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### Restrictor, Bend

Figure 76: Geometry of a bend

The geometry of a bend is shown in Figure 76. There are three types: TYPE = RESTRICTOR BEND IDEL CIRC, TYPE = RESTRICTOR BEND IDEL RECT, both with loss coefficients according to [28] and TYPE = RESTRICTOR BEND MILLER with coefficients taken from [46]. In the first and last type the bend is described by the following constants (to be specified in that order on the line beneath the *FLUID SECTION, TYPE = RESTRICTOR BEND IDEL CIRC or TYPE = RESTRICTOR BEND MILLER card):

- cross section before the bend .
- cross section after the bend .
- hydraulic diameter .
- radius of the bend .
- bend angle .
- oil mass flow in the restrictor (only if the OIL parameter is used to define the kind of oil in the *FLUID SECTION card)

They apply to circular cross sections. For rectangular cross sections the constants are as follows (to be specified in that order on the line beneath the *FLUID SECTION, TYPE=RESTRICTOR BEND IDEL RECT card):

- cross section before the bend .
- cross section after the bend .
- hydraulic diameter .
- radius of the bend .
- bend angle .
- height .
- width .
- oil mass flow in the restrictor (only if the OIL parameter is used to define the kind of oil in the *FLUID SECTION card)

The loss coefficients are those published by Idelchik [28] and Miller [46].

By specifying the parameter LIQUID on the *FLUID SECTION card the loss is calculated for liquids. In the absence of this parameter, compressible losses are calculated.

Example files: restrictor, restrictor-oil.

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