## org.apache.commons.math.ode.nonstiff
Class AdamsIntegrator

    java.lang.Object
      org.apache.commons.math.ode.AbstractIntegrator
          org.apache.commons.math.ode.nonstiff.AdaptiveStepsizeIntegrator
              org.apache.commons.math.ode.MultistepIntegrator
                  org.apache.commons.math.ode.nonstiff.AdamsIntegrator

All Implemented Interfaces:
  FirstOrderIntegrator, ODEIntegrator

Direct Known Subclasses:
  AdamsBashforthIntegrator, AdamsMoultonIntegrator

    public abstract class AdamsIntegrator

extends MultistepIntegrator

Base class for `Adams-Bashforth` and `Adams-Moulton` integrators.

Since:
  2.0
Version:
  $Revision: 790368 $ $Date: 2009-07-01 16:31:50 -0400 (Wed, 01 Jul 2009) $

Nested Class Summary

Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class org.apache.commons.math.ode.MultistepIntegrator
`MultistepIntegrator.NordsieckTransformer`

Field Summary
`private AdamsNordsieckTransformer` `transformer` Transformer.

Fields inherited from class org.apache.commons.math.ode.MultistepIntegrator
`nordsieck, scaled`

Fields inherited from class org.apache.commons.math.ode.nonstiff.AdaptiveStepsizeIntegrator
`scalAbsoluteTolerance, scalRelativeTolerance, vecAbsoluteTolerance, vecRelativeTolerance`

Fields inherited from class org.apache.commons.math.ode.AbstractIntegrator
`eventsHandlersManager, stepHandlers, stepSize, stepStart`

Constructor Summary
`AdamsIntegrator(java.lang.String name, int nSteps, int order, double minStep, double maxStep, double[] vecAbsoluteTolerance, double[] vecRelativeTolerance)` Build an Adams integrator with the given order and step control parameters.
`AdamsIntegrator(java.lang.String name, int nSteps, int order, double minStep, double maxStep, double scalAbsoluteTolerance, double scalRelativeTolerance)` Build an Adams integrator with the given order and step control prameters.

Method Summary
`protected Array2DRowRealMatrix` `initializeHighOrderDerivatives(double[] first, double[][] multistep)` Initialize the high order scaled derivatives at step start.
`abstract double` `integrate(FirstOrderDifferentialEquations equations, double t0, double[] y0, double t, double[] y)` Integrate the differential equations up to the given time.
`Array2DRowRealMatrix` `updateHighOrderDerivativesPhase1(Array2DRowRealMatrix highOrder)` Update the high order scaled derivatives for Adams integrators (phase 1).
`void` `updateHighOrderDerivativesPhase2(double[] start, double[] end, Array2DRowRealMatrix highOrder)` Update the high order scaled derivatives Adams integrators (phase 2).

Methods inherited from class org.apache.commons.math.ode.MultistepIntegrator
`computeStepGrowShrinkFactor, getMaxGrowth, getMinReduction, getSafety, getStarterIntegrator, setMaxGrowth, setMinReduction, setSafety, setStarterIntegrator, start`

Methods inherited from class org.apache.commons.math.ode.nonstiff.AdaptiveStepsizeIntegrator
`filterStep, getCurrentStepStart, getMaxStep, getMinStep, initializeStep, resetInternalState, sanityChecks, setInitialStepSize`

Methods inherited from class org.apache.commons.math.ode.AbstractIntegrator
`addEndTimeChecker, addEventHandler, addStepHandler, clearEventHandlers, clearStepHandlers, computeDerivatives, getCurrentSignedStepsize, getEvaluations, getEventHandlers, getMaxEvaluations, getName, getStepHandlers, requiresDenseOutput, resetEvaluations, setEquations, setMaxEvaluations`

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
`clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

Field Detail

### transformer

    private final AdamsNordsieckTransformer transformer

  Transformer.

Constructor Detail

### AdamsIntegrator

    public AdamsIntegrator(java.lang.String name,
                           int nSteps,
                           int order,
                           double minStep,
                           double maxStep,
                           double scalAbsoluteTolerance,
                           double scalRelativeTolerance)
                    throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException

  Build an Adams integrator with the given order and step control prameters.

  Parameters:
    `name` - name of the method
    `nSteps` - number of steps of the method excluding the one being computed
    `order` - order of the method
    `minStep` - minimal step (must be positive even for backward integration), the last step can be smaller than this
    `maxStep` - maximal step (must be positive even for backward integration)
    `scalAbsoluteTolerance` - allowed absolute error
    `scalRelativeTolerance` - allowed relative error
  Throws:
    `java.lang.IllegalArgumentException` - if order is 1 or less

### AdamsIntegrator

    public AdamsIntegrator(java.lang.String name,
                           int nSteps,
                           int order,
                           double minStep,
                           double maxStep,
                           double[] vecAbsoluteTolerance,
                           double[] vecRelativeTolerance)
                    throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException

  Build an Adams integrator with the given order and step control parameters.

  Parameters:
    `name` - name of the method
    `nSteps` - number of steps of the method excluding the one being computed
    `order` - order of the method
    `minStep` - minimal step (must be positive even for backward integration), the last step can be smaller than this
    `maxStep` - maximal step (must be positive even for backward integration)
    `vecAbsoluteTolerance` - allowed absolute error
    `vecRelativeTolerance` - allowed relative error
  Throws:
    `java.lang.IllegalArgumentException` - if order is 1 or less

Method Detail

### integrate

    public abstract double integrate(FirstOrderDifferentialEquations equations,
                                     double t0,
                                     double[] y0,
                                     double t,
                                     double[] y)
                              throws DerivativeException,
                                     IntegratorException

  Integrate the differential equations up to the given time.

  This method solves an Initial Value Problem (IVP).

  Since this method stores some internal state variables made available in its public interface during integration (`ODEIntegrator.getCurrentSignedStepsize()`), it is not thread-safe.

  Specified by:
    `integrate` in interface `FirstOrderIntegrator`
  Specified by:
    `integrate` in class `AdaptiveStepsizeIntegrator`
  Parameters:
    `equations` - differential equations to integrate
    `t0` - initial time
    `y0` - initial value of the state vector at t0
    `t` - target time for the integration (can be set to a value smaller than `t0` for backward integration)
    `y` - placeholder where to put the state vector at each successful step (and hence at the end of integration), can be the same object as y0
  Returns:
    stop time, will be the same as target time if integration reached its target, but may be different if some `EventHandler` stops it at some point.
  Throws:
    `DerivativeException` - this exception is propagated to the caller if the underlying user function triggers one
    `IntegratorException` - if the integrator cannot perform integration

### initializeHighOrderDerivatives

    protected Array2DRowRealMatrix initializeHighOrderDerivatives(double[] first,
                                                                  double[][] multistep)

  Initialize the high order scaled derivatives at step start.

  Specified by:
    `initializeHighOrderDerivatives` in class `MultistepIntegrator`
  Parameters:
    `first` - first scaled derivative at step start
    `multistep` - scaled derivatives after step start (hy'1, ..., hy'k-1) will be modified
  Returns:
    high order scaled derivatives at step start

### updateHighOrderDerivativesPhase1

    public Array2DRowRealMatrix updateHighOrderDerivativesPhase1(Array2DRowRealMatrix highOrder)

  Update the high order scaled derivatives for Adams integrators (phase 1).

  The complete update of high order derivatives has a form similar to:

       rn+1 = (s1(n) - s1(n+1)) P-1 u + P-1 A P rn

  this method computes the P-1 A P rn part.

  Parameters:
    `highOrder` - high order scaled derivatives (h2/2 y'', ... hk/k! y(k))
  Returns:
    updated high order derivatives
  See Also:
    `updateHighOrderDerivativesPhase2(double[], double[], Array2DRowRealMatrix)`

### updateHighOrderDerivativesPhase2

    public void updateHighOrderDerivativesPhase2(double[] start,
                                                 double[] end,
                                                 Array2DRowRealMatrix highOrder)

  Update the high order scaled derivatives Adams integrators (phase 2).

  The complete update of high order derivatives has a form similar to:

       rn+1 = (s1(n) - s1(n+1)) P-1 u + P-1 A P rn

  this method computes the (s1(n) - s1(n+1)) P-1 u part.

  Phase 1 of the update must already have been performed.

  Parameters:
    `start` - first order scaled derivatives at step start
    `end` - first order scaled derivatives at step end
    `highOrder` - high order scaled derivatives, will be modified (h2/2 y'', ... hk/k! y(k))
  See Also:
    `updateHighOrderDerivativesPhase1(Array2DRowRealMatrix)`

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