DataparkSearch Engine 4.48: The Web searching software; Reference manual
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# 3.6. Specifying WEB space to be indexed

When indexer tries to insert a new URL into database or is trying to index an existing one, it first of all checks whether this URL has corresponding Server, Realm or Subnet command given in `indexer.conf`. URLs without corresponding Server, Realm or Subnet command are not indexed. By default those URLs which are already in database and have no Server/Realm/Subnet commands will be deleted from database. It may happen for example after removing some Server/Realm/Subnet commands from `indexer.conf`.

These commands have following format:

    [Server | Realm | Subnet] [method] [subsection] [CaseType] [MatchType] [CmpType] pattern [alias]

Mandatory parameter `pattern` specify an URL, or it part, or pattern to compare.

Optional parameter `method` specify an document action for this command. May take values: `Allow`, `Disallow`, `HrefOnly`, `CheckOnly`, `Skip`, `CheckMP3`, `CheckMP3Only`. By default, the value `Allow` is used.

1. Allow

   Value `Allow` specify that all corresponding documents will be indexed and scanned for new links. Depends on `Content-Type` appropriate external parser is executed if need.

2. Disallow

   Value `Disallow` specify that all corresponding documents will be ignored and deleted from database, if its was placed into before.

3. HrefOnly

   Value `HrefOnly` specify that all corresponding documents will be only scanned for new links (not indexed). This is useful, for example, for mail archives indexing, when index pages is only scanned to detect new messages for indexing.

       Server HrefOnly Page http://www.mail-archive.com/general%40mnogosearch.org/
       Server Allow    Path http://www.mail-archive.com/general%40mnogosearch.org/

4. CheckOnly

   Value `CheckOnly` specify that all corresponding documents will be requested by HTTP HEAD request, not HTTP GET, i.e. inly brief info about documents (size, last modified, content type) will be fetched. This allow, for example, check links on your site:

       Server HrefOnly  http://www.mnogosearch.org/
       Realm  CheckOnly *

   These commands instruct indexer to scan all documents on `www.mnogosearch.org` site and collect all links. Brief info about every document found will be requested by HEAD method. After indexing done, indexer -S command will show status for all documents from this site.

5. Skip

   Value `Skip` specify that all corresponding documents will be skipped while indexing. This is useful when need temporally disable reindexing several sites, but able search on. These documents will marked as expired.

6. CheckMP3

   Value `CheckMP3` specify that corresponding documents will be checked for MP3 tags along if its `Content-Type` is equal to `audio/mpeg`. This is useful, for example, if remote server supply `application/octet-stream` as `Content-Type` for MP3 files. If this tag is present, these files will indexed as MP3 file, otherwise its will be processed according to `Content-Type`.

7. CheckMP3Only

   This value is equal to `CheckMP3`, but if MP3 tag is not present, processing on `Content-Type` will not be taken.

Use optional `subsection` parameter to specify server's checking behavior. Subsection value must be one of the following: `nofollow`, `page`, `path`, `site`, `world` and has "path" value by default.

1. `path` subsection

   When indexer seeks for a "Server" command corresponding to an URL it checks that the discovered URL starts with URL given in Server command argument but without trailing file name. For example, if `Server path http://localhost/path/to/index.html` is given, all URLs which have `http://localhost/path/to/` at the beginning correspond to this Server command.

   The following commands have the same effect except that they insert different URLs into database:

       Server path http://localhost/path/to/index.html
       Server path http://localhost/path/to/index
       Server path http://localhost/path/to/index.cgi?q=bla
       Server path http://localhost/path/to/index?q=bla

2. `site` subsection

   indexer checks that the discovered URL have the same hostname with URL given in Server command. For example, `Server site http://localhost/path/to/a.html` will allow to index whole `http://localhost/` server.

3. `world` subsection

   If world subsection is specified in Server command, it has the same effect that URL is considered to match this Server command. See explanation below.

4. `page` subsection

   This subsection describes the only one URL given in Server argument.

5. `nofollow` subsection

   Skip links following for URL that match the pattern.

6. subsection in `news://` schema

   Subsection is always considered as "site" for news:// URL schema. This is because news:// schema has no nested paths like ftp:// or http:// Use `Server news://news.server.com/` to index whole news server or for example `Server news://news.server.com/udm` to index all messages from "udm" hierarchy.

Optional parameter `CaseType` is specify the case sensivity for string comparison, it can take one of follow value: `case` - case insensitive comparison, or `nocase` - case sensitive comparison.

Optional parameter `CmpType` is specify the type of comparison and can take two value: `Regex` and `String`. `String` wildcards is default match type. You can use ? and * signs in URLMask parameters, they means "one character" and "any number of characters" respectively. For example, if you want to index all HTTP sites in .ru domain, use this command:

    Realm http://*.ru/*

Regex comparison type takes a regular expression as it's argument. Activate regex comparison type using `Regex` keyword. For example, you can describe everything in .ru domain using regex comparison type:

    Realm Regex ^http://.*\.ru/

Optional parameter `MatchType` means match type. There are `Match` and `NoMatch` possible values with `Match` as default. `Realm NoMatch` has reverse effect. It means that URL that does not match given `pattern` will correspond to this Realm command. For example, use this command to index everything without .com domain:

    Realm NoMatch http://*.com/*

Optional `alias` argument allows providing very complicated URL rewrite more powerful than other aliasing mechanism. Take a look Section 3.7 for `alias` argument usage explanation. `Alias` works only with `Regex` comparison type and has no effect with `String` type.

## 3.6.1. Server command

This is the main command of the `indexer.conf` file. It is used to add servers or their parts to be indexed. This command also says indexer to insert given URL into database at startup.

E.g. command `Server http://localhost/` allows to index whole `http://localhost/` server. It also makes indexer insert given URL into database at startup. You can also specify some path to index server subsection: `Server http://localhost/subsection/`. It also says indexer to insert given URL at startup.

> Note: You can suppress indexer behavior to add URL given in Server command by using -q indexer command line argument. It is useful when you have hundreds or thousands Server commands and their URLs are already in database. This allows having more quick indexer startup.

## 3.6.2. Realm command

Realm command is a more powerful means of describing web area to be indexed. It works almost like Server command but takes a regular expression or string wildcards as it's `pattern` parameter and do not insert any URL into database for indexing.

## 3.6.3. Subnet command

Subnet command is another way to describe web area to be indexed. It works almost like Server command but takes a string wildcards or network specified in CIDR presentation format as it's `pattern` argument which is compared against IP address instead of URL. In case of string wilcards formant, argument may have * and ? signs, they means "one character" and "any number of characters" respectively. For example, if you want to index all HTTP sites in your local subnet, use this command:

    Subnet 192.168.*.*

In case of network specified in CIDR presentation format, you may specify subnet in forms: a.b.c.d/m, a.b.c, a.b, a

    Subnet 1291.168.10.0/24

You may use "NoMatch" optional argument. For example, if you want to index everything without `195.x.x.x` subnet, use:

    Subnet NoMatch 195.*.*.*

## 3.6.4. Using different parameter for server and it's subsections

Indexer seeks for "Server" and "Realm" commands in order of their appearance. Thus if you want to give different parameters to e.g. whole server and its subsection you should add subsection line before whole server's. Imagine that you have server subdirectory which contains news articles. Surely those articles are to be reindexed more often than the rest of the server. The following combination may be useful in such cases:

    # Add subsection
    Period 200000
    Server http://servername/news/

    # Add server
    Period 600000
    Server http://servername/

These commands give different reindexing period for `/news/` subdirectory comparing with the period of server as a whole. indexer will choose the first "Server" record for the `http://servername/news/page1.html` as far as it matches and was given first.

## 3.6.5. Default indexer behavior

The default behavior of indexer is to follow through links having correspondent Server/Realm command in the `indexer.conf` file. It also jumps between servers if both of them are present in `indexer.conf` either directly in Server command or indirectly in Realm command. For example, there are two Server commands:

    Server http://www/
    Server http://web/

When indexing `http://www/page1.html` indexer WILL follow the link `http://web/page2.html` if the last one has been found. Note that these pages are on different servers, but BOTH of them have correspondent Server record.

If one of the Server command is deleted, indexer will remove all expired URLs from this server during next reindexing.

## 3.6.6. Using `indexer -f <filename>`

The third scheme is very useful for `indexer -i -f url.txt` running. You may maintain required servers in the `url.txt`. When new URL is added into `url.txt` indexer will index the server of this URL during next startup.

## 3.6.7. ServerDB, RealmDB, SubnetDB and URLDB commands

    URLDB pgsql://foo:bar@localhost/portal/links?field=url

These commands are equal to Server, Realm, Subnet and URL commands respectively, but takes arguments from field of SQL-table specified. In example above, URLs are takes from database `portal`, SQL-table `links` and filed `url`.

## 3.6.8. URL command

    URL http://localhost/path/to/page.html

This command inserts given `URL` into database. This is usefull to add several entry points to one server. Has no effect if an URL is already in the database.

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