##############################################################################
#
# Copyright (c) 2003 Zope Corporation and Contributors.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# This software is subject to the provisions of the Zope Public License,
# Version 2.1 (ZPL).  A copy of the ZPL should accompany this distribution.
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ANY AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
# WARRANTIES ARE DISCLAIMED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
# WARRANTIES OF TITLE, MERCHANTABILITY, AGAINST INFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS
# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
#
##############################################################################
"""A small sandbox application.

$Id: sandbox.py 40322 2005-11-22 16:12:59Z tseaver $
"""
import time, random

from zope.interface import Interface, implements

class IAgent(Interface):
    """A player/agent in the world.
    
    The agent represents an autonomous unit, that lives in various
    homes/sandboxes and accesses services present at the sandboxes. Agents are
    imbued with a sense of wanderlust and attempt to find new homes after a
    few turns of the time generator (think turn based games).
    """
    def action():
        """Perform agent's action."""

    def setHome(home):
        """Move to a different home."""

    def getHome():
        """Return the place where the agent currently lives."""

    def getAuthenticationToken():
        """Return the authority by which the agent perform actions."""


class IService(Interface):
    """Marker to designate some form of functionality.
    
    Services are available from sandboxes, examples include time service,
    agent discovery, and sandbox discovery.
    """


class ISandbox(Interface):
    """A container for agents to live in and services to be available."""

    def getService(service_id):
        """Get the service having the provided id in this sandbox."""

    def getAgents():
        """Return a list of agents living in this sandbox."""

    def addAgent(agent):
        """Add a new agent to the sandbox."""

    def transportAgent(agent, destination):
        """Move the specified agent to the destination sandbox."""


class SandboxError(Exception):
    """A sandbox error is thrown, if any action could not be performed.""" 
    pass


class Identity(object):
    """Mixin for pretty printing and identity method"""
    def __init__(self, id, *args, **kw):
        self.id = id

    def getId(self):
        return self.id

    def __str__ (self):
        return "<%s> %s"%(str(self.__class__.__name__), str(self.id))

    __repr__ = __str__


class Agent(Identity):
    implements(IAgent)

    def __init__(self, id, home, auth_token, action):
        """Initialize agent."""
        self.id = id
        self.auth_token = auth_token
        self.home = home
        self._action = action

    def action(self):
        """See IAgent."""
        self._action(self, self.getHome())

    def setHome(self, home):
        """See IAgent."""
        self.home = home

    def getHome(self):
        """See IAgent."""
        return self.home

    def getAuthenticationToken(self):
        """See IAgent."""
        return self.auth_token


class Sandbox(Identity):
    """
    see ISandbox doc
    """
    implements(ISandbox)

    def __init__(self, id, service_factories):
        self.id = id
        self._services = {}
        self._agents = {}

        for sf in service_factories:
            self.addService(sf())

    def getAgentIds(self):
        return self._agents.keys()
    def getAgents(self):
        return self._agents.values()
    def getServiceIds(self):
        return self._services.keys()
    def getService(self, sid):
        return self._services.get(sid)
    def getHome(self):
        return self


    def addAgent(self, agent):
        if not self._agents.has_key(agent.getId()) \
           and IAgent.providedBy(agent):
            self._agents[agent.getId()]=agent
            agent.setHome(self)
        else:
            raise SandboxError("couldn't add agent %s"%agent)

    def addService(self, service):

        if not self._services.has_key(service.getId()) \
           and IService.providedBy(service):
            self._services[service.getId()]=service
            service.setHome(self)
        else:
            raise SandboxError("couldn't add service %s"%service)

    def transportAgent(self, agent, destination):
        if self._agents.has_key(agent.getId()) \
            and destination is not self \
            and ISandbox.providedBy(destination):
            destination.addAgent(agent)
            del self._agents[agent.getId()]
        else:
            raise SandboxError("couldn't transport agent %s to %s"%(
                agent, destination)
                               )

class Service(object):
    implements(IService)
    def getId(self):
        return self.__class__.__name__
    def setHome(self, home):
        self._home = home
    def getHome(self):
        return getattr(self, '_home')

class HomeDiscoveryService(Service):
    """
    returns the ids of available agent homes
    """
    def getAvailableHomes(self):
        return _homes.keys()

class AgentDiscoveryService(Service):
    """
    returns the agents available at a given home
    """
    def getLocalAgents(self, home):
        return home.getAgents()

class TimeService(Service):
    """
    returns the local time
    """
    def getTime(self):
        return time.time()

default_service_factories = (
    HomeDiscoveryService,
    AgentDiscoveryService,
    TimeService
    )

def action_find_homes(agent, home):
    home_service = home.getService('HomeDiscoveryService')
    return home_service.getAvailableHomes()

def action_find_neighbors(agent, home):
    agent_service = home.getService('AgentDiscoveryService')
    return agent_service.getLocalAgents(home)

def action_find_time(agent, home):
    time_service = home.getService('TimeService')
    return time_service.getTime()

class TimeGenerator(object):
    """Represents the passage of time in the agent simulation.

    each turn represents some discrete unit of time, during
    which all agents attempt to perform their action. Additionally,
    all agents are checked to see if they have a desire to move,
    and if so are transported to a new random home.
    """

    def setupAgent(self, agent):
        pass

    def teardownAgent(self, agent):
        pass

    def turn(self):

        global _homes

        for h in _homes.values():
            agents = h.getAgents()
            for a in agents:
                self.setupAgent(a)
                try:
                    a.action()
                except Exception, e:
                    print '-- Exception --'
                    print '"%s" in "%s" not allow to "%s"' %(a, h,
                                                             a._action.__name__)
                    print e
                    print 
                self.teardownAgent(a)

            agents = filter(WanderLust, agents)

            for a in agents:
                self.setupAgent(a)
                try:
                    home = a.getHome()
                    new_home = GreenerPastures(a)
                    home.transportAgent(a, new_home)
                except Exception, e:
                    print '-- Exception --'
                    print 'moving "%s" from "%s" to "%s"' %(a, h,` new_home`)
                    print e
                    print 
                self.teardownAgent(a)


def WanderLust(agent):
    """ is agent ready to move """
    if int(random.random()*100) <= 30:
        return 1

def GreenerPastures(agent):
    """ where do they want to go today """
    global _homes
    possible_homes = _homes.keys()
    possible_homes.remove(agent.getHome().getId())
    return _homes.get(random.choice(possible_homes))


# boot strap initial setup.

# global list of homes
_homes = {}

all_homes = (
    Sandbox('jail', default_service_factories),
    Sandbox('origin', default_service_factories),
    Sandbox('valhalla', default_service_factories)
)

origin = all_homes[1]

for h in all_homes:
    _homes[h.getId()]=h


agents = [
    Agent('odin', None, 'norse legend', action_find_time),
    Agent('loki', None, 'norse legend', action_find_neighbors),
    Agent('thor', None, 'norse legend', action_find_homes),
    Agent('thucydides', None, 'greek men', action_find_time),
    Agent('archimedes', None, 'greek men', action_find_neighbors),
    Agent('prometheus', None, 'greek men', action_find_homes),
    ]

for a in agents:
    origin.addAgent(a)


def main():
    world = TimeGenerator()

    for x in range(5):
        print 'world turning'
        world.turn()

    for h in _homes.values():
        print h.getId(), h.getAgentIds()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
