow lists to work with subscript operators.
`static void` `putAt(List self, IntRange range, Collection col)` List subscript assignment operator when given a range as the index and the assignment operand is a collection.
`static void` `putAt(List self, IntRange range, Object value)` List subscript assignment operator when given a range as the index.
`static void` `putAt(List self, List splice, List values)` A helper method to allow lists to work with subscript operators.
`static void` `putAt(List self, List splice, Object value)` A helper method to allow lists to work with subscript operators.
`static <K,V> V` `putAt(Map<K,V> self, K key, V value)` A helper method to allow maps to work with subscript operators
`static void` `putAt(Object self, String property, Object newValue)` Allows the subscript operator to be used to set dynamically named property values.
`static void` `putAt(StringBuffer self, EmptyRange range, Object value)` Support the range subscript operator for StringBuffer.
`static void` `putAt(StringBuffer self, IntRange range, Object value)` Support the range subscript operator for StringBuffer.
`static byte[]` `readBytes(File file)` Reads the content of the file into a byte array.
`static String` `readLine(Reader self)` Read a single, whole line from the given Reader.
`static List<String>` `readLines(File file)` Reads the file into a list of Strings, with one item for each line.
`static List<String>` `readLines(File file, String charset)` Reads the file into a list of Strings, with one item for each line.
`static List<String>` `readLines(InputStream stream)` Reads the stream into a list, with one element for each line.
`static List<String>` `readLines(InputStream stream, String charset)` Reads the stream into a list, with one element for each line.
`static List<String>` `readLines(Reader reader)` Reads the reader into a list of Strings, with one entry for each line.
`static List<String>` `readLines(String self)` Return the lines of a String as a List of Strings.
`static List<String>` `readLines(URL self)` Reads the URL contents into a list, with one element for each line.
`static List<String>` `readLines(URL self, String charset)` Reads the URL contents into a list, with one element for each line.
`static <T> boolean` `removeAll(Collection<T> self, T[] items)` Removes all of this collection's elements that are also contained in the specified array.
`static boolean` `removeAll(Collection self, Closure closure)` Removes the elements in this collection that are matched according to the specified closure condition.
`static boolean` `renameTo(File self, String newPathName)` Renames the file.
`static String` `replaceAll(String self, Pattern pattern, Closure closure)` Replaces all occurrences of a captured group by the result of a closure call on that text.
`static String` `replaceAll(String self, Pattern pattern, String replacement)` Replaces all substrings of a String that match the given compiled regular expression with the given replacement.
`static String` `replaceAll(String self, String regex, Closure closure)` Replaces all occurrences of a captured group by the result of a closure on that text.
`static String` `replaceFirst(String self, Pattern pattern, Closure closure)` Replaces the first occurrence of a captured group by the result of a closure call on that text.
`static String` `replaceFirst(String self, Pattern pattern, String replacement)` Replaces the first substring of a String that matches the given compiled regular expression with the given replacement.
`static String` `replaceFirst(String self, String regex, Closure closure)` Replaces the first occurrence of a captured group by the result of a closure call on that text.
`static List` `respondsTo(Object self, String name)` Returns an object satisfying Groovy truth if the implementing MetaClass responds to a method with the given name regardless of the arguments.
`static List` `respondsTo(Object self, String name, Object[] argTypes)` Returns an object satisfying Groovy truth if the implementing MetaClass responds to a method with the given name and arguments types.
`static <T> boolean` `retainAll(Collection<T> self, T[] items)` Retains only the elements in this collection that are contained in the specified array.
`static boolean` `retainAll(Collection self, Closure closure)` Retains only the elements in this collection that are matched according to the specified closure condition.
`static <T> Iterator<T>` `reverse(Iterator<T> self)` Reverses the iterator.
`static <T> List<T>` `reverse(List<T> self)` Reverses the list.
`static String` `reverse(String self)` Creates a new string which is the reverse (backwards) of this string
`static <T> T[]` `reverse(T[] self)` Reverse the items in an Object array.
`static <T> List<T>` `reverseEach(List<T> self, Closure closure)` Iterate over each element of the list in the reverse order.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `reverseEach(Map<K,V> self, Closure closure)` Allows a Map to be iterated through in reverse order using a closure.
`static <T> T[]` `reverseEach(T[] self, Closure closure)` Iterate over each element of the array in the reverse order.
`static Number` `rightShift(Number self, Number operand)` Implementation of the right shift operator for integral types.
`static Number` `rightShiftUnsigned(Number self, Number operand)` Implementation of the right shift (unsigned) operator for integral types.
`static long` `round(Double number)` Round the value
`static double` `round(Double number, int precision)` Round the value
`static int` `round(Float number)` Round the value
`static float` `round(Float number, int precision)` Round the value
`static TimerTask` `runAfter(Timer timer, int delay, Closure closure)` Allows a simple syntax for using timers.
`static void` `setBytes(File file, byte[] bytes)` Write the bytes from the byte array to the File.
`static void` `setBytes(OutputStream os, byte[] bytes)` Write the byte[] to the output stream.
`static void` `setIndex(Matcher matcher, int idx)` Set the position of the given Matcher to the given index.
`static void` `setMetaClass(Class self, MetaClass metaClass)` Sets the metaclass for a given class.
`static void` `setMetaClass(Object self, MetaClass metaClass)` Set the metaclass for an object
`static void` `setText(File file, String text)` Synonym for write(text) allowing file.text = 'foo'.
`static void` `setText(File file, String text, String charset)` Synonym for write(text, charset) allowing: myFile.setText('some text', charset) or with some help from `ExpandoMetaClass`, you could do something like: myFile.metaClass.setText = { String s -> delegate.setText(s, 'UTF-8') } myfile.text = 'some text'
`static int` `size(boolean[] array)` Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.
`static int` `size(byte[] array)` Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.
`static int` `size(char[] array)` Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.
`static int` `size(double[] array)` Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.
`static long` `size(File self)` Provide the standard Groovy `size()` method for `File`.
`static int` `size(float[] array)` Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.
`static int` `size(int[] array)` Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.
`static int` `size(Iterator self)` Provide the standard Groovy `size()` method for `Iterator`.
`static int` `size(long[] array)` Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.
`static long` `size(Matcher self)` Provide the standard Groovy `size()` method for `Matcher`.
`static int` `size(Object[] self)` Provide the standard Groovy `size()` method for an array.
`static int` `size(short[] array)` Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.
`static int` `size(String text)` Provide the standard Groovy `size()` method for `String`.
`static int` `size(StringBuffer buffer)` Provide the standard Groovy `size()` method for `StringBuffer`.
`static <T> List<T>` `sort(Collection<T> self)` Sorts the given collection into a sorted list.
`static <T> List<T>` `sort(Collection<T> self, Closure closure)` Sorts this Collection using the closure to determine the correct ordering.
`static <T> List<T>` `sort(Collection<T> self, Comparator<T> comparator)` Sorts the Collection using the given comparator.
`static <T> Iterator<T>` `sort(Iterator<T> self)` Sorts the given iterator items into a sorted iterator.
`static <T> Iterator<T>` `sort(Iterator<T> self, Closure closure)` Sorts the given iterator items into a sorted iterator using the Closure to determine the correct ordering.
`static <T> Iterator<T>` `sort(Iterator<T> self, Comparator<T> comparator)` Sorts the given iterator items into a sorted iterator using the comparator.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `sort(Map<K,V> self)` Sorts the elements from the given map into a new ordered Map using the natural ordering of the keys to determine the ordering.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `sort(Map<K,V> self, Closure closure)` Sorts the elements from the given map into a new ordered map using the closure as a comparator to determine the ordering.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `sort(Map<K,V> self, Comparator<K> comparator)` Sorts the elements from the given map into a new ordered Map using the specified key comparator to determine the ordering.
`static <T> SortedSet<T>` `sort(SortedSet<T> self)` Avoids doing unnecessary work when sorting an already sorted set.
`static <T> T[]` `sort(T[] self)` Sorts the given Object array into sorted order.
`static <T> T[]` `sort(T[] self, Closure closure)` Sorts the given Object array into a newly created array using the Closure to determine the correct ordering.
`static <T> T[]` `sort(T[] self, Comparator<T> comparator)` Sorts the given Object array into sorted order using the given comparator.
`static <T> Collection<Collection<T>>` `split(Collection<T> self, Closure closure)` Splits all items into two collections based on the closure condition.
`static String[]` `split(GString self)` Convenience method to split a GString (with whitespace as delimiter).
`static Collection` `split(Object self, Closure closure)` Splits all items into two lists based on the closure condition.
`static String[]` `split(String self)` Convenience method to split a string (with whitespace as delimiter) Like tokenize, but returns an Array of Strings instead of a List
`static Object` `splitEachLine(File self, Pattern pattern, Closure closure)` Iterates through this file line by line, splitting each line using the given separator Pattern.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(File self, Pattern pattern, String charset, Closure closure)` Iterates through this file line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator Pattern.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(File self, String regex, Closure closure)` Iterates through this file line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(File self, String regex, String charset, Closure closure)` Iterates through this file line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(InputStream stream, Pattern pattern, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given InputStream line by line, splitting each line using the given separator Pattern.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(InputStream stream, Pattern pattern, String charset, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given InputStream line by line using the specified encoding, splitting each line using the given separator Pattern.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(InputStream stream, String regex, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given InputStream line by line, splitting each line using the given separator.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(InputStream stream, String regex, String charset, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given InputStream line by line using the specified encoding, splitting each line using the given separator.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(Reader self, Pattern pattern, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given reader line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator Pattern.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(Reader self, String regex, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given reader line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(String self, Pattern pattern, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given String line by line, splitting each line using the given separator Pattern.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(String self, String regex, Closure closure)` Iterates through the given String line by line, splitting each line using the given separator.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(URL self, Pattern pattern, Closure closure)` Iterates through the input stream associated with this URL line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator Pattern.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(URL self, Pattern pattern, String charset, Closure closure)` Iterates through the input stream associated with this URL line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator Pattern.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(URL self, String regex, Closure closure)` Iterates through the input stream associated with this URL line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator.
`static Object` `splitEachLine(URL self, String regex, String charset, Closure closure)` Iterates through the input stream associated with this URL line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator.
`static SpreadMap` `spread(Map self)` Synonym for `toSpreadMap(java.util.Map)`.
`static String` `sprintf(Object self, String format, Object arg)` Returns a formatted string using the specified format string and arguments.
`static String` `sprintf(Object self, String format, Object[] values)` Sprintf to a string (Only works with JDK1.5 or later).
`static void` `step(Number self, Number to, Number stepNumber, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number up to the given number using a step increment.
`static String` `stripIndent(String self)` Strip leading spaces from every line in a String.
`static String` `stripIndent(String self, int numChars)` Strip `numChar` leading characters from every line in a String.
`static String` `stripMargin(String self)` Strip leading whitespace/control characters followed by '|' from every line in a String.
`static String` `stripMargin(String self, char marginChar)` Strip leading whitespace/control characters followed by `marginChar` from every line in a String.
`static String` `stripMargin(String self, String marginChar)` Strip leading whitespace/control characters followed by `marginChar` from every line in a String.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `subMap(Map<K,V> map, Collection<K> keys)` Creates a sub-Map containing the given keys.
`static <T> Set<List<T>>` `subsequences(List<T> self)` Finds all non-null subsequences of a list.
`static Object` `sum(Collection self)` Sums the items in a collection.
`static Object` `sum(Collection self, Closure closure)` Sums the result of apply a closure to each item of a collection.
`static Object` `sum(Collection self, Object initialValue)` Sums the items in a collection, adding the result to some initial value.
`static Object` `sum(Collection self, Object initialValue, Closure closure)` Sums the result of applying a closure to each item of a collection to some initial value.
`static Object` `sum(Iterator<Object> self)` Sums the items from an Iterator.
`static Object` `sum(Iterator<Object> self, Closure closure)` Sums the result of apply a closure to each item returned from an iterator.
`static Object` `sum(Iterator<Object> self, Object initialValue)` Sums the items from an Iterator, adding the result to some initial value.
`static Object` `sum(Iterator<Object> self, Object initialValue, Closure closure)` Sums the result of applying a closure to each item of an Iterator to some initial value.
`static Object` `sum(Object[] self)` Sums the items in an array.
`static Object` `sum(Object[] self, Closure closure)` Sums the result of apply a closure to each item of an array.
`static Object` `sum(Object[] self, Object initialValue)` Sums the items in an array, adding the result to some initial value.
`static Object` `sum(Object[] self, Object initialValue, Closure closure)` Sums the result of applying a closure to each item of an array to some initial value.
`static <T> List<T>` `tail(List<T> self)` Returns the items from the List excluding the first item.
`static <T> T[]` `tail(T[] self)` Returns the items from the Object array excluding the first item.
`static void` `times(Number self, Closure closure)` Executes the closure this many times, starting from zero.
`static String` `toArrayString(Object[] self)` Returns the string representation of the given array.
`static BigDecimal` `toBigDecimal(Number self)` Transform a Number into a BigDecimal
`static BigDecimal` `toBigDecimal(String self)` Parse a String into a BigDecimal
`static BigInteger` `toBigInteger(Number self)` Transform this Number into a BigInteger.
`static BigInteger` `toBigInteger(String self)` Parse a String into a BigInteger
`static Boolean` `toBoolean(Boolean self)` Identity conversion which returns Boolean.TRUE for a true Boolean and Boolean.FALSE for a false Boolean.
`static Boolean` `toBoolean(String self)` Converts the given string into a Boolean object.
`static Character` `toCharacter(String self)` Converts the given string into a Character object using the first character in the string.
`static Double` `toDouble(Number self)` Transform a Number into a Double
`static Double` `toDouble(String self)` Parse a String into a Double
`static Float` `toFloat(Number self)` Transform a Number into a Float
`static Float` `toFloat(String self)` Parse a String into a Float
`static Integer` `toInteger(Number self)` Transform a Number into an Integer
`static Integer` `toInteger(String self)` Parse a String into an Integer
`static List` `tokenize(String self)` Tokenize a String (with a whitespace as the delimiter).
`static List` `tokenize(String self, Character token)` Tokenize a String based on the given character delimiter.
`static List` `tokenize(String self, String token)` Tokenize a String based on the given string delimiter.
`static List<Boolean>` `toList(boolean[] array)` Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.
`static List<Byte>` `toList(byte[] array)` Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.
`static List<Character>` `toList(char[] array)` Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.
`static <T> List<T>` `toList(Collection<T> self)` Convert a Collection to a List.
`static List<Double>` `toList(double[] array)` Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.
`static <T> List<T>` `toList(Enumeration<T> self)` Convert an enumeration to a List.
`static List<Float>` `toList(float[] array)` Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.
`static List<Integer>` `toList(int[] array)` Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.
`static <T> List<T>` `toList(Iterator<T> self)` Convert an iterator to a List.
`static List<Long>` `toList(long[] array)` Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.
`static List<Short>` `toList(short[] array)` Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.
`static List<String>` `toList(String self)` Converts the given String into a List of strings of one character.
`static <T> List<T>` `toList(T[] array)` Allows conversion of arrays into a mutable List.
`static String` `toListString(Collection self)` Returns the string representation of the given list.
`static String` `toListString(Collection self, int maxSize)` Returns the string representation of the given list.
`static Long` `toLong(Number self)` Transform a Number into a Long
`static Long` `toLong(String self)` Parse a String into a Long
`static char` `toLowerCase(Character self)` Converts the character to lowercase.
`static String` `toMapString(Map self)` Returns the string representation of this map.
`static String` `toMapString(Map self, int maxSize)` Returns the string representation of this map.
`static GroovyRowResult` `toRowResult(ResultSet rs)` Deprecated. moved to `SqlGroovyMethods.toRowResult(java.sql.ResultSet)`
`static Short` `toShort(String self)` Parse a String into a Short
`static SpreadMap` `toSpreadMap(Map self)` Returns a new `SpreadMap` from this map.
`static SpreadMap` `toSpreadMap(Object[] self)` Creates a spreadable map from this array.
`static String` `toString(AbstractCollection self)` Returns the string representation of the given collection.
`static String` `toString(AbstractMap self)` Returns the string representation of the given map.
`static String` `toString(boolean[] self)` Returns the string representation of the given array.
`static String` `toString(byte[] self)` Returns the string representation of the given array.
`static String` `toString(char[] self)` Returns the string representation of the given array.
`static String` `toString(double[] self)` Returns the string representation of the given array.
`static String` `toString(float[] self)` Returns the string representation of the given array.
`static String` `toString(int[] self)` Returns the string representation of the given array.
`static String` `toString(long[] self)` Returns the string representation of the given array.
`static String` `toString(Object value)` Create a String representation of this object.
`static String` `toString(Object[] self)` Returns the string representation of this array's contents.
`static String` `toString(short[] self)` Returns the string representation of the given array.
`static char` `toUpperCase(Character self)` Converts the character to uppercase.
`static URI` `toURI(String self)` Transforms a String representing a URI into a URI object.
`static URL` `toURL(String self)` Transforms a String representing a URL into a URL object.
`static String` `tr(String self, String sourceSet, String replacementSet)` Translates a string by replacing characters from the sourceSet with characters from replacementSet.
`static void` `transformChar(Reader self, Writer writer, Closure closure)` Transforms each character from this reader by passing it to the given closure.
`static void` `transformLine(Reader reader, Writer writer, Closure closure)` Transforms the lines from a reader with a Closure and write them to a writer.
`static List` `transpose(List self)` Adds GroovyCollections#transpose(List) as a method on lists.
`static void` `traverse(File self, Closure closure)` Invokes the closure for each descendant file in this directory tree.
`static void` `traverse(File self, Map<String,Object> options)` Invokes the closure specified with key 'visit' in the options Map for each descendant file in this directory tree.
`static void` `traverse(File self, Map<String,Object> options, Closure closure)` Invokes `closure` for each descendant file in this directory tree.
`static double` `trunc(Double number)` Truncate the value
`static double` `trunc(Double number, int precision)` Truncate the value
`static float` `trunc(Float number)` Truncate the value
`static float` `trunc(Float number, int precision)` Truncate the value
`static Number` `unaryMinus(Number left)` Negates the number.
`static String` `unexpand(String self)` Replaces sequences of whitespaces with tabs using tabStops of size 8.
`static String` `unexpand(String self, int tabStop)` Replaces sequences of whitespaces with tabs.
`static String` `unexpandLine(String self, int tabStop)` Replaces sequences of whitespaces with tabs within a line.
`static <T> Collection<T>` `unique(Collection<T> self)` Modifies this collection to remove all duplicated items, using the default comparator.
`static <T> Collection<T>` `unique(Collection<T> self, Closure closure)` A convenience method for making a collection unique using a Closure to determine duplicate (equal) items.
`static <T> Collection<T>` `unique(Collection<T> self, Comparator<T> comparator)` Remove all duplicates from a given Collection.
`static <T> Iterator<T>` `unique(Iterator<T> self)` Returns an iterator equivalent to this iterator all duplicated items removed by using the default comparator.
`static <T> Iterator<T>` `unique(Iterator<T> self, Closure closure)` Returns an iterator equivalent to this iterator but with all duplicated items removed by using a Closure to determine duplicate (equal) items.
`static <T> Iterator<T>` `unique(Iterator<T> self, Comparator<T> comparator)` Returns an iterator equivalent to this iterator with all duplicated items removed by using the supplied comparator.
`static void` `upto(BigDecimal self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.
`static void` `upto(BigInteger self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.
`static void` `upto(double self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.
`static void` `upto(Double self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.
`static void` `upto(float self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.
`static void` `upto(Float self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.
`static void` `upto(long self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.
`static void` `upto(Long self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.
`static void` `upto(Number self, Number to, Closure closure)` Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.
`static Object` `use(Object self, Class categoryClass, Closure closure)` Scoped use method
`static Object` `use(Object self, List<Class> categoryClassList, Closure closure)` Scoped use method with list of categories.
`static Object` `use(Object self, Object[] array)` Allows you to use a list of categories, specifying the list as varargs.
`static void` `waitForOrKill(Process self, long numberOfMillis)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#waitForOrKill(Process, long)
`static void` `waitForProcessOutput(Process self)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#waitForProcessOutput(Process)
`static void` `waitForProcessOutput(Process self, OutputStream output, OutputStream error)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#waitForProcessOutput(Process, OutputStream, OutputStream)
`static void` `waitForProcessOutput(Process self, StringBuffer output, StringBuffer error)` Deprecated. use #waitForProcessOutput(Process, Appendable, Appendable)
`static Object` `with(Object self, Closure closure)` Allows the closure to be called for the object reference self
`static Object` `withDataInputStream(File file, Closure closure)` Create a new DataInputStream for this file and passes it into the closure.
`static Object` `withDataOutputStream(File file, Closure closure)` Create a new DataOutputStream for this file and passes it into the closure.
`static <K,V> Map<K,V>` `withDefault(Map<K,V> self, Closure init)` Wraps a map using the delegate pattern with a wrapper that intercepts all calls to `get(key)`.
`static Object` `withInputStream(File file, Closure closure)` Create a new InputStream for this file and passes it into the closure.
`static Object` `withInputStream(URL url, Closure closure)` Creates a new InputStream for this URL and passes it into the closure.
`static Object` `withObjectInputStream(File file, ClassLoader classLoader, Closure closure)` Create a new ObjectInputStream for this file associated with the given class loader and pass it to the closure.
`static Object` `withObjectInputStream(File file, Closure closure)` Create a new ObjectInputStream for this file and pass it to the closure.
`static Object` `withObjectInputStream(InputStream inputStream, ClassLoader classLoader, Closure closure)` Create a new ObjectInputStream for this file and pass it to the closure.
`static Object` `withObjectInputStream(InputStream inputStream, Closure closure)` Create a new ObjectInputStream for this file and pass it to the closure.
`static Object` `withObjectOutputStream(File file, Closure closure)` Create a new ObjectOutputStream for this file and then pass it to the closure.
`static Object` `withObjectOutputStream(OutputStream outputStream, Closure closure)` Create a new ObjectOutputStream for this output stream and then pass it to the closure.
`static Object` `withObjectStreams(Socket socket, Closure closure)` Creates an InputObjectStream and an OutputObjectStream from a Socket, and passes them to the closure.
`static Object` `withOutputStream(File file, Closure closure)` Creates a new OutputStream for this file and passes it into the closure.
`static void` `withOutputStream(Process self, Closure closure)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#withOutputStream(Process, Closure)
`static Object` `withPrintWriter(File file, Closure closure)` Create a new PrintWriter for this file which is then passed it into the given closure.
`static Object` `withPrintWriter(File file, String charset, Closure closure)` Create a new PrintWriter with a specified charset for this file.
`static Object` `withPrintWriter(Writer writer, Closure closure)` Create a new PrintWriter with a specified charset for this file.
`static Object` `withReader(File file, Closure closure)` Create a new BufferedReader for this file and then passes it into the closure, ensuring the reader is closed after the closure returns.
`static Object` `withReader(File file, String charset, Closure closure)` Create a new BufferedReader for this file using the specified charset and then passes it into the closure, ensuring the reader is closed after the closure returns.
`static Object` `withReader(InputStream in, Closure closure)` Helper method to create a new Reader for a stream and then passes it into the closure.
`static Object` `withReader(InputStream in, String charset, Closure closure)` Helper method to create a new Reader for a stream and then passes it into the closure.
`static Object` `withReader(Reader reader, Closure closure)` Allows this reader to be used within the closure, ensuring that it is closed before this method returns.
`static Object` `withReader(URL url, Closure closure)` Helper method to create a new BufferedReader for a URL and then passes it to the closure.
`static Object` `withReader(URL url, String charset, Closure closure)` Helper method to create a new Reader for a URL and then passes it to the closure.
`static Object` `withStream(InputStream stream, Closure closure)` Allows this input stream to be used within the closure, ensuring that it is flushed and closed before this method returns.
`static Object` `withStream(OutputStream os, Closure closure)` Passes this OutputStream to the closure, ensuring that the stream is closed after the closure returns, regardless of errors.
`static Object` `withStreams(Socket socket, Closure closure)` Passes the Socket's InputStream and OutputStream to the closure.
`static Object` `withWriter(File file, Closure closure)` Creates a new BufferedWriter for this file, passes it to the closure, and ensures the stream is flushed and closed after the closure returns.
`static Object` `withWriter(File file, String charset, Closure closure)` Creates a new BufferedWriter for this file, passes it to the closure, and ensures the stream is flushed and closed after the closure returns.
`static Object` `withWriter(OutputStream stream, Closure closure)` Creates a writer from this stream, passing it to the given closure.
`static Object` `withWriter(OutputStream stream, String charset, Closure closure)` Creates a writer from this stream, passing it to the given closure.
`static void` `withWriter(Process self, Closure closure)` Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#withWriter(Process, Closure)
`static Object` `withWriter(Writer writer, Closure closure)` Allows this writer to be used within the closure, ensuring that it is flushed and closed before this method returns.
`static Object` `withWriterAppend(File file, Closure closure)` Create a new BufferedWriter for this file in append mode.
`static Object` `withWriterAppend(File file, String charset, Closure closure)` Create a new BufferedWriter which will append to this file.
`static void` `write(File file, String text)` Write the text to the File.
`static void` `write(File file, String text, String charset)` Write the text to the File, using the specified encoding.
`static void` `write(Writer self, Writable writable)` A helper method so that dynamic dispatch of the writer.write(object) method will always use the more efficient Writable.writeTo(writer) mechanism if the object implements the Writable interface.
`static void` `writeLine(BufferedWriter writer, String line)` Write the text and append a newline (using the platform's line-ending).
`static BitSet` `xor(BitSet left, BitSet right)` Bitwise XOR together two BitSets.
`static Boolean` `xor(Boolean left, Boolean right)` Exclusive disjunction of two boolean operators
`static Number` `xor(Number left, Number right)` Bitwise XOR together two Numbers.

### Methods inherited from class org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.DefaultGroovyMethodsSupport

`cloneSimilarCollection, cloneSimilarMap, closeQuietly, closeWithWarning, createSimilarCollection, createSimilarCollection, createSimilarList, createSimilarMap, createSimilarOrDefaultCollection, createSimilarSet, normaliseIndex, sameType, subListBorders, subListBorders`

### Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

`clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

### Field Detail

#### additionals

    public static final Class[] additionals

### Constructor Detail

#### DefaultGroovyMethods

    public DefaultGroovyMethods()

### Method Detail

#### is

    public static boolean is(Object self,
             Object other)

Identity check. Since == is overridden in Groovy with the meaning of equality we need some fallback to check for object identity. Invoke using the 'is' method, like so: `def same = this.is(that)`

Parameters:
  `self` - an object
  `other` - an object to compare identity with
Returns:
  true if self and other are both references to the same instance, false otherwise
Since:
  1.0

#### identity

    public static Object identity(Object self,
                  Closure closure)

Allows the closure to be called for the object reference self synonym for 'with()'.

Parameters:
  `self` - the object to have a closure act upon
  `closure` - the closure to call on the object
Returns:
  result of calling the closure
Since:
  1.0

#### with

    public static Object with(Object self,
              Closure closure)

Allows the closure to be called for the object reference self

Parameters:
  `self` - the object to have a closure act upon
  `closure` - the closure to call on the object
Returns:
  result of calling the closure
Since:
  1.5.0

#### getAt

    public static Object getAt(Object self,
               String property)

Allows the subscript operator to be used to lookup dynamic property values. `bean[somePropertyNameExpression]`. The normal property notation of groovy is neater and more concise but only works with compile-time known property names.

Parameters:
  `self` - the object to act upon
  `property` - the property name of interest
Returns:
  the property value
Since:
  1.0

#### putAt

    public static void putAt(Object self,
             String property,
             Object newValue)

Allows the subscript operator to be used to set dynamically named property values. `bean[somePropertyNameExpression] = foo`. The normal property notation of groovy is neater and more concise but only works with property names which are known at compile time.

Parameters:
  `self` - the object to act upon
  `property` - the name of the property to set
  `newValue` - the value to set
Since:
  1.0

#### dump

    public static String dump(Object self)

Generates a detailed dump string of an object showing its class, hashCode and fields.

Parameters:
  `self` - an object
Returns:
  the dump representation
Since:
  1.0

#### getMetaPropertyValues

    public static List<PropertyValue> getMetaPropertyValues(Object self)

Retrieves the list of `MetaProperty` objects for 'self' and wraps it in a list of `PropertyValue` objects that additionally provide the value for each property of 'self'.

Parameters:
  `self` - the receiver object
Returns:
  list of `PropertyValue` objects
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Expando.getMetaPropertyValues()`

#### getProperties

    public static Map getProperties(Object self)

Convenience method that calls `getMetaPropertyValues(java.lang.Object)`(self) and provides the data in form of simple key/value pairs, i.e.&nsbp;without type() information.

Parameters:
  `self` - the receiver object
Returns:
  meta properties as Map of key/value pairs
Since:
  1.0

#### use

    public static Object use(Object self,
             Class categoryClass,
             Closure closure)

Scoped use method

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
  `categoryClass` - a category class to use
  `closure` - the closure to invoke with the category in place
Returns:
  the value returned from the closure
Since:
  1.0

#### mixin

    public static void mixin(MetaClass self,
             List<Class> categoryClasses)

Extend object with category methods. All methods for given class and all super classes will be added to the object.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Class
  `categoryClasses` - a category classes to use
Since:
  1.6.0

#### mixin

    public static void mixin(Class self,
             List<Class> categoryClasses)

Extend class globally with category methods. All methods for given class and all super classes will be added to the class.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Class
  `categoryClasses` - a category classes to use
Since:
  1.6.0

#### mixin

    public static void mixin(Class self,
             Class categoryClass)

Extend class globally with category methods.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Class
  `categoryClass` - a category class to use
Since:
  1.6.0

#### mixin

    public static void mixin(Class self,
             Class[] categoryClass)

Extend class globally with category methods.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Class
  `categoryClass` - a category class to use
Since:
  1.6.0

#### mixin

    public static void mixin(MetaClass self,
             Class categoryClass)

Extend class globally with category methods.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Class
  `categoryClass` - a category class to use
Since:
  1.6.0

#### mixin

    public static void mixin(MetaClass self,
             Class[] categoryClass)

Extend class globally with category methods.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Class
  `categoryClass` - a category class to use
Since:
  1.6.0

#### use

    public static Object use(Object self,
             List<Class> categoryClassList,
             Closure closure)

Scoped use method with list of categories.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
  `categoryClassList` - a list of category classes
  `closure` - the closure to invoke with the categories in place
Returns:
  the value returned from the closure
Since:
  1.0

#### addShutdownHook

    public static void addShutdownHook(Object self,
                       Closure closure)

Allows the usage of addShutdownHook without getting the runtime first.

Parameters:
  `self` - the object the method is called on (ignored)
  `closure` - the shutdown hook action
Since:
  1.5.0

#### use

    public static Object use(Object self,
             Object[] array)

Allows you to use a list of categories, specifying the list as varargs. `use(CategoryClass1, CategoryClass2) { ... }` This method saves having to wrap the the category classes in a list.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
  `array` - a list of category classes and a Closure
Returns:
  the value returned from the closure
Since:
  1.0

#### print

    public static void print(Object self,
             Object value)

Print a value formatted Groovy style to self if it is a Writer, otherwise to the standard output stream.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
  `value` - the value to print
Since:
  1.0

#### print

    public static void print(PrintWriter self,
             Object value)

Print a value formatted Groovy style to the print writer.

Parameters:
  `self` - a PrintWriter
  `value` - the value to print
Since:
  1.0

#### print

    public static void print(PrintStream self,
             Object value)

Print a value formatted Groovy style to the print stream.

Parameters:
  `self` - a PrintStream
  `value` - the value to print
Since:
  1.6.0

#### print

    public static void print(Closure self,
             Object value)

Print a value to the standard output stream. This method delegates to the owner to execute the method.

Parameters:
  `self` - a generated closure
  `value` - the value to print
Since:
  1.0

#### println

    public static void println(Object self)

Print a linebreak to the standard output stream.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
Since:
  1.0

#### println

    public static void println(Closure self)

Print a linebreak to the standard output stream. This method delegates to the owner to execute the method.

Parameters:
  `self` - a closure
Since:
  1.0

#### println

    public static void println(Object self,
               Object value)

Print a value formatted Groovy style (followed by a newline) to self if it is a Writer, otherwise to the standard output stream.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
  `value` - the value to print
Since:
  1.0

#### println

    public static void println(PrintWriter self,
               Object value)

Print a value formatted Groovy style (followed by a newline) to the print writer.

Parameters:
  `self` - a PrintWriter
  `value` - the value to print
Since:
  1.0

#### println

    public static void println(PrintStream self,
               Object value)

Print a value formatted Groovy style (followed by a newline) to the print stream.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
  `value` - the value to print
Since:
  1.6.0

#### println

    public static void println(Closure self,
               Object value)

Print a value (followed by a newline) to the standard output stream. This method delegates to the owner to execute the method.

Parameters:
  `self` - a closure
  `value` - the value to print
Since:
  1.0

#### printf

    public static void printf(Object self,
              String format,
              Object[] values)

Printf to a console (Only works with JDK1.5 or later).

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
  `format` - a format string
  `values` - values referenced by the format specifiers in the format string.
Since:
  1.0

#### sprintf

    public static String sprintf(Object self,
                 String format,
                 Object[] values)

Sprintf to a string (Only works with JDK1.5 or later).

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
  `format` - a format string
  `values` - values referenced by the format specifiers in the format string.
Returns:
  the resulting formatted string
Since:
  1.5.0

#### printf

    public static void printf(Object self,
              String format,
              Object arg)

Prints a formatted string using the specified format string and arguments.

For examples,

         printf ( "Hello, %s!\n" , [ "world" ] as String[] )
         printf ( "Hello, %s!\n" , [ "Groovy" ])
         printf ( "%d + %d = %d\n" , [ 1 , 2 , 1+2 ] as Integer[] )
         printf ( "%d + %d = %d\n" , [ 3 , 3 , 3+3 ])

         ( 1..5 ).each { printf ( "-- %d\n" , [ it ] as Integer[] ) }
         ( 1..5 ).each { printf ( "-- %d\n" , [ it ] as int[] ) }
         ( 0x41..0x45 ).each { printf ( "-- %c\n" , [ it ] as char[] ) }
         ( 07..011 ).each { printf ( "-- %d\n" , [ it ] as byte[] ) }
         ( 7..11 ).each { printf ( "-- %d\n" , [ it ] as short[] ) }
         ( 7..11 ).each { printf ( "-- %d\n" , [ it ] as long[] ) }
         ( 7..11 ).each { printf ( "-- %5.2f\n" , [ it ] as float[] ) }
         ( 7..11 ).each { printf ( "-- %5.2g\n" , [ it ] as double[] ) }

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
  `format` - A format string
  `arg` - Argument which is referenced by the format specifiers in the format string. The type of `arg` should be one of Object[], List, int[], short[], byte[], char[], boolean[], long[], float[], or double[].
Since:
  1.0

#### sprintf

    public static String sprintf(Object self,
                 String format,
                 Object arg)

Returns a formatted string using the specified format string and arguments.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
  `format` - A format string
  `arg` - Argument which is referenced by the format specifiers in the format string. The type of `arg` should be one of Object[], List, int[], short[], byte[], char[], boolean[], long[], float[], or double[].
Returns:
  the resulting printf'd string
Since:
  1.5.0

#### inspect

    public static String inspect(Object self)

Inspects returns the String that matches what would be typed into a terminal to create this object.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
Returns:
  a String that matches what would be typed into a terminal to create this object. e.g. [1, 'hello'].inspect() -> [1, "hello"]
Since:
  1.0

#### print

    public static void print(Object self,
             PrintWriter out)

Print to a console in interactive format.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
  `out` - the PrintWriter used for printing
Since:
  1.0

#### println

    public static void println(Object self,
               PrintWriter out)

Print to a console in interactive format.

Parameters:
  `self` - any Object
  `out` - the PrintWriter used for printing
Since:
  1.0

#### invokeMethod

    public static Object invokeMethod(Object object,
                      String method,
                      Object arguments)

Provide a dynamic method invocation method which can be overloaded in classes to implement dynamic proxies easily.

Parameters:
  `object` - any Object
  `method` - the name of the method to call
  `arguments` - the arguments to use
Returns:
  the result of the method call
Since:
  1.0

#### isCase

    public static boolean isCase(Object caseValue,
                 Object switchValue)

Method for overloading the behavior of the 'case' method in switch statements. The default implementation handles arrays types but otherwise simply delegates to Object#equals, but this may be overridden for other types. In this example:

     switch( a ) {
       case b: //some code
     }

"some code" is called when `b.isCase( a )` returns `true`.

Parameters:
  `caseValue` - the case value
  `switchValue` - the switch value
Returns:
  true if the switchValue is deemed to be equal to the caseValue
Since:
  1.0

#### isCase

    public static boolean isCase(String caseValue,
                 Object switchValue)

'Case' implementation for a String, which uses String#equals(Object) in order to allow Strings to be used in switch statements. For example:

    switch( str ) {
       case 'one' :
       // etc...
     }

Note that this returns `true` for the case where both the 'switch' and 'case' operand is `null`.

Parameters:
  `caseValue` - the case value
  `switchValue` - the switch value
Returns:
  true if the switchValue's toString() equals the caseValue
Since:
  1.0

#### isCase

    public static boolean isCase(GString caseValue,
                 Object switchValue)

'Case' implementation for a GString, which simply calls the equivalet method for String.

Parameters:
  `caseValue` - the case value
  `switchValue` - the switch value
Returns:
  true if the switchValue's toString() equals the caseValue
Since:
  1.6.0

#### isCase

    public static boolean isCase(Class caseValue,
                 Object switchValue)

Special 'Case' implementation for Class, which allows testing for a certain class in a switch statement. For example:

    switch( obj ) {
       case List :
         // obj is a list
         break;
       case Set :
         // etc
     }

Parameters:
  `caseValue` - the case value
  `switchValue` - the switch value
Returns:
  true if the switchValue is deemed to be assignable from the given class
Since:
  1.0

#### isCase

    public static boolean isCase(Collection caseValue,
                 Object switchValue)

'Case' implementation for collections which tests if the 'switch' operand is contained in any of the 'case' values. For example:

    switch( 3 ) {
       case [1,3,5]:
         assert true
         break
       default:
         assert false
     }

Parameters:
  `caseValue` - the case value
  `switchValue` - the switch value
Returns:
  true if the caseValue is deemed to contain the switchValue
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Collection.contains(java.lang.Object)`

#### isCase

    public static boolean isCase(Map caseValue,
                 Object switchValue)

'Case' implementation for maps which tests the groovy truth value obtained using the 'switch' operand as key. For example:

    switch( 'foo' ) {
       case [foo:true, bar:false]:
         assert true
         break
       default:
         assert false
     }

Parameters:
  `caseValue` - the case value
  `switchValue` - the switch value
Returns:
  the groovy truth value from caseValue corresponding to the switchValue key
Since:
  1.7.6

#### isCase

    public static boolean isCase(Pattern caseValue,
                 Object switchValue)

'Case' implementation for the `Pattern` class, which allows testing a String against a number of regular expressions. For example:

    switch( str ) {
       case ~/one/ :
         // the regex 'one' matches the value of str
     }

Note that this returns true for the case where both the pattern and the 'switch' values are `null`.

Parameters:
  `caseValue` - the case value
  `switchValue` - the switch value
Returns:
  true if the switchValue is deemed to match the caseValue
Since:
  1.0

#### isCase

    public static boolean isCase(Number caseValue,
                 Number switchValue)

Special 'case' implementation for all numbers, which delegates to the `compareTo()` method for comparing numbers of different types.

Parameters:
  `caseValue` - the case value
  `switchValue` - the switch value
Returns:
  true if the numbers are deemed equal
Since:
  1.5.0

#### unique

    public static <T> Iterator<T> unique(Iterator<T> self)

Returns an iterator equivalent to this iterator all duplicated items removed by using the default comparator. The original iterator will become exhausted of elements after determining the unique values. A new iterator for the unique values will be returned.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator
Returns:
  the modified Iterator
Since:
  1.5.5

#### unique

    public static <T> Collection<T> unique(Collection<T> self)

Modifies this collection to remove all duplicated items, using the default comparator.

    assert [1,3] == [1,3,3].unique()

Parameters:
  `self` - a collection
Returns:
  the now modified collection
Since:
  1.0

#### numberAwareCompareTo

    public static int numberAwareCompareTo(Comparable self,
                           Comparable other)

Provides a method that compares two comparables using Groovy's default number aware comparator.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Comparable
  `other` - another Comparable
Returns:
  a -ve number, 0 or a +ve number according to Groovy's compareTo contract
Since:
  1.6.0

#### unique

    public static <T> Iterator<T> unique(Iterator<T> self,
                         Closure closure)

Returns an iterator equivalent to this iterator but with all duplicated items removed by using a Closure to determine duplicate (equal) items. The original iterator will be fully processed after the call. If the closure takes a single parameter, the argument passed will be each element, and the closure should return a value used for comparison (either using `Comparable.compareTo(java.lang.Object)` or `Object.equals(java.lang.Object)`). If the closure takes two parameters, two items from the Iterator will be passed as arguments, and the closure should return an int value (with 0 indicating the items are not unique).

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator
  `closure` - a Closure used to determine unique items
Returns:
  the modified Iterator
Since:
  1.5.5

#### unique

    public static <T> Collection<T> unique(Collection<T> self,
                           Closure closure)

A convenience method for making a collection unique using a Closure to determine duplicate (equal) items. If the closure takes a single parameter, the argument passed will be each element, and the closure should return a value used for comparison (either using `Comparable.compareTo(java.lang.Object)` or `Object.equals(java.lang.Object)`). If the closure takes two parameters, two items from the collection will be passed as arguments, and the closure should return an int value (with 0 indicating the items are not unique).

    assert [1,4] == [1,3,4,5].unique { it % 2 }

    assert [2,3,4] == [2,3,3,4].unique { a, b -> a <=> b }

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `closure` - a 1 or 2 arg Closure used to determine unique items
Returns:
  self without any duplicates
Since:
  1.0

#### unique

    public static <T> Iterator<T> unique(Iterator<T> self,
                         Comparator<T> comparator)

Returns an iterator equivalent to this iterator with all duplicated items removed by using the supplied comparator.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator
  `comparator` - a Comparator
Returns:
  the modified Iterator
Since:
  1.5.5

#### unique

    public static <T> Collection<T> unique(Collection<T> self,
                           Comparator<T> comparator)

Remove all duplicates from a given Collection. Works on the receiver object and returns it. The order of members in the Collection are compared by the given Comparator. For each duplicate, the first member which is returned by the given Collection's iterator is retained, but all other ones are removed. The given Collection's original order is preserved.

`

         class Person {
             def fname, lname
             public String toString() {
                 return fname + " " + lname
             }
         }

         class PersonComparator implements Comparator {
             public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) {
                 Person p1 = (Person) o1
                 Person p2 = (Person) o2
                 if (p1.lname != p2.lname)
                     return p1.lname.compareTo(p2.lname)
                 else
                     return p1.fname.compareTo(p2.fname)
             }

             public boolean equals(Object obj) {
                 return this.equals(obj)
             }
         }

         Person a = new Person(fname:"John", lname:"Taylor")
         Person b = new Person(fname:"Clark", lname:"Taylor")
         Person c = new Person(fname:"Tom", lname:"Cruz")
         Person d = new Person(fname:"Clark", lname:"Taylor")

         def list = [a, b, c, d]
         List list2 = list.unique(new PersonComparator())
         assert( list2 == list && list == [a, b, c] )

`

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `comparator` - a Comparator
Returns:
  self the now modified collection without duplicates
Since:
  1.0

#### each

    public static <T> T each(T self,
             Closure closure)

Iterates through an aggregate type or data structure, passing each item to the given closure. Custom types may utilize this method by simply providing an "iterator()" method. The items returned from the resulting iterator will be passed to the closure.

Parameters:
  `self` - the object over which we iterate
  `closure` - the closure applied on each element found
Returns:
  the self Object
Since:
  1.0

#### eachWithIndex

    public static Object eachWithIndex(Object self,
                       Closure closure)

Iterates through an aggregate type or data structure, passing each item and the item's index (a counter starting at zero) to the given closure.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object
  `closure` - a Closure to operate on each item
Returns:
  the self Object
Since:
  1.0

#### each

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> each(Map<K,V> self,
                      Closure closure)

Allows a Map to be iterated through using a closure. If the closure takes one parameter then it will be passed the Map.Entry otherwise if the closure takes two parameters then it will be passed the key and the value.

    def result = ""
     [a:1, b:3].each { key, value -> result += "$key$value" }
     assert result == "a1b3"

    def result = ""
     [a:1, b:3].each { entry -> result += entry }
     assert result == "a=1b=3"

In general, the order in which the map contents are processed cannot be guaranteed. In practise, specialized forms of Map, e.g. a TreeMap will have its contents processed according to the natural ordering of the map.

Parameters:
  `self` - the map over which we iterate
  `closure` - the 1 or 2 arg closure applied on each entry of the map
Returns:
  returns the self parameter
Since:
  1.5.0

#### reverseEach

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> reverseEach(Map<K,V> self,
                             Closure closure)

Allows a Map to be iterated through in reverse order using a closure. In general, the order in which the map contents are processed cannot be guaranteed. In practise, specialized forms of Map, e.g. a TreeMap will have its contents processed according to the reverse of the natural ordering of the map.

Parameters:
  `self` - the map over which we iterate
  `closure` - the 1 or 2 arg closure applied on each entry of the map
Returns:
  returns the self parameter
Since:
  1.7.2
See Also:
  `each(Map, Closure)`

#### eachWithIndex

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> eachWithIndex(Map<K,V> self,
                               Closure closure)

Allows a Map to be iterated through using a closure. If the closure takes two parameters then it will be passed the Map.Entry and the item's index (a counter starting at zero) otherwise if the closure takes three parameters then it will be passed the key, the value, and the index.

    def result = ""
     [a:1, b:3].eachWithIndex { key, value, index -> result += "$index($key$value)" }
     assert result == "0(a1)1(b3)"

    def result = ""
     [a:1, b:3].eachWithIndex { entry, index -> result += "$index($entry)" }
     assert result == "0(a=1)1(b=3)"

Parameters:
  `self` - the map over which we iterate
  `closure` - a 2 or 3 arg Closure to operate on each item
Returns:
  the self Object
Since:
  1.5.0

#### reverseEach

    public static <T> List<T> reverseEach(List<T> self,
                          Closure closure)

Iterate over each element of the list in the reverse order.

    def result = []
     [1,2,3].reverseEach { result << it }
     assert result == [3,2,1]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `closure` - a closure to which each item is passed.
Returns:
  the original list
Since:
  1.5.0

#### reverseEach

    public static <T> T[] reverseEach(T[] self,
                      Closure closure)

Iterate over each element of the array in the reverse order.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object array
  `closure` - a closure to which each item is passed
Returns:
  the original array
Since:
  1.5.2

#### reverse

    public static <T> T[] reverse(T[] self)

Reverse the items in an Object array.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object array
Returns:
  an array containing the reversed items
Since:
  1.5.5

#### every

    public static boolean every(Object self,
                Closure closure)

Used to determine if the given predicate closure is valid (i.e.&nsbp;returns `true` for all items in this data structure). A simple example for a list:

    def list = [3,4,5]
     def greaterThanTwo = list.every { it > 2 }

Parameters:
  `self` - the object over which we iterate
  `closure` - the closure predicate used for matching
Returns:
  true if every iteration of the object matches the closure predicate
Since:
  1.0

#### every

    public static <K,V> boolean every(Map<K,V> self,
                      Closure closure)

Iterates over the entries of a map, and checks whether a predicate is valid for all entries. If the closure takes one parameter then it will be passed the Map.Entry otherwise if the closure takes two parameters then it will be passed the key and the value.

    def map = [a:1, b:2.0, c:2L]
     assert !map.every { key, value -> value instanceof Integer }
     assert map.every { entry -> entry.value instanceof Number }

Parameters:
  `self` - the map over which we iterate
  `closure` - the 1 or 2 arg Closure predicate used for matching
Returns:
  true if every entry of the map matches the closure predicate
Since:
  1.5.0

#### every

    public static boolean every(Object self)

Iterates over every element of a collection, and checks whether all elements are `true` according to the Groovy Truth. Equivalent to `self.every({element -> element})`

Parameters:
  `self` - the object over which we iterate
Returns:
  true if every item in the collection matches the closure predicate
Since:
  1.5.0

#### any

    public static boolean any(Object self,
              Closure closure)

Iterates over the contents of an object or collection, and checks whether a predicate is valid for at least one element.

Parameters:
  `self` - the object over which we iterate
  `closure` - the closure predicate used for matching
Returns:
  true if any iteration for the object matches the closure predicate
Since:
  1.0

#### any

    public static <K,V> boolean any(Map<K,V> self,
                    Closure closure)

Iterates over the entries of a map, and checks whether a predicate is valid for at least one entry. If the closure takes one parameter then it will be passed the Map.Entry otherwise if the closure takes two parameters then it will be passed the key and the value.

    assert [2:3, 4:5, 5:10].any { key, value -> key * 2 == value }
     assert ![2:3, 4:5, 5:10].any { entry -> entry.key == entry.value * 2 }

Parameters:
  `self` - the map over which we iterate
  `closure` - the 1 or 2 arg closure predicate used for matching
Returns:
  true if any entry in the map matches the closure predicate
Since:
  1.5.0

#### any

    public static boolean any(Object self)

Iterates over the elements of a collection, and checks whether at least one element is true according to the Groovy Truth. Equivalent to self.any({element -> element})

Parameters:
  `self` - the object over which we iterate
Returns:
  true if any item in the collection matches the closure predicate
Since:
  1.5.0

#### grep

    public static Collection grep(Object self,
                  Object filter)

Iterates over every element of the collection and returns each item that matches the given filter - calling the ``isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)`` method used by switch statements. This method can be used with different kinds of filters like regular expressions, classes, ranges etc. Example:

    def list = ['a', 'b', 'aa', 'bc' ]
     def filtered = list.grep( ~/a+/ ) //contains 'a' and 'aa'

Parameters:
  `self` - the object over which we iterate
  `filter` - the filter to perform on the object (using the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method)
Returns:
  a collection of objects which match the filter
Since:
  1.5.6

#### count

    public static Number count(Iterator self,
               Object value)

Counts the number of occurrences of the given value from the items within this Iterator. Comparison is done using Groovy's == operator (using `compareTo(value) == 0` or `equals(value)` ). The iterator will become exhausted of elements after determining the count value.

Parameters:
  `self` - the Iterator from which we count the number of matching occurrences
  `value` - the value being searched for
Returns:
  the number of occurrences
Since:
  1.5.0

#### count

    public static Number count(Collection self,
               Object value)

Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this collection. Comparison is done using Groovy's == operator (using `compareTo(value) == 0` or `equals(value)` ).

    assert [2,4,2,1,3,5,2,4,3].count(4) == 2

Parameters:
  `self` - the collection within which we count the number of occurrences
  `value` - the value being searched for
Returns:
  the number of occurrences
Since:
  1.0

#### count

    public static Number count(Object[] self,
               Object value)

Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array. Comparison is done using Groovy's == operator (using `compareTo(value) == 0` or `equals(value)` ).

Parameters:
  `self` - the array within which we count the number of occurrences
  `value` - the value being searched for
Returns:
  the number of occurrences
Since:
  1.6.4

#### count

    public static Number count(int[] self,
               Object value)

Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array. Comparison is done using Groovy's == operator (using `compareTo(value) == 0` or `equals(value)` ).

Parameters:
  `self` - the array within which we count the number of occurrences
  `value` - the value being searched for
Returns:
  the number of occurrences
Since:
  1.6.4

#### count

    public static Number count(long[] self,
               Object value)

Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array. Comparison is done using Groovy's == operator (using `compareTo(value) == 0` or `equals(value)` ).

Parameters:
  `self` - the array within which we count the number of occurrences
  `value` - the value being searched for
Returns:
  the number of occurrences
Since:
  1.6.4

#### count

    public static Number count(short[] self,
               Object value)

Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array. Comparison is done using Groovy's == operator (using `compareTo(value) == 0` or `equals(value)` ).

Parameters:
  `self` - the array within which we count the number of occurrences
  `value` - the value being searched for
Returns:
  the number of occurrences
Since:
  1.6.4

#### count

    public static Number count(char[] self,
               Object value)

Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array. Comparison is done using Groovy's == operator (using `compareTo(value) == 0` or `equals(value)` ).

Parameters:
  `self` - the array within which we count the number of occurrences
  `value` - the value being searched for
Returns:
  the number of occurrences
Since:
  1.6.4

#### count

    public static Number count(boolean[] self,
               Object value)

Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array. Comparison is done using Groovy's == operator (using `compareTo(value) == 0` or `equals(value)` ).

Parameters:
  `self` - the array within which we count the number of occurrences
  `value` - the value being searched for
Returns:
  the number of occurrences
Since:
  1.6.4

#### count

    public static Number count(double[] self,
               Object value)

Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array. Comparison is done using Groovy's == operator (using `compareTo(value) == 0` or `equals(value)` ).

Parameters:
  `self` - the array within which we count the number of occurrences
  `value` - the value being searched for
Returns:
  the number of occurrences
Since:
  1.6.4

#### count

    public static Number count(float[] self,
               Object value)

Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array. Comparison is done using Groovy's == operator (using `compareTo(value) == 0` or `equals(value)` ).

Parameters:
  `self` - the array within which we count the number of occurrences
  `value` - the value being searched for
Returns:
  the number of occurrences
Since:
  1.6.4

#### count

    public static Number count(byte[] self,
               Object value)

Counts the number of occurrences of the given value inside this array. Comparison is done using Groovy's == operator (using `compareTo(value) == 0` or `equals(value)` ).

Parameters:
  `self` - the array within which we count the number of occurrences
  `value` - the value being searched for
Returns:
  the number of occurrences
Since:
  1.6.4

#### toList

    public static <T> List<T> toList(Collection<T> self)

Convert a Collection to a List. Always returns a new List even if the Collection is already a List.

Example usage:

    def x = [1,2,3] as HashSet
     assert x.class == HashSet
     assert x.toList() instanceof List

Parameters:
  `self` - a collection
Returns:
  a List
Since:
  1.0

#### toList

    public static <T> List<T> toList(Iterator<T> self)

Convert an iterator to a List. The iterator will become exhausted of elements after making this conversion.

Parameters:
  `self` - an iterator
Returns:
  a List
Since:
  1.5.0

#### toList

    public static <T> List<T> toList(Enumeration<T> self)

Convert an enumeration to a List.

Parameters:
  `self` - an enumeration
Returns:
  a List
Since:
  1.5.0

#### collect

    public static List collect(Object self,
               Closure closure)

Iterates through this object transforming each value into a new value using the closure as a transformer, returning a list of transformed values. Example:

    def list = [1, 'a', 1.23, true ]
     def types = list.collect { it.class }
     assert types == [Integer, String, BigDecimal, Boolean]

Parameters:
  `self` - the values of the object to transform
  `closure` - the closure used to transform each element of the collection
Returns:
  a List of the transformed values
Since:
  1.0

#### collect

    public static Collection collect(Object self,
                     Collection collection,
                     Closure closure)

Iterates through this object transforming each object into a new value using the closure as a transformer and adding it to the collection, returning the resulting collection.

Parameters:
  `self` - the values of the object to transform
  `collection` - the Collection to which the transformed values are added
  `closure` - the closure used to map each element of the collection
Returns:
  the given collection after the transformed values are added
Since:
  1.0

#### collect

    public static List collect(Collection self,
               Closure closure)

Iterates through this collection transforming each entry into a new value using the closure as a transformer, returning a list of transformed values.

    assert [2,4,6] == [1,2,3].collect { it * 2 }

Parameters:
  `self` - a collection
  `closure` - the closure used for mapping
Returns:
  a List of the transformed values
Since:
  1.0

#### collect

    public static Collection collect(Collection self,
                     Collection collection,
                     Closure closure)

Iterates through this collection transforming each value into a new value using the closure as a transformer, returning an initial collection plus the transformed values.

    assert [1,2,3] as HashSet == [2,4,5,6].collect(new HashSet()) { (int)(it / 2) }

Parameters:
  `self` - a collection
  `collection` - an initial Collection to which the transformed values are added
  `closure` - the closure used to transform each element of the collection
Returns:
  the resulting collection of transformed values
Since:
  1.0

#### collectAll

    public static List collectAll(Collection self,
                  Closure closure)

Recursively iterates through this collection transforming each non-Collection value into a new value using the closure as a transformer. Returns a potentially nested list of transformed values.

    assert [2,[4,6],[8],[]] == [1,[2,3],[4],[]].collectAll { it * 2 }

Parameters:
  `self` - a collection
  `closure` - the closure used to transform each element of the collection
Returns:
  the resultant collection
Since:
  1.5.2

#### collectAll

    public static Collection collectAll(Collection self,
                        Collection collection,
                        Closure closure)

Recursively iterates through this collection transforming each non-Collection value into a new value using the closure as a transformer. Returns a potentially nested collection of transformed values.

    def x = [1,[2,3],[4],[]].collectAll(new Vector()) { it * 2 }
     assert x == [2,[4,6],[8],[]]
     assert x instanceof Vector

Parameters:
  `self` - a collection
  `collection` - an initial Collection to which the transformed values are added
  `closure` - the closure used to transform each element of the collection
Returns:
  the resultant collection
Since:
  1.5.2

#### collect

    public static Collection collect(Map self,
                     Collection collection,
                     Closure closure)

Iterates through this Map transforming each entry into a new value using the closure as a transformer, returning a list of transformed values.

    assert [a:1, b:2].collect( [] as HashSet ) { key, value -> key*value } == ["a", "bb"] as Set
     assert [3:20, 2:30].collect( [] as HashSet ) { entry -> entry.key * entry.value } == [60] as Set

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `collection` - the Collection to which the mapped values are added
  `closure` - the closure used for mapping, which can take one (Map.Entry) or two (key, value) parameters
Returns:
  a List of the mapped values
Since:
  1.0

#### collect

    public static List collect(Map self,
               Closure closure)

Iterates through this Map transforming each entry into a new value using the closure as a transformer, returning a list of transformed values.

    assert [a:1, b:2].collect { key, value -> key*value } == ["a", "bb"]
     assert [3:20, 2:30].collect { entry -> entry.key * entry.value } == [60, 60]

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `closure` - the closure used to map each element of the collection
Returns:
  the resultant collection
Since:
  1.0

#### collectEntries

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> collectEntries(Map<?,?> self,
                                Map<K,V> result,
                                Closure closure)

Iterates through this Map transforming each entry using the closure as a transformer, returning a map of the transformed entries.

     assert [a:1, b:2].collectEntries( [:] ) { k, v -> [v, k] } == [1:'a', 2:'b']
     assert [a:1, b:2].collectEntries( [30:'C'] ) { key, value ->
         [(value*10): key.toUpperCase()] } == [10:'A', 20:'B', 30:'C']

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `result` - the Map into which the mapped entries are put
  `closure` - the closure used for mapping, which can take one (Map.Entry) or two (key, value) parameters and should return a Map.Entry, a Map or a two-element list containing the resulting key and value
Returns:
  a Map of the transformed entries
Since:
  1.7.9
See Also:
  `collect(Map, Collection, Closure)`

#### collectEntries

    public static Map<?,?> collectEntries(Map<?,?> self,
                          Closure closure)

Iterates through this Map transforming each entry using the closure as a transformer, returning a map of the transformed entries.

     assert [a:1, b:2].collectEntries { key, value -> [value, key] } == [1:'a', 2:'b']
     assert [a:1, b:2].collectEntries { key, value ->
         [(value*10): key.toUpperCase()] } == [10:'A', 20:'B']

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `closure` - the closure used for mapping, which can take one (Map.Entry) or two (key, value) parameters and should return a Map.Entry, a Map or a two-element list containing the resulting key and value
Returns:
  a Map of the transformed entries
Since:
  1.7.9
See Also:
  `collect(Map, Collection, Closure)`

#### collectEntries

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> collectEntries(Collection<?> self,
                                Map<K,V> result,
                                Closure closure)

Iterates through this Collection transforming each item using the closure as a transformer into a map entry, returning a map of the transformed entries.

     def letters = "abc"
     // collect letters with index
     assert (0..2).collectEntries( [:] ) { index -> [index, letters[index]] } == [0:'a', 1:'b', 2:'c']
     assert (0..2).collectEntries( [4:'d'] ) { index ->
         [(index+1): letters[index]] } == [1:'a', 2:'b', 3:'c', 4:'d']

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `result` - the Map into which the collected entries are put
  `closure` - the closure used for mapping, which has an item from self as the parameter and should return a Map.Entry, a Map or a two-element list containing the resulting key and value
Returns:
  a Map of the transformed entries
Since:
  1.7.9
See Also:
  `collect(Map, Collection, Closure)`

#### collectEntries

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> collectEntries(Object[] self,
                                Map<K,V> result,
                                Closure closure)

Iterates through this array transforming each item using the closure as a transformer into a map entry, returning a map of the transformed entries.

     def letters = "abc"
     def nums = [0, 1, 2] as Integer[]
     // collect letters with index
     assert nums.collectEntries( [:] ) { index -> [index, letters[index]] } == [0:'a', 1:'b', 2:'c']
     assert nums.collectEntries( [4:'d'] ) { index ->
         [(index+1): letters[index]] } == [1:'a', 2:'b', 3:'c', 4:'d']

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `result` - the Map into which the collected entries are put
  `closure` - the closure used for mapping, which has an item from self as the parameter and should return a Map.Entry, a Map or a two-element list containing the resulting key and value
Returns:
  a Map of the transformed entries
Since:
  1.7.9
See Also:
  `collect(Map, Collection, Closure)`

#### collectEntries

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> collectEntries(Collection<?> self,
                                Closure closure)

Iterates through this Collection transforming each item using the closure as a transformer into a map entry, returning a map of the transformed entries.

     def letters = "abc"
     // collect letters with index using list style
     assert (0..2).collectEntries { index -> [index, letters[index]] } == [0:'a', 1:'b', 2:'c']
     // collect letters with index using map style
     assert (0..2).collectEntries { index -> [(index): letters[index]] } == [0:'a', 1:'b', 2:'c']

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `closure` - the closure used for mapping, which has an item from self as the parameter and should return a Map.Entry, a Map or a two-element list containing the resulting key and value
Returns:
  a Map of the transformed entries
Since:
  1.7.9
See Also:
  `collectEntries(Collection, Map, Closure)`

#### collectEntries

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> collectEntries(Object[] self,
                                Closure closure)

Iterates through this array transforming each item using the closure as a transformer into a map entry, returning a map of the transformed entries.

     def letters = "abc"
     def nums = [0, 1, 2] as Integer[]
     // collect letters with index using list style
     assert nums.collectEntries { index -> [index, letters[index]] } == [0:'a', 1:'b', 2:'c']
     // collect letters with index using map style
     assert nums.collectEntries { index -> [(index): letters[index]] } == [0:'a', 1:'b', 2:'c']

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `closure` - the closure used for mapping, which has an item from self as the parameter and should return a Map.Entry, a Map or a two-element list containing the resulting key and value
Returns:
  a Map of the transformed entries
Since:
  1.7.9
See Also:
  `collectEntries(Collection, Map, Closure)`

#### find

    public static Object find(Object self,
              Closure closure)

Finds the first value matching the closure condition

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object with an iterator returning its values
  `closure` - a closure condition
Returns:
  the first Object found
Since:
  1.0

#### findResult

    public static Object findResult(Object self,
                    Object defaultResult,
                    Closure closure)

Iterates through the object and returns the first non-null result from the closure, otherwise returns the defaultResult

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object with an iterator returning its values
  `defaultResult` - an Object that should be returned if all closure results are null
  `closure` - a closure that returns a non-null value when processing should stop
Returns:
  the first non-null result of the closure, otherwise the default value
Since:
  1.7.5

#### findResult

    public static Object findResult(Object self,
                    Closure closure)

Iterates through the object and returns the first non-null result from the closure

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object with an iterator returning its values
  `closure` - a closure that returns a non-null value when processing should stop
Returns:
  the first non-null result of the closure
Since:
  1.7.5

#### find

    public static <T> T find(Collection<T> self,
             Closure closure)

Finds the first value matching the closure condition. Example:

    def list = [1,2,3]
     assert 2 == list.find { it > 1 }

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `closure` - a closure condition
Returns:
  the first Object found
Since:
  1.0

#### findResult

    public static <T> Object findResult(Collection<T> self,
                        Object defaultResult,
                        Closure closure)

Iterates through the object and returns the first non-null result from the closure, if all are null, it returns the defaultResult. Examples:

    def list = [1,2,3]
     assert "Found 2" == list.findResult("default") { it > 1 ? "Found $it" : null }

     assert "default" == list.findResult("default") { it > 3 ? "Found $it" : null }

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `defaultResult` - an Object that should be returned if all closure results are null
  `closure` - a closure that returns a non-null value when processing should stop and a value should be returned
Returns:
  the first non-null result of the closure
Since:
  1.7.5

#### findResult

    public static <T> Object findResult(Collection<T> self,
                        Closure closure)

Iterates through the object and returns the first non-null result from the closure. Example:

    def list = [1,2,3]
     assert "Found 2" == list.findResult { it > 1 ? "Found $it" : null }

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `closure` - a closure that returns a non-null value when processing should stop and a value should be returned
Returns:
  the first non-null result of the closure
Since:
  1.7.5

#### find

    public static <K,V> Map.Entry<K,V> find(Map<K,V> self,
                            Closure closure)

Finds the first entry matching the closure condition. If the closure takes two parameters, the entry key and value are passed. If the closure takes one parameter, the Map.Entry object is passed.

    assert [a:1, b:3].find { it.value == 3 }.key == "b"

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `closure` - a 1 or 2 arg Closure condition
Returns:
  the first Object found
Since:
  1.0

#### findResult

    public static <K,V> Object findResult(Map<K,V> self,
                          Object defaultResult,
                          Closure closure)

Returns the first non-null closure result by passing each map entry to the closure, otherwise it returns the defaultResult. If the closure takes two parameters, the entry key and value are passed. If the closure takes one parameter, the Map.Entry object is passed.

         assert "Found b:3" == [a:1, b:3].findResult("default") { if (it.value == 3) return "Found ${it.key}:${it.value}" }

         assert "default" == [a:1, b:3].findResult("default") { if (it.value == 9) return "Found ${it.key}:${it.value}" }

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `defaultResult` - an Object that should be returned if all closure results are null
  `closure` - a 1 or 2 arg Closure that returns a non-null value when processing should stop and a value should be returned
Returns:
  a Map.Entry where the key is the key of the first non-null result of the closure and the value is that result
Since:
  1.7.5

#### findResult

    public static <K,V> Object findResult(Map<K,V> self,
                          Closure closure)

Returns the first non-null closure result by passing each map entry to the closure. If the closure takes two parameters, the entry key and value are passed. If the closure takes one parameter, the Map.Entry object is passed.

         assert "Found b:3" == [a:1, b:3].findResult { if (it.value == 3) return "Found ${it.key}:${it.value}" }

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `closure` - a 1 or 2 arg Closure that returns a non-null value when processing should stop and a value should be returned
Returns:
  a Map.Entry where the key is the key of the first non-null result of the closure and the value is that result
Since:
  1.7.5

#### findAll

    public static <T> Collection<T> findAll(Collection<T> self,
                            Closure closure)

Finds all values matching the closure condition.

    assert [2,4] == [1,2,3,4].findAll { it % 2 == 0 }

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `closure` - a closure condition
Returns:
  a Collection of matching values
Since:
  1.5.6

#### findAll

    public static Collection findAll(Object self,
                     Closure closure)

Finds all items matching the closure condition.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object with an Iterator returning its values
  `closure` - a closure condition
Returns:
  a List of the values found
Since:
  1.6.0

#### containsAll

    public static boolean containsAll(Collection self,
                      Object[] items)

Returns `true` if this collection contains all of the elements in the specified array.

Parameters:
  `items` - array to be checked for containment in this collection
Returns:
  `true` if this collection contains all of the elements in the specified array
Since:
  1.7.2
See Also:
  `Collection.containsAll(Collection)`

#### removeAll

    public static <T> boolean removeAll(Collection<T> self,
                        T[] items)

Removes all of this collection's elements that are also contained in the specified array. After this call returns, this collection will contain no elements in common with the specified array.

Parameters:
  `items` - array containing elements to be removed from this collection
Returns:
  `true` if this collection changed as a result of the call
Since:
  1.7.2
See Also:
  `Collection.removeAll(Collection)`

#### retainAll

    public static <T> boolean retainAll(Collection<T> self,
                        T[] items)

Retains only the elements in this collection that are contained in the specified array. In other words, removes from this collection all of its elements that are not contained in the specified array.

Parameters:
  `items` - array containing elements to be retained from this collection
Returns:
  `true` if this collection changed as a result of the call
Since:
  1.7.2
See Also:
  `Collection.retainAll(Collection)`

#### retainAll

    public static boolean retainAll(Collection self,
                    Closure closure)

Retains only the elements in this collection that are matched according to the specified closure condition. In other words, removes from this collection all of its elements that don't match.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection to be modified
  `closure` - a closure condition
Returns:
  `true` if this collection changed as a result of the call
Since:
  1.7.2
See Also:
  `Iterator.remove()`

#### removeAll

    public static boolean removeAll(Collection self,
                    Closure closure)

Removes the elements in this collection that are matched according to the specified closure condition.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection to be modified
  `closure` - a closure condition
Returns:
  `true` if this collection changed as a result of the call
Since:
  1.7.2
See Also:
  `Iterator.remove()`

#### addAll

    public static <T> boolean addAll(Collection<T> self,
                     T[] items)

Adds all of the elements in the specified array to this collection. The behavior of this operation is undefined if the specified array is modified while the operation is in progress.

Parameters:
  `items` - array containing elements to be added to this collection
Returns:
  `true` if this collection changed as a result of the call
Since:
  1.7.2
See Also:
  `Collection.addAll(Collection)`

#### addAll

    public static <T> boolean addAll(List<T> self,
                     int index,
                     T[] items)

Inserts all of the elements in the specified array into this list at the specified position. Shifts the element currently at that position (if any) and any subsequent elements to the right (increases their indices). The new elements will appear in this list in the order that they occur in the array. The behavior of this operation is undefined if the specified array is modified while the operation is in progress.

Parameters:
  `items` - array containing elements to be added to this collection
  `index` - index at which to insert the first element from the specified array
Returns:
  `true` if this collection changed as a result of the call
Since:
  1.7.2
See Also:
  `List.addAll(int, Collection)`

#### split

    public static Collection split(Object self,
                   Closure closure)

Splits all items into two lists based on the closure condition. The first list contains all items matching the closure expression. The second list all those that don't.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object with an Iterator returning its values
  `closure` - a closure condition
Returns:
  a List containing whose first item is the accepted values and whose second item is the rejected values
Since:
  1.6.0

#### split

    public static <T> Collection<Collection<T>> split(Collection<T> self,
                                      Closure closure)

Splits all items into two collections based on the closure condition. The first list contains all items which match the closure expression. The second list all those that don't.

    assert [[2,4],[1,3]] == [1,2,3,4].split { it % 2 == 0 }

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection of values
  `closure` - a closure condition
Returns:
  a List containing whose first item is the accepted values and whose second item is the rejected values
Since:
  1.6.0

#### combinations

    public static List combinations(Collection self)

Adds GroovyCollections#combinations(Collection) as a method on collections.

    assert [['a', 'b'],[1, 2, 3]].combinations() == [['a', 1], ['b', 1], ['a', 2], ['b', 2], ['a', 3], ['b', 3]]

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection of lists
Returns:
  a List of the combinations found
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `GroovyCollections.combinations(java.util.Collection)`

#### subsequences

    public static <T> Set<List<T>> subsequences(List<T> self)

Finds all non-null subsequences of a list. E.g.

    def result = [1, 2, 3].subsequences()
     assert result == [[1, 2, 3], [1, 3], [2, 3], [1, 2], [1], [2], [3]] as Set

Parameters:
  `self` - the List of items
Returns:
  the subsequences from the list
Since:
  1.7.0

#### permutations

    public static <T> Set<List<T>> permutations(List<T> self)

Finds all permutations of a collection. E.g.

    def result = [1, 2, 3].permutations()
     assert result == [[3, 2, 1], [3, 1, 2], [1, 3, 2], [2, 3, 1], [2, 1, 3], [1, 2, 3]] as Set

Parameters:
  `self` - the Collection of items
Returns:
  the permutations from the list
Since:
  1.7.0

#### eachPermutation

    public static <T> Iterator<List<T>> eachPermutation(Collection<T> self,
                                        Closure closure)

Iterates over all permutations of a collection, running a closure for each iteration.

    def permutations = []
     [1, 2, 3].eachPermutation{ permutations << it }
     assert permutations == [[1, 2, 3], [1, 3, 2], [2, 1, 3], [2, 3, 1], [3, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1]]

Parameters:
  `self` - the Collection of items
  `closure` - the closure to call for each permutation
Returns:
  the permutations from the list
Since:
  1.7.0

#### transpose

    public static List transpose(List self)

Adds GroovyCollections#transpose(List) as a method on lists.

    def result = [['a', 'b'], [1, 2]].transpose()
     assert result == [['a', 1], ['b', 2]]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List of lists
Returns:
  a List of the transposed lists
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `GroovyCollections.transpose(java.util.List)`

#### findAll

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> findAll(Map<K,V> self,
                         Closure closure)

Finds all entries matching the closure condition. If the closure takes one parameter then it will be passed the Map.Entry. Otherwise if the closure should take two parameters, which will be the key and the value.

If the `self` map is one of TreeMap, LinkedHashMap, Hashtable or Properties, the returned Map will preserve that type, otherwise a HashMap will be returned.

    def result = [a:1, b:2, c:4, d:5].findAll { it.value % 2 == 0 }
     assert result.every { it instanceof Map.Entry }
     assert result*.key == ["b", "c"]
     assert result*.value == [2, 4]

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `closure` - a 1 or 2 arg Closure condition applying on the entries
Returns:
  a new subMap
Since:
  1.0

#### groupBy

    public static <T> Map<Object,List<T>> groupBy(Collection<T> self,
                                  Closure closure)

Sorts all collection members into groups determined by the supplied mapping closure. The closure should return the key that this item should be grouped by. The returned LinkedHashMap will have an entry for each distinct key returned from the closure, with each value being a list of items for that group.

    assert [0:[2,4,6], 1:[1,3,5]] == [1,2,3,4,5,6].groupBy { it % 2 }

Parameters:
  `self` - a collection to group
  `closure` - a closure mapping entries on keys
Returns:
  a new Map grouped by keys
Since:
  1.0

#### groupEntriesBy

    public static <K,V> Map<Object,List<Map.Entry<K,V>>> groupEntriesBy(Map<K,V> self,
                                                        Closure closure)

Groups all map entries into groups determined by the supplied mapping closure. The closure will be passed a Map.Entry or key and value (depending on the number of parameters the closure accepts) and should return the key that each item should be grouped under. The resulting map will have an entry for each 'group' key returned by the closure, with values being the list of map entries that belong to each group. (If instead of a list of map entries, you want an actual map use {code}groupBy{code}.)

    def result = [a:1,b:2,c:3,d:4,e:5,f:6].groupEntriesBy { it.value % 2 }
     assert result[0]*.key == ["b", "d", "f"]
     assert result[1]*.value == [1, 3, 5]

Parameters:
  `self` - a map to group
  `closure` - a 1 or 2 arg Closure mapping entries on keys
Returns:
  a new Map grouped by keys
Since:
  1.5.2

#### groupBy

    public static <K,V> Map<Object,Map<K,V>> groupBy(Map<K,V> self,
                                     Closure closure)

Groups the members of a map into sub maps determined by the supplied mapping closure. The closure will be passed a Map.Entry or key and value (depending on the number of parameters the closure accepts) and should return the key that each item should be grouped under. The resulting map will have an entry for each 'group' key returned by the closure, with values being the map members from the original map that belong to each group. (If instead of a map, you want a list of map entries use {code}groupEntriesBy{code}.)

If the `self` map is one of TreeMap, Hashtable or Properties, the returned Map will preserve that type, otherwise a LinkedHashMap will be returned.

    def result = [a:1,b:2,c:3,d:4,e:5,f:6].groupBy { it.value % 2 }
     assert result == [0:[b:2, d:4, f:6], 1:[a:1, c:3, e:5]]

Parameters:
  `self` - a map to group
  `closure` - a closure mapping entries on keys
Returns:
  a new Map grouped by keys
Since:
  1.0

#### groupAnswer

    protected static <T> void groupAnswer(Map<Object,List<T>> answer,
                       T element,
                       Object value)

Groups the current element according to the value

Parameters:
  `answer` - the map containing the results
  `element` - the element to be placed
  `value` - the value according to which the element will be placed
Since:
  1.5.0

#### callClosureForMapEntry

    protected static Object callClosureForMapEntry(Closure closure,
                                Map.Entry entry)

#### callClosureForLine

    protected static Object callClosureForLine(Closure closure,
                            String line,
                            int counter)

#### callClosureForMapEntryAndCounter

    protected static Object callClosureForMapEntryAndCounter(Closure closure,
                                          Map.Entry entry,
                                          int counter)

#### inject

    public static Object inject(Collection self,
                Object value,
                Closure closure)

Iterates through the given Collection, passing in the initial value to the 2-arg closure along with the first item. The result is passed back (injected) into the closure along with the second item. The new result is injected back into the closure along with the third item and so on until the entire collection has been used. Also known as `foldLeft` in functional parlance.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `value` - a value
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value of the last iteration
Since:
  1.0

#### inject

    public static Object inject(Iterator self,
                Object value,
                Closure closure)

Iterates through the given Iterator, passing in the initial value to the closure along with the first item. The result is passed back (injected) into the closure along with the second item. The new result is injected back into the closure along with the third item and so on until the Iterator has been expired of values. Also known as foldLeft in functional parlance.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `value` - a value
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value of the last iteration
Since:
  1.5.0

#### inject

    public static Object inject(Object self,
                Object value,
                Closure closure)

Iterates through the given Object, passing in the initial value to the closure along with the first item. The result is passed back (injected) into the closure along with the second item. The new result is injected back into the closure along with the third item and so on until further iteration of the object is not possible. Also known as foldLeft in functional parlance.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `value` - a value
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value of the last iteration
Since:
  1.5.0

#### inject

    public static Object inject(Object[] self,
                Object initialValue,
                Closure closure)

Iterates through the given array, passing in the initial value to the closure along with the first item. The result is passed back (injected) into the closure along with the second item. The new result is injected back into the closure along with the third item and so on until all elements of the array have been used. Also known as foldLeft in functional parlance.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object[]
  `initialValue` - an initialValue
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value of the last iteration
Since:
  1.5.0

#### sum

    public static Object sum(Collection self)

Sums the items in a collection. This is equivalent to invoking the "plus" method on all items in the collection.

    assert 1+2+3+4 == [1,2,3,4].sum()

Parameters:
  `self` - Collection of values to add together
Returns:
  The sum of all of the items
Since:
  1.0

#### sum

    public static Object sum(Object[] self)

Sums the items in an array. This is equivalent to invoking the "plus" method on all items in the array.

Parameters:
  `self` - The array of values to add together
Returns:
  The sum of all of the items
Since:
  1.7.1
See Also:
  `sum(java.util.Collection)`

#### sum

    public static Object sum(Iterator<Object> self)

Sums the items from an Iterator. This is equivalent to invoking the "plus" method on all items from the Iterator. The iterator will become exhausted of elements after determining the sum value.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator for the values to add together
Returns:
  The sum of all of the items
Since:
  1.5.5

#### sum

    public static Object sum(Collection self,
             Object initialValue)

Sums the items in a collection, adding the result to some initial value.

    assert 5+1+2+3+4 == [1,2,3,4].sum(5)

Parameters:
  `self` - a collection of values to sum
  `initialValue` - the items in the collection will be summed to this initial value
Returns:
  The sum of all of the items.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### sum

    public static Object sum(Object[] self,
             Object initialValue)

Sums the items in an array, adding the result to some initial value.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array of values to sum
  `initialValue` - the items in the array will be summed to this initial value
Returns:
  The sum of all of the items.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### sum

    public static Object sum(Iterator<Object> self,
             Object initialValue)

Sums the items from an Iterator, adding the result to some initial value. This is equivalent to invoking the "plus" method on all items from the Iterator. The iterator will become exhausted of elements after determining the sum value.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator for the values to add together
  `initialValue` - the items in the collection will be summed to this initial value
Returns:
  The sum of all of the items
Since:
  1.5.5

#### sum

    public static Object sum(Collection self,
             Closure closure)

Sums the result of apply a closure to each item of a collection. `coll.sum(closure)` is equivalent to: `coll.collect(closure).sum()`.

    assert 4+6+10+12 == [2,3,5,6].sum() { it * 2 }

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `closure` - a single parameter closure that returns a numeric value.
Returns:
  The sum of the values returned by applying the closure to each item of the collection.
Since:
  1.0

#### sum

    public static Object sum(Object[] self,
             Closure closure)

Sums the result of apply a closure to each item of an array. `array.sum(closure)` is equivalent to: `array.collect(closure).sum()`.

Parameters:
  `self` - An array
  `closure` - a single parameter closure that returns a numeric value.
Returns:
  The sum of the values returned by applying the closure to each item of the array.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### sum

    public static Object sum(Iterator<Object> self,
             Closure closure)

Sums the result of apply a closure to each item returned from an iterator. `iter.sum(closure)` is equivalent to: `iter.collect(closure).sum()`. The iterator will become exhausted of elements after determining the sum value.

Parameters:
  `self` - An Iterator
  `closure` - a single parameter closure that returns a numeric value.
Returns:
  The sum of the values returned by applying the closure to each item from the Iterator.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### sum

    public static Object sum(Collection self,
             Object initialValue,
             Closure closure)

Sums the result of applying a closure to each item of a collection to some initial value. `coll.sum(initVal, closure)` is equivalent to: `coll.collect(closure).sum(initVal)`.

    assert 50+4+6+10+12 == [2,3,5,6].sum(50) { it * 2 }

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `closure` - a single parameter closure that returns a numeric value.
  `initialValue` - the closure results will be summed to this initial value
Returns:
  The sum of the values returned by applying the closure to each item of the collection.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### sum

    public static Object sum(Object[] self,
             Object initialValue,
             Closure closure)

Sums the result of applying a closure to each item of an array to some initial value. `array.sum(initVal, closure)` is equivalent to: `array.collect(closure).sum(initVal)`.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array
  `closure` - a single parameter closure that returns a numeric value.
  `initialValue` - the closure results will be summed to this initial value
Returns:
  The sum of the values returned by applying the closure to each item of the array.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### sum

    public static Object sum(Iterator<Object> self,
             Object initialValue,
             Closure closure)

Sums the result of applying a closure to each item of an Iterator to some initial value. `iter.sum(initVal, closure)` is equivalent to: `iter.collect(closure).sum(initVal)`. The iterator will become exhausted of elements after determining the sum value.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator
  `closure` - a single parameter closure that returns a numeric value.
  `initialValue` - the closure results will be summed to this initial value
Returns:
  The sum of the values returned by applying the closure to each item from the Iterator.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### join

    public static String join(Iterator<Object> self,
              String separator)

Concatenates the `toString()` representation of each item from the iterator, with the given String as a separator between each item. The iterator will become exhausted of elements after determining the resulting conjoined value.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator of items
  `separator` - a String separator
Returns:
  the joined String
Since:
  1.5.5

#### join

    public static String join(Collection self,
              String separator)

Concatenates the `toString()` representation of each item in this collection, with the given String as a separator between each item.

    assert "1, 2, 3" == [1,2,3].join(", ")

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection of objects
  `separator` - a String separator
Returns:
  the joined String
Since:
  1.0

#### join

    public static String join(Object[] self,
              String separator)

Concatenates the `toString()` representation of each items in this array, with the given String as a separator between each item.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array of Object
  `separator` - a String separator
Returns:
  the joined String
Since:
  1.0

#### min

    public static <T> T min(Collection<T> self)

Adds min() method to Collection objects.

    assert 2 == [4,2,5].min()

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
Returns:
  the minimum value
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `GroovyCollections.min(java.util.Collection)`

#### min

    public static <T> T min(Iterator<T> self)

Adds min() method to Iterator objects. The iterator will become exhausted of elements after determining the minimum value.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator
Returns:
  the minimum value
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `min(java.util.Collection)`

#### min

    public static <T> T min(T[] self)

Adds min() method to Object arrays.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object array
Returns:
  the minimum value
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `min(java.util.Collection)`

#### min

    public static <T> T min(Collection<T> self,
            Comparator<T> comparator)

Selects the minimum value found in the collection using the given comparator.

    assert "hi" == ["hello","hi","hey"].min( { a, b -> a.length() <=> b.length() } as Comparator )

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `comparator` - a Comparator
Returns:
  the minimum value
Since:
  1.0

#### min

    public static <T> T min(Iterator<T> self,
            Comparator<T> comparator)

Selects the minimum value found from the Iterator using the given comparator.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator
  `comparator` - a Comparator
Returns:
  the minimum value
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `min(java.util.Collection, java.util.Comparator)`

#### min

    public static <T> T min(T[] self,
            Comparator<T> comparator)

Selects the minimum value found from the Object array using the given comparator.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object array
  `comparator` - a Comparator
Returns:
  the minimum value
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `min(java.util.Collection, java.util.Comparator)`

#### min

    public static <T> T min(Collection<T> self,
            Closure closure)

Selects an item in the collection having the minimum value as determined by the supplied closure. If more than one item has the minimum value, an arbitrary choice is made between the items having the minimum value. If the closure has two parameters it is used like a traditional Comparator. I.e. it should compare its two parameters for order, returning a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer when the first parameter is less than, equal to, or greater than the second respectively. Otherwise, the Closure is assumed to take a single parameter and return a Comparable (typically an Integer) which is then used for further comparison.

     assert "hi" == ["hello","hi","hey"].min { it.length() }

     def lastDigit = { a, b -> a % 10 <=> b % 10 }
     assert [19, 55, 91].min(lastDigit) == 91

     def pets = ['dog', 'cat', 'anaconda']
     def shortestName = pets.min{ it.size() } // one of 'dog' or 'cat'
     assert shortestName.size() == 3

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `closure` - a 1 or 2 arg Closure used to determine the correct ordering
Returns:
  the minimum value
Since:
  1.0

#### min

    public static <K,V> Map.Entry<K,V> min(Map<K,V> self,
                           Closure closure)

Selects an entry in the map having the minimum calculated value as determined by the supplied closure. If more than one entry has the minimum value, an arbitrary choice is made between the entries having the minimum value. If the closure has two parameters it is used like a traditional Comparator. I.e. it should compare its two parameters for order, returning a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer when the first parameter is less than, equal to, or greater than the second respectively. Otherwise, the Closure is assumed to take a single parameter and return a Comparable (typically an Integer) which is then used for further comparison.

     def zoo = [monkeys:6, lions:5, tigers:7]
     def leastCommonEntry = zoo.min{ it.value }
     assert leastCommonEntry.value == 5
     def mostCommonEntry = zoo.min{ a, b -> b.value <=> a.value } // double negative!
     assert mostCommonEntry.value == 7

Edge case for multiple min values:

     def zoo = [monkeys:6, lions:5, tigers:7]
     def lastCharOfName = { e -> e.key[-1] }
     def ans = zoo.min(lastCharOfName) // some random entry
     assert lastCharOfName(ans) == 's'

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `closure` - a 1 or 2 arg Closure used to determine the correct ordering
Returns:
  the Map.Entry having the minimum value as determined by the closure
Since:
  1.7.6

#### max

    public static <K,V> Map.Entry<K,V> max(Map<K,V> self,
                           Closure closure)

Selects an entry in the map having the maximum calculated value as determined by the supplied closure. If more than one entry has the maximum value, an arbitrary choice is made between the entries having the maximum value. If the closure has two parameters it is used like a traditional Comparator. I.e. it should compare its two parameters for order, returning a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer when the first parameter is less than, equal to, or greater than the second respectively. Otherwise, the Closure is assumed to take a single parameter and return a Comparable (typically an Integer) which is then used for further comparison. An example:

     def zoo = [monkeys:6, lions:5, tigers:7]
     def mostCommonEntry = zoo.max{ it.value }
     assert mostCommonEntry.value == 7
     def leastCommonEntry = zoo.max{ a, b -> b.value <=> a.value } // double negative!
     assert leastCommonEntry.value == 5

Edge case for multiple max values:

     def zoo = [monkeys:6, lions:5, tigers:7]
     def lengthOfNamePlusNumber = { e -> e.key.size() + e.value }
     def ans = zoo.max(lengthOfNamePlusNumber) // one of [monkeys:6, tigers:7]
     assert lengthOfNamePlusNumber(ans) == 13

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `closure` - a 1 or 2 arg Closure used to determine the correct ordering
Returns:
  the Map.Entry having the maximum value as determined by the closure
Since:
  1.7.6

#### min

    public static <T> T min(Iterator<T> self,
            Closure closure)

Selects the minimum value found from the Iterator using the closure to determine the correct ordering. The iterator will become exhausted of elements after this operation. If the closure has two parameters it is used like a traditional Comparator. I.e. it should compare its two parameters for order, returning a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer when the first parameter is less than, equal to, or greater than the second respectively. Otherwise, the Closure is assumed to take a single parameter and return a Comparable (typically an Integer) which is then used for further comparison.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator
  `closure` - a Closure used to determine the correct ordering
Returns:
  the minimum value
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `min(java.util.Collection, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### min

    public static <T> T min(T[] self,
            Closure closure)

Selects the minimum value found from the Object array using the closure to determine the correct ordering. If the closure has two parameters it is used like a traditional Comparator. I.e. it should compare its two parameters for order, returning a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer when the first parameter is less than, equal to, or greater than the second respectively. Otherwise, the Closure is assumed to take a single parameter and return a Comparable (typically an Integer) which is then used for further comparison.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object array
  `closure` - a Closure used to determine the correct ordering
Returns:
  the minimum value
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `min(java.util.Collection, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### max

    public static <T> T max(Collection<T> self)

Adds max() method to Collection objects.

    assert 5 == [2,3,1,5,4].max()

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
Returns:
  the maximum value
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `GroovyCollections.max(java.util.Collection)`

#### max

    public static <T> T max(Iterator<T> self)

Adds max() method to Iterator objects. The iterator will become exhausted of elements after determining the maximum value.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator
Returns:
  the maximum value
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `GroovyCollections.max(java.util.Collection)`

#### max

    public static <T> T max(T[] self)

Adds max() method to Object arrays.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object array
Returns:
  the maximum value
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `max(java.util.Collection)`

#### max

    public static <T> T max(Collection<T> self,
            Closure closure)

Selects an item in the collection having the maximum value as determined by the supplied closure. If more than one item has the maximum value, an arbitrary choice is made between the items having the maximum value. If the closure has two parameters it is used like a traditional Comparator. I.e. it should compare its two parameters for order, returning a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer when the first parameter is less than, equal to, or greater than the second respectively. Otherwise, the Closure is assumed to take a single parameter and return a Comparable (typically an Integer) which is then used for further comparison.

    assert "hello" == ["hello","hi","hey"].max { it.length() }

    assert "hello" == ["hello","hi","hey"].max { a, b -> a.length() <=> b.length() }

     def pets = ['dog', 'elephant', 'anaconda']
     def longestName = pets.max{ it.size() } // one of 'elephant' or 'anaconda'
     assert longestName.size() == 8

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `closure` - a 1 or 2 arg Closure used to determine the correct ordering
Returns:
  the maximum value
Since:
  1.0

#### max

    public static <T> T max(Iterator<T> self,
            Closure closure)

Selects the maximum value found from the Iterator using the closure to determine the correct ordering. The iterator will become exhausted of elements after this operation. If the closure has two parameters it is used like a traditional Comparator. I.e. it should compare its two parameters for order, returning a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer when the first parameter is less than, equal to, or greater than the second respectively. Otherwise, the Closure is assumed to take a single parameter and return a Comparable (typically an Integer) which is then used for further comparison.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator
  `closure` - a Closure used to determine the correct ordering
Returns:
  the maximum value
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `max(java.util.Collection, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### max

    public static <T> T max(T[] self,
            Closure closure)

Selects the maximum value found from the Object array using the closure to determine the correct ordering. If the closure has two parameters it is used like a traditional Comparator. I.e. it should compare its two parameters for order, returning a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer when the first parameter is less than, equal to, or greater than the second respectively. Otherwise, the Closure is assumed to take a single parameter and return a Comparable (typically an Integer) which is then used for further comparison.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object array
  `closure` - a Closure used to determine the correct ordering
Returns:
  the maximum value
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `max(java.util.Collection, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### max

    public static <T> T max(Collection<T> self,
            Comparator<T> comparator)

Selects the maximum value found in the collection using the given comparator.

    assert "hello" == ["hello","hi","hey"].max( { a, b -> a.length() <=> b.length() } as Comparator )

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `comparator` - a Comparator
Returns:
  the maximum value
Since:
  1.0

#### max

    public static <T> T max(Iterator<T> self,
            Comparator<T> comparator)

Selects the maximum value found from the Iterator using the given comparator.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator
  `comparator` - a Comparator
Returns:
  the maximum value
Since:
  1.5.5

#### max

    public static <T> T max(T[] self,
            Comparator<T> comparator)

Selects the maximum value found from the Object array using the given comparator.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object array
  `comparator` - a Comparator
Returns:
  the maximum value
Since:
  1.5.5

#### size

    public static int size(Iterator self)

Provide the standard Groovy `size()` method for `Iterator`. The iterator will become exhausted of elements after determining the size value.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator
Returns:
  the length of the Iterator
Since:
  1.5.5

#### size

    public static int size(String text)

Provide the standard Groovy `size()` method for `String`.

Parameters:
  `text` - a String
Returns:
  the length of the String
Since:
  1.0

#### size

    public static int size(StringBuffer buffer)

Provide the standard Groovy `size()` method for `StringBuffer`.

Parameters:
  `buffer` - a StringBuffer
Returns:
  the length of the StringBuffer
Since:
  1.0

#### size

    public static long size(File self)

Provide the standard Groovy `size()` method for `File`.

Parameters:
  `self` - a file object
Returns:
  the file's size (length)
Since:
  1.5.0

#### size

    public static long size(Matcher self)

Provide the standard Groovy `size()` method for `Matcher`.

Parameters:
  `self` - a matcher object
Returns:
  the matcher's size (count)
Since:
  1.5.0

#### size

    public static int size(Object[] self)

Provide the standard Groovy `size()` method for an array.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Array of objects
Returns:
  the size (length) of the Array
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static CharSequence getAt(CharSequence text,
                     int index)

Support the subscript operator for CharSequence.

Parameters:
  `text` - a CharSequence
  `index` - the index of the Character to get
Returns:
  the Character at the given index
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static String getAt(String text,
               int index)

Support the subscript operator for String.

Parameters:
  `text` - a String
  `index` - the index of the Character to get
Returns:
  the Character at the given index
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static CharSequence getAt(CharSequence text,
                     Range range)

Support the range subscript operator for CharSequence

Parameters:
  `text` - a CharSequence
  `range` - a Range
Returns:
  the subsequence CharSequence
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static CharSequence getAt(CharSequence text,
                     IntRange range)

Support the range subscript operator for CharSequence or StringBuffer with IntRange

Parameters:
  `text` - a CharSequence
  `range` - an IntRange
Returns:
  the subsequence CharSequence
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static CharSequence getAt(CharSequence text,
                     EmptyRange range)

Support the range subscript operator for CharSequence or StringBuffer with EmptyRange

Parameters:
  `text` - a CharSequence
  `range` - an EmptyRange
Returns:
  the subsequence CharSequence
Since:
  1.5.0

#### getAt

    public static String getAt(String text,
               IntRange range)

Support the range subscript operator for String with IntRange

Parameters:
  `text` - a String
  `range` - an IntRange
Returns:
  the resulting String
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static String getAt(String text,
               EmptyRange range)

Support the range subscript operator for String with EmptyRange

Parameters:
  `text` - a String
  `range` - an EmptyRange
Returns:
  the resulting String
Since:
  1.5.0

#### getAt

    public static String getAt(String text,
               Range range)

Support the range subscript operator for String

Parameters:
  `text` - a String
  `range` - a Range
Returns:
  a substring corresponding to the Range
Since:
  1.0

#### reverse

    public static String reverse(String self)

Creates a new string which is the reverse (backwards) of this string

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  a new string with all the characters reversed.
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `StringBuilder.reverse()`

#### stripMargin

    public static String stripMargin(String self)

Strip leading whitespace/control characters followed by '|' from every line in a String.

     assert 'ABC\n123\n456' == '''ABC
                                 |123
                                 |456'''.stripMargin()

Parameters:
  `self` - The String to strip the margin from
Since:
  1.7.3
See Also:
  `stripMargin(String, char)`

#### stripMargin

    public static String stripMargin(String self,
                     String marginChar)

Strip leading whitespace/control characters followed by `marginChar` from every line in a String.

Parameters:
  `self` - The String to strip the margin from
  `marginChar` - Any character that serves as margin delimiter
Since:
  1.7.3
See Also:
  `stripMargin(String, char)`

#### stripMargin

    public static String stripMargin(String self,
                     char marginChar)

Strip leading whitespace/control characters followed by `marginChar` from every line in a String.

     assert 'ABC\n123\n456' == '''ABC
                                 *123
                                 *456'''.stripMargin('*')

Parameters:
  `self` - The String to strip the margin from
  `marginChar` - Any character that serves as margin delimiter
Since:
  1.7.3

#### stripIndent

    public static String stripIndent(String self)

Strip leading spaces from every line in a String. The line with the least number of leading spaces determines the number to remove. Lines only containing whitespace are ignored when calculating the number of leading spaces to strip.

     assert '  A\n B\nC' == '   A\n  B\n C'.stripIndent()

Parameters:
  `self` - The String to strip the leading spaces from
Since:
  1.7.3
See Also:
  `stripIndent(String, int)`

#### isAllWhitespace

    public static boolean isAllWhitespace(String self)

True if a String only contains whitespace characters.

Parameters:
  `self` - The String to check the characters in
Returns:
  true If all characters are whitespace characters
See Also:
  `Character.isWhitespace(char)`

#### stripIndent

    public static String stripIndent(String self,
                     int numChars)

Strip `numChar` leading characters from every line in a String.

     assert 'DEF\n456' == '''ABCDEF\n123456'''.stripIndent(3)

Parameters:
  `self` - The String to strip the characters from
  `numChars` - The number of characters to strip
Since:
  1.7.3

#### toURL

    public static URL toURL(String self)
                     throws MalformedURLException

Transforms a String representing a URL into a URL object.

Parameters:
  `self` - the String representing a URL
Returns:
  a URL
Throws:
  `MalformedURLException` - is thrown if the URL is not well formed.
Since:
  1.0

#### toURI

    public static URI toURI(String self)
                     throws URISyntaxException

Transforms a String representing a URI into a URI object.

Parameters:
  `self` - the String representing a URI
Returns:
  a URI
Throws:
  `URISyntaxException` - is thrown if the URI is not well formed.
Since:
  1.0

#### bitwiseNegate

    public static Pattern bitwiseNegate(String self)

Turns a String into a regular expression Pattern

Parameters:
  `self` - a String to convert into a regular expression
Returns:
  the regular expression pattern
Since:
  1.5.0

#### replaceFirst

    public static String replaceFirst(String self,
                      Pattern pattern,
                      String replacement)

Replaces the first substring of a String that matches the given compiled regular expression with the given replacement.

Note that backslashes (`\`) and dollar signs (`$`) in the replacement string may cause the results to be different than if it were being treated as a literal replacement string; see `Matcher.replaceFirst(java.lang.String)`. Use `Matcher.quoteReplacement(java.lang.String)` to suppress the special meaning of these characters, if desired.

Parameters:
  `self` - the string that is to be matched
  `pattern` - the regex Pattern to which the string of interest is to be matched
  `replacement` - the string to be substituted for the first match
Returns:
  The resulting `String`
Since:
  1.6.1
See Also:
  `String.replaceFirst(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)`

#### replaceAll

    public static String replaceAll(String self,
                    Pattern pattern,
                    String replacement)

Replaces all substrings of a String that match the given compiled regular expression with the given replacement.

Note that backslashes (`\`) and dollar signs (`$`) in the replacement string may cause the results to be different than if it were being treated as a literal replacement string; see `Matcher.replaceAll(java.lang.String)`. Use `Matcher.quoteReplacement(java.lang.String)` to suppress the special meaning of these characters, if desired.

Parameters:
  `self` - the string that is to be matched
  `pattern` - the regex Pattern to which the string of interest is to be matched
  `replacement` - the string to be substituted for the first match
Returns:
  The resulting `String`
Since:
  1.6.1
See Also:
  `String.replaceAll(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)`

#### tr

    public static String tr(String self,
            String sourceSet,
            String replacementSet)
                     throws ClassNotFoundException

Translates a string by replacing characters from the sourceSet with characters from replacementSet. If the first character from sourceSet appears in the string, it will be replaced with the first character from replacementSet. If the second character from sourceSet appears in the string, it will be replaced with the second character from replacementSet. and so on for all provided replacement characters.

Here is an example which converts the vowels in a word from lower to uppercase:

     assert 'hello'.tr('aeiou', 'AEIOU') == 'hEllO'

A character range using regex-style syntax can also be used, e.g. here is an example which converts a word from lower to uppercase:

     assert 'hello'.tr('a-z', 'A-Z') == 'HELLO'

Hyphens at the start or end of sourceSet or replacementSet are treated as normal hyphens and are not considered to be part of a range specification. Similarly, a hyphen immediately after an earlier range is treated as a normal hyphen. So, '-x', 'x-' have no ranges while 'a-c-e' has the range 'a-c' plus the '-' character plus the 'e' character.

Unlike the unix tr command, Groovy's tr command supports reverse ranges, e.g.:

     assert 'hello'.tr('z-a', 'Z-A') == 'HELLO'

If replacementSet is smaller than sourceSet, then the last character from replacementSet is used as the replacement for all remaining source characters as shown here:

     assert 'Hello World!'.tr('a-z', 'A') == 'HAAAA WAAAA!'

If sourceSet contains repeated characters, the last specified replacement is used as shown here:

     assert 'Hello World!'.tr('lloo', '1234') == 'He224 W4r2d!'

The functionality provided by tr can be achieved using regular expressions but tr provides a much more compact notation and efficient implementation for certain scenarios.

Parameters:
  `self` - the string that is to be translated
  `sourceSet` - the set of characters to translate from
  `replacementSet` - the set of replacement characters
Returns:
  The resulting translated `String`
Throws:
  `ClassNotFoundException`
Since:
  1.7.3
See Also:
  `StringUtil.tr(String, String, String)`

#### matches

    public static boolean matches(String self,
                  Pattern pattern)

Tells whether or not self matches the given compiled regular expression Pattern.

Parameters:
  `self` - the string that is to be matched
  `pattern` - the regex Pattern to which the string of interest is to be matched
Returns:
  The resulting `String`
Since:
  1.6.1
See Also:
  `String.matches(java.lang.String)`

#### find

    public static String find(String self,
              String regex)

Finds the first occurrence of a regular expression String within a String. If the regex doesn't match, null will be returned.

For example, if the regex doesn't match the result is null:

         assert null == "New York, NY".find(/\d{5}/)

If it does match, we get the matching string back:

          assert "10292" == "New York, NY 10292-0098".find(/\d{5}/)

If we have capture groups in our expression, we still get back the full match

          assert "10292-0098" == "New York, NY 10292-0098".find(/(\d{5})-?(\d{4})/)

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `regex` - the capturing regex
Returns:
  a String containing the matched portion, or null if the regex doesn't match
Since:
  1.6.1

#### find

    public static String find(String self,
              Pattern pattern)

Finds the first occurrence of a compiled regular expression Pattern within a String. If the pattern doesn't match, null will be returned.

For example, if the pattern doesn't match the result is null:

         assert null == "New York, NY".find(~/\d{5}/)

If it does match, we get the matching string back:

          assert "10292" == "New York, NY 10292-0098".find(~/\d{5}/)

If we have capture groups in our expression, the groups are ignored and we get back the full match:

          assert "10292-0098" == "New York, NY 10292-0098".find(~/(\d{5})-?(\d{4})/)

If you need to work with capture groups, then use the closure version of this method or use Groovy's matcher operators or use `eachMatch`.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `pattern` - the compiled regex Pattern
Returns:
  a String containing the matched portion, or null if the regex pattern doesn't match
Since:
  1.6.1

#### find

    public static String find(String self,
              String regex,
              Closure closure)

Finds the first occurrence of a regular expression String within a String. If the regex doesn't match, the closure will not be called and find will return null.

For example, if the regex doesn't match, the result is null:

         assert null == "New York, NY".find(~/\d{5}/) { match -> return "-$match-"}

If it does match and we don't have any capture groups in our regex, there is a single parameter on the closure that the match gets passed to:

          assert "-10292-" == "New York, NY 10292-0098".find(~/\d{5}/) { match -> return "-$match-"}

If we have capture groups in our expression, our closure has one parameter for the match, followed by one for each of the capture groups:

          assert "10292" == "New York, NY 10292-0098".find(~/(\d{5})-?(\d{4})/) { match, zip, plusFour ->
              assert match == "10292-0098"
              assert zip == "10292"
              assert plusFour == "0098"
              return zip
          }

If we have capture groups in our expression, and our closure has one parameter, the closure will be passed an array with the first element corresponding to the whole match, followed by an element for each of the capture groups:

          assert "10292" == "New York, NY 10292-0098".find(~/(\d{5})-?(\d{4})/) { match, zip, plusFour ->
              assert array[0] == "10292-0098"
              assert array[1] == "10292"
              assert array[2] == "0098"
              return array[1]
          }

If a capture group is optional, and doesn't match, then the corresponding value for that capture group passed to the closure will be null as illustrated here:

          assert "2339999" == "adsf 233-9999 adsf".find(~/(\d{3})?-?(\d{3})-(\d{4})/) { match, areaCode, exchange, stationNumber ->
              assert "233-9999" == match
              assert null == areaCode
              assert "233" == exchange
              assert "9999" == stationNumber
              return "$exchange$stationNumber"
          }

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `regex` - the capturing regex string
  `closure` - the closure that will be passed the full match, plus each of the capturing groups
Returns:
  a String containing the result of the closure, or null if the regex pattern doesn't match
Since:
  1.6.1

#### find

    public static String find(String self,
              Pattern pattern,
              Closure closure)

Finds the first occurrence of a compiled regular expression Pattern within a String. If the pattern doesn't match, the closure will not be called and find will return null.

For example, if the pattern doesn't match, the result is null:

         assert null == "New York, NY".find(~/\d{5}/) { match -> return "-$match-"}

If it does match and we don't have any capture groups in our regex, there is a single parameter on the closure that the match gets passed to:

          assert "-10292-" == "New York, NY 10292-0098".find(~/\d{5}/) { match -> return "-$match-"}

If we have capture groups in our expression, our closure has one parameter for the match, followed by one for each of the capture groups:

          assert "10292" == "New York, NY 10292-0098".find(~/(\d{5})-?(\d{4})/) { match, zip, plusFour ->
              assert match == "10292-0098"
              assert zip == "10292"
              assert plusFour == "0098"
              return zip
          }

If we have capture groups in our expression, and our closure has one parameter, the closure will be passed an array with the first element corresponding to the whole match, followed by an element for each of the capture groups:

          assert "10292" == "New York, NY 10292-0098".find(~/(\d{5})-?(\d{4})/) { match, zip, plusFour ->
              assert array[0] == "10292-0098"
              assert array[1] == "10292"
              assert array[2] == "0098"
              return array[1]
          }

If a capture group is optional, and doesn't match, then the corresponding value for that capture group passed to the closure will be null as illustrated here:

          assert "2339999" == "adsf 233-9999 adsf".find(~/(\d{3})?-?(\d{3})-(\d{4})/) { match, areaCode, exchange, stationNumber ->
              assert "233-9999" == match
              assert null == areaCode
              assert "233" == exchange
              assert "9999" == stationNumber
              return "$exchange$stationNumber"
          }

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `pattern` - the compiled regex Pattern
  `closure` - the closure that will be passed the full match, plus each of the capturing groups
Returns:
  a String containing the result of the closure, or null if the regex pattern doesn't match
Since:
  1.6.1

#### findAll

    public static List findAll(String self,
               String regex)

Finds all occurrences of a regular expression string within a String. A List is returned containing all full matches or an empty list if there are no matches within the string.

For example, if the regex doesn't match, it returns an empty list:

     assert [] == "foo".findAll(/(\w*) Fish/)

Any regular expression matches are returned in a list, and all regex capture groupings are ignored, only the full match is returned:

     def expected = ["One Fish", "Two Fish", "Red Fish", "Blue Fish"]
     assert expected == "One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish".findAll(/(\w*) Fish/)

If you need to work with capture groups, then use the closure version of this method or use Groovy's matcher operators or use `eachMatch`.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `regex` - the capturing regex String
Returns:
  a List containing all full matches of the regex within the string, an empty list will be returned if there are no matches
Since:
  1.6.1

#### findAll

    public static List findAll(String self,
               Pattern pattern)

Finds all occurrences of a regular expression Pattern within a String. A List is returned containing all full matches or an empty list if there are no matches within the string.

For example, if the pattern doesn't match, it returns an empty list:

     assert [] == "foo".findAll(~/(\w*) Fish/)

Any regular expression matches are returned in a list, and all regex capture groupings are ignored, only the full match is returned:

     def expected = ["One Fish", "Two Fish", "Red Fish", "Blue Fish"]
     assert expected == "One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish".findAll(~/(\w*) Fish/)

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `pattern` - the compiled regex Pattern
Returns:
  a List containing all full matches of the Pattern within the string, an empty list will be returned if there are no matches
Since:
  1.6.1

#### findAll

    public static List findAll(String self,
               String regex,
               Closure closure)

Finds all occurrences of a regular expression string within a String. Any matches are passed to the specified closure. The closure is expected to have the full match in the first parameter. If there are any capture groups, they will be placed in subsequent parameters.

If there are no matches, the closure will not be called, and an empty List will be returned.

For example, if the regex doesn't match, it returns an empty list:

     assert [] == "foo".findAll(/(\w*) Fish/) { match, firstWord -> return firstWord }

Any regular expression matches are passed to the closure, if there are no capture groups, there will be one parameter for the match:

     assert ["couldn't", "wouldn't"] == "I could not, would not, with a fox.".findAll(/.ould/) { match -> "${match}n't"}

If there are capture groups, the first parameter will be the match followed by one parameter for each capture group:

     def orig = "There's a Wocket in my Pocket"
     assert ["W > Wocket", "P > Pocket"] == orig.findAll(/(.)ocket/) { match, firstLetter -> "$firstLetter > $match" }

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `regex` - the capturing regex String
  `closure` - will be passed the full match plus each of the capturing groups
Returns:
  a List containing all full matches of the regex within the string, an empty list will be returned if there are no matches
Since:
  1.6.1

#### findAll

    public static List findAll(String self,
               Pattern pattern,
               Closure closure)

Finds all occurrences of a compiled regular expression Pattern within a String. Any matches are passed to the specified closure. The closure is expected to have the full match in the first parameter. If there are any capture groups, they will be placed in subsequent parameters.

If there are no matches, the closure will not be called, and an empty List will be returned.

For example, if the pattern doesn't match, it returns an empty list:

     assert [] == "foo".findAll(~/(\w*) Fish/) { match, firstWord -> return firstWord }

Any regular expression matches are passed to the closure, if there are no capture groups, there will be one parameter for the match:

     assert ["couldn't", "wouldn't"] == "I could not, would not, with a fox.".findAll(~/.ould/) { match -> "${match}n't"}

If there are capture groups, the first parameter will be the match followed by one parameter for each capture group:

     def orig = "There's a Wocket in my Pocket"
     assert ["W > Wocket", "P > Pocket"] == orig.findAll(~/(.)ocket/) { match, firstLetter -> "$firstLetter > $match" }

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `pattern` - the compiled regex Pattern
  `closure` - will be passed the full match plus each of the capturing groups
Returns:
  a List containing all full matches of the regex Pattern within the string, an empty list will be returned if there are no matches
Since:
  1.6.1

#### replaceAll

    public static String replaceAll(String self,
                    String regex,
                    Closure closure)

Replaces all occurrences of a captured group by the result of a closure on that text.

For examples,

         assert "hellO wOrld" == "hello world".replaceAll("(o)") { it[0].toUpperCase() }

         assert "FOOBAR-FOOBAR-" == "foobar-FooBar-".replaceAll("(([fF][oO]{2})[bB]ar)", { Object[] it -> it[0].toUpperCase() })

         Here,
              it[0] is the global string of the matched group
              it[1] is the first string in the matched group
              it[2] is the second string in the matched group

         assert "FOO-FOO-" == "foobar-FooBar-".replaceAll("(([fF][oO]{2})[bB]ar)", { x, y, z -> z.toUpperCase() })

         Here,
              x is the global string of the matched group
              y is the first string in the matched group
              z is the second string in the matched group

Note that unlike String.replaceAll(String regex, String replacement), where the replacement string treats '$' and '\' specially (for group substitution), the result of the closure is converted to a string and that value is used literally for the replacement.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `regex` - the capturing regex
  `closure` - the closure to apply on each captured group
Returns:
  a String with replaced content
Throws:
  `PatternSyntaxException` - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Matcher.quoteReplacement(java.lang.String)`, `replaceAll(String, Pattern, Closure)`

#### replaceFirst

    public static String replaceFirst(String self,
                      String regex,
                      Closure closure)

Replaces the first occurrence of a captured group by the result of a closure call on that text.

For example (with some replaceAll variants thrown in for comparison purposes),

     assert "hellO world" == "hello world".replaceFirst("(o)") { it[0].toUpperCase() } // first match
     assert "hellO wOrld" == "hello world".replaceAll("(o)") { it[0].toUpperCase() }   // all matches

     assert '1-FISH, two fish' == "one fish, two fish".replaceFirst(/([a-z]{3})\s([a-z]{4})/) { [one:1, two:2][it[1]] + '-' + it[2].toUpperCase() }
     assert '1-FISH, 2-FISH' == "one fish, two fish".replaceAll(/([a-z]{3})\s([a-z]{4})/) { [one:1, two:2][it[1]] + '-' + it[2].toUpperCase() }

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `regex` - the capturing regex
  `closure` - the closure to apply on the first captured group
Returns:
  a String with replaced content
Throws:
  `PatternSyntaxException` - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid
Since:
  1.7.7
See Also:
  `Matcher.quoteReplacement(java.lang.String)`, `replaceFirst(String, Pattern, Closure)`

#### replaceAll

    public static String replaceAll(String self,
                    Pattern pattern,
                    Closure closure)

Replaces all occurrences of a captured group by the result of a closure call on that text.

For examples,

         assert "hellO wOrld" == "hello world".replaceAll(~"(o)") { it[0].toUpperCase() }

         assert "FOOBAR-FOOBAR-" == "foobar-FooBar-".replaceAll(~"(([fF][oO]{2})[bB]ar)", { it[0].toUpperCase() })

         Here,
              it[0] is the global string of the matched group
              it[1] is the first string in the matched group
              it[2] is the second string in the matched group

         assert "FOOBAR-FOOBAR-" == "foobar-FooBar-".replaceAll(~"(([fF][oO]{2})[bB]ar)", { Object[] it -> it[0].toUpperCase() })

         Here,
              it[0] is the global string of the matched group
              it[1] is the first string in the matched group
              it[2] is the second string in the matched group

         assert "FOO-FOO-" == "foobar-FooBar-".replaceAll("(([fF][oO]{2})[bB]ar)", { x, y, z -> z.toUpperCase() })

         Here,
              x is the global string of the matched group
              y is the first string in the matched group
              z is the second string in the matched group

Note that unlike String.replaceAll(String regex, String replacement), where the replacement string treats '$' and '\' specially (for group substitution), the result of the closure is converted to a string and that value is used literally for the replacement.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `pattern` - the capturing regex Pattern
  `closure` - the closure to apply on each captured group
Returns:
  a String with replaced content
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `Matcher.quoteReplacement(java.lang.String)`

#### replaceFirst

    public static String replaceFirst(String self,
                      Pattern pattern,
                      Closure closure)

Replaces the first occurrence of a captured group by the result of a closure call on that text.

For example (with some replaceAll variants thrown in for comparison purposes),

     assert "hellO world" == "hello world".replaceFirst(~"(o)") { it[0].toUpperCase() } // first match
     assert "hellO wOrld" == "hello world".replaceAll(~"(o)") { it[0].toUpperCase() }   // all matches

     assert '1-FISH, two fish' == "one fish, two fish".replaceFirst(~/([a-z]{3})\s([a-z]{4})/) { [one:1, two:2][it[1]] + '-' + it[2].toUpperCase() }
     assert '1-FISH, 2-FISH' == "one fish, two fish".replaceAll(~/([a-z]{3})\s([a-z]{4})/) { [one:1, two:2][it[1]] + '-' + it[2].toUpperCase() }

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `pattern` - the capturing regex Pattern
  `closure` - the closure to apply on the first captured group
Returns:
  a String with replaced content
Since:
  1.7.7
See Also:
  `replaceAll(String, Pattern, Closure)`

#### padLeft

    public static String padLeft(String self,
                 Number numberOfChars,
                 String padding)

Pad a String to a minimum length specified by `numberOfChars`, adding the supplied padding String as many times as needed to the left. If the String is already the same size or bigger than the target `numberOfChars`, then the original String is returned. An example:

     println 'Numbers:'
     [1, 10, 100, 1000].each{ println it.toString().padLeft(5, '*') }
     [2, 20, 200, 2000].each{ println it.toString().padLeft(5, '*_') }

will produce output like:

     Numbers:
     ****1
     ***10
     **100
     *1000
     *_*_2
     *_*20
     *_200
     *2000

Parameters:
  `self` - a String object
  `numberOfChars` - the total minimum number of characters of the resulting string
  `padding` - the charaters used for padding
Returns:
  the String padded to the left
Since:
  1.0

#### padLeft

    public static String padLeft(String self,
                 Number numberOfChars)

Pad a String to a minimum length specified by `numberOfChars` by adding the space character to the left as many times as needed. If the String is already the same size or bigger than the target `numberOfChars`, then the original String is returned. An example:

     println 'Numbers:'
     [1, 10, 100, 1000].each{ println it.toString().padLeft(5) }

will produce output like:

     Numbers:
         1
        10
       100
      1000

Parameters:
  `self` - a String object
  `numberOfChars` - the total minimum number of characters of the resulting string
Returns:
  the String padded to the left
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `padLeft(String, Number, String)`

#### padRight

    public static String padRight(String self,
                  Number numberOfChars,
                  String padding)

Pad a String to a minimum length specified by `numberOfChars`, adding the supplied padding String as many times as needed to the right. If the String is already the same size or bigger than the target `numberOfChars`, then the original String is returned. An example:

     ['A', 'BB', 'CCC', 'DDDD'].each{ println it.padRight(5, '#') + it.size() }

will produce output like:

     A####1
     BB###2
     CCC##3
     DDDD#4

Parameters:
  `self` - a String object
  `numberOfChars` - the total minimum number of characters of the resulting string
  `padding` - the charaters used for padding
Returns:
  the String padded to the right
Since:
  1.0

#### padRight

    public static String padRight(String self,
                  Number numberOfChars)

Pad a String to a minimum length specified by `numberOfChars` by adding the space character to the right as many times as needed. If the String is already the same size or bigger than the target `numberOfChars`, then the original String is returned. An example:

     ['A', 'BB', 'CCC', 'DDDD'].each{ println it.padRight(5) + it.size() }

will produce output like:

     A    1
     BB   2
     CCC  3
     DDDD 4

Parameters:
  `self` - a String object
  `numberOfChars` - the total minimum number of characters of the resulting string
Returns:
  the String padded to the right
Since:
  1.0

#### center

    public static String center(String self,
                Number numberOfChars,
                String padding)

Pad a String to a minimum length specified by `numberOfChars`, appending the supplied padding String around the original as many times as needed keeping it centered. If the String is already the same size or bigger than the target `numberOfChars`, then the original String is returned. An example:

     ['A', 'BB', 'CCC', 'DDDD'].each{ println '|' + it.center(6, '+') + '|' }

will produce output like:

     |++A+++|
     |++BB++|
     |+CCC++|
     |+DDDD+|

Parameters:
  `self` - a String object
  `numberOfChars` - the total minimum number of characters of the resulting string
  `padding` - the charaters used for padding
Returns:
  the String centered with padded characters around it
Since:
  1.0

#### center

    public static String center(String self,
                Number numberOfChars)

Pad a String to a minimum length specified by `numberOfChars` by adding the space character around it as many times as needed so that it remains centered. If the String is already the same size or bigger than the target `numberOfChars`, then the original String is returned. An example:

     ['A', 'BB', 'CCC', 'DDDD'].each{ println '|' + it.center(6) + '|' }

will produce output like:

     |  A   |
     |  BB  |
     | CCC  |
     | DDDD |

Parameters:
  `self` - a String object
  `numberOfChars` - the total minimum number of characters of the resulting string
Returns:
  the String centered with padded characters around it
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `center(String, Number, String)`

#### getAt

    public static Object getAt(Matcher matcher,
               int idx)

Support the subscript operator, e.g. matcher[index], for a regex Matcher.

For an example using no group match,

        def p = /ab[d|f]/
        def m = "abcabdabeabf" =~ p
        assert 2 == m.count
        assert 2 == m.size() // synonym for m.getCount()
        assert ! m.hasGroup()
        assert 0 == m.groupCount()
        def matches = ["abd", "abf"]
        for (i in 0..<m.count) {
          assert m[i] == matches[i]
        }

For an example using group matches,

        def p = /(?:ab([c|d|e|f]))/
        def m = "abcabdabeabf" =~ p
        assert 4 == m.count
        assert m.hasGroup()
        assert 1 == m.groupCount()
        def matches = [["abc", "c"], ["abd", "d"], ["abe", "e"], ["abf", "f"]]
        for (i in 0..<m.count) {
          assert m[i] == matches[i]
        }

For another example using group matches,

        def m = "abcabdabeabfabxyzabx" =~ /(?:ab([d|x-z]+))/
        assert 3 == m.count
        assert m.hasGroup()
        assert 1 == m.groupCount()
        def matches = [["abd", "d"], ["abxyz", "xyz"], ["abx", "x"]]
        for (i in 0..<m.count) {
          assert m[i] == matches[i]
        }

Parameters:
  `matcher` - a Matcher
  `idx` - an index
Returns:
  object a matched String if no groups matched, list of matched groups otherwise.
Since:
  1.0

#### setIndex

    public static void setIndex(Matcher matcher,
                int idx)

Set the position of the given Matcher to the given index.

Parameters:
  `matcher` - a Matcher
  `idx` - the index number
Since:
  1.0

#### getCount

    public static int getCount(Matcher matcher)

Find the number of Strings matched to the given Matcher.

Parameters:
  `matcher` - a Matcher
Returns:
  int the number of Strings matched to the given matcher.
Since:
  1.0

#### hasGroup

    public static boolean hasGroup(Matcher matcher)

Check whether a Matcher contains a group or not.

Parameters:
  `matcher` - a Matcher
Returns:
  boolean `true` if matcher contains at least one group.
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static <T> List<T> getAt(List<T> self,
                    Range range)

Support the range subscript operator for a List

    def list = [1, "a", 4.5, true]
     assert list[1..2] == ["a", 4.5]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `range` - a Range indicating the items to get
Returns:
  a sublist based on range borders or a new list if range is reversed
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `List.subList(int,int)`

#### getAt

    public static <T> List<T> getAt(List<T> self,
                    EmptyRange range)

Support the range subscript operator for a List

    def list = [true, 1, 3.4]
     assert list[0..<0] == []

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `range` - a Range indicating the items to get
Returns:
  a sublist based on range borders or a new list if range is reversed
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `List.subList(int,int)`

#### getAt

    public static <T> List<T> getAt(List<T> self,
                    Collection indices)

Select a List of items from a List using a Collection to identify the indices to be selected.

    def list = [true, 1, 3.4, false]
     assert list[1,0,2] == [1, true, 3.4]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `indices` - a Collection of indices
Returns:
  a new list of the values at the given indices
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static <T> List<T> getAt(T[] self,
                    Collection indices)

Select a List of items from an Object array using a Collection to identify the indices to be selected.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Array of Objects
  `indices` - a Collection of indices
Returns:
  a new list of the values at the given indices
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static CharSequence getAt(CharSequence self,
                     Collection indices)

Select a List of characters from a CharSequence using a Collection to identify the indices to be selected.

Parameters:
  `self` - a CharSequence
  `indices` - a Collection of indices
Returns:
  a CharSequence consisting of the characters at the given indices
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static String getAt(String self,
               Collection indices)

Select a List of characters from a String using a Collection to identify the indices to be selected.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `indices` - a Collection of indices
Returns:
  a String consisting of the characters at the given indices
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List getAt(Matcher self,
             Collection indices)

Select a List of values from a Matcher using a Collection to identify the indices to be selected.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Matcher
  `indices` - a Collection of indices
Returns:
  a String of the values at the given indices
Since:
  1.6.0

#### subMap

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> subMap(Map<K,V> map,
                        Collection<K> keys)

Creates a sub-Map containing the given keys. This method is similar to List.subList() but uses keys rather than index ranges.

    assert [1:10, 2:20, 4:40].subMap( [2, 4] ) == [2:20, 4:40]

Parameters:
  `map` - a Map
  `keys` - a Collection of keys
Returns:
  a new Map containing the given keys
Since:
  1.0

#### get

    public static <K,V> V get(Map<K,V> map,
              K key,
              V defaultValue)

Looks up an item in a Map for the given key and returns the value - unless there is no entry for the given key in which case add the default value to the map and return that.

    def map=[:]
     map.get("a", []) << 5
     assert map == [a:[5]]

Parameters:
  `map` - a Map
  `key` - the key to lookup the value of
  `defaultValue` - the value to return and add to the map for this key if there is no entry for the given key
Returns:
  the value of the given key or the default value, added to the map if the key did not exist
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static <T> List<T> getAt(T[] array,
                    Range range)

Support the range subscript operator for an Array

Parameters:
  `array` - an Array of Objects
  `range` - a Range
Returns:
  a range of a list from the range's from index up to but not including the range's to value
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static <T> List<T> getAt(T[] array,
                    IntRange range)

Parameters:
  `array` - an Array of Objects
  `range` - an IntRange
Returns:
  a range of a list from the range's from index up to but not including the range's to value
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static <T> List<T> getAt(T[] array,
                    EmptyRange range)

Parameters:
  `array` - an Array of Objects
  `range` - an EmptyRange
Returns:
  an empty Range
Since:
  1.5.0

#### getAt

    public static <T> List<T> getAt(T[] array,
                    ObjectRange range)

Parameters:
  `array` - an Array of Objects
  `range` - an ObjectRange
Returns:
  a range of a list from the range's from index up to but not including the range's to value
Since:
  1.0

#### toList

    public static <T> List<T> toList(T[] array)

Allows conversion of arrays into a mutable List.

Parameters:
  `array` - an Array of Objects
Returns:
  the array as a List
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static <T> T getAt(List<T> self,
              int idx)

Support the subscript operator for a List.

    def list = [2, "a", 5.3]
     assert list[1] == "a"

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `idx` - an index
Returns:
  the value at the given index
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static <T> T getAt(Iterator<T> self,
              int idx)

Support the subscript operator for an Iterator. The iterator will be partially exhausted up until the idx entry after returning if a +ve or 0 idx is used, or fully exhausted if a -ve idx is used or no corresponding entry was found. Typical usage:

     def iter = [2, "a", 5.3].iterator()
     assert iter[1] == "a"

A more elaborate example:

     def items = [2, "a", 5.3]
     def iter = items.iterator()
     assert iter[-1] == 5.3
     // iter exhausted, so reset
     iter = items.iterator()
     assert iter[1] == "a"
     // iter partially exhausted so now idx starts after "a"
     assert iter[0] == 5.3

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator
  `idx` - an index value (-self.size() <= idx < self.size())
Returns:
  the value at the given index (after normalisation) or null if no corresponding value was found
Since:
  1.7.2

#### putAt

    public static <T> void putAt(List<T> self,
                 int idx,
                 T value)

A helper method to allow lists to work with subscript operators.

    def list = [2, 3]
     list[0] = 1
     assert list == [1, 3]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `idx` - an index
  `value` - the value to put at the given index
Since:
  1.0

#### putAt

    public static void putAt(StringBuffer self,
             IntRange range,
             Object value)

Support the range subscript operator for StringBuffer. Index values are treated as characters within the buffer.

Parameters:
  `self` - a StringBuffer
  `range` - a Range
  `value` - the object that's toString() will be inserted
Since:
  1.0

#### putAt

    public static void putAt(StringBuffer self,
             EmptyRange range,
             Object value)

Support the range subscript operator for StringBuffer.

Parameters:
  `self` - a StringBuffer
  `range` - a Range
  `value` - the object that's toString() will be inserted
Since:
  1.0

#### putAt

    public static void putAt(List self,
             EmptyRange range,
             Object value)

A helper method to allow lists to work with subscript operators.

    def list = ["a", true]
     list[1..<1] = 5
     assert list == ["a", 5, true]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `range` - the (in this case empty) subset of the list to set
  `value` - the values to put at the given sublist or a Collection of values
Since:
  1.0

#### putAt

    public static void putAt(List self,
             EmptyRange range,
             Collection value)

A helper method to allow lists to work with subscript operators.

    def list = ["a", true]
     list[1..<1] = [4, 3, 2]
     assert list == ["a", 4, 3, 2, true]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `range` - the (in this case empty) subset of the list to set
  `value` - the Collection of values
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `putAt(java.util.List, groovy.lang.EmptyRange, java.lang.Object)`

#### putAt

    public static void putAt(List self,
             IntRange range,
             Collection col)

List subscript assignment operator when given a range as the index and the assignment operand is a collection. Example:

    def myList = [4, 3, 5, 1, 2, 8, 10]
     myList[3..5] = ["a", true]
     assert myList == [4, 3, 5, "a", true, 10]

Items in the given range are relaced with items from the collection.

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `range` - the subset of the list to set
  `col` - the collection of values to put at the given sublist
Since:
  1.5.0

#### putAt

    public static void putAt(List self,
             IntRange range,
             Object value)

List subscript assignment operator when given a range as the index. Example:

    def myList = [4, 3, 5, 1, 2, 8, 10]
     myList[3..5] = "b"
     assert myList == [4, 3, 5, "b", 10]

Items in the given range are relaced with the operand. The `value` operand is always treated as a single value.

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `range` - the subset of the list to set
  `value` - the value to put at the given sublist
Since:
  1.0

#### putAt

    public static void putAt(List self,
             List splice,
             List values)

A helper method to allow lists to work with subscript operators.

    def list = ["a", true, 42, 9.4]
     list[1, 4] = ["x", false]
     assert list == ["a", "x", 42, 9.4, false]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `splice` - the subset of the list to set
  `values` - the value to put at the given sublist
Since:
  1.0

#### putAt

    public static void putAt(List self,
             List splice,
             Object value)

A helper method to allow lists to work with subscript operators.

    def list = ["a", true, 42, 9.4]
     list[1, 3] = 5
     assert list == ["a", 5, 42, 5]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `splice` - the subset of the list to set
  `value` - the value to put at the given sublist
Since:
  1.0

#### getSubList

    protected static List getSubList(List self,
                  List splice)

#### getAt

    public static <K,V> V getAt(Map<K,V> self,
                K key)

Support the subscript operator for a Map.

    def map = [a:10]
     assert map["a"] == 10

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `key` - an Object as a key for the map
Returns:
  the value corresponding to the given key
Since:
  1.0

#### plus

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> plus(Map<K,V> left,
                      Map<K,V> right)

Returns a new `Map` containing all entries from `left` and `right`, giving precedence to `right`. Any keys appearing in both Maps will appear in the resultant map with values from the `right` operand. If the `left` map is one of TreeMap, LinkedHashMap, Hashtable or Properties, the returned Map will preserve that type, otherwise a HashMap will be returned.

Roughly equivalent to `Map m = new HashMap(); m.putAll(left); m.putAll(right); return m;` but with some additional logic to preserve the `left` Map type for common cases as described above.

    assert [a:10, b:20] + [a:5, c:7] == [a:5, b:20, c:7]

Parameters:
  `left` - a Map
  `right` - a Map
Returns:
  a new Map containing all entries from left and right
Since:
  1.5.0

#### putAt

    public static <K,V> V putAt(Map<K,V> self,
                K key,
                V value)

A helper method to allow maps to work with subscript operators

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `key` - an Object as a key for the map
  `value` - the value to put into the map
Returns:
  the value corresponding to the given key
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List getAt(Collection coll,
             String property)

Support the subscript operator for List

    assert [String, Long, Integer] == ["a",5L,2]["class"]

Parameters:
  `coll` - a Collection
  `property` - a String
Returns:
  a List
Since:
  1.0

#### asImmutable

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> asImmutable(Map<? extends K,? extends V> self)

A convenience method for creating an immutable map.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
Returns:
  an immutable Map
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Collections.unmodifiableMap(java.util.Map)`

#### asImmutable

    public static <K,V> SortedMap<K,V> asImmutable(SortedMap<K,? extends V> self)

A convenience method for creating an immutable sorted map.

Parameters:
  `self` - a SortedMap
Returns:
  an immutable SortedMap
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Collections.unmodifiableSortedMap(java.util.SortedMap)`

#### asImmutable

    public static <T> List<T> asImmutable(List<? extends T> self)

A convenience method for creating an immutable list

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
Returns:
  an immutable List
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Collections.unmodifiableList(java.util.List)`

#### asImmutable

    public static <T> Set<T> asImmutable(Set<? extends T> self)

A convenience method for creating an immutable list.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Set
Returns:
  an immutable Set
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Collections.unmodifiableSet(java.util.Set)`

#### asImmutable

    public static <T> SortedSet<T> asImmutable(SortedSet<T> self)

A convenience method for creating an immutable sorted set.

Parameters:
  `self` - a SortedSet
Returns:
  an immutable SortedSet
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Collections.unmodifiableSortedSet(java.util.SortedSet)`

#### asImmutable

    public static <T> Collection<T> asImmutable(Collection<? extends T> self)

A convenience method for creating an immutable Collection.

    def mutable = [1,2,3]
     def immutable = mutable.asImmutable()
     mutable << 4
     try {
       immutable << 4
       assert false
     } catch (UnsupportedOperationException) {
       assert true
     }

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
Returns:
  an immutable Collection
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `Collections.unmodifiableCollection(java.util.Collection)`

#### asSynchronized

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> asSynchronized(Map<K,V> self)

A convenience method for creating a synchronized Map.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
Returns:
  a synchronized Map
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Collections.synchronizedMap(java.util.Map)`

#### asSynchronized

    public static <K,V> SortedMap<K,V> asSynchronized(SortedMap<K,V> self)

A convenience method for creating a synchronized SortedMap.

Parameters:
  `self` - a SortedMap
Returns:
  a synchronized SortedMap
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Collections.synchronizedSortedMap(java.util.SortedMap)`

#### asSynchronized

    public static <T> Collection<T> asSynchronized(Collection<T> self)

A convenience method for creating a synchronized Collection.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
Returns:
  a synchronized Collection
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Collections.synchronizedCollection(java.util.Collection)`

#### asSynchronized

    public static <T> List<T> asSynchronized(List<T> self)

A convenience method for creating a synchronized List.

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
Returns:
  a synchronized List
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Collections.synchronizedList(java.util.List)`

#### asSynchronized

    public static <T> Set<T> asSynchronized(Set<T> self)

A convenience method for creating a synchronized Set.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Set
Returns:
  a synchronized Set
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Collections.synchronizedSet(java.util.Set)`

#### asSynchronized

    public static <T> SortedSet<T> asSynchronized(SortedSet<T> self)

A convenience method for creating a synchronized SortedSet.

Parameters:
  `self` - a SortedSet
Returns:
  a synchronized SortedSet
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Collections.synchronizedSortedSet(java.util.SortedSet)`

#### spread

    public static SpreadMap spread(Map self)

Synonym for `toSpreadMap(java.util.Map)`.

Parameters:
  `self` - a map
Returns:
  a newly created Spreadmap
Since:
  1.0

#### toSpreadMap

    public static SpreadMap toSpreadMap(Map self)

Returns a new `SpreadMap` from this map.

For examples, if there is defined a function like as

>          def fn(a, b, c, d) { return a + b + c + d }

, then all of the following three have the same meaning.

>          println fn(a:1, [b:2, c:3].toSpreadMap(), d:4)
>          println fn(a:1, *:[b:2, c:3], d:4)
>          println fn(a:1, b:2, c:3, d:4)

Parameters:
  `self` - a list to be converted into a spreadmap
Returns:
  a newly created Spreadmap if this list is not null and its size is positive.
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `SpreadMap.SpreadMap(java.util.Map)`

#### toSpreadMap

    public static SpreadMap toSpreadMap(Object[] self)

Creates a spreadable map from this array.

Parameters:
  `self` - an object array
Returns:
  a newly created Spreadmap
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `SpreadMap.SpreadMap(java.lang.Object[])`

#### withDefault

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> withDefault(Map<K,V> self,
                             Closure init)

Wraps a map using the delegate pattern with a wrapper that intercepts all calls to `get(key)`. If an unknown key is found, a default value will be stored into the Map before being returned. The default value stored will be the result of calling the supplied Closure with the key as the parameter to the Closure. Example usage:

     def map = [a:1, b:2].withDefault{ k -> k.toCharacter().isLowerCase() ? 10 : -10 }
     def expected = [a:1, b:2, c:10, D:-10]
     assert expected.every{ e -> e.value == map[e.key] }

     def constMap = [:].withDefault{ 42 }
     assert constMap.foo == 42
     assert constMap.size() == 1

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `init` - a Closure which is passed the unknown key
Returns:
  the wrapped Map
Since:
  1.7.1

#### sort

    public static <T> List<T> sort(Collection<T> self)

Sorts the given collection into a sorted list. The collection items are assumed to be comparable.

    assert [1,2,3] == [3,1,2].sort()

Parameters:
  `self` - the collection to be sorted
Returns:
  the sorted collection as a List
Since:
  1.0

#### sort

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> sort(Map<K,V> self,
                      Closure closure)

Sorts the elements from the given map into a new ordered map using the closure as a comparator to determine the ordering.

    def map = [a:5, b:3, c:6, d:4].sort { a, b -> a.value <=> b.value }
     assert map == [b:3, d:4, a:5, c:6]

Parameters:
  `self` - the map to be sorted
  `closure` - a Closure used as a comparator
Returns:
  the sorted map
Since:
  1.6.0

#### sort

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> sort(Map<K,V> self,
                      Comparator<K> comparator)

Sorts the elements from the given map into a new ordered Map using the specified key comparator to determine the ordering.

    def map = [ba:3, cz:6, ab:5].sort({ a, b -> a[-1] <=> b[-1] } as Comparator)
     assert map*.value == [3, 5, 6]

Parameters:
  `self` - the map to be sorted
  `comparator` - a Comparator
Returns:
  the sorted map
Since:
  1.7.2

#### sort

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> sort(Map<K,V> self)

Sorts the elements from the given map into a new ordered Map using the natural ordering of the keys to determine the ordering.

    map = [ba:3, cz:6, ab:5].sort()
     assert map*.value == [5, 3, 6]

Parameters:
  `self` - the map to be sorted
Returns:
  the sorted map
Since:
  1.7.2

#### sort

    public static <T> T[] sort(T[] self)

Sorts the given Object array into sorted order. The array items are assumed to be comparable.

Parameters:
  `self` - the array to be sorted
Returns:
  the sorted array
Since:
  1.5.5

#### sort

    public static <T> Iterator<T> sort(Iterator<T> self)

Sorts the given iterator items into a sorted iterator. The items are assumed to be comparable. The original iterator will become exhausted of elements after completing this method call. A new iterator is produced that traverses the items in sorted order.

Parameters:
  `self` - the Iterator to be sorted
Returns:
  the sorted items as an Iterator
Since:
  1.5.5

#### sort

    public static <T> Iterator<T> sort(Iterator<T> self,
                       Comparator<T> comparator)

Sorts the given iterator items into a sorted iterator using the comparator.

Parameters:
  `self` - the Iterator to be sorted
  `comparator` - a Comparator used for comparing items
Returns:
  the sorted items as an Iterator
Since:
  1.5.5

#### sort

    public static <T> List<T> sort(Collection<T> self,
                   Comparator<T> comparator)

Sorts the Collection using the given comparator. The elements are sorted into a new list, and the existing collection is unchanged.

    assert ["hi","hey","hello"] == ["hello","hi","hey"].sort( { a, b -> a.length() <=> b.length() } as Comparator )

    assert ["hello","Hey","hi"] == ["hello","hi","Hey"].sort(String.CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER)

Parameters:
  `self` - a collection to be sorted
  `comparator` - a Comparator used for the comparison
Returns:
  a newly created sorted List
Since:
  1.0

#### sort

    public static <T> T[] sort(T[] self,
               Comparator<T> comparator)

Sorts the given Object array into sorted order using the given comparator.

Parameters:
  `self` - the array to be sorted
  `comparator` - a Comparator used for the comparison
Returns:
  the sorted array
Since:
  1.5.5

#### sort

    public static <T> Iterator<T> sort(Iterator<T> self,
                       Closure closure)

Sorts the given iterator items into a sorted iterator using the Closure to determine the correct ordering. The original iterator will be fully processed after the method call. If the closure has two parameters it is used like a traditional Comparator. I.e. it should compare its two parameters for order, returning a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer when the first parameter is less than, equal to, or greater than the second respectively. Otherwise, the Closure is assumed to take a single parameter and return a Comparable (typically an Integer) which is then used for further comparison.

Parameters:
  `self` - the Iterator to be sorted
  `closure` - a Closure used to determine the correct ordering
Returns:
  the sorted items as an Iterator
Since:
  1.5.5

#### sort

    public static <T> T[] sort(T[] self,
               Closure closure)

Sorts the given Object array into a newly created array using the Closure to determine the correct ordering. If the closure has two parameters it is used like a traditional Comparator. I.e. it should compare its two parameters for order, returning a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer when the first parameter is less than, equal to, or greater than the second respectively. Otherwise, the Closure is assumed to take a single parameter and return a Comparable (typically an Integer) which is then used for further comparison.

Parameters:
  `self` - the array to be sorted
  `closure` - a Closure used to determine the correct ordering
Returns:
  the sorted array
Since:
  1.5.5

#### sort

    public static <T> List<T> sort(Collection<T> self,
                   Closure closure)

Sorts this Collection using the closure to determine the correct ordering. If the closure has two parameters it is used like a traditional Comparator. I.e. it should compare its two parameters for order, returning a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer when the first parameter is less than, equal to, or greater than the second respectively. Otherwise, the Closure is assumed to take a single parameter and return a Comparable (typically an Integer) which is then used for further comparison.

    assert ["hi","hey","hello"] == ["hello","hi","hey"].sort { it.length() }

    assert ["hi","hey","hello"] == ["hello","hi","hey"].sort { a, b -> a.length() <=> b.length() }

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection to be sorted
  `closure` - a 1 or 2 arg Closure used to determine the correct ordering
Returns:
  a newly created sorted List
Since:
  1.0

#### sort

    public static <T> SortedSet<T> sort(SortedSet<T> self)

Avoids doing unnecessary work when sorting an already sorted set.

Parameters:
  `self` - an identity function for an already sorted set
Returns:
  the sorted set
Since:
  1.0

#### pop

    public static <T> T pop(List<T> self)

Removes the last item from the List. Using add() and pop() is similar to push and pop on a Stack.

    def list = ["a", false, 2]
     assert list.pop() == 2
     assert list == ["a", false]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
Returns:
  the item removed from the List
Throws:
  `NoSuchElementException` - if the list is empty and you try to pop() it.
Since:
  1.0

#### putAll

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> putAll(Map<K,V> self,
                        Collection<Map.Entry<K,V>> entries)

Provides an easy way to append multiple Map.Entry values to a Map.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `entries` - a Collection of Map.Entry items to be added to the Map.
Returns:
  the same map, after the items have been added to it.
Since:
  1.6.1

#### plus

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> plus(Map<K,V> self,
                      Collection<Map.Entry<K,V>> entries)

Returns a new `Map` containing all entries from `self` and `entries`, giving precedence to `entries`. Any keys appearing in both Maps will appear in the resultant map with values from the `entries` operand. If `self` map is one of TreeMap, LinkedHashMap, Hashtable or Properties, the returned Map will preserve that type, otherwise a HashMap will be returned.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `entries` - a Collection of Map.Entry items to be added to the Map.
Returns:
  a new Map containing all key, value pairs from self and entries
Since:
  1.6.1

#### push

    public static <T> boolean push(List<T> self,
                   T value)

Appends an item to the List. Synonym for add().

    def list = [3, 4, 2]
     list.push("x")
     assert list == [3, 4, 2, "x"]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `value` - element to be appended to this list.
Returns:
  `true` (as per the general contract of the `Collection.add` method).
Throws:
  `NoSuchElementException` - if the list is empty and you try to pop() it.
Since:
  1.5.5

#### last

    public static <T> T last(List<T> self)

Returns the last item from the List.

    def list = [3, 4, 2]
     assert list.last() == 2
     assert list == [3, 4, 2]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
Returns:
  the last item from the List
Throws:
  `NoSuchElementException` - if the list is empty and you try to access the last() item.
Since:
  1.5.5

#### last

    public static <T> T last(T[] self)

Returns the last item from the Object array.

    def array = [3, 4, 2].toArray()
     assert array.last() == 2

Parameters:
  `self` - an ObjectArray
Returns:
  the last item from the Object array
Throws:
  `NoSuchElementException` - if the array is empty and you try to access the last() item.
Since:
  1.7.3

#### first

    public static <T> T first(List<T> self)

Returns the first item from the List.

    def list = [3, 4, 2]
     assert list.first() == 3
     assert list == [3, 4, 2]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
Returns:
  the first item from the List
Throws:
  `NoSuchElementException` - if the list is empty and you try to access the first() item.
Since:
  1.5.5

#### first

    public static <T> T first(T[] self)

Returns the first item from the Object array.

    def array = [3, 4, 2].toArray()
     assert array.first() == 3

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object array
Returns:
  the first item from the Object array
Throws:
  `NoSuchElementException` - if the array is empty and you try to access the first() item.
Since:
  1.7.3

#### head

    public static <T> T head(List<T> self)

Returns the first item from the List.

    def list = [3, 4, 2]
     assert list.head() == 3
     assert list == [3, 4, 2]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
Returns:
  the first item from the List
Throws:
  `NoSuchElementException` - if the list is empty and you try to access the head() item.
Since:
  1.5.5

#### head

    public static <T> T head(T[] self)

Returns the first item from the Object array.

    def array = [3, 4, 2].toArray()
     assert array.head() == 3

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object array
Returns:
  the first item from the Object array
Throws:
  `NoSuchElementException` - if the array is empty and you try to access the head() item.
Since:
  1.7.3

#### tail

    public static <T> List<T> tail(List<T> self)

Returns the items from the List excluding the first item.

    def list = [3, 4, 2]
     assert list.tail() == [4, 2]
     assert list == [3, 4, 2]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
Returns:
  a list without its first element
Throws:
  `NoSuchElementException` - if the list is empty and you try to access the tail() item.
Since:
  1.5.6

#### tail

    public static <T> T[] tail(T[] self)

Returns the items from the Object array excluding the first item.

         String[] strings = ["a", "b", "c"]
         def result = strings.tail()
         assert strings.class.componentType == String

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object array
Returns:
  an Object array without its first element
Throws:
  `NoSuchElementException` - if the list is empty and you try to access the tail() item.
Since:
  1.7.3

#### asList

    public static <T> List<T> asList(Collection<T> self)

Converts this Collection to a List. Returns the original Collection if it is already a List.

Example usage:

    assert new HashSet().asList() instanceof List

Parameters:
  `self` - a collection to be converted into a List
Returns:
  a newly created List if this collection is not already a List
Since:
  1.0

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(Object object)

Coerce an object instance to a boolean value. An object is coerced to true if it's not null, to false if it is null.

Parameters:
  `object` - the object to coerce
Returns:
  the boolean value
Since:
  1.7.0

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(Boolean bool)

Coerce an Boolean instance to a boolean value.

Parameters:
  `bool` - the Boolean
Returns:
  the boolean value
Since:
  1.7.0

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(Matcher matcher)

Coerce a Matcher instance to a boolean value.

Parameters:
  `matcher` - the matcher
Returns:
  the boolean value
Since:
  1.7.0

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(Collection collection)

Coerce a collection instance to a boolean value. A collection is coerced to false if it's empty, and to true otherwise.

    assert [1,2].asBoolean() == true

    assert [].asBoolean() == false

Parameters:
  `collection` - the collection
Returns:
  the boolean value
Since:
  1.7.0

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(Map map)

Coerce a map instance to a boolean value. A map is coerced to false if it's empty, and to true otherwise.

    assert [:] as Boolean == false
     assert [a:2] as Boolean == true

Parameters:
  `map` - the map
Returns:
  the boolean value
Since:
  1.7.0

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(Iterator iterator)

Coerce an iterator instance to a boolean value. An iterator is coerced to false if there are no more elements to iterate over, and to true otherwise.

Parameters:
  `iterator` - the iterator
Returns:
  the boolean value
Since:
  1.7.0

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(Enumeration enumeration)

Coerce an enumeration instance to a boolean value. An enumeration is coerced to false if there are no more elements to enumerate, and to true otherwise.

Parameters:
  `enumeration` - the enumeration
Returns:
  the boolean value
Since:
  1.7.0

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(CharSequence string)

Coerce a string (an instance of CharSequence) to a boolean value. A string is coerced to false if it is of length 0, and to true otherwise.

Parameters:
  `string` - the character sequence
Returns:
  the boolean value
Since:
  1.7.0

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(Object[] array)

Coerce an Object array to a boolean value. An Object array is false if the array is of length 0. and to true otherwise

Parameters:
  `array` - the array
Returns:
  the boolean value
Since:
  1.7.0

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(byte[] array)

Coerces a byte array to a boolean value. A byte array is false if the array is of length 0, and true otherwise.

Parameters:
  `array` - an array
Returns:
  the array's boolean value
Since:
  1.7.4

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(short[] array)

Coerces a short array to a boolean value. A short array is false if the array is of length 0, and true otherwise.

Parameters:
  `array` - an array
Returns:
  the array's boolean value
Since:
  1.7.4

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(int[] array)

Coerces an int array to a boolean value. An int array is false if the array is of length 0, and true otherwise.

Parameters:
  `array` - an array
Returns:
  the array's boolean value
Since:
  1.7.4

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(long[] array)

Coerces a long array to a boolean value. A long array is false if the array is of length 0, and true otherwise.

Parameters:
  `array` - an array
Returns:
  the array's boolean value
Since:
  1.7.4

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(float[] array)

Coerces a float array to a boolean value. A float array is false if the array is of length 0, and true otherwise.

Parameters:
  `array` - an array
Returns:
  the array's boolean value
Since:
  1.7.4

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(double[] array)

Coerces a double array to a boolean value. A double array is false if the array is of length 0, and true otherwise.

Parameters:
  `array` - an array
Returns:
  the array's boolean value
Since:
  1.7.4

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(boolean[] array)

Coerces a boolean array to a boolean value. A boolean array is false if the array is of length 0, and true otherwise.

Parameters:
  `array` - an array
Returns:
  the array's boolean value
Since:
  1.7.4

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(char[] array)

Coerces a char array to a boolean value. A char array is false if the array is of length 0, and true otherwise.

Parameters:
  `array` - an array
Returns:
  the array's boolean value
Since:
  1.7.4

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(Character character)

Coerce a character to a boolean value. A character is coerced to false if it's character value is equal to 0, and to true otherwise.

Parameters:
  `character` - the character
Returns:
  the boolean value
Since:
  1.7.0

#### asBoolean

    public static boolean asBoolean(Number number)

Coerce a number to a boolean value. A number is coerced to false if its double value is equal to 0, and to true otherwise, and to true otherwise.

Parameters:
  `number` - the number
Returns:
  the boolean value
Since:
  1.7.0

#### asBoolean

    @Deprecated
    public static boolean asBoolean(GroovyResultSet grs)

Deprecated. use SqlGroovyMethods#asBoolean(GroovyResultSet)

#### asType

    public static Object asType(Collection col,
                Class clazz)

Converts the given collection to another type. A default concrete type is used for List, Set, or SortedSet. If the given type has a constructor taking a collection, that is used. Otherwise, the call is deferred to {link #asType(Object,Class)}. If this collection is already of the given type, the same instance is returned.

Parameters:
  `col` - a collection
  `clazz` - the desired class
Returns:
  the object resulting from this type conversion
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `asType(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Class)`

#### asType

    public static Object asType(Object[] ary,
                Class clazz)

Converts the given array to either a List, Set, or SortedSet. If the given class is something else, the call is deferred to {link #asType(Object,Class)}.

Parameters:
  `ary` - an array
  `clazz` - the desired class
Returns:
  the object resulting from this type conversion
Since:
  1.5.1
See Also:
  `asType(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Class)`

#### asType

    public static Object asType(Closure cl,
                Class clazz)

Coerces the closure to an implementation of the given class. The class is assumed to be an interface or class with a single method definition. The closure is used as the implementation of that single method.

Parameters:
  `cl` - the implementation of the single method
  `clazz` - the target type
Returns:
  a Proxy of the given type which wraps this closure.
Since:
  1.0

#### asType

    public static Object asType(Map map,
                Class clazz)

Coerces this map to the given type, using the map's keys as the public method names, and values as the implementation. Typically the value would be a closure which behaves like the method implementation.

Parameters:
  `map` - this map
  `clazz` - the target type
Returns:
  a Proxy of the given type, which defers calls to this map's elements.
Since:
  1.0

#### reverse

    public static <T> List<T> reverse(List<T> self)

Reverses the list. The result is a new List with the identical contents in reverse order.

    def list = ["a", 4, false]
     assert list.reverse() == [false, 4, "a"]
     assert list == ["a", 4, false]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
Returns:
  a reversed List
Since:
  1.0

#### reverse

    public static <T> Iterator<T> reverse(Iterator<T> self)

Reverses the iterator. The original iterator will become exhausted of elements after determining the reversed values. A new iterator for iterating through the reversed values is returned.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Iterator
Returns:
  a reversed Iterator
Since:
  1.5.5

#### plus

    public static <T> Collection<T> plus(Collection<T> left,
                         Collection<T> right)

Create a Collection as a union of two collections. If the left collection is a Set, then the returned collection will be a Set otherwise a List. This operation will always create a new object for the result, while the operands remain unchanged.

    assert [1,2,3,4] == [1,2] + [3,4]

Parameters:
  `left` - the left Collection
  `right` - the right Collection
Returns:
  the merged Collection
Since:
  1.5.0

#### plus

    public static <T> Collection<T> plus(Collection<T> left,
                         T right)

Create a collection as a union of a Collection and an Object. If the collection is a Set, then the returned collection will be a Set otherwise a List. This operation will always create a new object for the result, while the operands remain unchanged.

    assert [1,2,3] == [1,2] + 3

Parameters:
  `left` - a Collection
  `right` - an object to add/append
Returns:
  the resulting Collection
Since:
  1.5.0

#### multiply

    public static <T> List<T> multiply(Collection<T> self,
                       Number factor)

Create a List composed of the elements of this list, repeated a certain number of times. Note that for non-primitive elements, multiple references to the same instance will be added.

    assert [1,2,3,1,2,3] == [1,2,3] * 2

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `factor` - the number of times to append
Returns:
  the multiplied list
Since:
  1.0

#### intersect

    public static <T> Collection<T> intersect(Collection<T> left,
                              Collection<T> right)

Create a Collection composed of the intersection of both collections. Any elements that exist in both collections are added to the resultant collection.

    assert [4,5] == [1,2,3,4,5].intersect([4,5,6,7,8])

Parameters:
  `left` - a Collection
  `right` - a Collection
Returns:
  a Collection as an intersection of both collections
Since:
  1.5.6

#### intersect

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> intersect(Map<K,V> left,
                           Map<K,V> right)

Create a Map composed of the intersection of both maps. Any entries that exist in both maps are added to the resultant map.

    assert [4:4,5:5] == [1:1,2:2,3:3,4:4,5:5].intersect([4:4,5:5,6:6,7:7,8:8])

    assert [1: 1, 2: 2, 3: 3, 4: 4].intersect( [1: 1.0, 2: 2, 5: 5] ) == [1:1, 2:2]

Parameters:
  `left` - a map
  `right` - a map
Returns:
  a Map as an intersection of both maps
Since:
  1.7.4

#### disjoint

    public static boolean disjoint(Collection left,
                   Collection right)

Returns `true` if the intersection of two collections is empty.

    assert [1,2,3].disjoint([3,4,5]) == false

    assert [1,2].disjoint([3,4]) == true

Parameters:
  `left` - a Collection
  `right` - a Collection
Returns:
  boolean `true` if the intersection of two collections is empty, `false` otherwise.
Since:
  1.0

#### equals

    public static boolean equals(int[] left,
                 int[] right)

Compare the contents of this array to the contents of the given array.

Parameters:
  `left` - an int array
  `right` - the operand array.
Returns:
  true if the contents of both arrays are equal.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### equals

    public static boolean equals(Object[] left,
                 List right)

Determines if the contents of this array are equal to the contents of the given list, in the same order. This returns `false` if either collection is `null`.

Parameters:
  `left` - this array
  `right` - the list being compared
Returns:
  true if the contents of both collections are equal
Since:
  1.5.0

#### equals

    public static boolean equals(List left,
                 Object[] right)

Determines if the contents of this list are equal to the contents of the given array in the same order. This returns `false` if either collection is `null`.

    assert [1, "a"].equals( [ 1, "a" ] as Object[] )

Parameters:
  `left` - this List
  `right` - this Object[] being compared to
Returns:
  true if the contents of both collections are equal
Since:
  1.5.0

#### equals

    public static boolean equals(List left,
                 List right)

Compare the contents of two Lists. Order matters. If numbers exist in the Lists, then they are compared as numbers, for example 2 == 2L. If both lists are `null`, the result is true; otherwise if either list is `null`, the result is `false`.

    assert ["a", 2].equals(["a", 2])
     assert ![2, "a"].equals("a", 2)
     assert [2.0, "a"].equals(2L, "a") // number comparison at work

Parameters:
  `left` - this List
  `right` - the List being compared to.
Returns:
  boolean `true` if the contents of both lists are identical, `false` otherwise.
Since:
  1.0

#### minus

    public static <T> Set<T> minus(Set<T> self,
                   Collection operands)

Create a Set composed of the elements of the first set minus the elements of the given collection.

TODO: remove using number comparator?

Parameters:
  `self` - a set object
  `operands` - the items to remove from the set
Returns:
  the resulting set
Since:
  1.5.0

#### minus

    public static <T> Set<T> minus(Set<T> self,
                   Object operand)

Create a Set composed of the elements of the first set minus the operand.

Parameters:
  `self` - a set object
  `operand` - the operand to remove from the set
Returns:
  the resulting set
Since:
  1.5.0

#### minus

    public static <T> T[] minus(T[] self,
                Collection<T> removeMe)

Create an array composed of the elements of the first array minus the elements of the given collection.

Parameters:
  `self` - an object array
  `removeMe` - a Collection of elements to remove
Returns:
  an array with the supplied elements removed
Since:
  1.5.5

#### minus

    public static <T> T[] minus(T[] self,
                T[] removeMe)

Create an array composed of the elements of the first array minus the elements of the given array.

Parameters:
  `self` - an object array
  `removeMe` - an array of elements to remove
Returns:
  an array with the supplied elements removed
Since:
  1.5.5

#### minus

    public static <T> List<T> minus(List<T> self,
                    Collection<T> removeMe)

Create a List composed of the elements of the first list minus every occurrence of elements of the given collection.

    assert [1, "a", true, true, false, 5.3] - [true, 5.3] == [1, "a", false]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List
  `removeMe` - a Collection of elements to remove
Returns:
  a List with the supplied elements removed
Since:
  1.0

#### minus

    public static <T> List<T> minus(List<T> self,
                    Object operand)

Create a new List composed of the elements of the first list minus every occurrence of the operand.

    assert ["a", 5, 5, true] - 5 == ["a", true]

Parameters:
  `self` - a List object
  `operand` - an element to remove from the list
Returns:
  the resulting List with the operand removed
Since:
  1.0

#### minus

    public static <T> T[] minus(T[] self,
                Object operand)

Create a new object array composed of the elements of the first array minus the operand.

Parameters:
  `self` - an object array
  `operand` - an element to remove from the array
Returns:
  a new array with the operand removed
Since:
  1.5.5

#### minus

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> minus(Map<K,V> self,
                       Map<K,V> operands)

Create a Map composed of the entries of the first map minus the entries of the given map.

Parameters:
  `self` - a map object
  `operands` - the entries to remove from the map
Returns:
  the resulting map
Since:
  1.7.4

#### flatten

    public static Collection flatten(Collection self)

Flatten a collection. This collection and any nested arrays or collections have their contents (recursively) added to the new collection.

    assert [1,2,3,4,5] == [1,[2,3],[[4]],[],5].flatten()

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection to flatten
Returns:
  a flattened Collection
Since:
  1.6.0

#### flatten

    public static Collection flatten(Object[] self)

Flatten an array. This array and any nested arrays or collections have their contents (recursively) added to the new collection.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Array to flatten
Returns:
  a flattened Collection
Since:
  1.6.0

#### flatten

    public static Collection flatten(boolean[] self)

Flatten an array. This array and any nested arrays or collections have their contents (recursively) added to the new collection.

Parameters:
  `self` - a boolean Array to flatten
Returns:
  a flattened Collection
Since:
  1.6.0

#### flatten

    public static Collection flatten(byte[] self)

Flatten an array. This array and any nested arrays or collections have their contents (recursively) added to the new collection.

Parameters:
  `self` - a byte Array to flatten
Returns:
  a flattened Collection
Since:
  1.6.0

#### flatten

    public static Collection flatten(char[] self)

Flatten an array. This array and any nested arrays or collections have their contents (recursively) added to the new collection.

Parameters:
  `self` - a char Array to flatten
Returns:
  a flattened Collection
Since:
  1.6.0

#### flatten

    public static Collection flatten(short[] self)

Flatten an array. This array and any nested arrays or collections have their contents (recursively) added to the new collection.

Parameters:
  `self` - a short Array to flatten
Returns:
  a flattened Collection
Since:
  1.6.0

#### flatten

    public static Collection flatten(int[] self)

Flatten an array. This array and any nested arrays or collections have their contents (recursively) added to the new collection.

Parameters:
  `self` - an int Array to flatten
Returns:
  a flattened Collection
Since:
  1.6.0

#### flatten

    public static Collection flatten(long[] self)

Flatten an array. This array and any nested arrays or collections have their contents (recursively) added to the new collection.

Parameters:
  `self` - a long Array to flatten
Returns:
  a flattened Collection
Since:
  1.6.0

#### flatten

    public static Collection flatten(float[] self)

Flatten an array. This array and any nested arrays or collections have their contents (recursively) added to the new collection.

Parameters:
  `self` - a float Array to flatten
Returns:
  a flattened Collection
Since:
  1.6.0

#### flatten

    public static Collection flatten(double[] self)

Flatten an array. This array and any nested arrays or collections have their contents (recursively) added to the new collection.

Parameters:
  `self` - a double Array to flatten
Returns:
  a flattened Collection
Since:
  1.6.0

#### flatten

    public static Collection flatten(Collection self,
                     Closure flattenUsing)

Flatten a collection. This collection and any nested arrays or collections have their contents (recursively) added to the new collection. For any non-Array, non-Collection object which represents some sort of collective type, the supplied closure should yield the contained items; otherwise, the closure should just return any element which corresponds to a leaf.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `flattenUsing` - a closure to determine how to flatten non-Array, non-Collection elements
Returns:
  a flattened Collection
Since:
  1.6.0

#### leftShift

    public static <T> Collection<T> leftShift(Collection<T> self,
                              T value)

Overloads the left shift operator to provide an easy way to append objects to a Collection.

    def list = [1,2]
     list << 3
     assert list == [1,2,3]

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `value` - an Object to be added to the collection.
Returns:
  same collection, after the value was added to it.
Since:
  1.0

#### leftShift

    public static <T> BlockingQueue<T> leftShift(BlockingQueue<T> self,
                                 T value)
                                      throws InterruptedException

Overloads the left shift operator to provide an easy way to append objects to a BlockingQueue. In case of bounded queue the method will block till space in the queue become available

    def list = new java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue ()
     list << 3 << 2 << 1
     assert list.iterator().collect{it} == [3,2,1]

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `value` - an Object to be added to the collection.
Returns:
  same collection, after the value was added to it.
Throws:
  `InterruptedException`
Since:
  1.7.1

#### leftShift

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> leftShift(Map<K,V> self,
                           Map.Entry<K,V> entry)

Overloads the left shift operator to provide an easy way to append Map.Entry values to a Map.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `entry` - a Map.Entry to be added to the Map.
Returns:
  same map, after the value has been added to it.
Since:
  1.6.0

#### leftShift

    public static <K,V> Map<K,V> leftShift(Map<K,V> self,
                           Map<K,V> other)

Overloads the left shift operator to provide an easy way to put one maps entries into another map. This allows the compact syntax `map1 << map2`; otherwise it's just a synonym for `putAll` though it returns the original map rather than being a `void` method. Example usage:

    def map = [a:1, b:2]
     map << [c:3, d:4]
     assert map == [a:1, b:2, c:3, d:4]

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `other` - another Map whose entries should be added to the original Map.
Returns:
  same map, after the values have been added to it.
Since:
  1.7.2

#### leftShift

    public static StringBuffer leftShift(String self,
                         Object value)

Overloads the left shift operator to provide an easy way to append multiple objects as string representations to a String.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `value` - an Obect
Returns:
  a StringBuffer built from this string
Since:
  1.0

#### createStringWriter

    protected static StringWriter createStringWriter(String self)

#### createStringBufferWriter

    protected static StringBufferWriter createStringBufferWriter(StringBuffer self)

#### leftShift

    public static StringBuffer leftShift(StringBuffer self,
                         Object value)

Overloads the left shift operator to provide an easy way to append multiple objects as string representations to a StringBuffer.

Parameters:
  `self` - a StringBuffer
  `value` - a value to append
Returns:
  the StringBuffer on which this operation was invoked
Since:
  1.0

#### leftShift

    public static Writer leftShift(Writer self,
                   Object value)
                            throws IOException

Overloads the left shift operator to provide a mechanism to append values to a writer.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Writer
  `value` - a value to append
Returns:
  the writer on which this operation was invoked
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### leftShift

    public static Number leftShift(Number self,
                   Number operand)

Implementation of the left shift operator for integral types. Non integral Number types throw UnsupportedOperationException.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number object
  `operand` - the shift distance by which to left shift the number
Returns:
  the resulting number
Since:
  1.5.0

#### rightShift

    public static Number rightShift(Number self,
                    Number operand)

Implementation of the right shift operator for integral types. Non integral Number types throw UnsupportedOperationException.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number object
  `operand` - the shift distance by which to right shift the number
Returns:
  the resulting number
Since:
  1.5.0

#### rightShiftUnsigned

    public static Number rightShiftUnsigned(Number self,
                            Number operand)

Implementation of the right shift (unsigned) operator for integral types. Non integral Number types throw UnsupportedOperationException.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number object
  `operand` - the shift distance by which to right shift (unsigned) the number
Returns:
  the resulting number
Since:
  1.5.0

#### write

    public static void write(Writer self,
             Writable writable)
                      throws IOException

A helper method so that dynamic dispatch of the writer.write(object) method will always use the more efficient Writable.writeTo(writer) mechanism if the object implements the Writable interface.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Writer
  `writable` - an object implementing the Writable interface
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### leftShift

    public static Writer leftShift(OutputStream self,
                   Object value)
                            throws IOException

Overloads the leftShift operator to provide an append mechanism to add values to a stream.

Parameters:
  `self` - an OutputStream
  `value` - a value to append
Returns:
  a Writer
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### leftShift

    public static void leftShift(ObjectOutputStream self,
                 Object value)
                          throws IOException

Overloads the leftShift operator to add objects to an ObjectOutputStream.

Parameters:
  `self` - an ObjectOutputStream
  `value` - an object to write to the stream
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### leftShift

    public static OutputStream leftShift(OutputStream self,
                         InputStream in)
                                  throws IOException

Pipe an InputStream into an OutputStream for efficient stream copying.

Parameters:
  `self` - stream on which to write
  `in` - stream to read from
Returns:
  the outputstream itself
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### leftShift

    public static OutputStream leftShift(OutputStream self,
                         byte[] value)
                                  throws IOException

Overloads the leftShift operator to provide an append mechanism to add bytes to a stream.

Parameters:
  `self` - an OutputStream
  `value` - a value to append
Returns:
  an OutputStream
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Byte> getAt(byte[] array,
                   Range range)

Support the subscript operator with a range for a byte array

Parameters:
  `array` - a byte array
  `range` - a range indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved bytes
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Character> getAt(char[] array,
                        Range range)

Support the subscript operator with a range for a char array

Parameters:
  `array` - a char array
  `range` - a range indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved chars
Since:
  1.5.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Short> getAt(short[] array,
                    Range range)

Support the subscript operator with a range for a short array

Parameters:
  `array` - a short array
  `range` - a range indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved shorts
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Integer> getAt(int[] array,
                      Range range)

Support the subscript operator with a range for an int array

Parameters:
  `array` - an int array
  `range` - a range indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the ints at the given indices
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Long> getAt(long[] array,
                   Range range)

Support the subscript operator with a range for a long array

Parameters:
  `array` - a long array
  `range` - a range indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved longs
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Float> getAt(float[] array,
                    Range range)

Support the subscript operator with a range for a float array

Parameters:
  `array` - a float array
  `range` - a range indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved floats
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Double> getAt(double[] array,
                     Range range)

Support the subscript operator with a range for a double array

Parameters:
  `array` - a double array
  `range` - a range indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved doubles
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Boolean> getAt(boolean[] array,
                      Range range)

Support the subscript operator with a range for a boolean array

Parameters:
  `array` - a boolean array
  `range` - a range indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved booleans
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Byte> getAt(byte[] array,
                   IntRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a byte array

Parameters:
  `array` - a byte array
  `range` - an IntRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved bytes
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Character> getAt(char[] array,
                        IntRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a char array

Parameters:
  `array` - a char array
  `range` - an IntRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved chars
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Short> getAt(short[] array,
                    IntRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a short array

Parameters:
  `array` - a short array
  `range` - an IntRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved shorts
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Integer> getAt(int[] array,
                      IntRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for an int array

Parameters:
  `array` - an int array
  `range` - an IntRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved ints
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Long> getAt(long[] array,
                   IntRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a long array

Parameters:
  `array` - a long array
  `range` - an IntRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved longs
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Float> getAt(float[] array,
                    IntRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a float array

Parameters:
  `array` - a float array
  `range` - an IntRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved floats
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Double> getAt(double[] array,
                     IntRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a double array

Parameters:
  `array` - a double array
  `range` - an IntRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved doubles
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Boolean> getAt(boolean[] array,
                      IntRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an IntRange for a boolean array

Parameters:
  `array` - a boolean array
  `range` - an IntRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved booleans
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Byte> getAt(byte[] array,
                   ObjectRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a byte array

Parameters:
  `array` - a byte array
  `range` - an ObjectRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved bytes
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Character> getAt(char[] array,
                        ObjectRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a char array

Parameters:
  `array` - a char array
  `range` - an ObjectRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved chars
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Short> getAt(short[] array,
                    ObjectRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a short array

Parameters:
  `array` - a short array
  `range` - an ObjectRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved shorts
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Integer> getAt(int[] array,
                      ObjectRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for an int array

Parameters:
  `array` - an int array
  `range` - an ObjectRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved ints
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Long> getAt(long[] array,
                   ObjectRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a long array

Parameters:
  `array` - a long array
  `range` - an ObjectRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved longs
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Float> getAt(float[] array,
                    ObjectRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a float array

Parameters:
  `array` - a float array
  `range` - an ObjectRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved floats
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Double> getAt(double[] array,
                     ObjectRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a double array

Parameters:
  `array` - a double array
  `range` - an ObjectRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved doubles
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Boolean> getAt(boolean[] array,
                      ObjectRange range)

Support the subscript operator with an ObjectRange for a byte array

Parameters:
  `array` - a byte array
  `range` - an ObjectRange indicating the indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the retrieved bytes
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Byte> getAt(byte[] array,
                   Collection indices)

Support the subscript operator with a collection for a byte array

Parameters:
  `array` - a byte array
  `indices` - a collection of indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the bytes at the given indices
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Character> getAt(char[] array,
                        Collection indices)

Support the subscript operator with a collection for a char array

Parameters:
  `array` - a char array
  `indices` - a collection of indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the chars at the given indices
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Short> getAt(short[] array,
                    Collection indices)

Support the subscript operator with a collection for a short array

Parameters:
  `array` - a short array
  `indices` - a collection of indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the shorts at the given indices
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Integer> getAt(int[] array,
                      Collection indices)

Support the subscript operator with a collection for an int array

Parameters:
  `array` - an int array
  `indices` - a collection of indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the ints at the given indices
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Long> getAt(long[] array,
                   Collection indices)

Support the subscript operator with a collection for a long array

Parameters:
  `array` - a long array
  `indices` - a collection of indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the longs at the given indices
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Float> getAt(float[] array,
                    Collection indices)

Support the subscript operator with a collection for a float array

Parameters:
  `array` - a float array
  `indices` - a collection of indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the floats at the given indices
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Double> getAt(double[] array,
                     Collection indices)

Support the subscript operator with a collection for a double array

Parameters:
  `array` - a double array
  `indices` - a collection of indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the doubles at the given indices
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static List<Boolean> getAt(boolean[] array,
                      Collection indices)

Support the subscript operator with a collection for a boolean array

Parameters:
  `array` - a boolean array
  `indices` - a collection of indices for the items to retrieve
Returns:
  list of the booleans at the given indices
Since:
  1.0

#### getAt

    public static boolean getAt(BitSet self,
                int index)

Support the subscript operator for a Bitset

Parameters:
  `self` - a BitSet
  `index` - index to retrieve
Returns:
  value of the bit at the given index
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `BitSet`

#### getAt

    public static BitSet getAt(BitSet self,
               IntRange range)

Support retrieving a subset of a BitSet using a Range

Parameters:
  `self` - a BitSet
  `range` - a Range defining the desired subset
Returns:
  a new BitSet that represents the requested subset
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `BitSet`, `IntRange`

#### putAt

    public static void putAt(BitSet self,
             IntRange range,
             boolean value)

Support assigning a range of values with a single assignment statement.

Parameters:
  `self` - a BitSet
  `range` - the range of values to set
  `value` - value
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `BitSet`, `Range`

#### putAt

    public static void putAt(BitSet self,
             int index,
             boolean value)

Support subscript-style assignment for a BitSet.

Parameters:
  `self` - a BitSet
  `index` - index of the entry to set
  `value` - value
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `BitSet`

#### size

    public static int size(boolean[] array)

Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.

Parameters:
  `array` - a boolean array
Returns:
  the length of the array
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `Array.getLength(java.lang.Object)`

#### size

    public static int size(byte[] array)

Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.

Parameters:
  `array` - a byte array
Returns:
  the length of the array
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Array.getLength(java.lang.Object)`

#### size

    public static int size(char[] array)

Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.

Parameters:
  `array` - a char array
Returns:
  the length of the array
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Array.getLength(java.lang.Object)`

#### size

    public static int size(short[] array)

Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.

Parameters:
  `array` - a short array
Returns:
  the length of the array
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Array.getLength(java.lang.Object)`

#### size

    public static int size(int[] array)

Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.

Parameters:
  `array` - an int array
Returns:
  the length of the array
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Array.getLength(java.lang.Object)`

#### size

    public static int size(long[] array)

Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.

Parameters:
  `array` - a long array
Returns:
  the length of the array
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Array.getLength(java.lang.Object)`

#### size

    public static int size(float[] array)

Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.

Parameters:
  `array` - a float array
Returns:
  the length of the array
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Array.getLength(java.lang.Object)`

#### size

    public static int size(double[] array)

Allows arrays to behave similar to collections.

Parameters:
  `array` - a double array
Returns:
  the length of the array
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Array.getLength(java.lang.Object)`

#### toList

    public static List<Byte> toList(byte[] array)

Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.

Parameters:
  `array` - a byte array
Returns:
  a list containing the contents of this array.
Since:
  1.0

#### toList

    public static List<Boolean> toList(boolean[] array)

Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.

Parameters:
  `array` - a boolean array
Returns:
  a list containing the contents of this array.
Since:
  1.6.0

#### toList

    public static List<Character> toList(char[] array)

Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.

Parameters:
  `array` - a char array
Returns:
  a list containing the contents of this array.
Since:
  1.0

#### toList

    public static List<Short> toList(short[] array)

Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.

Parameters:
  `array` - a short array
Returns:
  a list containing the contents of this array.
Since:
  1.0

#### toList

    public static List<Integer> toList(int[] array)

Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.

Parameters:
  `array` - an int array
Returns:
  a list containing the contents of this array.
Since:
  1.0

#### toList

    public static List<Long> toList(long[] array)

Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.

Parameters:
  `array` - a long array
Returns:
  a list containing the contents of this array.
Since:
  1.0

#### toList

    public static List<Float> toList(float[] array)

Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.

Parameters:
  `array` - a float array
Returns:
  a list containing the contents of this array.
Since:
  1.0

#### toList

    public static List<Double> toList(double[] array)

Converts this array to a List of the same size, with each element added to the list.

Parameters:
  `array` - a double array
Returns:
  a list containing the contents of this array.
Since:
  1.0

#### primitiveArrayGet

    protected static Object primitiveArrayGet(Object self,
                           int idx)

Implements the getAt(int) method for primitve type arrays.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array object
  `idx` - the index of interest
Returns:
  the returned value from the array
Since:
  1.5.0

#### primitiveArrayGet

    protected static List primitiveArrayGet(Object self,
                         Range range)

Implements the getAt(Range) method for primitve type arrays.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array object
  `range` - the range of indices of interest
Returns:
  the returned values from the array corresponding to the range
Since:
  1.5.0

#### primitiveArrayGet

    protected static List primitiveArrayGet(Object self,
                         Collection indices)

Implements the getAt(Collection) method for primitve type arrays. Each value in the collection argument is assumed to be a valid array index. The value at each index is then added to a list which is returned.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array object
  `indices` - the indices of interest
Returns:
  the returned values from the array
Since:
  1.0

#### primitiveArrayPut

    protected static Object primitiveArrayPut(Object self,
                           int idx,
                           Object newValue)

Implements the setAt(int idx) method for primitve type arrays.

Parameters:
  `self` - an object
  `idx` - the index of interest
  `newValue` - the new value to be put into the index of interest
Returns:
  the added value
Since:
  1.5.0

#### toCharacter

    public static Character toCharacter(String self)

Converts the given string into a Character object using the first character in the string.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  the first Character
Since:
  1.0

#### toBoolean

    public static Boolean toBoolean(String self)

Converts the given string into a Boolean object. If the trimmed string is "true", "y" or "1" (ignoring case) then the result is true othewrwise it is false.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  The Boolean value
Since:
  1.0

#### toBoolean

    public static Boolean toBoolean(Boolean self)

Identity conversion which returns Boolean.TRUE for a true Boolean and Boolean.FALSE for a false Boolean.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Boolean
Returns:
  the original Boolean
Since:
  1.7.6

#### split

    public static String[] split(String self)

Convenience method to split a string (with whitespace as delimiter) Like tokenize, but returns an Array of Strings instead of a List

Parameters:
  `self` - the string to split
Returns:
  String[] result of split
Since:
  1.5.0

#### capitalize

    public static String capitalize(String self)

Convenience method to capitalize the first letter of a string (typically the first letter of a word). Example usage:

     assert 'h'.capitalize() == 'H'
     assert 'hello'.capitalize() == 'Hello'
     assert 'hello world'.capitalize() == 'Hello world'
     assert 'Hello World' ==
         'hello world'.split(' ').collect{ it.capitalize() }.join(' ')

Parameters:
  `self` - The string to capitalize
Returns:
  String The capitalized String result of split
Since:
  1.7.3

#### expand

    public static String expand(String self)

Expands all tabs into spaces with tabStops of size 8.

Parameters:
  `self` - A String to expand
Returns:
  The expanded String
Since:
  1.7.3
See Also:
  `expand(java.lang.String, int)`

#### expand

    public static String expand(String self,
                int tabStop)

Expands all tabs into spaces.

Parameters:
  `self` - A String to expand
  `tabStop` - The number of spaces a tab represents
Returns:
  The expanded String
Since:
  1.7.3

#### expandLine

    public static String expandLine(String self,
                    int tabStop)

Expands all tabs into spaces.

Parameters:
  `self` - A line to expand
  `tabStop` - The number of spaces a tab represents
Returns:
  The expanded String
Since:
  1.7.3

#### unexpand

    public static String unexpand(String self)

Replaces sequences of whitespaces with tabs using tabStops of size 8.

Parameters:
  `self` - A String to unexpand
Returns:
  The unexpanded String
Since:
  1.7.3
See Also:
  `unexpand(java.lang.String, int)`

#### unexpand

    public static String unexpand(String self,
                  int tabStop)

Replaces sequences of whitespaces with tabs.

Parameters:
  `self` - A String to unexpand
  `tabStop` - The number of spaces a tab represents
Returns:
  The unexpanded String
Since:
  1.7.3

#### unexpandLine

    public static String unexpandLine(String self,
                      int tabStop)

Replaces sequences of whitespaces with tabs within a line.

Parameters:
  `self` - A line to unexpand
  `tabStop` - The number of spaces a tab represents
Returns:
  The unexpanded String
Since:
  1.7.3

#### split

    public static String[] split(GString self)

Convenience method to split a GString (with whitespace as delimiter).

Parameters:
  `self` - the GString to split
Returns:
  String[] result of split
Since:
  1.6.1
See Also:
  `split(java.lang.String)`

#### tokenize

    public static List tokenize(String self,
                String token)

Tokenize a String based on the given string delimiter.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `token` - the delimiter
Returns:
  a List of tokens
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `StringTokenizer.StringTokenizer(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)`

#### tokenize

    public static List tokenize(String self,
                Character token)

Tokenize a String based on the given character delimiter. For example:

     char pathSep = ':'
     assert "/tmp:/usr".tokenize(pathSep) == ["/tmp", "/usr"]

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `token` - the delimiter
Returns:
  a List of tokens
Since:
  1.7.2
See Also:
  `StringTokenizer.StringTokenizer(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)`

#### tokenize

    public static List tokenize(String self)

Tokenize a String (with a whitespace as the delimiter).

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  a List of tokens
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `StringTokenizer.StringTokenizer(java.lang.String)`

#### plus

    public static String plus(String left,
              Object value)

Appends the String representation of the given operand to this string.

Parameters:
  `left` - a String
  `value` - any Object
Returns:
  the new string with the object appended
Since:
  1.0

#### plus

    public static String plus(Number value,
              String right)

Appends a String to the string representation of this number.

Parameters:
  `value` - a Number
  `right` - a String
Returns:
  a String
Since:
  1.0

#### plus

    public static String plus(StringBuffer left,
              String value)

Appends a String to this StringBuffer.

Parameters:
  `left` - a StringBuffer
  `value` - a String
Returns:
  a String
Since:
  1.0

#### minus

    public static String minus(String self,
               Object target)

Remove a part of a String. This replaces the first occurrence of target within self with '' and returns the result. If target is a regex Pattern, the first occurrence of that pattern will be removed (using regex matching), otherwise the first occurrence of target.toString() will be removed.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `target` - an object representing the part to remove
Returns:
  a String minus the part to be removed
Since:
  1.0

#### contains

    public static boolean contains(String self,
                   String text)

Provide an implementation of contains() like `Collection.contains(java.lang.Object)` to make Strings more polymorphic. This method is not required on JDK 1.5 onwards

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `text` - a String to look for
Returns:
  true if this string contains the given text
Since:
  1.0

#### count

    public static int count(String self,
            String text)

Count the number of occurencies of a substring.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `text` - a substring
Returns:
  the number of occurrencies of the given string inside this String
Since:
  1.0

#### next

    public static String next(String self)

This method is called by the ++ operator for the class String. It increments the last character in the given string. If the character in the string is Character.MAX_VALUE a Character.MIN_VALUE will be appended. The empty string is incremented to a string consisting of the character Character.MIN_VALUE.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  an incremented String
Since:
  1.0

#### previous

    public static String previous(String self)

This method is called by the -- operator for the class String. It decrements the last character in the given string. If the character in the string is Character.MIN_VALUE it will be deleted. The empty string can't be decremented.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  a String with a decremented digit at the end
Since:
  1.0

#### execute

    public static Process execute(String self)
                           throws IOException

Executes the command specified by `self` as a command-line process.

For more control over Process construction you can use `java.lang.ProcessBuilder` (JDK 1.5+).

Parameters:
  `self` - a command line String
Returns:
  the Process which has just started for this command line representation
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### execute

    public static Process execute(String self,
                  String[] envp,
                  File dir)
                           throws IOException

Executes the command specified by `self` with environment defined by `envp` and under the working directory `dir`.

For more control over Process construction you can use `java.lang.ProcessBuilder` (JDK 1.5+).

Parameters:
  `self` - a command line String to be executed.
  `envp` - an array of Strings, each element of which has environment variable settings in the format name=value, or `null` if the subprocess should inherit the environment of the current process.
  `dir` - the working directory of the subprocess, or `null` if the subprocess should inherit the working directory of the current process.
Returns:
  the Process which has just started for this command line representation.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### execute

    public static Process execute(String self,
                  List envp,
                  File dir)
                           throws IOException

Executes the command specified by `self` with environment defined by `envp` and under the working directory `dir`.

For more control over Process construction you can use `java.lang.ProcessBuilder` (JDK 1.5+).

Parameters:
  `self` - a command line String to be executed.
  `envp` - a List of Objects (converted to Strings using toString), each member of which has environment variable settings in the format name=value, or `null` if the subprocess should inherit the environment of the current process.
  `dir` - the working directory of the subprocess, or `null` if the subprocess should inherit the working directory of the current process.
Returns:
  the Process which has just started for this command line representation.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### execute

    public static Process execute(String[] commandArray)
                           throws IOException

Executes the command specified by the given `String` array. The first item in the array is the command; the others are the parameters.

For more control over Process construction you can use `java.lang.ProcessBuilder` (JDK 1.5+).

Parameters:
  `commandArray` - an array of `String`containing the command name and parameters as separate items in the array.``
Returns:
  the Process which has just started for this command line representation.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### execute

    public static Process execute(String[] commandArray,
                  String[] envp,
                  File dir)
                           throws IOException

Executes the command specified by the `String` array given in the first parameter, with the environment defined by `envp` and under the working directory `dir`. The first item in the array is the command; the others are the parameters.

For more control over Process construction you can use `java.lang.ProcessBuilder` (JDK 1.5+).

Parameters:
  `commandArray` - an array of `String`containing the command name and parameters as separate items in the array.``
  `envp` - an array of Strings, each member of which has environment variable settings in the format name=value, or `null` if the subprocess should inherit the environment of the current process.
  `dir` - the working directory of the subprocess, or `null` if the subprocess should inherit the working directory of the current process.
Returns:
  the Process which has just started for this command line representation.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### execute

    public static Process execute(String[] commandArray,
                  List envp,
                  File dir)
                           throws IOException

Executes the command specified by the `String` array given in the first parameter, with the environment defined by `envp` and under the working directory `dir`. The first item in the array is the command; the others are the parameters.

For more control over Process construction you can use `java.lang.ProcessBuilder` (JDK 1.5+).

Parameters:
  `commandArray` - an array of `String`containing the command name and parameters as separate items in the array.``
  `envp` - a List of Objects (converted to Strings using toString), each member of which has environment variable settings in the format name=value, or `null` if the subprocess should inherit the environment of the current process.
  `dir` - the working directory of the subprocess, or `null` if the subprocess should inherit the working directory of the current process.
Returns:
  the Process which has just started for this command line representation.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### execute

    public static Process execute(List commands)
                           throws IOException

Executes the command specified by the given list. The toString() method is called for each item in the list to convert into a resulting String. The first item in the list is the command the others are the parameters.

For more control over Process construction you can use `java.lang.ProcessBuilder` (JDK 1.5+).

Parameters:
  `commands` - a list containing the command name and parameters as separate items in the list.
Returns:
  the Process which has just started for this command line representation.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### execute

    public static Process execute(List commands,
                  String[] envp,
                  File dir)
                           throws IOException

Executes the command specified by the given list, with the environment defined by `envp` and under the working directory `dir`. The first item in the list is the command; the others are the parameters. The toString() method is called on items in the list to convert them to Strings.

For more control over Process construction you can use `java.lang.ProcessBuilder` (JDK 1.5+).

Parameters:
  `commands` - a List containing the command name and parameters as separate items in the list.
  `envp` - an array of Strings, each member of which has environment variable settings in the format name=value, or `null` if the subprocess should inherit the environment of the current process.
  `dir` - the working directory of the subprocess, or `null` if the subprocess should inherit the working directory of the current process.
Returns:
  the Process which has just started for this command line representation.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### execute

    public static Process execute(List commands,
                  List envp,
                  File dir)
                           throws IOException

Executes the command specified by the given list, with the environment defined by `envp` and under the working directory `dir`. The first item in the list is the command; the others are the parameters. The toString() method is called on items in the list to convert them to Strings.

For more control over Process construction you can use `java.lang.ProcessBuilder` (JDK 1.5+).

Parameters:
  `commands` - a List containing the command name and parameters as separate items in the list.
  `envp` - a List of Objects (converted to Strings using toString), each member of which has environment variable settings in the format name=value, or `null` if the subprocess should inherit the environment of the current process.
  `dir` - the working directory of the subprocess, or `null` if the subprocess should inherit the working directory of the current process.
Returns:
  the Process which has just started for this command line representation.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### multiply

    public static String multiply(String self,
                  Number factor)

Repeat a String a certain number of times.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String to be repeated
  `factor` - the number of times the String should be repeated
Returns:
  a String composed of a repetition
Throws:
  `IllegalArgumentException` - if the number of repetitions is < 0
Since:
  1.0

#### toString

    public static String toString(boolean[] self)

Returns the string representation of the given array.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.6.0

#### toString

    public static String toString(byte[] self)

Returns the string representation of the given array.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.6.0

#### toString

    public static String toString(char[] self)

Returns the string representation of the given array.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.6.0

#### toString

    public static String toString(short[] self)

Returns the string representation of the given array.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.6.0

#### toString

    public static String toString(int[] self)

Returns the string representation of the given array.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.6.0

#### toString

    public static String toString(long[] self)

Returns the string representation of the given array.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.6.0

#### toString

    public static String toString(float[] self)

Returns the string representation of the given array.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.6.0

#### toString

    public static String toString(double[] self)

Returns the string representation of the given array.

Parameters:
  `self` - an array
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.6.0

#### toString

    public static String toString(AbstractMap self)

Returns the string representation of the given map.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `toMapString(java.util.Map)`

#### toMapString

    public static String toMapString(Map self)

Returns the string representation of this map. The string displays the contents of the map, i.e. `[one:1, two:2, three:3]`.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.0

#### toMapString

    public static String toMapString(Map self,
                     int maxSize)

Returns the string representation of this map. The string displays the contents of the map, i.e. `[one:1, two:2, three:3]`.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Map
  `maxSize` - stop after approximately this many characters and append '...'
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.0

#### toString

    public static String toString(AbstractCollection self)

Returns the string representation of the given collection. The string displays the contents of the collection, i.e. `[1, 2, a]`.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `toListString(java.util.Collection)`

#### toListString

    public static String toListString(Collection self)

Returns the string representation of the given list. The string displays the contents of the list, similar to a list literal, i.e. `[1, 2, a]`.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.0

#### toListString

    public static String toListString(Collection self,
                      int maxSize)

Returns the string representation of the given list. The string displays the contents of the list, similar to a list literal, i.e. `[1, 2, a]`.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Collection
  `maxSize` - stop after approximately this many characters and append '...'
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.7.3

#### toString

    public static String toString(Object[] self)

Returns the string representation of this array's contents.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object[]
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `toArrayString(java.lang.Object[])`

#### toArrayString

    public static String toArrayString(Object[] self)

Returns the string representation of the given array. The string displays the contents of the array, similar to an array literal, i.e. `{1, 2, "a"}`.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Object[]
Returns:
  the string representation
Since:
  1.0

#### toString

    public static String toString(Object value)

Create a String representation of this object.

Parameters:
  `value` - an object
Returns:
  a string.
Since:
  1.0

#### next

    public static Character next(Character self)

Increment a Character by one.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Character
Returns:
  an incremented Character
Since:
  1.5.7

#### next

    public static Number next(Number self)

Increment a Number by one.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number
Returns:
  an incremented Number
Since:
  1.0

#### previous

    public static Character previous(Character self)

Decrement a Character by one.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Character
Returns:
  a decremented Character
Since:
  1.5.7

#### previous

    public static Number previous(Number self)

Decrement a Number by one.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number
Returns:
  a decremented Number
Since:
  1.0

#### plus

    public static Number plus(Character left,
              Number right)

Add a Character and a Number. The ordinal value of the Character is used in the addition (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value). This operation will always create a new object for the result, while the operands remain unchanged.

Parameters:
  `left` - a Character
  `right` - a Number
Returns:
  the Number corresponding to the addition of left and right
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Integer.valueOf(int)`

#### plus

    public static Number plus(Number left,
              Character right)

Add a Number and a Character. The ordinal value of the Character is used in the addition (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Number
  `right` - a Character
Returns:
  The Number corresponding to the addition of left and right
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Integer.valueOf(int)`

#### plus

    public static Number plus(Character left,
              Character right)

Add one Character to another. The ordinal values of the Characters are used in the addition (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value). This operation will always create a new object for the result, while the operands remain unchanged.

Parameters:
  `left` - a Character
  `right` - a Character
Returns:
  the Number corresponding to the addition of left and right
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `plus(java.lang.Number, java.lang.Character)`

#### compareTo

    public static int compareTo(Character left,
                Number right)

Compare a Character and a Number. The ordinal value of the Character is used in the comparison (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Character
  `right` - a Number
Returns:
  the result of the comparison
Since:
  1.0

#### compareTo

    public static int compareTo(Number left,
                Character right)

Compare a Number and a Character. The ordinal value of the Character is used in the comparison (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Number
  `right` - a Character
Returns:
  the result of the comparison
Since:
  1.0

#### compareTo

    public static int compareTo(Character left,
                Character right)

Compare two Characters. The ordinal values of the Characters are compared (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Character
  `right` - a Character
Returns:
  the result of the comparison
Since:
  1.0

#### compareTo

    public static int compareTo(Number left,
                Number right)

Compare two Numbers. Equality (==) for numbers dispatches to this.

Parameters:
  `left` - a Number
  `right` - another Number to compare to
Returns:
  the comparision of both numbers
Since:
  1.0

#### minus

    public static Number minus(Character left,
               Number right)

Subtract a Number from a Character. The ordinal value of the Character is used in the subtraction (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Character
  `right` - a Number
Returns:
  the Number corresponding to the subtraction of right from left
Since:
  1.0

#### minus

    public static Number minus(Number left,
               Character right)

Subtract a Character from a Number. The ordinal value of the Character is used in the subtraction (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Number
  `right` - a Character
Returns:
  the Number corresponding to the subtraction of right from left
Since:
  1.0

#### minus

    public static Number minus(Character left,
               Character right)

Subtract one Character from another. The ordinal values of the Characters is used in the comparison (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Character
  `right` - a Character
Returns:
  the Number corresponding to the subtraction of right from left
Since:
  1.0

#### multiply

    public static Number multiply(Character left,
                  Number right)

Multiply a Character by a Number. The ordinal value of the Character is used in the multiplcation (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Character
  `right` - a Number
Returns:
  the Number corresponding to the multiplication of left by right
Since:
  1.0

#### multiply

    public static Number multiply(Number left,
                  Character right)

Multiply a Number by a Character. The ordinal value of the Character is used in the multiplication (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Number
  `right` - a Character
Returns:
  the multiplication of left by right
Since:
  1.0

#### multiply

    public static Number multiply(Character left,
                  Character right)

Multiply two Characters. The ordinal values of the Characters are used in the multiplication (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Character
  `right` - another Character
Returns:
  the Number corresponding to the multiplication of left by right
Since:
  1.0

#### multiply

    public static Number multiply(BigDecimal left,
                  Double right)

Multiply a BigDecimal and a Double. Note: This method was added to enforce the Groovy rule of BigDecimal*Double == Double. Without this method, the multiply(BigDecimal) method in BigDecimal would respond and return a BigDecimal instead. Since BigDecimal is preferred over Number, the Number*Number method is not chosen as in older versions of Groovy.

Parameters:
  `left` - a BigDecimal
  `right` - a Double
Returns:
  the multiplication of left by right
Since:
  1.0

#### multiply

    public static Number multiply(BigDecimal left,
                  BigInteger right)

Multiply a BigDecimal and a BigInteger. Note: This method was added to enforce the Groovy rule of BigDecimal*long == long. Without this method, the multiply(BigDecimal) method in BigDecimal would respond and return a BigDecimal instead. Since BigDecimal is preferred over Number, the Number*Number method is not chosen as in older versions of Groovy. BigInteger is the fallback for all integer types in Groovy

Parameters:
  `left` - a BigDecimal
  `right` - a BigInteger
Returns:
  the multiplication of left by right
Since:
  1.0

#### power

    public static Number power(Number self,
               Number exponent)

Power of a Number to a certain exponent. Called by the '**' operator.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number
  `exponent` - a Number exponent
Returns:
  a Number to the power of a certain exponent
Since:
  1.0

#### power

    public static Number power(BigDecimal self,
               Integer exponent)

Power of a BigDecimal to an integer certain exponent. If the exponent is positive, call the BigDecimal.pow(int) method to maintain precision. Called by the '**' operator.

Parameters:
  `self` - a BigDecimal
  `exponent` - an Integer exponent
Returns:
  a Number to the power of a the exponent

#### power

    public static Number power(BigInteger self,
               Integer exponent)

Power of a BigInteger to an integer certain exponent. If the exponent is positive, call the BigInteger.pow(int) method to maintain precision. Called by the '**' operator.

Parameters:
  `self` - a BigInteger
  `exponent` - an Integer exponent
Returns:
  a Number to the power of a the exponent

#### power

    public static Number power(Integer self,
               Integer exponent)

Power of an integer to an integer certain exponent. If the exponent is positive, convert to a BigInteger and call BigInteger.pow(int) method to maintain precision. Called by the '**' operator.

Parameters:
  `self` - an Integer
  `exponent` - an Integer exponent
Returns:
  a Number to the power of a the exponent

#### power

    public static Number power(Long self,
               Integer exponent)

Power of a long to an integer certain exponent. If the exponent is positive, convert to a BigInteger and call BigInteger.pow(int) method to maintain precision. Called by the '**' operator.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Long
  `exponent` - an Integer exponent
Returns:
  a Number to the power of a the exponent

#### div

    public static Number div(Character left,
             Number right)

Divide a Character by a Number. The ordinal value of the Character is used in the division (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Character
  `right` - a Number
Returns:
  the Number corresponding to the division of left by right
Since:
  1.0

#### div

    public static Number div(Number left,
             Character right)

Divide a Number by a Character. The ordinal value of the Character is used in the division (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Number
  `right` - a Character
Returns:
  the Number corresponding to the division of left by right
Since:
  1.0

#### div

    public static Number div(Character left,
             Character right)

Divide one Character by another. The ordinal values of the Characters are used in the division (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Character
  `right` - another Character
Returns:
  the Number corresponding to the division of left by right
Since:
  1.0

#### intdiv

    public static Number intdiv(Character left,
                Number right)

Integer Divide a Character by a Number. The ordinal value of the Character is used in the division (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Character
  `right` - a Number
Returns:
  a Number (an Integer) resulting from the integer division operation
Since:
  1.0

#### intdiv

    public static Number intdiv(Number left,
                Character right)

Integer Divide a Number by a Character. The ordinal value of the Character is used in the division (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Number
  `right` - a Character
Returns:
  a Number (an Integer) resulting from the integer division operation
Since:
  1.0

#### intdiv

    public static Number intdiv(Character left,
                Character right)

Integer Divide two Characters. The ordinal values of the Characters are used in the division (the ordinal value is the unicode value which for simple character sets is the ASCII value).

Parameters:
  `left` - a Character
  `right` - another Character
Returns:
  a Number (an Integer) resulting from the integer division operation
Since:
  1.0

#### intdiv

    public static Number intdiv(Number left,
                Number right)

Integer Divide two Numbers.

Parameters:
  `left` - a Number
  `right` - another Number
Returns:
  a Number (an Integer) resulting from the integer division operation
Since:
  1.0

#### or

    public static Number or(Number left,
            Number right)

Bitwise OR together two numbers.

Parameters:
  `left` - a Number
  `right` - another Number to bitwise OR
Returns:
  the bitwise OR of both Numbers
Since:
  1.0

#### and

    public static Number and(Number left,
             Number right)

Bitwise AND together two Numbers.

Parameters:
  `left` - a Number
  `right` - another Number to bitwise AND
Returns:
  the bitwise AND of both Numbers
Since:
  1.0

#### and

    public static BitSet and(BitSet left,
             BitSet right)

Bitwise AND together two BitSets.

Parameters:
  `left` - a BitSet
  `right` - another BitSet to bitwise AND
Returns:
  the bitwise AND of both BitSets
Since:
  1.5.0

#### xor

    public static BitSet xor(BitSet left,
             BitSet right)

Bitwise XOR together two BitSets. Called when the '^' operator is used between two bit sets.

Parameters:
  `left` - a BitSet
  `right` - another BitSet to bitwise AND
Returns:
  the bitwise XOR of both BitSets
Since:
  1.5.0

#### bitwiseNegate

    public static BitSet bitwiseNegate(BitSet self)

Bitwise NEGATE a BitSet.

Parameters:
  `self` - a BitSet
Returns:
  the bitwise NEGATE of the BitSet
Since:
  1.5.0

#### or

    public static BitSet or(BitSet left,
            BitSet right)

Bitwise OR together two BitSets. Called when the '|' operator is used between two bit sets.

Parameters:
  `left` - a BitSet
  `right` - another BitSet to bitwise AND
Returns:
  the bitwise OR of both BitSets
Since:
  1.5.0

#### xor

    public static Number xor(Number left,
             Number right)

Bitwise XOR together two Numbers. Called when the '|' operator is used.

Parameters:
  `left` - a Number
  `right` - another Number to bitwse XOR
Returns:
  the bitwise XOR of both Numbers
Since:
  1.0

#### mod

    public static Number mod(Number left,
             Number right)

Performs a division modulus operation. Called by the '%' operator.

Parameters:
  `left` - a Number
  `right` - another Number to mod
Returns:
  the modulus result
Since:
  1.0

#### unaryMinus

    public static Number unaryMinus(Number left)

Negates the number. Equivalent to the '-' operator when it preceeds a single operand, i.e. `-10`

Parameters:
  `left` - a Number
Returns:
  the negation of the number
Since:
  1.5.0

#### times

    public static void times(Number self,
             Closure closure)

Executes the closure this many times, starting from zero. The current index is passed to the closure each time. Example:

    10.times {
       println it
     }

Prints the numbers 0 through 9.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number
  `closure` - the closure to call a number of times
Since:
  1.0

#### upto

    public static void upto(Number self,
            Number to,
            Closure closure)

Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number
  `to` - another Number to go up to
  `closure` - the closure to call
Since:
  1.0

#### upto

    public static void upto(long self,
            Number to,
            Closure closure)

Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a long
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### upto

    public static void upto(Long self,
            Number to,
            Closure closure)

Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Long
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### upto

    public static void upto(float self,
            Number to,
            Closure closure)

Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a float
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### upto

    public static void upto(Float self,
            Number to,
            Closure closure)

Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Float
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### upto

    public static void upto(double self,
            Number to,
            Closure closure)

Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a double
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### upto

    public static void upto(Double self,
            Number to,
            Closure closure)

Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Double
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### upto

    public static void upto(BigInteger self,
            Number to,
            Closure closure)

Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time. Example:

    0.upto( 10 ) {
       println it
     }

Prints numbers 0 to 10

Parameters:
  `self` - a BigInteger
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### upto

    public static void upto(BigDecimal self,
            Number to,
            Closure closure)

Iterates from this number up to the given number, inclusive, incrementing by one each time.

    0.1.upto( 10 ) {
       println it
     }

Prints numbers 0.1, 1.1, 2.1... to 9.1

Parameters:
  `self` - a BigDecimal
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### downto

    public static void downto(Number self,
              Number to,
              Closure closure)

Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number
  `to` - another Number to go down to
  `closure` - the closure to call
Since:
  1.0

#### downto

    public static void downto(long self,
              Number to,
              Closure closure)

Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a long
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### downto

    public static void downto(Long self,
              Number to,
              Closure closure)

Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Long
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### downto

    public static void downto(float self,
              Number to,
              Closure closure)

Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a float
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### downto

    public static void downto(Float self,
              Number to,
              Closure closure)

Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Float
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### downto

    public static void downto(double self,
              Number to,
              Closure closure)

Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a double
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### downto

    public static void downto(Double self,
              Number to,
              Closure closure)

Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Double
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### downto

    public static void downto(BigInteger self,
              Number to,
              Closure closure)

Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a BigInteger
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### downto

    public static void downto(BigDecimal self,
              Number to,
              Closure closure)

Iterates from this number down to the given number, inclusive, decrementing by one each time. Each number is passed to the closure. Example:

    10.5.downto(0) {
       println it
     }

Prints numbers 10.5, 9.5 ... to 0.5.

Parameters:
  `self` - a BigDecimal
  `to` - the end number
  `closure` - the code to execute for each number
Since:
  1.0

#### step

    public static void step(Number self,
            Number to,
            Number stepNumber,
            Closure closure)

Iterates from this number up to the given number using a step increment. Each intermediate number is passed to the given closure. Example:

    0.step( 10, 2 ) {
       println it
     }

Prints even numbers 0 through 8.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number to start with
  `to` - a Number to go up to, exclusive
  `stepNumber` - a Number representing the step increment
  `closure` - the closure to call
Since:
  1.0

#### abs

    public static int abs(Number number)

Get the absolute value

Parameters:
  `number` - a Number
Returns:
  the absolute value of that Number
Since:
  1.0

#### abs

    public static long abs(Long number)

Get the absolute value

Parameters:
  `number` - a Long
Returns:
  the absolute value of that Long
Since:
  1.0

#### abs

    public static float abs(Float number)

Get the absolute value

Parameters:
  `number` - a Float
Returns:
  the absolute value of that Float
Since:
  1.0

#### abs

    public static double abs(Double number)

Get the absolute value

Parameters:
  `number` - a Double
Returns:
  the absolute value of that Double
Since:
  1.0

#### round

    public static int round(Float number)

Round the value

Parameters:
  `number` - a Float
Returns:
  the rounded value of that Float
Since:
  1.0

#### round

    public static float round(Float number,
              int precision)

Round the value

Parameters:
  `number` - a Float
  `precision` - the number of decimal places to keep
Returns:
  the Float rounded to the number of decimal places specified by precision
Since:
  1.6.0

#### trunc

    public static float trunc(Float number,
              int precision)

Truncate the value

Parameters:
  `number` - a Float
  `precision` - the number of decimal places to keep
Returns:
  the Float truncated to the number of decimal places specified by precision
Since:
  1.6.0

#### trunc

    public static float trunc(Float number)

Truncate the value

Parameters:
  `number` - a Double
Returns:
  the Double truncated to 0 decimal places (i.e. a synonym for floor)
Since:
  1.6.0

#### round

    public static long round(Double number)

Round the value

Parameters:
  `number` - a Double
Returns:
  the rounded value of that Double
Since:
  1.0

#### round

    public static double round(Double number,
               int precision)

Round the value

Parameters:
  `number` - a Double
  `precision` - the number of decimal places to keep
Returns:
  the Double rounded to the number of decimal places specified by precision
Since:
  1.6.4

#### trunc

    public static double trunc(Double number)

Truncate the value

Parameters:
  `number` - a Double
Returns:
  the Double truncated to 0 decimal places (i.e. a synonym for floor)
Since:
  1.6.4

#### trunc

    public static double trunc(Double number,
               int precision)

Truncate the value

Parameters:
  `number` - a Double
  `precision` - the number of decimal places to keep
Returns:
  the Double truncated to the number of decimal places specified by precision
Since:
  1.6.4

#### toInteger

    public static Integer toInteger(String self)

Parse a String into an Integer

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  an Integer
Since:
  1.0

#### toLong

    public static Long toLong(String self)

Parse a String into a Long

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  a Long
Since:
  1.0

#### toShort

    public static Short toShort(String self)

Parse a String into a Short

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  a Short
Since:
  1.5.7

#### toFloat

    public static Float toFloat(String self)

Parse a String into a Float

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  a Float
Since:
  1.0

#### toDouble

    public static Double toDouble(String self)

Parse a String into a Double

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  a Double
Since:
  1.0

#### toBigInteger

    public static BigInteger toBigInteger(String self)

Parse a String into a BigInteger

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  a BigInteger
Since:
  1.0

#### toBigDecimal

    public static BigDecimal toBigDecimal(String self)

Parse a String into a BigDecimal

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  a BigDecimal
Since:
  1.0

#### isInteger

    public static boolean isInteger(String self)

Determine if a String can be parsed into an Integer.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  true if the string can be parsed
Since:
  1.5.0

#### isLong

    public static boolean isLong(String self)

Determine if a String can be parsed into a Long.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  true if the string can be parsed
Since:
  1.5.0

#### isFloat

    public static boolean isFloat(String self)

Determine if a String can be parsed into a Float.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  true if the string can be parsed
Since:
  1.5.0

#### isDouble

    public static boolean isDouble(String self)

Determine if a String can be parsed into a Double.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  true if the string can be parsed
Since:
  1.5.0

#### isBigInteger

    public static boolean isBigInteger(String self)

Determine if a String can be parsed into a BigInteger.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  true if the string can be parsed
Since:
  1.5.0

#### isBigDecimal

    public static boolean isBigDecimal(String self)

Determine if a String can be parsed into a BigDecimal.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  true if the string can be parsed
Since:
  1.5.0

#### isNumber

    public static boolean isNumber(String self)

Determine if a String can be parsed into a Number. Synonym for 'isBigDecimal()'.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  true if the string can be parsed
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `isBigDecimal(java.lang.String)`

#### isUpperCase

    public static boolean isUpperCase(Character self)

Determine if a Character is uppercase. Synonym for 'Character.isUpperCase(this)'.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Character
Returns:
  true if the character is uppercase
Since:
  1.5.7
See Also:
  `Character.isUpperCase(char)`

#### isLowerCase

    public static boolean isLowerCase(Character self)

Determine if a Character is lowercase. Synonym for 'Character.isLowerCase(this)'.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Character
Returns:
  true if the character is lowercase
Since:
  1.5.7
See Also:
  `Character.isLowerCase(char)`

#### isLetter

    public static boolean isLetter(Character self)

Determines if a character is a letter. Synonym for 'Character.isLetter(this)'.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Character
Returns:
  true if the character is a letter
Since:
  1.5.7
See Also:
  `Character.isLetter(char)`

#### isDigit

    public static boolean isDigit(Character self)

Determines if a character is a digit. Synonym for 'Character.isDigit(this)'.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Character
Returns:
  true if the character is a digit
Since:
  1.5.7
See Also:
  `Character.isDigit(char)`

#### isLetterOrDigit

    public static boolean isLetterOrDigit(Character self)

Determines if a character is a letter or digit. Synonym for 'Character.isLetterOrDigit(this)'.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Character
Returns:
  true if the character is a letter or digit
Since:
  1.5.7
See Also:
  `Character.isLetterOrDigit(char)`

#### isWhitespace

    public static boolean isWhitespace(Character self)

Determines if a character is a whitespace character. Synonym for 'Character.isWhitespace(this)'.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Character
Returns:
  true if the character is a whitespace character
Since:
  1.5.7
See Also:
  `Character.isWhitespace(char)`

#### toUpperCase

    public static char toUpperCase(Character self)

Converts the character to uppercase. Synonym for 'Character.toUpperCase(this)'.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Character to convert
Returns:
  the uppercase equivalent of the character, if any; otherwise, the character itself.
Since:
  1.5.7
See Also:
  `Character.isUpperCase(char)`, `String.toUpperCase()`

#### toLowerCase

    public static char toLowerCase(Character self)

Converts the character to lowercase. Synonym for 'Character.toLowerCase(this)'.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Character to convert
Returns:
  the lowercase equivalent of the character, if any; otherwise, the character itself.
Since:
  1.5.7
See Also:
  `Character.isLowerCase(char)`, `String.toLowerCase()`

#### toInteger

    public static Integer toInteger(Number self)

Transform a Number into an Integer

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number
Returns:
  an Integer
Since:
  1.0

#### toLong

    public static Long toLong(Number self)

Transform a Number into a Long

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number
Returns:
  an Long
Since:
  1.0

#### toFloat

    public static Float toFloat(Number self)

Transform a Number into a Float

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number
Returns:
  an Float
Since:
  1.0

#### toDouble

    public static Double toDouble(Number self)

Transform a Number into a Double

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number
Returns:
  an Double
Since:
  1.0

#### toBigDecimal

    public static BigDecimal toBigDecimal(Number self)

Transform a Number into a BigDecimal

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number
Returns:
  an BigDecimal
Since:
  1.0

#### asType

    public static Object asType(Number self,
                Class c)

Transform this number to a the given type, using the 'as' operator. The following types are supported in addition to the default `asType(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Class)`:

- BigDecimal
- BigInteger
- Double
- Float

Parameters:
  `self` - this number
  `c` - the desired type of the transformed result
Returns:
  an instance of the given type
Since:
  1.0

#### toBigInteger

    public static BigInteger toBigInteger(Number self)

Transform this Number into a BigInteger.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Number
Returns:
  an BigInteger
Since:
  1.0

#### and

    public static Boolean and(Boolean left,
              Boolean right)

Logical conjunction of two boolean operators.

Parameters:
  `left` - left operator
  `right` - right operator
Returns:
  result of logical conjunction
Since:
  1.0

#### or

    public static Boolean or(Boolean left,
             Boolean right)

Logical disjunction of two boolean operators

Parameters:
  `left` - left operator
  `right` - right operator
Returns:
  result of logical disjunction
Since:
  1.0

#### xor

    public static Boolean xor(Boolean left,
              Boolean right)

Exclusive disjunction of two boolean operators

Parameters:
  `left` - left operator
  `right` - right operator
Returns:
  result of exclusive disjunction
Since:
  1.0

#### newObjectOutputStream

    public static ObjectOutputStream newObjectOutputStream(File file)
                                                    throws IOException

Create an object output stream for this file.

Parameters:
  `file` - a file
Returns:
  an object output stream
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### newObjectOutputStream

    public static ObjectOutputStream newObjectOutputStream(OutputStream outputStream)
                                                    throws IOException

Create an object output stream for this output stream.

Parameters:
  `outputStream` - an output stream
Returns:
  an object output stream
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### withObjectOutputStream

    public static Object withObjectOutputStream(File file,
                                Closure closure)
                                         throws IOException

Create a new ObjectOutputStream for this file and then pass it to the closure. This method ensures the stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `withStream(java.io.OutputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### withObjectOutputStream

    public static Object withObjectOutputStream(OutputStream outputStream,
                                Closure closure)
                                         throws IOException

Create a new ObjectOutputStream for this output stream and then pass it to the closure. This method ensures the stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `outputStream` - am output stream
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `withStream(java.io.OutputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### newObjectInputStream

    public static ObjectInputStream newObjectInputStream(File file)
                                                  throws IOException

Create an object input stream for this file.

Parameters:
  `file` - a file
Returns:
  an object input stream
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### newObjectInputStream

    public static ObjectInputStream newObjectInputStream(InputStream inputStream)
                                                  throws IOException

Create an object input stream for this input stream.

Parameters:
  `inputStream` - an input stream
Returns:
  an object input stream
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### newObjectInputStream

    public static ObjectInputStream newObjectInputStream(InputStream inputStream,
                                         ClassLoader classLoader)
                                                  throws IOException

Create an object input stream for this input stream using the given class loader.

Parameters:
  `inputStream` - an input stream
  `classLoader` - the class loader to use when loading the class
Returns:
  an object input stream
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### newObjectInputStream

    public static ObjectInputStream newObjectInputStream(File file,
                                         ClassLoader classLoader)
                                                  throws IOException

Create an object input stream for this file using the given class loader.

Parameters:
  `file` - a file
  `classLoader` - the class loader to use when loading the class
Returns:
  an object input stream
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### eachObject

    public static void eachObject(File self,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException,
                                  ClassNotFoundException

Iterates through the given file object by object.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `closure` - a closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
  `ClassNotFoundException` - if the class is not found.
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `eachObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachObject

    public static void eachObject(ObjectInputStream ois,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException,
                                  ClassNotFoundException

Iterates through the given object stream object by object. The ObjectInputStream is closed afterwards.

Parameters:
  `ois` - an ObjectInputStream, closed after the operation
  `closure` - a closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
  `ClassNotFoundException` - if the class is not found.
Since:
  1.0

#### withObjectInputStream

    public static Object withObjectInputStream(File file,
                               Closure closure)
                                        throws IOException

Create a new ObjectInputStream for this file and pass it to the closure. This method ensures the stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2
See Also:
  `withStream(java.io.InputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### withObjectInputStream

    public static Object withObjectInputStream(File file,
                               ClassLoader classLoader,
                               Closure closure)
                                        throws IOException

Create a new ObjectInputStream for this file associated with the given class loader and pass it to the closure. This method ensures the stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `classLoader` - the class loader to use when loading the class
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2
See Also:
  `withStream(java.io.InputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### withObjectInputStream

    public static Object withObjectInputStream(InputStream inputStream,
                               Closure closure)
                                        throws IOException

Create a new ObjectInputStream for this file and pass it to the closure. This method ensures the stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `inputStream` - an input stream
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `withStream(java.io.InputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### withObjectInputStream

    public static Object withObjectInputStream(InputStream inputStream,
                               ClassLoader classLoader,
                               Closure closure)
                                        throws IOException

Create a new ObjectInputStream for this file and pass it to the closure. This method ensures the stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `inputStream` - an input stream
  `classLoader` - the class loader to use when loading the class
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `withStream(java.io.InputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(String self,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through this String line by line. Each line is passed to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. If a 2 arg closure is found the line count is passed as the second argument.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an error occurs
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.lang.String, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(String self,
                  int firstLine,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through this String line by line. Each line is passed to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. If a 2 arg closure is found the line count is passed as the second argument.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `firstLine` - the line number value used for the first line (default is 1, set to 0 to start counting from 0)
  `closure` - a closure (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an error occurs
Since:
  1.5.7

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(File self,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through this file line by line. Each line is passed to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. The file is read using a reader which is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `closure` - a closure (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number starting at line 1)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.io.File, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(File self,
                  String charset,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through this file line by line. Each line is passed to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. The file is read using a reader which is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `charset` - opens the file with a specified charset
  `closure` - a closure (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number starting at line 1)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.io.File, java.lang.String, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(File self,
                  int firstLine,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through this file line by line. Each line is passed to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. The file is read using a reader which is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `firstLine` - the line number value used for the first line (default is 1, set to 0 to start counting from 0)
  `closure` - a closure (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.7
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.io.Reader, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(File self,
                  String charset,
                  int firstLine,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through this file line by line. Each line is passed to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. The file is read using a reader which is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `charset` - opens the file with a specified charset
  `firstLine` - the line number value used for the first line (default is 1, set to 0 to start counting from 0)
  `closure` - a closure (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.io.Reader, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(InputStream stream,
                  String charset,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through this stream reading with the provided charset, passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. The stream is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `stream` - a stream
  `charset` - opens the stream with a specified charset
  `closure` - a closure (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number starting at line 1)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.io.InputStream, java.lang.String, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(InputStream stream,
                  String charset,
                  int firstLine,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through this stream reading with the provided charset, passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. The stream is closed after this method returns.

Parameters:
  `stream` - a stream
  `charset` - opens the stream with a specified charset
  `firstLine` - the line number value used for the first line (default is 1, set to 0 to start counting from 0)
  `closure` - a closure (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.7
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.io.Reader, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(InputStream stream,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through this stream, passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. The stream is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `stream` - a stream
  `closure` - a closure (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number starting at line 1)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.6
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.io.InputStream, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(InputStream stream,
                  int firstLine,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through this stream, passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. The stream is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `stream` - a stream
  `firstLine` - the line number value used for the first line (default is 1, set to 0 to start counting from 0)
  `closure` - a closure (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.7
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.io.Reader, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(URL url,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through the lines read from the URL's associated input stream passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. The stream is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `url` - a URL to open and read
  `closure` - a closure to apply on each line (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number starting at line 1)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.6
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.net.URL, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(URL url,
                  int firstLine,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through the lines read from the URL's associated input stream passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. The stream is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `url` - a URL to open and read
  `firstLine` - the line number value used for the first line (default is 1, set to 0 to start counting from 0)
  `closure` - a closure to apply on each line (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.7
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.io.InputStream, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(URL url,
                  String charset,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through the lines read from the URL's associated input stream passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. The stream is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `url` - a URL to open and read
  `charset` - opens the stream with a specified charset
  `closure` - a closure to apply on each line (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number starting at line 1)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.6
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.net.URL, java.lang.String, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(URL url,
                  String charset,
                  int firstLine,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through the lines read from the URL's associated input stream passing each line to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. The stream is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `url` - a URL to open and read
  `charset` - opens the stream with a specified charset
  `firstLine` - the line number value used for the first line (default is 1, set to 0 to start counting from 0)
  `closure` - a closure to apply on each line (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.7
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.io.Reader, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(Reader self,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through the given reader line by line. Each line is passed to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. If the closure has two arguments, the line count is passed as the second argument. The Reader is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Reader, closed after the method returns
  `closure` - a closure (arg 1 is line, optional arg 2 is line number starting at line 1)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.6
See Also:
  `eachLine(java.io.Reader, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachLine

    public static Object eachLine(Reader self,
                  int firstLine,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Iterates through the given reader line by line. Each line is passed to the given 1 or 2 arg closure. If the closure has two arguments, the line count is passed as the second argument. The Reader is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Reader, closed after the method returns
  `firstLine` - the line number value used for the first line (default is 1, set to 0 to start counting from 0)
  `closure` - a closure which will be passed each line (or for 2 arg closures the line and line count)
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.7

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(File self,
                       String regex,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through this file line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator. For each line, the given closure is called with a single parameter being the list of strings computed by splitting the line around matches of the given regular expression. Finally the resources used for processing the file are closed.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `regex` - the delimiting regular expression
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
  `PatternSyntaxException` - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `splitEachLine(java.io.Reader, java.lang.String, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(File self,
                       Pattern pattern,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through this file line by line, splitting each line using the given separator Pattern. For each line, the given closure is called with a single parameter being the list of strings computed by splitting the line around matches of the given regular expression Pattern. Finally the resources used for processing the file are closed.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `pattern` - the regular expression Pattern for the delimiter
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `splitEachLine(java.io.Reader, java.util.regex.Pattern, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(File self,
                       String regex,
                       String charset,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through this file line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator. For each line, the given closure is called with a single parameter being the list of strings computed by splitting the line around matches of the given regular expression. Finally the resources used for processing the file are closed.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `regex` - the delimiting regular expression
  `charset` - opens the file with a specified charset
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
  `PatternSyntaxException` - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `splitEachLine(java.io.Reader, java.lang.String, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(File self,
                       Pattern pattern,
                       String charset,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through this file line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator Pattern. For each line, the given closure is called with a single parameter being the list of strings computed by splitting the line around matches of the given regular expression. Finally the resources used for processing the file are closed.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `pattern` - the regular expression Pattern for the delimiter
  `charset` - opens the file with a specified charset
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `splitEachLine(java.io.Reader, java.util.regex.Pattern, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(URL self,
                       String regex,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through the input stream associated with this URL line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator. For each line, the given closure is called with a single parameter being the list of strings computed by splitting the line around matches of the given regular expression. Finally the resources used for processing the URL are closed.

Parameters:
  `self` - a URL to open and read
  `regex` - the delimiting regular expression
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
  `PatternSyntaxException` - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `splitEachLine(java.io.Reader, java.lang.String, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(URL self,
                       Pattern pattern,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through the input stream associated with this URL line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator Pattern. For each line, the given closure is called with a single parameter being the list of strings computed by splitting the line around matches of the given regular expression. Finally the resources used for processing the URL are closed.

Parameters:
  `self` - a URL to open and read
  `pattern` - the regular expression Pattern for the delimiter
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `splitEachLine(java.io.Reader, java.util.regex.Pattern, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(URL self,
                       String regex,
                       String charset,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through the input stream associated with this URL line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator. For each line, the given closure is called with a single parameter being the list of strings computed by splitting the line around matches of the given regular expression. Finally the resources used for processing the URL are closed.

Parameters:
  `self` - a URL to open and read
  `regex` - the delimiting regular expression
  `charset` - opens the file with a specified charset
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
  `PatternSyntaxException` - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `splitEachLine(java.io.Reader, java.lang.String, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(URL self,
                       Pattern pattern,
                       String charset,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through the input stream associated with this URL line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator Pattern. For each line, the given closure is called with a single parameter being the list of strings computed by splitting the line around matches of the given regular expression. Finally the resources used for processing the URL are closed.

Parameters:
  `self` - a URL to open and read
  `pattern` - the regular expression Pattern for the delimiter
  `charset` - opens the file with a specified charset
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `splitEachLine(java.io.Reader, java.util.regex.Pattern, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(Reader self,
                       String regex,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through the given reader line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator. For each line, the given closure is called with a single parameter being the list of strings computed by splitting the line around matches of the given regular expression. The Reader is closed afterwards.

Here is an example:

     def s = 'The 3 quick\nbrown 4 fox'
     def result = ''
     new StringReader(s).splitEachLine(/\d/){ parts ->
         result += "${parts[0]}_${parts[1]}|"
     }
     assert result == 'The _ quick|brown _ fox|'

Parameters:
  `self` - a Reader, closed after the method returns
  `regex` - the delimiting regular expression
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
  `PatternSyntaxException` - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `String.split(java.lang.String)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(Reader self,
                       Pattern pattern,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through the given reader line by line, splitting each line using the given regex separator Pattern. For each line, the given closure is called with a single parameter being the list of strings computed by splitting the line around matches of the given regular expression. The Reader is closed afterwards.

Here is an example:

     def s = 'The 3 quick\nbrown 4 fox'
     def result = ''
     new StringReader(s).splitEachLine(~/\d/){ parts ->
         result += "${parts[0]}_${parts[1]}|"
     }
     assert result == 'The _ quick|brown _ fox|'

Parameters:
  `self` - a Reader, closed after the method returns
  `pattern` - the regular expression Pattern for the delimiter
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
  `PatternSyntaxException` - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `String.split(java.lang.String)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(InputStream stream,
                       String regex,
                       String charset,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through the given InputStream line by line using the specified encoding, splitting each line using the given separator. The list of tokens for each line is then passed to the given closure. Finally, the stream is closed.

Parameters:
  `stream` - an InputStream
  `regex` - the delimiting regular expression
  `charset` - opens the stream with a specified charset
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
  `PatternSyntaxException` - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `splitEachLine(java.io.Reader, java.lang.String, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(InputStream stream,
                       Pattern pattern,
                       String charset,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through the given InputStream line by line using the specified encoding, splitting each line using the given separator Pattern. The list of tokens for each line is then passed to the given closure. Finally, the stream is closed.

Parameters:
  `stream` - an InputStream
  `pattern` - the regular expression Pattern for the delimiter
  `charset` - opens the stream with a specified charset
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `splitEachLine(java.io.Reader, java.util.regex.Pattern, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(InputStream stream,
                       String regex,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through the given InputStream line by line, splitting each line using the given separator. The list of tokens for each line is then passed to the given closure. The stream is closed before the method returns.

Parameters:
  `stream` - an InputStream
  `regex` - the delimiting regular expression
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
  `PatternSyntaxException` - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid
Since:
  1.5.6
See Also:
  `splitEachLine(java.io.Reader, java.lang.String, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(InputStream stream,
                       Pattern pattern,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through the given InputStream line by line, splitting each line using the given separator Pattern. The list of tokens for each line is then passed to the given closure. The stream is closed before the method returns.

Parameters:
  `stream` - an InputStream
  `pattern` - the regular expression Pattern for the delimiter
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `splitEachLine(java.io.Reader, java.util.regex.Pattern, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(String self,
                       String regex,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through the given String line by line, splitting each line using the given separator. The list of tokens for each line is then passed to the given closure.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `regex` - the delimiting regular expression
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an error occurs
  `PatternSyntaxException` - if the regular expression's syntax is invalid
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `String.split(java.lang.String)`

#### splitEachLine

    public static Object splitEachLine(String self,
                       Pattern pattern,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws IOException

Iterates through the given String line by line, splitting each line using the given separator Pattern. The list of tokens for each line is then passed to the given closure.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `pattern` - the regular expression Pattern for the delimiter
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the last value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an error occurs
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `Pattern.split(java.lang.CharSequence)`

#### readLine

    public static String readLine(Reader self)
                           throws IOException

Read a single, whole line from the given Reader.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Reader
Returns:
  a line
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### denormalize

    public static String denormalize(String self)

Return a String with lines (separated by LF, CR/LF, or CR) terminated by the platform specific line separator.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String object
Returns:
  the denormalized string
Since:
  1.6.0

#### normalize

    public static String normalize(String self)

Return a String with linefeeds and carriage returns normalized to linefeeds.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String object
Returns:
  the normalized string
Since:
  1.6.0

#### readLines

    public static List<String> readLines(String self)
                                  throws IOException

Return the lines of a String as a List of Strings.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String object
Returns:
  a list of lines
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an error occurs
Since:
  1.5.5

#### readLines

    public static List<String> readLines(File file)
                                  throws IOException

Reads the file into a list of Strings, with one item for each line.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
Returns:
  a List of lines
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `readLines(java.io.Reader)`

#### readLines

    public static List<String> readLines(File file,
                         String charset)
                                  throws IOException

Reads the file into a list of Strings, with one item for each line.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `charset` - opens the file with a specified charset
Returns:
  a List of lines
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `readLines(java.io.Reader)`

#### readLines

    public static List<String> readLines(InputStream stream)
                                  throws IOException

Reads the stream into a list, with one element for each line.

Parameters:
  `stream` - a stream
Returns:
  a List of lines
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `readLines(java.io.Reader)`

#### readLines

    public static List<String> readLines(InputStream stream,
                         String charset)
                                  throws IOException

Reads the stream into a list, with one element for each line.

Parameters:
  `stream` - a stream
  `charset` - opens the stream with a specified charset
Returns:
  a List of lines
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `readLines(java.io.Reader)`

#### readLines

    public static List<String> readLines(URL self)
                                  throws IOException

Reads the URL contents into a list, with one element for each line.

Parameters:
  `self` - a URL
Returns:
  a List of lines
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `readLines(java.io.Reader)`

#### readLines

    public static List<String> readLines(URL self,
                         String charset)
                                  throws IOException

Reads the URL contents into a list, with one element for each line.

Parameters:
  `self` - a URL
  `charset` - opens the URL with a specified charset
Returns:
  a List of lines
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `readLines(java.io.Reader)`

#### readLines

    public static List<String> readLines(Reader reader)
                                  throws IOException

Reads the reader into a list of Strings, with one entry for each line. The reader is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `reader` - a Reader
Returns:
  a List of lines
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### getText

    public static String getText(File file,
                 String charset)
                          throws IOException

Read the content of the File using the specified encoding and return it as a String.

Parameters:
  `file` - the file whose content we want to read
  `charset` - the charset used to read the content of the file
Returns:
  a String containing the content of the file
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### getText

    public static String getText(File file)
                          throws IOException

Read the content of the File and returns it as a String.

Parameters:
  `file` - the file whose content we want to read
Returns:
  a String containing the content of the file
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### getText

    public static String getText(URL url)
                          throws IOException

Read the content of this URL and returns it as a String.

Parameters:
  `url` - URL to read content from
Returns:
  the text from that URL
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### getText

    public static String getText(URL url,
                 String charset)
                          throws IOException

Read the data from this URL and return it as a String. The connection stream is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `url` - URL to read content from
  `charset` - opens the stream with a specified charset
Returns:
  the text from that URL
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `URLConnection.getInputStream()`

#### getText

    public static String getText(InputStream is)
                          throws IOException

Read the content of this InputStream and return it as a String. The stream is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `is` - an input stream
Returns:
  the text from that URL
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### getText

    public static String getText(InputStream is,
                 String charset)
                          throws IOException

Read the content of this InputStream using specified charset and return it as a String. The stream is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `is` - an input stream
  `charset` - opens the stream with a specified charset
Returns:
  the text from that URL
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### getText

    public static String getText(Reader reader)
                          throws IOException

Read the content of the Reader and return it as a String. The reader is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `reader` - a Reader whose content we want to read
Returns:
  a String containing the content of the buffered reader
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `getText(java.io.BufferedReader)`

#### getText

    public static String getText(BufferedReader reader)
                          throws IOException

Read the content of the BufferedReader and return it as a String. The BufferedReader is closed afterwards.

Parameters:
  `reader` - a BufferedReader whose content we want to read
Returns:
  a String containing the content of the buffered reader
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### getBytes

    public static byte[] getBytes(File file)
                           throws IOException

Read the content of the File and returns it as a byte[].

Parameters:
  `file` - the file whose content we want to read
Returns:
  a String containing the content of the file
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### getBytes

    public static byte[] getBytes(URL url)
                           throws IOException

Read the content of this URL and returns it as a byte[].

Parameters:
  `url` - URL to read content from
Returns:
  the byte[] from that URL
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### getBytes

    public static byte[] getBytes(InputStream is)
                           throws IOException

Read the content of this InputStream and return it as a byte[]. The stream is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `is` - an input stream
Returns:
  the byte[] from that InputStream
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### setBytes

    public static void setBytes(File file,
                byte[] bytes)
                         throws IOException

Write the bytes from the byte array to the File.

Parameters:
  `file` - the file to write to
  `bytes` - the byte[] to write to the file
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### setBytes

    public static void setBytes(OutputStream os,
                byte[] bytes)
                         throws IOException

Write the byte[] to the output stream. The stream is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `os` - an output stream
  `bytes` - the byte[] to write to the output stream
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.1

#### writeLine

    public static void writeLine(BufferedWriter writer,
                 String line)
                          throws IOException

Write the text and append a newline (using the platform's line-ending).

Parameters:
  `writer` - a BufferedWriter
  `line` - the line to write
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### write

    public static void write(File file,
             String text)
                      throws IOException

Write the text to the File.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `text` - the text to write to the File
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### setText

    public static void setText(File file,
               String text)
                        throws IOException

Synonym for write(text) allowing file.text = 'foo'.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `text` - the text to write to the File
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.1
See Also:
  `write(java.io.File, java.lang.String)`

#### setText

    public static void setText(File file,
               String text,
               String charset)
                        throws IOException

Synonym for write(text, charset) allowing:

     myFile.setText('some text', charset)

or with some help from `ExpandoMetaClass`, you could do something like:

     myFile.metaClass.setText = { String s -> delegate.setText(s, 'UTF-8') }
     myfile.text = 'some text'

Parameters:
  `file` - A File
  `charset` - The charset used when writing to the file
  `text` - The text to write to the File
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.3
See Also:
  `write(java.io.File, java.lang.String, java.lang.String)`

#### leftShift

    public static File leftShift(File file,
                 Object text)
                          throws IOException

Write the text to the File.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `text` - the text to write to the File
Returns:
  the original file
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### leftShift

    public static File leftShift(File file,
                 byte[] bytes)
                          throws IOException

Write bytes to a File.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `bytes` - the byte array to append to the end of the File
Returns:
  the original file
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### leftShift

    public static File leftShift(File file,
                 InputStream data)
                          throws IOException

Append binary data to the file. See `append(java.io.File, java.io.InputStream)`

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `data` - an InputStream of data to write to the file
Returns:
  the file
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### write

    public static void write(File file,
             String text,
             String charset)
                      throws IOException

Write the text to the File, using the specified encoding.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `text` - the text to write to the File
  `charset` - the charset used
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### append

    public static void append(File file,
              Object text)
                       throws IOException

Append the text at the end of the File.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `text` - the text to append at the end of the File
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### append

    public static void append(File file,
              byte[] bytes)
                       throws IOException

Append bytes to the end of a File.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `bytes` - the byte array to append to the end of the File
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.1

#### append

    public static void append(File self,
              InputStream stream)
                       throws IOException

Append binary data to the file. It will not be interpreted as text.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `stream` - stream to read data from.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### append

    public static void append(File file,
              Object text,
              String charset)
                       throws IOException

Append the text at the end of the File, using a specified encoding.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `text` - the text to append at the end of the File
  `charset` - the charset used
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### eachFile

    public static void eachFile(File self,
                FileType fileType,
                Closure closure)
                         throws FileNotFoundException,
                                IllegalArgumentException

Invokes the closure for each 'child' file in this 'parent' folder/directory. Both regular files and subfolders/subdirectories can be processed depending on the fileType enum value.

Parameters:
  `self` - a file object
  `fileType` - if normal files or directories or both should be processed
  `closure` - the closure to invoke
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the given directory does not exist
  `IllegalArgumentException` - if the provided File object does not represent a directory
Since:
  1.7.1

#### eachFile

    public static void eachFile(File self,
                Closure closure)
                         throws FileNotFoundException,
                                IllegalArgumentException

Invokes the closure for each 'child' file in this 'parent' folder/directory. Both regular files and subfolders/subdirectories are processed.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File (that happens to be a folder/directory)
  `closure` - a closure (first parameter is the 'child' file)
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the given directory does not exist
  `IllegalArgumentException` - if the provided File object does not represent a directory
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `File.listFiles()`, `eachFile(java.io.File, groovy.io.FileType, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachDir

    public static void eachDir(File self,
               Closure closure)
                        throws FileNotFoundException,
                               IllegalArgumentException

Invokes the closure for each subdirectory in this directory, ignoring regular files.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File (that happens to be a folder/directory)
  `closure` - a closure (first parameter is the subdirectory file)
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the given directory does not exist
  `IllegalArgumentException` - if the provided File object does not represent a directory
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `File.listFiles()`, `eachFile(java.io.File, groovy.io.FileType, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachFileRecurse

    public static void eachFileRecurse(File self,
                       FileType fileType,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws FileNotFoundException,
                                       IllegalArgumentException

Invokes the closure for each descendant file in this directory. Sub-directories are recursively searched in a depth-first fashion. Both regular files and subdirectories may be passed to the closure depending on the value of fileType.

Parameters:
  `self` - a file object
  `fileType` - if normal files or directories or both should be processed
  `closure` - the closure to invoke on each file
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the given directory does not exist
  `IllegalArgumentException` - if the provided File object does not represent a directory
Since:
  1.7.1

#### traverse

    public static void traverse(File self,
                Map<String,Object> options,
                Closure closure)
                         throws FileNotFoundException,
                                IllegalArgumentException

Invokes `closure` for each descendant file in this directory tree. Sub-directories are recursively traversed as found. The traversal can be adapted by providing various options in the `options` Map according to the following keys:

type
  A `FileType` enum to determine if normal files or directories or both are processed
preDir
  A `Closure` run before each directory is processed and optionally returning a `FileVisitResult` value which can be used to control subsequent processing.
preRoot
  A boolean indicating that the 'preDir' closure should be applied at the root level
postDir
  A `Closure` run after each directory is processed and optionally returning a `FileVisitResult` value which can be used to control subsequent processing.
postRoot
  A boolean indicating that the 'postDir' closure should be applied at the root level
visitRoot
  A boolean indicating that the given closure should be applied for the root dir (not applicable if the 'type' is set to `FileType.FILES`)
maxDepth
  The maximum number of directory levels when recursing (default is -1 which means infinite, set to 0 for no recursion)
filter
  A filter to perform on traversed files/directories (using the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method). If set, only files/dirs which match are candidates for visiting.
nameFilter
  A filter to perform on the name of traversed files/directories (using the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method). If set, only files/dirs which match are candidates for visiting. (Must not be set if 'filter' is set)
excludeFilter
  A filter to perform on traversed files/directories (using the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method). If set, any candidates which match won't be visited.
excludeNameFilter
  A filter to perform on the names of traversed files/directories (using the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method). If set, any candidates which match won't be visited. (Must not be set if 'excludeFilter' is set)
sort
  A `Closure` which if set causes the files and subdirectories for each directory to be processed in sorted order. Note that even when processing only files, the order of visited subdirectories will be affected by this parameter.

This example prints out file counts and size aggregates for groovy source files within a directory tree:

     def totalSize = 0
     def count = 0
     def sortByTypeThenName = { a, b ->
         a.isFile() != b.isFile() ? a.isFile() <=> b.isFile() : a.name <=> b.name
     }
     rootDir.traverse(
             type         : FILES,
             nameFilter   : ~/.*\.groovy/,
             preDir       : { if (it.name == '.svn') return SKIP_SUBTREE },
             postDir      : { println "Found $count files in $it.name totalling $totalSize bytes"
                             totalSize = 0; count = 0 },
             postRoot     : true
             sort         : sortByTypeThenName
     ) {it -> totalSize += it.size(); count++ }

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `options` - a Map of options to alter the traversal behavior
  `closure` - the Closure to invoke on each file/directory and optionally returning a `FileVisitResult` value which can be used to control subsequent processing
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the given directory does not exist
  `IllegalArgumentException` - if the provided File object does not represent a directory or illegal filter combinations are supplied
Since:
  1.7.1
See Also:
  `sort(java.util.Collection, groovy.lang.Closure)`, `FileVisitResult`, `FileType`

#### traverse

    public static void traverse(File self,
                Closure closure)
                         throws FileNotFoundException,
                                IllegalArgumentException

Invokes the closure for each descendant file in this directory tree. Sub-directories are recursively traversed in a depth-first fashion. Convenience method for `traverse(java.io.File, java.util.Map, groovy.lang.Closure)` when no options to alter the traversal behavior are required.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `closure` - the Closure to invoke on each file/directory and optionally returning a `FileVisitResult` value which can be used to control subsequent processing
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the given directory does not exist
  `IllegalArgumentException` - if the provided File object does not represent a directory
Since:
  1.7.1
See Also:
  `traverse(java.io.File, java.util.Map, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### traverse

    public static void traverse(File self,
                Map<String,Object> options)
                         throws FileNotFoundException,
                                IllegalArgumentException

Invokes the closure specified with key 'visit' in the options Map for each descendant file in this directory tree. Convenience method for `traverse(java.io.File, java.util.Map, groovy.lang.Closure)` allowing the 'visit' closure to be included in the options Map rather than as a parameter.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `options` - a Map of options to alter the traversal behavior
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the given directory does not exist
  `IllegalArgumentException` - if the provided File object does not represent a directory or illegal filter combinations are supplied
Since:
  1.7.1
See Also:
  `traverse(java.io.File, java.util.Map, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachFileRecurse

    public static void eachFileRecurse(File self,
                       Closure closure)
                                throws FileNotFoundException,
                                       IllegalArgumentException

Invokes the closure for each descendant file in this directory. Sub-directories are recursively searched in a depth-first fashion. Both regular files and subdirectories are passed to the closure.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `closure` - a closure
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the given directory does not exist
  `IllegalArgumentException` - if the provided File object does not represent a directory
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `eachFileRecurse(java.io.File, groovy.io.FileType, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachDirRecurse

    public static void eachDirRecurse(File self,
                      Closure closure)
                               throws FileNotFoundException,
                                      IllegalArgumentException

Invokes the closure for each descendant directory of this directory. Sub-directories are recursively searched in a depth-first fashion. Only subdirectories are passed to the closure; regular files are ignored.

Parameters:
  `self` - a directory
  `closure` - a closure
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the given directory does not exist
  `IllegalArgumentException` - if the provided File object does not represent a directory
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `eachFileRecurse(java.io.File, groovy.io.FileType, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachFileMatch

    public static void eachFileMatch(File self,
                     FileType fileType,
                     Object nameFilter,
                     Closure closure)
                              throws FileNotFoundException,
                                     IllegalArgumentException

Invokes the closure for each file whose name (file.name) matches the given nameFilter in the given directory - calling the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method to determine if a match occurs. This method can be used with different kinds of filters like regular expressions, classes, ranges etc. Both regular files and subdirectories may be candidates for matching depending on the value of fileType.

     // collect names of files in baseDir matching supplied regex pattern
     import static groovy.io.FileType.*
     def names = []
     baseDir.eachFileMatch FILES, ~/foo\d\.txt/, { names << it.name }
     assert names == ['foo1.txt', 'foo2.txt']

     // remove all *.bak files in baseDir
     baseDir.eachFileMatch FILES, ~/.*\.bak/, { File bak -> bak.delete() }

     // print out files > 4K in size from baseDir
     baseDir.eachFileMatch FILES, { new File(baseDir, it).size() > 4096 }, { println "$it.name ${it.size()}" }

Parameters:
  `self` - a file
  `fileType` - whether normal files or directories or both should be processed
  `nameFilter` - the filter to perform on the name of the file/directory (using the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method)
  `closure` - the closure to invoke
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the given directory does not exist
  `IllegalArgumentException` - if the provided File object does not represent a directory
Since:
  1.7.1

#### eachFileMatch

    public static void eachFileMatch(File self,
                     Object nameFilter,
                     Closure closure)
                              throws FileNotFoundException,
                                     IllegalArgumentException

Invokes the closure for each file whose name (file.name) matches the given nameFilter in the given directory - calling the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method to determine if a match occurs. This method can be used with different kinds of filters like regular expressions, classes, ranges etc. Both regular files and subdirectories are matched.

Parameters:
  `self` - a file
  `nameFilter` - the nameFilter to perform on the name of the file (using the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method)
  `closure` - the closure to invoke
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the given directory does not exist
  `IllegalArgumentException` - if the provided File object does not represent a directory
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `eachFileMatch(java.io.File, groovy.io.FileType, java.lang.Object, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachDirMatch

    public static void eachDirMatch(File self,
                    Object nameFilter,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws FileNotFoundException,
                                    IllegalArgumentException

Invokes the closure for each subdirectory whose name (dir.name) matches the given nameFilter in the given directory - calling the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method to determine if a match occurs. This method can be used with different kinds of filters like regular expressions, classes, ranges etc. Only subdirectories are matched; regular files are ignored.

Parameters:
  `self` - a file
  `nameFilter` - the nameFilter to perform on the name of the directory (using the `isCase(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)` method)
  `closure` - the closure to invoke
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the given directory does not exist
  `IllegalArgumentException` - if the provided File object does not represent a directory
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `eachFileMatch(java.io.File, groovy.io.FileType, java.lang.Object, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### deleteDir

    public static boolean deleteDir(File self)

Deletes a directory with all contained files and subdirectories.

The method returns

- true, when deletion was successful
- true, when it is called for a non existing directory
- false, when it is called for a file which isn't a directory
- false, when directory couldn't be deleted

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
Returns:
  true if the file doesn't exist or deletion was successful
Since:
  1.6.0

#### renameTo

    public static boolean renameTo(File self,
                   String newPathName)

Renames the file. It's a shortcut for `File.renameTo(File)`

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `newPathName` - The new pathname for the named file
Returns:
  `true` if and only if the renaming succeeded; `false` otherwise
Since:
  1.7.4

#### runAfter

    public static TimerTask runAfter(Timer timer,
                     int delay,
                     Closure closure)

Allows a simple syntax for using timers. This timer will execute the given closure after the given delay.

Parameters:
  `timer` - a timer object
  `delay` - the delay in milliseconds before running the closure code
  `closure` - the closure to invoke
Returns:
  The timer task which has been scheduled.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### newReader

    public static BufferedReader newReader(File file)
                                    throws IOException

Create a buffered reader for this file.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
Returns:
  a BufferedReader
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### newReader

    public static BufferedReader newReader(File file,
                           String charset)
                                    throws FileNotFoundException,
                                           UnsupportedEncodingException

Create a buffered reader for this file, using the specified charset as the encoding.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `charset` - the charset for this File
Returns:
  a BufferedReader
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the File was not found
  `UnsupportedEncodingException` - if the encoding specified is not supported
Since:
  1.0

#### newReader

    public static BufferedReader newReader(InputStream self)

Creates a reader for this input stream.

Parameters:
  `self` - an input stream
Returns:
  a reader
Since:
  1.0

#### newReader

    public static BufferedReader newReader(InputStream self,
                           String charset)
                                    throws UnsupportedEncodingException

Creates a reader for this input stream, using the specified charset as the encoding.

Parameters:
  `self` - an input stream
  `charset` - the charset for this input stream
Returns:
  a reader
Throws:
  `UnsupportedEncodingException` - if the encoding specified is not supported
Since:
  1.6.0

#### withReader

    public static Object withReader(File file,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Create a new BufferedReader for this file and then passes it into the closure, ensuring the reader is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a file object
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2

#### withReader

    public static Object withReader(File file,
                    String charset,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Create a new BufferedReader for this file using the specified charset and then passes it into the closure, ensuring the reader is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a file object
  `charset` - the charset for this input stream
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.0

#### newOutputStream

    public static BufferedOutputStream newOutputStream(File file)
                                                throws IOException

Create a buffered output stream for this file.

Parameters:
  `file` - a file object
Returns:
  the created OutputStream
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### newDataOutputStream

    public static DataOutputStream newDataOutputStream(File file)
                                                throws IOException

Creates a new data output stream for this file.

Parameters:
  `file` - a file object
Returns:
  the created DataOutputStream
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### withOutputStream

    public static Object withOutputStream(File file,
                          Closure closure)
                                   throws IOException

Creates a new OutputStream for this file and passes it into the closure. This method ensures the stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2
See Also:
  `withStream(java.io.OutputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### withInputStream

    public static Object withInputStream(File file,
                         Closure closure)
                                  throws IOException

Create a new InputStream for this file and passes it into the closure. This method ensures the stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2
See Also:
  `withStream(java.io.InputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### withInputStream

    public static Object withInputStream(URL url,
                         Closure closure)
                                  throws IOException

Creates a new InputStream for this URL and passes it into the closure. This method ensures the stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `url` - a URL
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2
See Also:
  `withStream(java.io.InputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### withDataOutputStream

    public static Object withDataOutputStream(File file,
                              Closure closure)
                                       throws IOException

Create a new DataOutputStream for this file and passes it into the closure. This method ensures the stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2
See Also:
  `withStream(java.io.OutputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### withDataInputStream

    public static Object withDataInputStream(File file,
                             Closure closure)
                                      throws IOException

Create a new DataInputStream for this file and passes it into the closure. This method ensures the stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2
See Also:
  `withStream(java.io.InputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### newWriter

    public static BufferedWriter newWriter(File file)
                                    throws IOException

Create a buffered writer for this file.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
Returns:
  a BufferedWriter
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### newWriter

    public static BufferedWriter newWriter(File file,
                           boolean append)
                                    throws IOException

Creates a buffered writer for this file, optionally appending to the existing file content.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `append` - true if data should be appended to the file
Returns:
  a BufferedWriter
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### newWriter

    public static BufferedWriter newWriter(File file,
                           String charset,
                           boolean append)
                                    throws IOException

Helper method to create a buffered writer for a file. If the given charset is "UTF-16BE" or "UTF-16LE", the requisite byte order mark is written to the stream before the writer is returned.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `charset` - the name of the encoding used to write in this file
  `append` - true if in append mode
Returns:
  a BufferedWriter
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### newWriter

    public static BufferedWriter newWriter(File file,
                           String charset)
                                    throws IOException

Creates a buffered writer for this file, writing data using the given encoding.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `charset` - the name of the encoding used to write in this file
Returns:
  a BufferedWriter
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### withWriter

    public static Object withWriter(File file,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Creates a new BufferedWriter for this file, passes it to the closure, and ensures the stream is flushed and closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2

#### withWriter

    public static Object withWriter(File file,
                    String charset,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Creates a new BufferedWriter for this file, passes it to the closure, and ensures the stream is flushed and closed after the closure returns. The writer will use the given charset encoding.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `charset` - the charset used
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2

#### withWriterAppend

    public static Object withWriterAppend(File file,
                          String charset,
                          Closure closure)
                                   throws IOException

Create a new BufferedWriter which will append to this file. The writer is passed to the closure and will be closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `charset` - the charset used
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2

#### withWriterAppend

    public static Object withWriterAppend(File file,
                          Closure closure)
                                   throws IOException

Create a new BufferedWriter for this file in append mode. The writer is passed to the closure and is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `closure` - a closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2

#### newPrintWriter

    public static PrintWriter newPrintWriter(File file)
                                      throws IOException

Create a new PrintWriter for this file.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
Returns:
  the created PrintWriter
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### newPrintWriter

    public static PrintWriter newPrintWriter(File file,
                             String charset)
                                      throws IOException

Create a new PrintWriter for this file, using specified charset.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `charset` - the charset
Returns:
  a PrintWriter
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### newPrintWriter

    public static PrintWriter newPrintWriter(Writer writer)

Create a new PrintWriter for this file, using specified charset.

Parameters:
  `writer` - a writer
Returns:
  a PrintWriter
Since:
  1.6.0

#### withPrintWriter

    public static Object withPrintWriter(File file,
                         Closure closure)
                                  throws IOException

Create a new PrintWriter for this file which is then passed it into the given closure. This method ensures its the writer is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `closure` - the closure to invoke with the PrintWriter
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2

#### withPrintWriter

    public static Object withPrintWriter(File file,
                         String charset,
                         Closure closure)
                                  throws IOException

Create a new PrintWriter with a specified charset for this file. The writer is passed to the closure, and will be closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `charset` - the charset
  `closure` - the closure to invoke with the PrintWriter
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2

#### withPrintWriter

    public static Object withPrintWriter(Writer writer,
                         Closure closure)
                                  throws IOException

Create a new PrintWriter with a specified charset for this file. The writer is passed to the closure, and will be closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `writer` - a writer
  `closure` - the closure to invoke with the PrintWriter
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.0

#### withWriter

    public static Object withWriter(Writer writer,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Allows this writer to be used within the closure, ensuring that it is flushed and closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `writer` - the writer which is used and then closed
  `closure` - the closure that the writer is passed into
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2

#### withReader

    public static Object withReader(Reader reader,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Allows this reader to be used within the closure, ensuring that it is closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `reader` - the reader which is used and then closed
  `closure` - the closure that the writer is passed into
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2

#### withStream

    public static Object withStream(InputStream stream,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Allows this input stream to be used within the closure, ensuring that it is flushed and closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `stream` - the stream which is used and then closed
  `closure` - the closure that the stream is passed into
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2

#### withReader

    public static Object withReader(URL url,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Helper method to create a new BufferedReader for a URL and then passes it to the closure. The reader is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `url` - a URL
  `closure` - the closure to invoke with the reader
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2

#### withReader

    public static Object withReader(URL url,
                    String charset,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Helper method to create a new Reader for a URL and then passes it to the closure. The reader is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `url` - a URL
  `charset` - the charset used
  `closure` - the closure to invoke with the reader
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.6

#### withReader

    public static Object withReader(InputStream in,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Helper method to create a new Reader for a stream and then passes it into the closure. The reader (and this stream) is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `in` - a stream
  `closure` - the closure to invoke with the InputStream
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2
See Also:
  `InputStreamReader`

#### withReader

    public static Object withReader(InputStream in,
                    String charset,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Helper method to create a new Reader for a stream and then passes it into the closure. The reader (and this stream) is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `in` - a stream
  `charset` - the charset used to decode the stream
  `closure` - the closure to invoke with the reader
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.6
See Also:
  `InputStreamReader`

#### withWriter

    public static Object withWriter(OutputStream stream,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Creates a writer from this stream, passing it to the given closure. This method ensures the stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `stream` - the stream which is used and then closed
  `closure` - the closure that the writer is passed into
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2
See Also:
  `withWriter(java.io.Writer, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### withWriter

    public static Object withWriter(OutputStream stream,
                    String charset,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Creates a writer from this stream, passing it to the given closure. This method ensures the stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `stream` - the stream which is used and then closed
  `charset` - the charset used
  `closure` - the closure that the writer is passed into
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2
See Also:
  `withWriter(java.io.Writer, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### withStream

    public static Object withStream(OutputStream os,
                    Closure closure)
                             throws IOException

Passes this OutputStream to the closure, ensuring that the stream is closed after the closure returns, regardless of errors.

Parameters:
  `os` - the stream which is used and then closed
  `closure` - the closure that the stream is passed into
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2

#### newInputStream

    public static BufferedInputStream newInputStream(File file)
                                              throws FileNotFoundException

Creates a buffered input stream for this file.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
Returns:
  a BufferedInputStream of the file
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the file is not found.
Since:
  1.0

#### newInputStream

    public static BufferedInputStream newInputStream(URL url)
                                              throws MalformedURLException,
                                                     IOException

Creates a buffered input stream for this URL.

Parameters:
  `url` - a URL
Returns:
  a BufferedInputStream for the URL
Throws:
  `MalformedURLException` - is thrown if the URL is not well formed
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurs while creating the input stream
Since:
  1.5.2

#### newReader

    public static BufferedReader newReader(URL url)
                                    throws MalformedURLException,
                                           IOException

Creates a buffered reader for this URL.

Parameters:
  `url` - a URL
Returns:
  a BufferedReader for the URL
Throws:
  `MalformedURLException` - is thrown if the URL is not well formed
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurs while creating the input stream
Since:
  1.5.5

#### newReader

    public static BufferedReader newReader(URL url,
                           String charset)
                                    throws MalformedURLException,
                                           IOException

Creates a buffered reader for this URL using the given encoding.

Parameters:
  `url` - a URL
  `charset` - opens the stream with a specified charset
Returns:
  a BufferedReader for the URL
Throws:
  `MalformedURLException` - is thrown if the URL is not well formed
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurs while creating the input stream
Since:
  1.5.5

#### newDataInputStream

    public static DataInputStream newDataInputStream(File file)
                                              throws FileNotFoundException

Create a data input stream for this file

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
Returns:
  a DataInputStream of the file
Throws:
  `FileNotFoundException` - if the file is not found.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### eachByte

    public static void eachByte(File self,
                Closure closure)
                         throws IOException

Traverse through each byte of this File

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `closure` - a closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `eachByte(java.io.InputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachByte

    public static void eachByte(File self,
                int bufferLen,
                Closure closure)
                         throws IOException

Traverse through the bytes of this File, bufferLen bytes at a time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `bufferLen` - the length of the buffer to use.
  `closure` - a 2 parameter closure which is passed the byte[] and a number of bytes successfully read.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.4
See Also:
  `eachByte(java.io.InputStream, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachByte

    public static void eachByte(Byte[] self,
                Closure closure)

Traverse through each byte of this Byte array. Alias for each.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Byte array
  `closure` - a closure
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `each(java.lang.Object, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachByte

    public static void eachByte(byte[] self,
                Closure closure)

Traverse through each byte of this byte array. Alias for each.

Parameters:
  `self` - a byte array
  `closure` - a closure
Since:
  1.5.5
See Also:
  `each(java.lang.Object, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachByte

    public static void eachByte(InputStream is,
                Closure closure)
                         throws IOException

Traverse through each byte of the specified stream. The stream is closed after the closure returns.

Parameters:
  `is` - stream to iterate over, closed after the method call
  `closure` - closure to apply to each byte
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### eachByte

    public static void eachByte(InputStream is,
                int bufferLen,
                Closure closure)
                         throws IOException

Traverse through each the specified stream reading bytes into a buffer and calling the 2 parameter closure with this buffer and the number of bytes.

Parameters:
  `is` - stream to iterate over, closed after the method call.
  `bufferLen` - the length of the buffer to use.
  `closure` - a 2 parameter closure which is passed the byte[] and a number of bytes successfully read.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.4

#### eachByte

    public static void eachByte(URL url,
                Closure closure)
                         throws IOException

Reads the InputStream from this URL, passing each byte to the given closure. The URL stream will be closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `url` - url to iterate over
  `closure` - closure to apply to each byte
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `eachByte(java.io.InputStream, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### eachByte

    public static void eachByte(URL url,
                int bufferLen,
                Closure closure)
                         throws IOException

Reads the InputStream from this URL, passing a byte[] and a number of bytes to the given closure. The URL stream will be closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `url` - url to iterate over
  `bufferLen` - the length of the buffer to use.
  `closure` - a 2 parameter closure which is passed the byte[] and a number of bytes successfully read.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.4
See Also:
  `eachByte(java.io.InputStream, int, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### transformChar

    public static void transformChar(Reader self,
                     Writer writer,
                     Closure closure)
                              throws IOException

Transforms each character from this reader by passing it to the given closure. The Closure should return each transformed character, which will be passed to the Writer. The reader and writer will be both be closed before this method returns.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Reader object
  `writer` - a Writer to receive the transformed characters
  `closure` - a closure that performs the required transformation
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### transformLine

    public static void transformLine(Reader reader,
                     Writer writer,
                     Closure closure)
                              throws IOException

Transforms the lines from a reader with a Closure and write them to a writer. Both Reader and Writer are closed after the operation.

Parameters:
  `reader` - Lines of text to be transformed. Reader is closed afterwards.
  `writer` - Where transformed lines are written. Writer is closed afterwards.
  `closure` - Single parameter closure that is called to transform each line of text from the reader, before writing it to the writer.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### filterLine

    public static void filterLine(Reader reader,
                  Writer writer,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Filter the lines from a reader and write them on the writer, according to a closure which returns true if the line should be included. Both Reader and Writer are closed after the operation.

Parameters:
  `reader` - a reader, closed after the call
  `writer` - a writer, closed after the call
  `closure` - the closure which returns booleans
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### filterLine

    public static Writable filterLine(File self,
                      Closure closure)
                               throws IOException

Filters the lines of a File and creates a Writeable in return to stream the filtered lines.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `closure` - a closure which returns a boolean indicating to filter the line or not
Returns:
  a Writable closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if `self` is not readable
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `filterLine(java.io.Reader, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### filterLine

    public static Writable filterLine(File self,
                      String charset,
                      Closure closure)
                               throws IOException

Filters the lines of a File and creates a Writeable in return to stream the filtered lines.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `charset` - opens the file with a specified charset
  `closure` - a closure which returns a boolean indicating to filter the line or not
Returns:
  a Writable closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `filterLine(java.io.Reader, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### filterLine

    public static void filterLine(File self,
                  Writer writer,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Filter the lines from this File, and write them to the given writer based on the given closure predicate.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `writer` - a writer destination to write filtered lines to
  `closure` - a closure which takes each line as a parameter and returns `true` if the line should be written to this writer.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if `self` is not readable
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `filterLine(java.io.Reader, java.io.Writer, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### filterLine

    public static void filterLine(File self,
                  Writer writer,
                  String charset,
                  Closure closure)
                           throws IOException

Filter the lines from this File, and write them to the given writer based on the given closure predicate.

Parameters:
  `self` - a File
  `writer` - a writer destination to write filtered lines to
  `charset` - opens the file with a specified charset
  `closure` - a closure which takes each line as a parameter and returns `true` if the line should be written to this writer.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IO error occurs
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `filterLine(java.io.Reader, java.io.Writer, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### filterLine

    public static Writable filterLine(Reader reader,
                      Closure closure)

Filter the lines from this Reader, and return a Writable which can be used to stream the filtered lines to a destination. The closure should return `true` if the line should be passed to the writer.

Parameters:
  `reader` - this reader
  `closure` - a closure used for filtering
Returns:
  a Writable which will use the closure to filter each line from the reader when the Writable#writeTo(Writer) is called.
Since:
  1.0

#### filterLine

    public static Writable filterLine(InputStream self,
                      Closure predicate)

Filter lines from an input stream using a closure predicate. The closure will be passed each line as a String, and it should return `true` if the line should be passed to the writer.

Parameters:
  `self` - an input stream
  `predicate` - a closure which returns boolean and takes a line
Returns:
  a writable which writes out the filtered lines
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `filterLine(java.io.Reader, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### filterLine

    public static Writable filterLine(InputStream self,
                      String charset,
                      Closure predicate)
                               throws UnsupportedEncodingException

Filter lines from an input stream using a closure predicate. The closure will be passed each line as a String, and it should return `true` if the line should be passed to the writer.

Parameters:
  `self` - an input stream
  `charset` - opens the stream with a specified charset
  `predicate` - a closure which returns boolean and takes a line
Returns:
  a writable which writes out the filtered lines
Throws:
  `UnsupportedEncodingException` - if the encoding specified is not supported
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `filterLine(java.io.Reader, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### filterLine

    public static void filterLine(InputStream self,
                  Writer writer,
                  Closure predicate)
                           throws IOException

Uses a closure to filter lines from this InputStream and pass them to the given writer. The closure will be passed each line as a String, and it should return `true` if the line should be passed to the writer.

Parameters:
  `self` - the InputStream
  `writer` - a writer to write output to
  `predicate` - a closure which returns true if a line should be accepted
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `filterLine(java.io.Reader, java.io.Writer, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### filterLine

    public static void filterLine(InputStream self,
                  Writer writer,
                  String charset,
                  Closure predicate)
                           throws IOException

Uses a closure to filter lines from this InputStream and pass them to the given writer. The closure will be passed each line as a String, and it should return `true` if the line should be passed to the writer.

Parameters:
  `self` - the InputStream
  `writer` - a writer to write output to
  `charset` - opens the stream with a specified charset
  `predicate` - a closure which returns true if a line should be accepted
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `filterLine(java.io.Reader, java.io.Writer, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### filterLine

    public static Writable filterLine(URL self,
                      Closure predicate)
                               throws IOException

Filter lines from a URL using a closure predicate. The closure will be passed each line as a String, and it should return `true` if the line should be passed to the writer.

Parameters:
  `self` - a URL
  `predicate` - a closure which returns boolean and takes a line
Returns:
  a writable which writes out the filtered lines
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IO exception occurs
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `filterLine(java.io.Reader, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### filterLine

    public static Writable filterLine(URL self,
                      String charset,
                      Closure predicate)
                               throws IOException

Filter lines from a URL using a closure predicate. The closure will be passed each line as a String, and it should return `true` if the line should be passed to the writer.

Parameters:
  `self` - the URL
  `charset` - opens the URL with a specified charset
  `predicate` - a closure which returns boolean and takes a line
Returns:
  a writable which writes out the filtered lines
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IO exception occurs
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `filterLine(java.io.Reader, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### filterLine

    public static void filterLine(URL self,
                  Writer writer,
                  Closure predicate)
                           throws IOException

Uses a closure to filter lines from this URL and pass them to the given writer. The closure will be passed each line as a String, and it should return `true` if the line should be passed to the writer.

Parameters:
  `self` - the URL
  `writer` - a writer to write output to
  `predicate` - a closure which returns true if a line should be accepted
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `filterLine(java.io.Reader, java.io.Writer, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### filterLine

    public static void filterLine(URL self,
                  Writer writer,
                  String charset,
                  Closure predicate)
                           throws IOException

Uses a closure to filter lines from this URL and pass them to the given writer. The closure will be passed each line as a String, and it should return `true` if the line should be passed to the writer.

Parameters:
  `self` - the URL
  `writer` - a writer to write output to
  `charset` - opens the URL with a specified charset
  `predicate` - a closure which returns true if a line should be accepted
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.6.8
See Also:
  `filterLine(java.io.Reader, java.io.Writer, groovy.lang.Closure)`

#### readBytes

    public static byte[] readBytes(File file)
                            throws IOException

Reads the content of the file into a byte array.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
Returns:
  a byte array with the contents of the file.
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### withStreams

    public static Object withStreams(Socket socket,
                     Closure closure)
                              throws IOException

Passes the Socket's InputStream and OutputStream to the closure. The streams will be closed after the closure returns, even if an exception is thrown.

Parameters:
  `socket` - a Socket
  `closure` - a Closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.2

#### withObjectStreams

    public static Object withObjectStreams(Socket socket,
                           Closure closure)
                                    throws IOException

Creates an InputObjectStream and an OutputObjectStream from a Socket, and passes them to the closure. The streams will be closed after the closure returns, even if an exception is thrown.

Parameters:
  `socket` - this Socket
  `closure` - a Closure
Returns:
  the value returned by the closure
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.5.0

#### leftShift

    public static Writer leftShift(Socket self,
                   Object value)
                            throws IOException

Overloads the left shift operator to provide an append mechanism to add things to the output stream of a socket

Parameters:
  `self` - a Socket
  `value` - a value to append
Returns:
  a Writer
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### leftShift

    public static OutputStream leftShift(Socket self,
                         byte[] value)
                                  throws IOException

Overloads the left shift operator to provide an append mechanism to add bytes to the output stream of a socket

Parameters:
  `self` - a Socket
  `value` - a value to append
Returns:
  an OutputStream
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0

#### accept

    public static Socket accept(ServerSocket serverSocket,
                Closure closure)
                         throws IOException

Accepts a connection and passes the resulting Socket to the closure which runs in a new Thread.

Parameters:
  `serverSocket` - a ServerSocket
  `closure` - a Closure
Returns:
  a Socket
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `ServerSocket.accept()`

#### accept

    public static Socket accept(ServerSocket serverSocket,
                boolean runInANewThread,
                Closure closure)
                         throws IOException

Accepts a connection and passes the resulting Socket to the closure which runs in a new Thread or the calling thread, as needed.

Parameters:
  `serverSocket` - a ServerSocket
  `runInANewThread` - This flag should be true, if the closure should be invoked in a new thread, else false.
  `closure` - a Closure
Returns:
  a Socket
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an IOException occurs.
Since:
  1.7.6
See Also:
  `ServerSocket.accept()`

#### asWritable

    public static File asWritable(File file)

Converts this File to a `Writable`.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
Returns:
  a File which wraps the input file and which implements Writable
Since:
  1.0

#### asType

    public static Object asType(File f,
                Class c)

Converts this File to a `Writable` or delegates to default `asType(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Class)`.

Parameters:
  `f` - a File
  `c` - the desired class
Returns:
  the converted object
Since:
  1.0

#### asWritable

    public static File asWritable(File file,
                  String encoding)

Allows a file to return a Writable implementation that can output itself to a Writer stream.

Parameters:
  `file` - a File
  `encoding` - the encoding to be used when reading the file's contents
Returns:
  File which wraps the input file and which implements Writable
Since:
  1.0

#### toList

    public static List<String> toList(String self)

Converts the given String into a List of strings of one character.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  a List of characters (a 1-character String)
Since:
  1.0

#### getChars

    public static char[] getChars(String self)

Converts the given String into an array of characters. Alias for toCharArray.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
Returns:
  an array of characters
Since:
  1.6.0
See Also:
  `String.toCharArray()`

#### asType

    public static Object asType(GString self,
                Class c)

Converts the GString to a File, or delegates to the default `asType(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Class)`

Parameters:
  `self` - a GString
  `c` - the desired class
Returns:
  the converted object
Since:
  1.5.0

#### asType

    public static Object asType(String self,
                Class c)

Provides a method to perform custom 'dynamic' type conversion to the given class using the `as` operator.

Example: `'123' as Double`

By default, the following types are supported:

- List
- BigDecimal
- BigInteger
- Long
- Integer
- Short
- Byte
- Character
- Double
- Float
- File
- Subclasses of Enum (Java 5 and above)

If any other type is given, the call is delegated to `asType(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Class)`.

Parameters:
  `self` - a String
  `c` - the desired class
Returns:
  the converted object
Since:
  1.0

#### getIn

    @Deprecated
    public static InputStream getIn(Process self)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#getIn(Process)

#### getText

    @Deprecated
    public static String getText(Process self)
                          throws IOException

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#getText(Process)

Throws:
  `IOException`

#### getErr

    @Deprecated
    public static InputStream getErr(Process self)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#getErr(Process)

#### getOut

    @Deprecated
    public static OutputStream getOut(Process self)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#getOut(Process)

#### leftShift

    @Deprecated
    public static Writer leftShift(Process self,
                              Object value)
                            throws IOException

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#leftShift(Process, Object)

Throws:
  `IOException`

#### leftShift

    @Deprecated
    public static OutputStream leftShift(Process self,
                                    byte[] value)
                                  throws IOException

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#leftShift(Process, byte[])

Throws:
  `IOException`

#### waitForOrKill

    @Deprecated
    public static void waitForOrKill(Process self,
                                long numberOfMillis)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#waitForOrKill(Process, long)

#### consumeProcessOutput

    @Deprecated
    public static void consumeProcessOutput(Process self)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessOutput(Process)

#### consumeProcessOutput

    @Deprecated
    public static void consumeProcessOutput(Process self,
                                       StringBuffer output,
                                       StringBuffer error)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessOutput(Process, Appendable, Appendable)

#### consumeProcessOutput

    @Deprecated
    public static void consumeProcessOutput(Process self,
                                       OutputStream output,
                                       OutputStream error)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessOutput(Process, OutputStream, OutputStream)

#### waitForProcessOutput

    @Deprecated
    public static void waitForProcessOutput(Process self)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#waitForProcessOutput(Process)

#### waitForProcessOutput

    @Deprecated
    public static void waitForProcessOutput(Process self,
                                       StringBuffer output,
                                       StringBuffer error)

Deprecated. use #waitForProcessOutput(Process, Appendable, Appendable)

#### waitForProcessOutput

    @Deprecated
    public static void waitForProcessOutput(Process self,
                                       OutputStream output,
                                       OutputStream error)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#waitForProcessOutput(Process, OutputStream, OutputStream)

#### consumeProcessErrorStream

    @Deprecated
    public static Thread consumeProcessErrorStream(Process self,
                                              OutputStream err)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessErrorStream(Process, OutputStream)

#### consumeProcessErrorStream

    @Deprecated
    public static Thread consumeProcessErrorStream(Process self,
                                              StringBuffer error)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessErrorStream(Process, Appendable)

#### consumeProcessErrorStream

    @Deprecated
    public static Thread consumeProcessErrorStream(Process self,
                                              Writer err)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessErrorStream(Process, Appendable)

#### consumeProcessOutputStream

    @Deprecated
    public static Thread consumeProcessOutputStream(Process self,
                                               StringBuffer output)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessOutputStream(Process, Appendable)

#### consumeProcessOutputStream

    @Deprecated
    public static Thread consumeProcessOutputStream(Process self,
                                               Writer output)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessOutputStream(Process, Appendable)

#### consumeProcessOutputStream

    @Deprecated
    public static Thread consumeProcessOutputStream(Process self,
                                               OutputStream output)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#consumeProcessOutputStream(Process, OutputStream)

#### withWriter

    @Deprecated
    public static void withWriter(Process self,
                             Closure closure)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#withWriter(Process, Closure)

#### withOutputStream

    @Deprecated
    public static void withOutputStream(Process self,
                                   Closure closure)

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#withOutputStream(Process, Closure)

#### pipeTo

    @Deprecated
    public static Process pipeTo(Process left,
                            Process right)
                          throws IOException

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#pipeTo(Process, Process)

Throws:
  `IOException`

#### or

    @Deprecated
    public static Process or(Process left,
                        Process right)
                      throws IOException

Deprecated. use ProcessGroovyMethods#or(Process, Process)

Throws:
  `IOException`

#### eachMatch

    public static String eachMatch(String self,
                   String regex,
                   Closure closure)

Process each regex group matched substring of the given string. If the closure parameter takes one argument, an array with all match groups is passed to it. If the closure takes as many arguments as there are match groups, then each parameter will be one match group.

Parameters:
  `self` - the source string
  `regex` - a Regex string
  `closure` - a closure with one parameter or as much parameters as groups
Returns:
  the source string
Since:
  1.6.0

#### eachMatch

    public static String eachMatch(String self,
                   Pattern pattern,
                   Closure closure)

Process each regex group matched substring of the given pattern. If the closure parameter takes one argument, an array with all match groups is passed to it. If the closure takes as many arguments as there are match groups, then each parameter will be one match group.

Parameters:
  `self` - the source string
  `pattern` - a regex Pattern
  `closure` - a closure with one parameter or as much parameters as groups
Returns:
  the source string
Since:
  1.6.1

#### findIndexOf

    public static int findIndexOf(Object self,
                  Closure closure)

Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items and returns the index of the first item that matches the condition specified in the closure.

Parameters:
  `self` - the iteration object over which to iterate
  `closure` - the filter to perform a match on the collection
Returns:
  an integer that is the index of the first matched object or -1 if no match was found
Since:
  1.0

#### findIndexOf

    public static int findIndexOf(Object self,
                  int startIndex,
                  Closure closure)

Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items, starting from a specified startIndex, and returns the index of the first item that matches the condition specified in the closure.

Parameters:
  `self` - the iteration object over which to iterate
  `startIndex` - start matching from this index
  `closure` - the filter to perform a match on the collection
Returns:
  an integer that is the index of the first matched object or -1 if no match was found
Since:
  1.5.0

#### findLastIndexOf

    public static int findLastIndexOf(Object self,
                      Closure closure)

Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items and returns the index of the last item that matches the condition specified in the closure.

Parameters:
  `self` - the iteration object over which to iterate
  `closure` - the filter to perform a match on the collection
Returns:
  an integer that is the index of the last matched object or -1 if no match was found
Since:
  1.5.2

#### findLastIndexOf

    public static int findLastIndexOf(Object self,
                      int startIndex,
                      Closure closure)

Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items, starting from a specified startIndex, and returns the index of the last item that matches the condition specified in the closure.

Parameters:
  `self` - the iteration object over which to iterate
  `startIndex` - start matching from this index
  `closure` - the filter to perform a match on the collection
Returns:
  an integer that is the index of the last matched object or -1 if no match was found
Since:
  1.5.2

#### findIndexValues

    public static List<Number> findIndexValues(Object self,
                               Closure closure)

Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items and returns the index values of the items that match the condition specified in the closure.

Parameters:
  `self` - the iteration object over which to iterate
  `closure` - the filter to perform a match on the collection
Returns:
  a list of numbers corresponding to the index values of all matched objects
Since:
  1.5.2

#### findIndexValues

    public static List<Number> findIndexValues(Object self,
                               Number startIndex,
                               Closure closure)

Iterates over the elements of an iterable collection of items, starting from a specified startIndex, and returns the index values of the items that match the condition specified in the closure.

Parameters:
  `self` - the iteration object over which to iterate
  `startIndex` - start matching from this index
  `closure` - the filter to perform a match on the collection
Returns:
  a list of numbers corresponding to the index values of all matched objects
Since:
  1.5.2

#### getRootLoader

    public static ClassLoader getRootLoader(ClassLoader self)

Iterates through the classloader parents until it finds a loader with a class named "org.codehaus.groovy.tools.RootLoader". If there is no such class `null` will be returned. The name is used for comparison because a direct comparison using == may fail as the class may be loaded through different classloaders.

Parameters:
  `self` - a ClassLoader
Returns:
  the rootLoader for the ClassLoader
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `RootLoader`

#### asType

    public static Object asType(Object obj,
                Class type)

Converts a given object to a type. This method is used through the "as" operator and is overloadable as any other operator.

Parameters:
  `obj` - the object to convert
  `type` - the goal type
Returns:
  the resulting object
Since:
  1.0

#### newInstance

    public static <T> T newInstance(Class<T> c)

Convenience method to dynamically create a new instance of this class. Calls the default constructor.

Parameters:
  `c` - a class
Returns:
  a new instance of this class
Since:
  1.0

#### newInstance

    public static <T> T newInstance(Class<T> c,
                    Object[] args)

Helper to construct a new instance from the given arguments. The constructor is called based on the number and types in the args array. Use `newInstance(null)` or simply `newInstance()` for the default (no-arg) constructor.

Parameters:
  `c` - a class
  `args` - the constructor arguments
Returns:
  a new instance of this class.
Since:
  1.0

#### getMetaClass

    public static MetaClass getMetaClass(Class c)

Adds a "metaClass" property to all class objects so you can use the syntax `String.metaClass.myMethod = { println "foo" }`

Parameters:
  `c` - The java.lang.Class instance
Returns:
  An MetaClass instance
Since:
  1.5.0

#### getMetaClass

    public static MetaClass getMetaClass(Object obj)

Obtains a MetaClass for an object either from the registry or in the case of a GroovyObject from the object itself.

Parameters:
  `obj` - The object in question
Returns:
  The MetaClass
Since:
  1.5.0

#### getMetaClass

    public static MetaClass getMetaClass(GroovyObject obj)

Obtains a MetaClass for an object either from the registry or in the case of a GroovyObject from the object itself.

Parameters:
  `obj` - The object in question
Returns:
  The MetaClass
Since:
  1.6.0

#### setMetaClass

    public static void setMetaClass(Class self,
                    MetaClass metaClass)

Sets the metaclass for a given class.

Parameters:
  `self` - the class whose metaclass we wish to set
  `metaClass` - the new MetaClass
Since:
  1.6.0

#### setMetaClass

    public static void setMetaClass(Object self,
                    MetaClass metaClass)

Set the metaclass for an object

Parameters:
  `self` - the object whose metaclass we want to set
  `metaClass` - the new metaclass value
Since:
  1.6.0

#### metaClass

    public static MetaClass metaClass(Class self,
                      Closure closure)

Sets/updates the metaclass for a given class to a closure.

Parameters:
  `self` - the class whose metaclass we wish to update
  `closure` - the closure representing the new metaclass
Returns:
  the new metaclass value
Throws:
  `GroovyRuntimeException` - if the metaclass can't be set for this class
Since:
  1.6.0

#### metaClass

    public static MetaClass metaClass(Object self,
                      Closure closure)

Sets/updates the metaclass for a given object to a closure.

Parameters:
  `self` - the object whose metaclass we wish to update
  `closure` - the closure representing the new metaclass
Returns:
  the new metaclass value
Throws:
  `GroovyRuntimeException` - if the metaclass can't be set for this object
Since:
  1.6.0

#### iterator

    public static <T> Iterator<T> iterator(T[] a)

Attempts to create an Iterator for the given object by first converting it to a Collection.

Parameters:
  `a` - an array
Returns:
  an Iterator for the given Array.
Since:
  1.6.4
See Also:
  `DefaultTypeTransformation.asCollection(java.lang.Object[])`

#### iterator

    public static Iterator iterator(Object o)

Attempts to create an Iterator for the given object by first converting it to a Collection.

Parameters:
  `o` - an object
Returns:
  an Iterator for the given Object.
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `DefaultTypeTransformation.asCollection(java.lang.Object)`

#### iterator

    public static <T> Iterator<T> iterator(Enumeration<T> enumeration)

Allows an Enumeration to behave like an Iterator. Note that the `remove()` method is unsupported since the underlying Enumeration does not provide a mechanism for removing items.

Parameters:
  `enumeration` - an Enumeration object
Returns:
  an Iterator for the given Enumeration
Since:
  1.0

#### iterator

    public static Iterator iterator(Matcher matcher)

Returns an `Iterator` which traverses each match.

Parameters:
  `matcher` - a Matcher object
Returns:
  an Iterator for a Matcher
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  `Matcher.group()`

#### iterator

    public static Iterator<String> iterator(Reader self)

Creates an iterator which will traverse through the reader a line at a time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a Reader object
Returns:
  an Iterator for the Reader
Since:
  1.5.0
See Also:
  `BufferedReader.readLine()`

#### iterator

    public static Iterator<Byte> iterator(InputStream self)

Standard iterator for a input stream which iterates through the stream content in a byte-based fashion.

Parameters:
  `self` - an InputStream object
Returns:
  an Iterator for the InputStream
Since:
  1.5.0

#### iterator

    public static Iterator<Byte> iterator(DataInputStream self)

Standard iterator for a data input stream which iterates through the stream content a Byte at a time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a DataInputStream object
Returns:
  an Iterator for the DataInputStream
Since:
  1.5.0

#### iterator

    public static Iterator iterator(File self)
                             throws IOException

Deprecated. use File#eachLine instead please
Just throws a DeprecationException. DO NOT USE. It used to provide an iterator for text file content one line at a time.

Parameters:
  `self` - a file object
Returns:
  a line-based iterator
Throws:
  `IOException` - if there is a problem processing the file (e.g. file is not found)
Since:
  1.5.0

#### iterator

    public static <T> Iterator<T> iterator(Iterator<T> self)

An identity function for iterators, supporting 'duck-typing' when trying to get an iterator for each object within a collection, some of which may already be iterators.

Parameters:
  `self` - an iterator object
Returns:
  itself
Since:
  1.5.0

#### respondsTo

    public static List respondsTo(Object self,
                  String name,
                  Object[] argTypes)

Returns an object satisfying Groovy truth if the implementing MetaClass responds to a method with the given name and arguments types.

Note that this method's return value is based on realised methods and does not take into account objects or classes that implement invokeMethod or methodMissing

This method is "safe" in that it will always return a value and never throw an exception

Parameters:
  `self` - The object to inspect
  `name` - The name of the method of interest
  `argTypes` - The argument types to match against
Returns:
  A List of MetaMethods matching the argument types which will be empty if no matching methods exist
Since:
  1.6.0
See Also:
  `MetaObjectProtocol.respondsTo(java.lang.Object, java.lang.String, java.lang.Object[])`

#### respondsTo

    public static List respondsTo(Object self,
                  String name)

Returns an object satisfying Groovy truth if the implementing MetaClass responds to a method with the given name regardless of the arguments.

Note that this method's return value is based on realised methods and does not take into account objects or classes that implement invokeMethod or methodMissing

This method is "safe" in that it will always return a value and never throw an exception

Parameters:
  `self` - The object to inspect
  `name` - The name of the method of interest
Returns:
  A List of MetaMethods matching the given name or an empty list if no matching methods exist
Since:
  1.6.1
See Also:
  `MetaObjectProtocol.respondsTo(java.lang.Object, java.lang.String)`

#### hasProperty

    public static MetaProperty hasProperty(Object self,
                           String name)

Returns true of the implementing MetaClass has a property of the given name

Note that this method will only return true for realised properties and does not take into account implementation of getProperty or propertyMissing

Parameters:
  `self` - The object to inspect
  `name` - The name of the property of interest
Returns:
  The found MetaProperty or null if it doesn't exist
Since:
  1.6.1
See Also:
  `MetaObjectProtocol.hasProperty(java.lang.Object, java.lang.String)`

#### iterator

    @Deprecated
    public static Iterator<Node> iterator(NodeList nodeList)

Deprecated. moved to `XmlGroovyMethods.iterator(org.w3c.dom.NodeList)`

#### toRowResult

    @Deprecated
    public static GroovyRowResult toRowResult(ResultSet rs)
                                       throws SQLException

Deprecated. moved to `SqlGroovyMethods.toRowResult(java.sql.ResultSet)`

Throws:
  `SQLException`

#### encodeBase64

    @Deprecated
    public static Writable encodeBase64(Byte[] data,
                                   boolean chunked)

Deprecated. moved to `EncodingGroovyMethods.encodeBase64(java.lang.Byte[], boolean)`

#### encodeBase64

    @Deprecated
    public static Writable encodeBase64(Byte[] data)

Deprecated. moved to `EncodingGroovyMethods.encodeBase64(java.lang.Byte[])`

#### encodeBase64

    @Deprecated
    public static Writable encodeBase64(byte[] data,
                                   boolean chunked)

Deprecated. moved to `EncodingGroovyMethods.encodeBase64(byte[], boolean)`

#### encodeBase64

    @Deprecated
    public static Writable encodeBase64(byte[] data)

Deprecated. moved to `EncodingGroovyMethods.encodeBase64(byte[])`

#### decodeBase64

    @Deprecated
    public static byte[] decodeBase64(String value)

Deprecated. moved to `EncodingGroovyMethods.decodeBase64(java.lang.String)`

#### next

    @Deprecated
    public static Date next(Date self)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.next(java.util.Date)`

#### next

    @Deprecated
    public static Date next(Date self)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.next(java.sql.Date)`

#### previous

    @Deprecated
    public static Date previous(Date self)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.previous(java.util.Date)`

#### previous

    @Deprecated
    public static Date previous(Date self)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.previous(java.sql.Date)`

#### plus

    @Deprecated
    public static Date plus(Date self,
                       int days)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.plus(java.util.Date, int)`

#### plus

    @Deprecated
    public static Date plus(Date self,
                       int days)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.plus(java.sql.Date, int)`

#### minus

    @Deprecated
    public static Date minus(Date self,
                        int days)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.minus(java.util.Date, int)`

#### minus

    @Deprecated
    public static Date minus(Date self,
                        int days)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.minus(java.sql.Date, int)`

#### minus

    @Deprecated
    public static int minus(Calendar self,
                       Calendar then)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.minus(java.util.Calendar, java.util.Calendar)`

#### minus

    @Deprecated
    public static int minus(Date self,
                       Date then)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.minus(java.util.Date, java.util.Date)`

#### format

    @Deprecated
    public static String format(Date self,
                           String format)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.format(java.util.Date, java.lang.String)`

#### getDateString

    @Deprecated
    public static String getDateString(Date self)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.getDateString(java.util.Date)`

#### getTimeString

    @Deprecated
    public static String getTimeString(Date self)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.getTimeString(java.util.Date)`

#### getDateTimeString

    @Deprecated
    public static String getDateTimeString(Date self)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.getDateTimeString(java.util.Date)`

#### clearTime

    @Deprecated
    public static void clearTime(Date self)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.clearTime(java.util.Date)`

#### clearTime

    @Deprecated
    public static void clearTime(Date self)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.clearTime(java.sql.Date)`

#### clearTime

    @Deprecated
    public static void clearTime(Calendar self)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.clearTime(java.util.Calendar)`

#### format

    @Deprecated
    public static String format(Calendar self,
                           String pattern)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.format(java.util.Calendar, java.lang.String)`

#### getAt

    @Deprecated
    public static int getAt(Date self,
                       int field)

Deprecated. moved to `DateGroovyMethods.getAt(java.util.Date, int)`