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# Utility Applets

## Aplique Tabla de Caracteres

El aplique `Tabla de Caracteres`, mostrado en Figura 56, te permite escribir fácilmente muchos caracteres que no están disponibles en teclados estándar, como caracteres acentuados, ciertos símbolos matemáticos y de puntuación, y otros símbolos especiales. Para añadir este aplique a un Panel, pulsa con el botón derecho en el Panel y selecciona Panel->Añadir al panel->Aplique->Utilidades->Tabla de Caracteres.

Figura 56. Aplique Tabla de Caracteres

### Uso

Primero, lleva el foco del cursor al aplique `Tabla de Caracteres` pulsando sobre uno de los caracteres mostrados en el aplique. Especifica el grupo de caracteres pulsando la tecla correspondiente en tu teclado. (Para una lista completa de grupos de caracteres y teclas correspondientes, véase la sección de nombre Caracteres.) Por ejemplo, para ver las varias versiones de la letra "a" acentuada, pulsa "a". Después de haber encontrado la letra o el símbolo correcto pulsa con el botón izquierdo sobre él para copiar el símbolo al buffer. El caracter deberá aparecer cono un botón pulsado. Esto es parecido al popular comando Copiar, disponible en muchos programas. Para pegar el símbolo en cualquier ventana, simplemente pulsa el botón central del ratón. La mayoría de las aplicaciones que tienen las opciones Copiar y Pegar también te permitirán pegar el símbolo utilizando su comando Pegar.

| Soporte de caracteres ISO-8859-1 (Latin-1)
| Fíjate que algunas aplicaciones no soportan caracteres ISO-8859-1. Estas aplicaciones no mostrarán ciertos caracteres del aplique `Tabla de Caracteres`.

| Copiar y Pegar en X

El sistema X Windows permite copiar y pegar texto marcándolo con el primer botón del ratón para copiar el texto y después pegando el texto pulsando el botón central del ratón. Fíjate que `Tabla de Caracteres` usa el mismo buffer de copia que utiliza X. Por lo tanto, cuando seleccionas un caracter en la `Tabla de Caracteres` reemplaza cualquier texto previo que se encontrase en el buffer. Del mismo modo, si has seleccionado un caracter en la `Tabla de Caracteres` y después marcas algún texto el texto marcado reemplazará el caracter en el buffer y el botón dejará de aparecer como pulsado.

Pulsando con el botón derecho sobre el aplique emerge un menú con los siguientes elementos:

- Propiedades… — abre el diálogo `Propiedades`.

- Ayuda — muestra este documento.

- Acerca de… — muestra información básica acerca del `Aplique Tabla de Caracteres`, incluyendo la versión del aplique y el nombre del autor.

### Personalización

Puedes personalizar el aplique `Tabla de Caracteres` pulsando con el botón derecho sobre él y seleccionando Propiedades…. Esto abrirá el diálogo Propiedades (mostrado en Figura 57), que te permite cambiar varias opciones.

Figura 57. Diálogo Propiedades

Las propiedades en la pestaña `Tamaño` son:

- Adaptar al tamaño del panel — Si este botón se encuentra marcado, el aplique `Tabla de Caracteres` adaptará automáticamente el número de filas y columnas de caracteres para caber en el Panel.

- `Número mínimo de celdas`: (para tamaño automático) — Esto define el número mínimo de botones con caracter (o "celdas") que se mostrarán. El número real de botones con caracter puede exceder de este número, dependiendo del tamaño del Panel y el número elegido. Fíjate que si el número es demasiado pequeño, algunos caracteres podrían no ser visibles. (Esta variable no influye en la disposición de las celdas si el botón Adaptar al tamaño del panel no está seleccionado.)

- `Cantidad de filas de botones`: — Esto determina el número de filas de botones con caracter (o "celdas") que aparecen en el aplique. (Esta variable no influye en la disposición de las celdas si el botón Adaptar al tamaño del panel está seleccionado.)

- `Cantidad de columnas de botones`: — Esto determina el número de columnas de botones con caracter (o "celdas") que aparecen en el aplique. (Esta variable no influye en la disposición de las celdas si el botón Adaptar al tamaño del panel está seleccionado.)

- `Tamaño del botón`: (en píxeles) — Este es el tamaño (en píxeles) de cada botón con caracter en el aplique.

Las propiedades en la pestaña `Lista por omisión` son:

- `Lista de caracteres por omisión` — Esta es la lista de caracteres que será mostrada en el aplique cuando pulsas la barra espaciadora. Esto es un modo conveniente de tener una lista de los caracteres usados con mayor frecuencia. Simplemente introduce los caracteres que más usas en este campo.

Después de haber realizado todos los cambios que quieras, pulsa sobre OK para aplicar los cambios y cerrar el diálogo Properties. Pulsa Aplicar para aplicar los cambios sin cerrar el diálogo actual. Cerrar cierra Propiedades sin guardar los cambios que no hayan sido aplicados. Los cambios aplicados no pueden ser cancelados.

### Caracteres

El aplique `Tabla de Caracteres` tiene todos los caracteres del conjunto de caracteres ISO-8859-1 (Latin 1) que no están en los teclados estándar de EEUU. Están asignados como se muestra en Figura 58. Los caracteres en negrita en la primera columna de cada mitad y a la izquierda de la línea de puntos son los caracteres que debes usar en el aplique `Tabla de Caracteres` para obtener los caracteres correspondientes mostrados a la derecha.

Figura 58. Clave de Caracteres de la Tabla de Caracteres

### Errores y Limitaciones conocidos

Este aplique no tiene errores conocidos.

## Desk Guide Applet

`Desk Guide` applet, shown in Figura 59, is an applet that allows you to visually navigate your virtual desktops. To add this applet to a Panel, right-click on the panel and choose Applets->Utility->Desk Guide.

Figura 59. Desk Guide

### Usage

`Desk Guide` applet helps you navigate all of the virtual desktops available on your system. The `X Window` system, working in hand with a piece of software called a "window manager", allows you to create more than one virtual desktop to organize your work, with different applications running on each desktop. Each desktop can also be subdivided by the window manager into rows and columns of working space, called "desk areas". `Desk Guide` applet is a navigational tool to get around the various desktops and desk areas, providing a miniature road map in the GNOME panel showing all your virtual desktops (also known as workspaces) and desk areas, and allowing you to switch easily between them.

`Desk Guide` applet works hand-in-hand with the window manager, the piece of software such as Sawfish or Enlightenment that handles the look, feel and performance of your windows. The window manager lays down borders, resizes windows, places and moves them. The window manager is in charge of the various desktops. `Desk Guide` applet handles the navigation.

`Desk Guide` applet displays miniature versions of all your available desktops, including outlined boxes representing the applications running in each desktop window. The desktop currently in use is highlighted. Mouse-click on a representation of a desktop in `Desk Guide` applet to switch to display a different virtual desktop on your monitor.

Click and hold with your middle mouse button on any window image in `Desk Guide` applet to drag the window around your virtual desktops.

| Note

Different window managers use different jargon to describe virtual desktops and the subdivided workspaces within them. `Enlightenment` divides your working area into "desktops," and then subdivides those into "screens." `Sawfish`, formerly known as `Sawmill` divides your working area into "workspaces" and then subdivides those into columns and rows. `Desk Guide` applet calls the workspaces "desktops" and the areas within them "viewports". See your window manager's documentation for more informaton on setting up and managing your virtual workspaces.

Mouse-clicking on the arrow on the left side of `Desk Guide` applet brings up the Task List window, shown in Figura 60.

Figura 60. Desk Guide Task List

The window lists the various applications running on your computer. Left-clicking on any of the applications listed in the Task List window shifts focus to that application, i.e. this window rises to the foreground and all your keyboard input will be sent to the application running in this window.

### Right-Click Pop-Up Menu Items

In addition to the standard menu items (see la sección de nombre Standard Pop-Up Items), the right-click pop-up menu has the following item:

- Properties... — This menu item opens the Properties dialog (see la sección de nombre Properties) which allows you to customize the appearance and behavior of this applet.

### Properties

You can configure `Desk Guide` applet by right-clicking on the applet and choosing the Properties... menu item. This will open the Properties dialog, with four different tabbed pages giving you access to various configuration options - display, tasks geometry, advanced.

#### Properties - Display

The first Properties window, shown in Figura 61, allows you to control `Desk Guide` applet's display.

Figura 61. Properties Dialog

Options include:

- `Switch tasklist arrow` — switches the side of the applet on which the arrow used to launch the tasklist window is displayed.

- `Only show current desktop in pager` — limits the applet display to the desktop currently in use, including all its viewports.

- `Raise area grid over tasks` — If you use multiple viewports (not only multiple desktops) with your window manager, `Desk Guide` draws a viewport grid in the current desktop. It can either draw the grid on top of the windows or below them.

- `Show Desk-Guide tooltips` — Display tooltips related to various `Desk Guide` applet components. The arrow is the only widget that displays a tooltip.

- `Desk-Guide tooltip delay [ms]` — delay, in milliseconds, before the tooltip is displayed. You may either type in a number or use the arrows to change the number.

- `Show desktop name tooltips` — Some window managers, such as `Enlightenment`, allow you to name your desktops. The feature directs `Deskguide` to show tooltips displaying the desktop's name.

- `Desktop name tooltip delay [ms]` — delay, in milliseconds, before the tooltip is displayed. You may either type in a number or use the arrows to change the number.

#### Properties - Tasks

Figura 62. Properties Dialog - Tasks

Options include:

- `Show hidden tasks (HIDDEN)`, `Show shaded tasks (SHADED)`, `Show tasks which hide from window list (SKIP-WINLIST)`, `Show tasks which hide from taskbar (SKIP-TASKBAR)` — These four items allow `Deskguide` to display applications running with flags set that would normally hide them from an application like this. For instance the `panel` is flagged as HIDDEN, HIDE_FROM_WINLIST and HIDE_FROM_TASKBAR. Selecting these options will allow `Deskguide` to show such applications.

#### Properties - Geometry

Figura 63. Properties Dialog - Geometry

Options include:

- `Desktop Height [pixels]` — sets the height of the desktop. By default this is greyed out, and the panel size automatically sets the desktop height. To activate it uncheck the `Override desktop height with panel size` checkbox.

- `Override desktop height with panel size` — forces `Desk Guide` to automatically size itself to the panel. Unchecking this allows you to manually set the height using the `Desktop Height` setting above.

- `Divide height by number of vertical areas` — divide the total applet height by the number of rows of desktop areas visible.

- `Rows of desktops` — set the number of rows of desktop maps `Desk Guide` creates in the panel to represent your desktops.

  | Your window manager, not `Desk Guide Applet`, controls the number of desktops available on your computer. This feature only controls the way `Desk Guide` applet displays them.

- `Divide height by number of rows` — forces `Desk Guide` to fit all the rows of desktops into the height specified above (either one you have manually specified or one set automatically to match the height of the panel). Unchecking this, if you have more than one row, allows `Desk Guide` to expand vertically to two or more times normal height.

The options for Vertical Layout are mirror those for horizontal layout above, but effect the width instead of height of the applet, and the number of columns it occupies instead of the number of rows.

#### Properties - Advanced

Figura 64. Properties Dialog - Advanced

Advanced options allow you to control `Desk Guide's` behavior with specific window managers, along with other settings.

- `Draw desktops double-buffered (recommended)` — controls the method `Desk Guide` draws desktops. Without double-buffering, you may see flicker on slower machines. With it, you may see slower performance on network connections.

- `Window manager moves decoration window instead` — Check this if, when you move a window with the middle mouse button, but the resulting window position is off. If in doubt, check this if you use any of the window managers mentioned (`AfterStep`, `Enlightenment`, `FVWM`, `IceWM`, or `Sawmill`, now known as `Sawfish`).

- `Window manager changes active area on all desktops` — If you have more than one desktop, with multiple work areas within each desktop, this option can be used to force the window manager to change the active work area within all the desktops simultaneously if you change your work area on one.

- `Window manager expects pager to modify area+desktop` — Currently has no effect.

- `Popdown task view automatically` — Automatically pops down the task view window after you click on an application in the task view list. If unchecked, you must click a second time on the task view arrow to get the window to pop down.

#### More Information

All Properties dialogs have the following buttons at the bottom of the dialog:

- OK — Pressing OK will activate any changes in the properties you have made and close the Properties dialog.

- Apply — Pressing Apply at any time will make your changes active without closing the Properties dialog. This is helpful if you would like to test the effects of the changes you have made but may want to continue changing the properties.

- Close — Pressing Close will close the Properties dialog. Only changes in the configuration which were previously applied with the Apply button will persist. Other changes will not be made active.

- Help — Pressing Help brings up the manual for the application, opening it to the page describing the Properties dialog.

#### Standard Pop-Up Items

All applets should have the following items in their right-click pop-up menu:

Remove from panel

  The Remove from panel menu item removes the applet from the Panel.

Move

  After selecting Move, your mouse pointer will change appearance (typically to a cross with arrows in each direction). As you move your mouse, the applet will move with it. When you have finished moving the applet, click any mouse button and the applet will anchor in its current position. Note that applets can be moved between two Panels this way.

Panel

  The Panel submenu contains various items and submenus for adding and removing Panels and applets and for changing the configuration.

About

  The About... menu item brings up a dialogue box containing various information about the applet, typically including the applet's name, version, author, copyright, license and description.

Help

  The Help menu item brings up the help manual for the applet.

### Known Bugs and Limitations

The `Window manager expects pager to modify area+desktop` feature on the advanced properties window currently has no effect.

### Authors

`Desk Guide` applet was written by Tim Janik (`<timj@gtk.org>`). Please send all comments, suggestions, and bug reports to the GNOME bug tracking database. (Instructions for submitting bug reports can be found on-line. If you are using GNOME 1.1 or later, you can also use `Bug Report Tool` (bug-buddy), available in the Utilities submenu of Main Menu, for submitting bug reports.

This manual was written by John Fleck (`<jfleck@inkstain.net>`). Please send all comments and suggestions regarding this manual to the GNOME Documentation Project by sending an email to `<docs@gnome.org>`. You can also submit comments online by using the GNOME Documentation Status Table.

### License

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

A copy of the GNU General Public License is included with the GNOME documentation. You also may obtain a copy from the Free Software Foundation by visiting their Web site or by writing to

Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place - Suite 330
Boston, MA 02111-1307
USA

## Aplique Montador de Discos

El Aplique`Montador de Discos`, que puede ver en Figura 65, permite montar y desmontar en su ordenador fácil y rápidamente diversos tipos de unidades y sistemas de ficheros. Para añadirlo a su Panel, pulse con el botón derecho sobre el Panel y escoja Panel->Add to panel->Aplique->Utilidades->Montador de Discos.

Figura 65. Aplique Montador de Discos

| Información general para principiantes

Muchos de los sistemas de ficheros de Linux y Unix han de ser montados y desmontados manualmente. Para leer y escribir en un sistema de ficheros se ha de montar previamente. Una vez termine de utilizarlo debería desmontarlo. Desmontar las unidades removibles, como disquetes o discos Zip, antes de sacar el disco es especialmente importante ya que los sistemas Linux o Unix no siempre graban los cambios en el momento. Normalmente los cambios se guardan temporalmente en un buffer para mejorar la velocidad del sistema. Las particiones de los discos fijos, como su disco duro, normalmente se montan automáticamente al arrancar el ordenador y se desmontan al cerrar el sistema. Las unidades removibles se han de montar y desmontar manualmente, usando, por ejemplo, el aplique `Montador de Discos`.

El "sistema de ficheros raíz" es el principal de los de su ordenador y comienza en "/" (raíz). Otros sistemas de ficheros se asocian a directorios del sistema de ficheros raíz. A estos se les conoce como "puntos de montaje", que son simples directorios vacíos. Cuando se monta un sistema de ficheros, su contenido aparece dentro de este directorio. Por ejemplo, la mayoría de sistemas crean un punto de montaje "/mnt/floppy" que mientras no monte la disquetera será solo un directorio vacío y al montarla su contenido será el del disquete.

### Uso

Para montar o desmontar una unidad, simplemente pulse sobre el icono del aplique `Montador de Discos` con el botón izquierdo del ratón. En el caso de aquellas unidades que pueden expulsar su disco como la mayoría de CDROM's y unidades JAZ, puede hacerlo pulsando sobre su icono con el botón derecho del ratón y seleccionando Expulsar. Para navegar por el contenido de la unidad con el `Gestor de Ficheros de GNOME`, seleccione Navegar….

Pulsando el botón derecho sobre el aplique hace aparecer un menú con las siguientes opciones:

- Navegar… — muestra el contenido de la unidad con el `Gestor de Ficheros de GNOME`. Para que funcione la unidad ha de estar montada.

- Expulsar — expulsa el medio de almacenamiento de aquellas unidades capaces de hacerlo, como puedan ser las unidades CDROM o JAZZ.

- Propiedades… — abre el diálogo de `Propiedades`.

- Ayuda — muestra este documento.

- Acerca… — muestra información básica sobre el Aplique`Montador de Discos` , incluyendo la versión del aplique y el nombre de sus autores.

Si deja descansar el cursor sobre el aplique aparecerá un tooltip con el punto de montaje y el estado de la unidad, como puede ver en Figura 66.

Figura 66. El Aplique Montador de discos enseñando un tooltip

### Personalización

Usted puede personalizar el aplique `Montador de Discos` pulsando con el botón derecho y escogiendo Propiedades…. Se abrirá el diálogo de Propiedades (puede verlo en Figura 67), que le permite cambiar varios parámetros.

Figura 67. El diálogo de Propiedades

Las propiedades son:

- `Punto de Montaje` — Este es el punto que se utiliza para montar la unidad. Si no esta familiarizado con los puntos de montaje, este es un directorio vacío que tendrá el contenido de la unidad cuando este montada. Los puntos de montaje pueden estar en cualquier parte del sistema de ficheros, pero por convención todos los puntos de montaje para unidades removibles se ponen en el directorio `/mnt`

- `Actualización en segundos` — Este es el intervalo en segundos que espera el aplique `Montador de Discos` para refrescar su icono comprobando el estado del montaje. Esta opción solo tiene sentido si a veces monta o desmonta la unidad con otra orden o aplicación además del aplique `Montador de Discos`.

- `Icono` — Determina los iconos (uno cuando no esta montada y otro si lo esta) que mostrará para la unidad Hay conjuntos de iconos para los tipos de unidad más comunes(disquetes, CDROM, Zip, disco duro, y JAZ). Los puede ver en Figura 68. También puede escoger Personalizado; que le permite especificar sus iconos particulares.

  Figura 68. Iconos para diversos tipos de unidades montadas y no montadas

  Dese cuenta que Figura 68 muestra los iconos correspondientes al estado no montado y montado de (de izquierda a derecha) unidad de disquete, CDROM, Zip, JAZ, y disco duro.

- `Icono personalizado para el estado montado` — Un icono personalizado que se mostrará cuando la unidad este montada. Esta opción solo estará disponible si en Icono: se ha seleccionado la opción "Personalizado".

- `Icono personalizado para el estado desmontado` — Un icono personalizado que se mostrará cuando la unidad no este montada. Esta opción solo estará disponible si en Icono: se ha seleccionado la opción "Personalizado".

- Escalar el tamaño al del panel — Seleccionando esta opción el tamaño de los iconos montado y desmontado se escala para que coincida con el del Panel. Si esta opción esta desactivada el tamaño de los iconos sera fijo, con independencia del tamaño del Panel. Seleccionar esta opción normalmente ayuda a mejorar el aspecto. Para tamaños muy reducidos del Panel, puede valer la pena desactivar esta opción ya que mejora la visibilidad del aplique al forzarlo a aparecer más grande y rotado.

- Usar la amigable prueba del estado automontado — Seleccione esta opción si utiliza automount, sino dejela desactivada.

  | Información para usuarios avanzados
  | La orden predeterminada que utiliza el aplique `Montador de Discos` para averiguar si una unidad esta montada es stat. Si el usuario utiliza `automount` puede provocar que se monte automáticamente la unidad. Si se activa este botón utilizará en su lugar la orden mount para evitar que `automount` monte la unidad. El botón esta desactivado por defecto porque mount gasta más cpu que stat.

Después de efectuar sus cambios, pulse el botón OK para aplicar los cambios y cerrar el diálogo de Propiedades Apply. Para deshacer los cambios y recuperar los valores anteriores pulse el botón Close Properties

### Configurando el Sistema

| Para usuarios avanzados
| Esta sección esta pensada para administradores de sistemas y usuarios avanzados.

Para configurar correctamente el Aplique `Montador de Discos` , el administrador del sistema puede necesitar los privilegios de root Esta sección hace una introducción muy básica.

En `/etc/fstab` se guarda la información del punto de montaje y tipo de sistema de ficheros que corresponde a cada unidad. Este fichero se puede configurar manualmente o usando la aplicación `linuxconf`. Cuando la unidad pueda contener más de un tipo de sistema de ficheros (como sería el caso de la disquetera que puede tener sistemas de ficheros msdos o ext2), debería usar la opción "auto". A cada unidad le corresponde una sola linea de `/etc/fstab` como:

        /dev/fd0        /mnt/floppy      auto    noauto,rw,user  0 0

Esta entrada describe la primera disquetera (/dev/fd0) indicando que su punto de montaje es `/mnt/floppy`, que su tipo de sistema de ficheros debería detectarse automáticamente ya que no es fijo, y las siguientes opciones de configuración: "noauto"— No montar automáticamente al arrancar el ordenador "rw"— Habilitar lectura y escritura en la unidad, y "user"— Los usuarios pueden montar la unidad. Todas estas opciones, y los dos campos finales que no hemos descrito, se discuten en detalla en la pagina del manual de fstab a la que puede acceder tecleando man fstab o a través del `Visualizador de ayuda de GNOME`.

La aplicación `linuxconf` proporciona un interfaz gráfico para controlar los sistemas de ficheros. Para arrancar `linuxconf` , solo ha de teclear `linuxconf`, en una ventana con el interprete de ordenes (Ha de haber entrado en el sistema como root). Escoja Config->filesystems->Access local drive. Para editar una entrada, solo ha de seleccionarla. `linuxconf` trata de ser fácil de usar y cuenta con su propio sistema de ayuda para conducirle durante todo el proceso. También puede añadir nuevas entradas seleccionando el botón Add.

### Solución de problemas y comprensión de los mensajes de error

Si su sistema no esta configurado adecuadamente se puede encontrar con ciertos mensajes de error al tratar de montar y desmontar algunas unidades. Aquí tiene una lista de los mensajes más habituales y sus causas:

- "mount: /dev/fd0 is not a valid block device"— Habitualmente este error se produce por que la unidad (en este ejemplo, /dev/fd0, es decir la unidad de disquetes) esta vacía.

- "mount: only root can mount /dev/fda on /mnt/floppy"— No esta autorizado a montar la unidad. Pongase en contacto con el administrador del sistema para que le otorgue los permisos necesarios.

  | Nota para Administradores de Sistemas

  Para conseguir que los usuarios puedan montar y desmontar la unidad ha de añadir "user" a las opciones de montaje (cuarta columna) de `/etc/fstab`. Se puede hacer manualmente o con `linuxconf`, escogiendo el apartado `Local volume` en Config->Filesystems->Access local drive. Después de escoger la unidad en la lista, le mostrará las `Volume specifications`. Pulse en el apartado `Options` y active el botón User mountable.

- "mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/cdrom, or too many mounted file systems"— Este error puede tener varias causas. La más habitual es no haber acertado con el tipo de sistema de ficheros, como pueda ser tratar de montar un CDROM de música como si contuviera datos o un disquete msdos como si su formato fuera ext2.

- "mount /mnt/cdrom 2>&1 reported: mount: No medium found"— Este error indica que la unidad, en este caso la unidad CDROM, esta vacía.

- "umount /mnt/cdrom 2>&1 reported: umount: /mnt/cdrom: device is busy"— Este error indica que la unidad no se puede desmontar por que esta siendo utilizada por el ordenador. A menudo se produce al tener abierto un directorio de la unidad en el `Gestor de ficheros` o por que el directorio de trabajo de un terminal de una de sus ventanas es de la unidad.

- "umount: can't find /mnt/floppy in /etc/fstab or /etc/mtab "— Indica que su sistema no tiene configurado el punto de montaje que trata de utilizar Muchas veces se debe a un error al rellenar la casilla de `punto de montaje` en el Diálogo de Propiedades (vea la sección de nombre Personalización). Para averiguar el punto de montaje correcto, pongase en contacto con el administrador de su sistema

  | Nota para usuarios avanzados
  | Cada dispositivo(sistema de ficheros o unidad) a montar debería estar reflejado en el fichero de configuración `/etc/fstab` La lectura de este fichero le indicará que dispositivos están configurados en su sistema. Para añadir o modificar las entradas puede editarlas manualmente o utilizar `linuxconf`.

- "mount: /dev/fd0 already mounted or /mnt/floppy busy mount: according to mtab, /dev/fd0 is mounted on /mnt/floppy_ext2 "— Este error se produce si un dispositivo (en este caso /dev/fd0) esta configurado para varios puntos de montaje y intenta montarlo en uno de ellos cuando ya esta montado en otro. Normalmente no hay ninguna necesidad de tener varios puntos de montaje para un solo dispositivo.

- "mount: the kernel does not recognize /dev/sda4 as a block device(maybe 'insmod driver'?)"— Pongase en contacto con el administrador de su sistema. Este error se produce si el núcleo de su sistema no esta configurado para cargar automáticamente los módulos del núcleo para estos dispositivos.

### Errores y limitaciones conocidos

Expulsar No siempre funciona. Cuando se intenta expulsar una unidad montada no se da un mensaje de aviso de esta circunstancia.

## GNOME KeyBoard Applet

`GNOME KeyBoard Applet`, shown with its default configuration in Figura 69, allows you to easily and quickly change the keyboard map to those used in various different countries. To add this applet to a Panel, right-click on the Panel and choose Panel->Add to panel->Applet->Utility->GKB KeyBoard Switcher.

Figura 69. GNOME KeyBoard Applet

### Usage

Once configured, the `GNOME Keyboard` applet allows you to switch the keyboard mapping between any number of keyboard layout. Just left-click on the applet or press Alt-Shift to switch the keyboard mapping.

Right-clicking on the applet brings up a menu containing the following items:

- Properties… — opens the `Properties` dialog.

- Help — displays this document.

- About… — shows basic information about `GNOME KeyBoard Applet`, including the applet's version and the author's name.

### Customization

You can customize `GNOME KeyBoard` applet by right-clicking on it and choosing Properties…. This will open the Properties dialog (shown in Figura 70), which allows you to add, modify, and remove keymaps, as well as to configure the applet's appearance.

Figura 70. Properties dialog

The Properties dialog box has two tabs: `Keymaps` and `Options`. On the `Keymaps` tab, you can Add, Edit, Delete or change the order of keyboard layouts. On the `Options` tab you can set the appearance of the applet (flag, label or flag+label) and its size (Normal or Big), as well as the key sequence to use to get GKB to switch between keyboard layouts (see la sección de nombre Known Bugs and Limitations section.)

#### Setting keyboard layouts for you language

Setting up keymaps can consist in one or more of the following steps:

- Adding a required keyboard layout — On the `Keymaps` tab, click on the Add button. The tree shown in Figura 71 allows you to choose the keymap best suited for you, based on the language and the country involved.

  Figura 71. Select Layout dialog

  To add a keymap, click on the + sign preceeding the languge you want to set. A list of coutries where the given language is used appears. Again, click on the + preceeding the country chosen, and a list of keymaps shows up. Select the keymap you would like to use and click Add. Your keymap gets added to the list on the GKB Properties window. You may add another keymap or click Close to close the Select Layout dialog.

- Editing an existing keyboard layout — Selecting a keymap and pressing the Edit brings up the Edit keymap window (see Figura 72).

  Figura 72. Edit keymap dialog

  On this dialog, you can modify different properties of the keymap. These properties are:

  - `Name`: The name of the keymap, as shown in the GKB Properties window and in the hint appearing when you move your mouse over the applet.

  - `Label`: This is the label that appears when you set "Label" or "Flag+Label" modes. See la sección de nombre Miscellaneous options for more details.

  - `Language`: This option will be used in Gnome 2.0. It has no effect right now.

  - `Country`: This option will be used in Gnome 2.0. It has no effect right now.

  - `Flag`: This is the place where you can set the flag to be displayed with the given keyboard layout.

  - `Architecture`:This option will be used in Gnome 2.0. It has no effect right now.

  - `Type`: This option will be used in Gnome 2.0. It has no effect right now.

  - `Code page`: This option will be used in Gnome 2.0. It has no effect right now.

  - `Command`: This is the command which `GNOME KeyBoard` will use to change the keymap. The default is to use the gkb_xmmap `xmodmap-file-extension` command, where `xmodmap-file-extension` should be replaced by the extension of the xmodmap file you want to use.

    | Finding keyboard layouts availble on your system
    | On a typical Linux system, xmodmap files can be found under the directory `/usr/share/xmodmap`.

    To set the keymap to a US 101 key keyboard, for example, you would use gkb_xmmap us-101.

    If this doesn't work, you may also try setting the keyboard using command setxkbmap `LC` where `LC` is the two letter country code of your locale. (for example, setxkbmap fr to use a French keyboard). Finally, if you have your own keyboard layout (xmodmap) file, set the command to xmodmap `xmodmap-filename` (for example, xmodmap ~/xrus/yawerty.koi8.xmm to use keyboard layout for Cyrillic letters in koi8 encoding). Please see la sección de nombre Technical information for more information.

- Removing a keyboard layout that is no longer needed — To remove a keyboard, select it (click on it in the GKB Properties window) and click the Delete button.

- Reordering keyboard layouts — The order in which the keyboard layouts become active as you click on the applet or press the hot key depends on the order they appear in the list in the Properties window. The layout that is displayed at the top of the list will become the default layout when you close the Properties window. To change the order in the list, select the keymap to be moved, and click Up or Down as appropriate.

After you have made all the changes you want, click on Apply to apply the changes or on OK to apply the changes and close the Properties dialog. To cancel the changes and return to previous values, click the Close button. The Help button brings up this chapter of the on-line help.

#### Miscellaneous options

Different options allow you to customize the look of your applet. As a new feature, you can select between three different display modes:

- Flag mode — The flag associated to the keymap is displayed on the Panel.

- Label mode — No flag is displayed, only the label associated with the keymap.

- Flag and label mode — Both flag and label associated with the keymap are displayed.

Many users have reported, that the applet takes too much room on the panel. You can now set the applets size from the `Applet size` pull down list. Set the size to Normal if you want a smaller applet. If you have plenty of space or like nice big flags on you panel, set the option to Big.

An often formulated user wish was to implement the keymap switching using hotkeys. The developers proudly announce, that keyboard initiated switching now works. The hotkey combination that allows to change keymaps is set to Alt-Shift (Alt being the left Alt key). You can customize this hotkey sequence from the GKB Properties window's `Options` tab. Click on the Grab hotkey button and press the keys you want to set. The key combination is displayed in the input box near the button (you may see something like: Control-Shift_R). Finally, click on Apply or OK to finalize the new settings.

### Technical information

Normally you do not need these details - but if something is not working, or you are just curious, read on.

`GNOME Keyboard` switches the keyboard map by issuing a command to X Window System. X Window System has two mechanisms for setting keyboard mapping: older one called "xmodmap" and a newer one, based on the so-called "Xkb extension". If you have Xkb enabled, you should use it and switch keyboard layouts by issuing a command setxkbmap `LC`. It comes with a number of various keyboard layout files, usually in directory `/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/symbols`.

If you do not have Xkb extension enabled, or if it just does not cover the language you need, you should use the older xmodmap mechanism. In this case, you need to have a file which describes keyboard layout in a special format (see manual page for xmodmap for details), and the command should be xmodmap `filename` . `GNOME Keyboard` includes a number of keyboard layout files, which are installed in the directory `/usr/share/xmodmap`; these files have names like `xmodmap.de`. To use one of these files, you can use the command gkb_xmmap `LC` which is equivalent to xmodmap /usr/share/xmodmap/xmodmap.`LC`: for example, gkb_xmmap hu is the same as xmodmap /usr/share/xmodmap/xmodmap.hu.

### Known Bugs and Limitations

- Languages and countries showing up in the Select layout dialog are not sorted in alphabetical order.

- The program has very few error handling routines implemented. If you try to feed it something unusual, it may crash.

- If it does not crash, it returns the error: "The keymap switching returned an error". If the Edit window is open when this error appears and you press the OK button on this window, it is likely that nothing will happen. Try closing the Edit window first and then the error window.

### Authors

`GNOME KeyBoard` was written by Szabolcs Ban (`<shooby@gnome.hu>`). Please send all comments, suggestions, and bug reports to the GNOME bug tracking database. (Instructions for submitting bug reports can be found on-line). You can also use `Bug Report Tool` (bug-buddy), available in the Utilities submenu of Main Menu, for submitting bug reports.

This manual was originally written by Szabolcs (Shooby) Ban (`<shooby@gnome.hu>`) and Dan Mueth (`<d-mueth@uchicago.edu>`). It has been rewritten (strongly based on the original) by Emese Kovacs (`<emese@gnome.hu>`) to reflect changes from v1.2 to v1.4. The Technical Information section has been added by Alexander Kirillov (`<kirillov@math.sunysb.edu>`). Please send all comments and suggestions regarding this manual to the GNOME Documentation Project by sending an email to `<docs@gnome.org>`. You can also submit comments online by using the GNOME Documentation Status Table.

## GNOTES! Applet

`GNOTES!` applet, shown in Figura 73, allows you to cover your GNOME desktop with little, yellow, virtual sticky-notes. To learn how to add this applet to a Panel, right-click on the Panel and choose Panel->Add to panel->Applet->Utility->GNotes!.

Figura 73. GNOTES!

### Usage

This applet places a yellow sticky-note on your desktop. To use it, left-click on the GNOTES! icon to make a new note appear on your desktop. After creating a new note, you may then left-click within the yellow area of the note to begin adding text to it.

### Right-Click Pop-Up Menu Items

In addition to the standard menu items, the right-click pop-up menu has the following items:

- Properties… — opens the Properties dialog which allows you to customize the appearance and behavior of this applet.

- Help — displays this document.

- About… — shows basic information about `APPLET Applet`, inluding the applet's version and the author's name.

- Raise Notes — causes all your notes to appear above any overlapping windows.

- Lower Notes — causes all your notes to be hidden below any overlapping windows.

- Hide Notes — causes all your notes to become hidden from view. It does not destroy your notes.

- Show Notes — brings your notes back into view if you used the Hide Notes menu command.

### Right-Clicking on the Left Border of Individual Notes

You may also right-click on the left border of each of the notes on your desktop to change their individual properties.

- Raise Note — This menu item causes your note to appear above any overlapping windows.

- Lower Note — This menu item causes your note to be placed below any overlapping windows.

- Hide Note — This menu item causes your note to become hidden from view. It does not destroy your note.

- Destroy Note — This menu item permanently removes your note from the desktop. Unlike Hide Notes, you may not recover your note.

### Properties

You can configure `GNOTES!` applet by right-clicking on the applet and choosing the Properties... menu item. This will open the Properties dialog, shown in Figure 2.

Figura 74. Properties Dialog

To change the default size at which your notes appear on the desktop, you may either click on the up and down arrows, or type values (in pixels) directly into the fields next to the `Default Height` and `Default Width` labels.

After you have made all the changes you want, click on OK to apply the changes and close the Properties dialog. To cancel the changes and return to previous values, click the Cancel button.

### Known Bugs and Limitations

Setting the `Default Height` or `Default Width` may cause the `GNOTES` to crash.

After first adding `GNOTES!` to your Panel, clicking on the first note you create may cause a second note to be created on your desktop.

### Authors

This applet was writen by spoon `<spoon@ix.netcom.com>` and dres `<dres@debian.org>`. Please send all comments, suggestions, and bug reports to the GNOME bug tracking database. (Instructions for submitting bug reports can be found on-line. If you are using GNOME 1.1 or later, you can also use `Bug Report Tool` (bug-buddy), available in the Utilities submenu of Main Menu, for submitting bug reports.

The documentation for this applet which you are reading now was written by Michael Hall `<mphall@cstone.net>`. Please send all comments and suggestions regarding this manual to the GNOME Documentation Project by sending an email to `<docs@gnome.org>`. You can also submit comments online by using the GNOME Documentation Status Table.

## GNOME Weather Applet

`GNOME Weather` applet, shown in Figura 75, retrieves and displays various weather information. To add this applet to a Panel, right-click on the Panel and choose Panel->Add to panel->Applet->Utility->GNOME Weather.

Figura 75. GNOME Weather Applet

### Usage

`GNOME Weather` displays the current temperature and weather conditions in numeric and iconified form inside the applet. For further information, double-click on the applet. This will open up the Weather Information Window, shown in Figura 76. This displays the current weather information and either a one-day or five-day forecast.

Figura 76. Weather Information Window

Right-clicking on the applet brings up a menu containing the following items:

- Update — refreshes the weather information and display.

- Properties… — opens the `Properties` dialog.

- Help — displays this document.

- About… — shows basic information about `GNOME Weather Applet`, inluding the applet's version and the author's name.

### Customization

You can customize `GNOME Weather` applet by right-clicking on it and choosing Properties…. This will open the Properties dialog(shown in Figura 77), which allows you to change various settings.

Figura 77. Properties dialog

The properties in the `Basic` tab are:

- Update Interval — This option determines how often `GNOME Weather` will connect to the server(s) and retrieve weather information. Current conditions, forecast and radar map (if enabled) will be downloaded

  | Note About Server Updates
  | Note that the `Update Interval` only determines how often your computer downloads information from the server(s). The update time shown in the Current Conditions tab (viewed by double-clicking on the applet) indicates when those measurements were renewed on the server, rather than when they were last retrieved.

  | Disabling Automatic Updates and Using Manual Updates
  | You can disable automatic updates by unchecking the `Update enabled` box. On the other hand, you can also force `GNOME Weather` to perform an update by choosing the corresponding option in the popup menu. These two options are very useful if you have an intermitant internet connection, such as a laptop or modem provides.

- Update enabled — Select this if you would like `GNOME Weather` to automatically download the latest weather information at the time interval specified by `Update`. Deselect this if you would only like weather updates to be done manually, by right-clicking on the applet and selecting Update.

- Use metric — By default `GNOME Weather` uses the imperial system of units. Select this box to use metric units. The units used are shown in Tabla 1.

  Tabla 1. Measurement Units

  Quantity | Metric | Imperial
  --- | --- | ---
  Temperature | deg Celsius | deg Farenheit
  Windspeed | km/h | mph
  Pressure | mmHg | inHg
  Visibility | km | miles

- Detailed Forecast — Select this if you would like `GNOME Weather` to retrieve the full five day forecast for your particular area. Note that these forecasts may not be available for some locations.

  The forecast retrieved when this button is not selected is a brief forecast for the broader area containing the selected location (usually the entire state) and typically is a 5-day forecast.

  | Forecast Availability
  | Note that the detailed forecasts downloaded from IWIN are available only for US cities.

The properties in the `Network` tab should be used if your computer is located behind a firewall. These properties are:

- Use proxy — Select this button if your computer is behind a firewall and you must use an HTTP proxy to access the Web.

- Proxy host — Enter your proxy host IP address here (if you are using a HTTP proxy).

- Username — Enter your username here.

- Password — Enter your password here. (Note that this password will be saved in a private configuration file but will not be encrypted.)

The `Location` tab allows you to specify the geographic location that you would like `GNOME Weather` applet to display the weather information for. Click on any plus (+) symbol to expand the tree or any minus (-) symbol to collapse a tree branch. Select the city or region by clicking with the first mouse button.

Locations are organized in a three-level hierarchy. The top level contains broader geographical areas, the second contains sub-regions of these areas and the last contains the particular locations. This hierarchy is essentially based on the way information is organized in the US NWS (National Weather Service), and that is the reason that the US and Canada appear on the topmost level.

After you have made all the changes you want, click on OK to apply the changes and close the Properties dialog. To cancel the changes and return to previous values, click the Cancel button.

### Further Information

`GNOME Weather` has a homepage at http://gweather.dhs.org/. Here you can find the latest Locations file, which is periodically updated with new cities, as sent in by users. If your city is not included in the distribution, please send an email to Spiros Papadimitriou (`<spapadim+@cs.cmu.edu>`) with the necessary information and it will be included in the next release.

You may also want to visit the homepage if you are curious to see what's new.

### Known Bugs and Limitations

#### Blocking Input/Output

Even though `GNOME Weather` now uses non-blocking I/O to retrieve data from the network, there are still some steps that block execution. Most notably, establishing a TCP connection to remote hosts is a blocking operation. Because the NWS and IWIN web servers are often heavily loaded, this step may take a significant amount of time. While that happens, the application is unable to respond to CORBA requests from the Panel. In its current implementation, the Panel iterates through all applications and sends frequent CORBA requests (eg. for saving state). If an applet cannot respond for any reason, then the Panel will block waiting for a response.

While the Panel is blocked, it will not respond to any user (or application) requests. For instance, Panel movement and Panel menus (the ones that appear upon a right click) will not work. However, other applets in the Panel should work (unless they have made a CORBA request to the Panel, eg. for querying Panel size). As soon as the blocking operation in `GNOME Weather` completes, things should return to normal (and user interface requests that were buffered will be executed).

There is an experimental version of `GNOME Weather` that uses a separate thread for HTTP processing, which may be incorporated (temporarily) in the next release. However, the final solution is `gnome-vfs` which will be part of GNOME 2.0 and will offer cross-platform support for fully asynchronous I/O.

### Frequently Asked Questions

This is a list of frequently asked questions about `GNOME Weather`. For further information and updates, please visit the GNOME Weather homepage. If your question is still unresolved, you can email the author at `<spapadim+gweather@cs.cmu.edu>`.

#### Why does GNOME Weather freezes my Panel?

This is due to the blocking nature of certain network operations (see also la sección de nombre Blocking Input/Output) and due to the way the Panel currently works.

#### Why does location list appears empty?

This is probably because the `Locations` file was not installed in the proper place. This is usually because `GNOME Weather` and GNOME were not configured in the same way. The file containing the locations must be installed in the `gweather` subdirectory, under the gnome data directory. You can find out the latter with the `gnome-config --datadir` command.

If you have compiled gnome-applets yourself, make sure that you have used `configure --prefix=`gnome-config --prefix` --sysconfdir=`gnome-config --sysconfdir``. Binary RPMs assume a that the prefix and sysconfdir are `/usr` and `/etc`, respectively. If you have compiled GNOME yourself with different options, you need to download and compile gnome-applets yourself.

#### Why does GNOME Weather display a question mark and dashes for current conditions?

This will happen if `GNOME Weather` cannot access the NWS server for any reason. This may be because your network connection is down, or the NWS server is down, or maybe the NWS server does not currently have any information about your location.

#### Why does GNOME Weather say that a forecast is not available?

If you have enabled detailed forecasts, then it is possible that one may not be available for your location. In this case, try disabling detailed forecasts.

Another possible reason is that the IWIN server is down and `GNOME Weather` cannot retrieve forecast information. The problem should go away as soon as the IWIN server is up again.

### Authors

`GNOME Weather` was written by Spiros Papadimitriou (`<spapadim+@cs.cmu.edu>`). Please send all comments, suggestions, and bug reports to the GNOME bug tracking database. (Instructions for submitting bug reports can be found on-line. If you are using GNOME 1.1 or later, you can also use `Bug Report Tool` (bug-buddy), available in the Utilities submenu of Main Menu, for submitting bug reports.

This manual was written by Spiros Papadimitriou (`<spapadim+@cs.cmu.edu>`) and Dan Mueth (`<d-mueth@uchicago.edu>`). Please send all comments and suggestions regarding this manual to the GNOME Documentation Project by sending an email to `<docs@gnome.org>`. You can also submit comments online by using the GNOME Documentation Status Table.

## El Aplique Mini-Commander

`El aplique Mini-Commander`, que puede ver en Figura 78, añade una linea de ordenes a su Panel. Panel. Sus funciones incluyen compleción de ordenes, historial, macros modificables y un reloj interno opcional. Su sistema de macros facilita su uso para tareas tan diversas como arrancar un programa (o una pequeña macro), ver una pagina web o buscar una pagina info o de manual, etc. `Mini-Commander` puede despegarse del Panel usando un tirador lateral opcional, lo cual es especialmente útil en los paneles verticales.

Para añadir este aplique a un Panel, pulse sobre él con el boton derecho y escoja Panel->Add to panel->Applet->Utility->Mini-Commander.

Figura 78. El Aplique Mini-Commander

### Uso

Para arrancar un programa o ejecutar una orden, entre su nombre y pulse return. Para buscar una orden o aplicación en su sistema de ficheros pulse sobre el pequeño circulo de la esquina inferior.

`Mini-Commander` ofrece compleción de ordenes (similar a la de otros interpretes de ordenes de usuario). A menudo no hace falta teclear todo el nombre, basta con los primeros caracteres y la tecla tabulador. `Mini-Commander`; intentará completar el nombre del programa tal como hacen la mayoría de shells UNIX.

`Mini-Commander`,al igual que la mayoría de los shells UNIX, también guarda un historial de ordenes que permite recuperar las ultimas ordenes introducidas con las teclas flecha arriba o flecha abajo. Para evitar duplicidades no se guardan en el historial las repeticiones consecutivas de la misma orden. También puede acceder a la lista de historial del aplique pulsando el pequeño icono flecha abajo y seleccionando una de las ordenes de la lista.

`Mini-Commander` puede utilizar macros. Viene con varias macros predefinidas. Por ejemplo, si entra term:`orden` se ejecutará `orden` en una ventana de terminal. O si entra una URL se mostrará en su navegador de web. Ademas puede añadir sus propias macros e incluso cambiar las predefinidas.

Pulsando sobre sobre el aplique con el botón derecho aparece un menú con las siguientes opciones:

- Propiedades… — abre el diálogo de `Propiedades`.

- Ayuda — muestra este documento.

- Acerca… — muestra información básica sobre el Aplique `Mini-commander` , como el nombre de los autores y la versión.

### Personalización

Puede personalizar `Mini-Commander` pulsando sobre el con el botón derecho y escogiendo Propiedades…. Se abrirá el diálogo de Propiedades (puede verlo en Figura 79), ue le permite cambiar varios parámetros del aplique.

Figura 79. Diálogo de Propiedades: Apartado General

Las propiedades de este apartado `General` son:

- Mostrar la hora — Si se marca este botón, se mostrará la hora en la esquina inferior del aplique.

- Mostrar la fecha — Si se marca este botón, se mostrará la fecha en la esquina inferior del aplique.

- Mostrar el tirador — Si marca este botón, se añadirá un tirador lateral al aplique, que permite despegarlo del Panel. Para volver a insertarlo solo ha de arrastrarlo hasta el interior del Panel.

- Muestra marco — Si se marca este botón, se dibujará un marco negro delgado alrededor del aplique.

- Activar auto-compleción basada en el historial — Si se selecciona este botón `Mini-Commander` usará la lista de historial completar sus ordenes automáticamente.

- Anchura del aplique — Entre aquí la anchura que desea para el aplique.

- Altura del aplique — Entre aquí la altura que desea para el aplique.

- Altura de la linea de ordenes — (Esta función esta desactivada.)

- Color de la linea de ordenes — Seleccione el color del texto que usted entra.

- Color de fondo de la linea de ordenes — Seleccione el color de fondo para el texto que usted entra.

El apartado de `Macros` tiene una lista de hasta 99 macros, cada una de las cuales se compone de una expresión regular (`Regex`) y una macro (`Macro`). Entre en la columna izquierda la expresión regular que `Mini-Commander` ha de emparejar, y la macro correspondiente, que será ejecutada, en la derecha. Para aprender a definir sus propias macros puede aprovechar que muchas macros de utilidad general estan ya definidas.

Después de efectuar sus cambios, pulse el botón OK para aplicar los cambios y cerrar el diálogo de Propiedades. Para deshacer los cambios y recuperar los valores anteriores pulse el botón Cerrar.

### Preguntas de uso frecuente

Aquí se relacionan una serie de preguntas de uso frecuente y las correspondientes respuestas:

1. ¿Por que no puedo dar el foco de teclado a `Mini-Commander`?

1. ¿Por que no puedo dar el foco de teclado a `Mini-Commander`?

Este es un problema que arrastra a confusión. Las razones de su origen son diversas y solo se da en ciertas circunstancias.

Cuando no se puede dar nunca el foco a `Mini-Commander` lo más probable es que el problema provenga de su Gestor de Ventanas. Si es su caso me sería de gran ayuda que me enviará un pequeño mensaje detallando que Gestor de Ventanas utiliza (nombre y versión).

A veces ocurre que `Mini-Commander` solo recibe el foco de teclado la primera vez y después ya no hay manera de que lo reciba. En estos momentos se desconoce el origen del problema.

### Errores y Limitaciones conocidos

A veces es imposible dar el foco a `Mini-Commander` después de la primera vez.

### Información adicional

Para obtener más información sobre el aplique `Mini-Commander` , puede dirigirse a su su pagina web http://www.maruhn.com/mini-commander/.

## Printer Applet

`Printer` applet, shown in Figura 80, allows you to print files by dragging them onto the applet from the desktop or file manager. To add this applet to a Panel, right-click on the Panel and choose Panel->Add to panel->Applet->Utility->Printer Applet.

Figura 80. Printer Applet

### Usage

To print a file from your desktop or file manager, drag the file onto the `printer` applet.

### Right-Click Pop-Up Menu Items

Right-clicking on the applet brings up a menu containing the following items:

- Properties... — This menu item opens the Properties dialog (see la sección de nombre Properties) which allows you to customize the appearance and behavior of this applet.

- Help — displays this document.

- About… — shows basic information about the `Printer Applet`, including the applet's version and the author's name.

### Properties

You can configure `printer` applet by right-clicking on the applet and choosing the Properties... menu item. This will open the Properties dialog, shown in Figura 81.

Figura 81. Properties Dialog

To change the label displayed at the bottom of the `printer` applet, ("Print" in Figura 80 en la sección de nombre Printer Applet) type a new name in the `Printer name` field. This setting is useful if you have more than one printer available for use and wish to add a `printer` applet to the Panel for each printer. The `Printer name` does not determine which printer your file will be printed to, it exists as an easy means to to distinguish between printers should you have more than one `printer` applet installed on your Panel.

To change the command the `printer` applet uses to print your files, you may enter a new command in the `Print command` field. By default, the `printer` applet uses the command lpr, which is common to many systems. Your system may use a different command. If you're unsure, check your system's documentation.

| Note for advanced users
| If you have more than one printer, you may designate which printer to send files to by changing the `Print command` setting. For instance, if your system uses the command lpr to print files and you need to print your file on the printer named "ljet5", you would change the `Print command` setting to lpr -Pljet5.

After you have made all the changes you want, click on OK to apply the changes and close the Properties dialog. To cancel the changes and return to previous values, click the Close button.

### Known Bugs and Limitations

There are no known bugs in the `printer` applet.

### Authors

`Printer Applet` was written by Miguel de Icaza (`<miguel@kernel.org>`) and Federico Mena (`<quartic@gimp.org>`). Please send all comments, suggestions, and bug reports to the GNOME bug tracking database. (Instructions for submitting bug reports can be found on-line. You also can use `Bug Report Tool` (bug-buddy), available in the Utilities submenu of Main Menu, for submitting bug reports.

This manual was written by Michael Hall (`<mphall@cstone.net>`). Please send all comments and suggestions regarding this manual to the GNOME Documentation Project by sending an email to `<docs@gnome.org>`. You can also submit comments online by using the GNOME Documentation Status Table.

## QuickLaunch Applet

`QuickLaunch` is an applet which holds application launchers. It shrinks the launcher icons to their smallest size to save room on your panel. The example `QuickLaunch Applet` shown in Figura 82 contains eight GNOME application launchers in a standard-sized Panel. To add this applet to a Panel, right-click on the Panel and choose Panel->Add to panel->Applet->Utility->QuickLaunch.

Figura 82. QuickLaunch Applet

### Usage

To add a launcher to the `QuickLaunch` applet, just drag it from its current position (either on a Panel or in the Main Menu) onto the `QuickLaunch` applet using the left mouse button. To remove a launcher from the `QuickLaunch` applet, just right-click on the launcher and select `Delete launcher`. To configure the properties of a launcher which is in your `QuickLaunch` applet, right-click on the launcher and select `Launcher Properties…`.

The vertical bar at the left edge of the applet is used for easily moving the applet in your Panel. Grab the applet by depressing the left or center mouse button and then move the applet, releasing the mouse button when finished. This vertical bar is also used to access the applet menu items by right-clicking on this bar.

Right-clicking on the vertical bar on the left side of the applet brings up a menu containing the following items:

- Help — displays this document.

- About… — shows basic information about `APPLET Applet`, inluding the applet's version and the author's name.

### Known Bugs and Limitations

It is not possible to re-arrange launchers inside the `QuickLaunch` applet. It is also not possible to have multiple `QuickLaunch` applets with different contents.

### Authors

`QuickLaunch` applet was written by Fabio Gomes de Souza (`<fabiofb@altavista.net>`). Please send all comments, suggestions, and bug reports to the GNOME bug tracking database. (Instructions for submitting bug reports can be found on-line. If you are using GNOME 1.1 or later, you can also use `Bug Report Tool` (bug-buddy), available in the Utilities submenu of Main Menu, for submitting bug reports.

This manual was written by Dan Mueth (`<d-mueth@uchicago.edu>`). Please send all comments and suggestions regarding this manual to the GNOME Documentation Project by sending an email to `<docs@gnome.org>`. You can also submit comments online by using the GNOME Documentation Status Table.

## ScreenShooter Applet

`Screen-Shooter` is a handy little screengrabber which is simple to use. It sits in your panel and you can click on it to take a screenshot of either the whole desktop or just a single window.

To add the applet to your panel, you can right-click on an empty part of the panel and follow the sequence Applets->Utility->ScreenShooter.

### Usage

- To take a picture of the entire desktop, left-click on the image of a monitor. This button is the lower of the two on a normally-sized horizontal panel and the right-hand button on a narrow horizontal panel or a vertical panel.

- To take a picture of just one window, left-click on the image of a window. This button is the top one on a normally-sized horizontal panel and the left-hand one on a narrow horizontal panel or a vertical panel. The button will stay pressed in and the cursor will change to a cross. Move the cursor to the window you want a picture of, and click in that window to select it.

Right-clicking on the applet brings up a menu containing the usual options for an applet, including a Properties option described below.

### Settings

`Screen-Shooter` can be configured to do a number of different things. To configure `Screen-Shooter`, click on the applet with mouse button 3 (usually, right mouse button) and select Properties from the popup menu. The Preferences dialogue has seven sections described below. Five of these are visible initially: two more sections are available from a toggle in the first section.

### General Preferences

`Capture WM decorations when grabbing a window`

  The capture decorations checkbox controls whether or not the titlebar and edges of a window are included. It is only relevant when `Screen-Shooter` is taking a picture of a single window rather than of the whole screen or of a rectangle you have selected. The default is for this to be checked and for the titlebar and window borders to be included in the shot.

`Give audio feedback using the keyboard bell`

  The audio feedback checkbox controls whether or not `Screen-Shooter` will beep when it actually takes the shot. The default is to beep.

`Display spurious options`

  The spurious options checkbox controls whether some of `Screen-Shooter`'s more esoteric options are available. The default is off (i.e., they are not available). Checking this option makes two sections called Spurious 1 and Spurious 2 visible in the preferences dialogue.

`Delay before taking shot`

  When taking shots of the desktop, you can set a delay between clicking on the `Screen-Shooter` and the shot being taken. The delay can be up to one minute. This can be very useful when you want to focus on a particular window or if you want to bring up a menu.

`Compression quality`

  Compression quality does not refer to how tightly a file is compressed, but to how well it retains detail after compression. The higher the compression quality, the better the quality of the image, but the larger the size of the resulting file. It is relevant when you are saving something as a JPEG, a MIFF or a PNG file. The default compression quality is 75%.

`Create monochrome image`

  A fairly self-explanatory option: if this is selected, the resulting image will be in monochrome. This is off by default.

`Invert colours in image`

  Another self-explanatory option: if this is selected, the colours of the image are reversed so that white becomes black, pale purple becomes greenish, and so on. Lovely -- but rarely useful! Off by default.

### Files, Apps

`Directory to save file in`

  The directory to save the shot in must exist already: `Screen-Shooter` will not create it for you. If you try to save it to somewhere that does not exist, then no screenshot will be taken. The default directory is `~/`: your home directory.

`Filename for images`

  `Screen-Shooter` is designed to allow the user maximum flexibility in naming each shot. The filename field (as well as the directory field) is passed to a shell for normal shell expansion before being used. This allows you to use the output of programs, scripts or environment variables to name your shots. The reason for this is to allow unique filenames. By default, Screen-Shooter will create a name which is based on the time and date it was taken: this of course should always be unique. The default filename is ``date +%Y_%m_%d_%H%M%S`_shot.jpg`. As you can see, the filename includes the output of the date command in order to generate a datestamp. So it makes up a name based on the date, using the format the percentage symbols and letters tell it. Then it adds the rest of the name from outside the backticks to the date it has used. Explanations of the cryptic percentage symbols can be found in man date, but the arguments in the default filename are:

  %H

    The hour of the day (from 00 to 23)

  %M

    The minute of the hour (from 00 to 59)

  %S

    The second of the minute (from 00 to 60)

  %d

    The day of the month (from 01 to 31)

  %m

    The month of the year (from 01 to 12)

  %y

    The final two digits of the year

  Other examples of filenames you might use are:

  - `screenshot-`date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S`.jpg`

  - `pic-`date +%H%M%S`.png`

  - `myshot.jpg`

  - ``my_own_script_to_create_a_filename`.jpg`

  The filename suffix determines the filetype. Screen-Shooter supports what can only be described as a ridiculous number of different image formats. Try your luck. For a full list, type man convert. You can even try .html to create a client-side image map, and wild things like that.

  If your filename suffix is not something `Screen-Shooter` recognises, or you omit one, it will save the shot as a MIFF file. Use the convert utility to change the format later.

View screenshot after saving

  The `view screenshot` checkbox is unchecked by default. After checking it, you will get a view of the shot once it has been taken. You need to specify a viewer for this: the default is ee, which launches the `Electric Eyes` image viewing program.

### Thumbnails

`Create thumbnail of image too`

  None of the other options on this page will have any effect if create thumbnail is not checked. By default, it is off.

`Thumbnail size`

  This is the percentage of the original's size that the thumbnail will be. The default is 25%.

`Thumbnail compression`

  This is the quality of compression to use. As with the general preferences, the better the quality of the compression, the more detail will be preserved, and the bigger the thumbnail will be. The default for a thumbnail is 50%.

`Prefix to attach to filename`

  This is the prefix to attach to the thumbnail filename to distinguish it from the full-sized shot. If you leave this blank, the thumbnail will overwrite the full-sized shot and you will lose the full-sized one. The default prefix is "thumb-".

`Use high-quality intermediate for generating thumbnail`

  The high-quality intermediate checkbox is off by default. It generates a MIFF image whilst making the thumbnail. A 'lossy' file format refers to a file format where data and detail is irretrievably lost, but which is typically much smaller than a non-lossy format image of the same thing. The typical example of a lossy file format is JPEG.

### Post-Processing

| These options munch processing power compared with the options in previous sections. They work by producing an intermediate image of the screenshot, and then performing actions upon it. Once any of these options are enabled, the shot will take longer to complete, due to the extra processing involved.

`Normalize image`

  The normalize image checkbox transforms the image to span the full range of colour values. Default is off.

`Equalize image`

  The equalize image checkbox enables histogram-based image equalization, which is a process which compensates for low contrast in an image and brings out more detail. Default is off.

`Enhance image`

  The enhance image checkbox tells `Screen-Shooter` to clean up the image as best it can, and try to remove any noise. Default is off.

`Despeckle image`

  The despeckle image checkbox reduces spotting by removing single pixels which are very different in colour from their surroundings. The default is off.

`Sharpen image by factor`

  Sharpening the image sharpens the image. The default is a factor of zero, but it can be raised to 100%.

`Rotate image clockwise`

  This is how many degrees clockwise to rotate the image. The default is 0: unrotated.

`Adjust gamma`

  The gamma checkbox enables you to adjust the gamma. The gamma value is a value to do with the intensity of the lightness of an image (and rather complicated). The range `Screen-Shooter` provides is from 0.8 to 2.3 with a default of 1.6. This is not a linear (straight) scale so you will need to experiment. Lowering the gamma produces a darker image. Raising it produces a lighter one.

### Frills

`Create frame around image`

  The create frame checkbox is off by default. Checking it produces a frame around the shot taken. This frame is always grey, but Tom Gilbert notes, "if anybody requests it, I'll add options for setting its colour".

`Frame width`

  This determines the size of the frame in pixels. The range is from one pixel to fifty. The default frame is six pixels.

`Flip image vertically`

  This gives a vertical mirror image of the shot. It can be combined with the following option. The default is unchecked.

`Flip image horizontally`

  This gives a horizontal mirror image of the shot. It can be combined with the preceding option. The default is unchecked.

`Emboss image`

  Embossing an image produces an image drained of most colour and drawn in relief. The default is unchecked.

`Send image and thumbnail to...`

  By placing a script or program name in the box and checking the send to checkbox, you can invoke that script or program to be automatically run on the image and thumbnail. This could be used to print the image out automatically, to invoke a script to catalogue the files, or to add the pictures to a website automatically. A sample script for the latter is available with `Screen-Shooter`.

### Spurious options: part 1

| Tom Gilbert says, "These options are all just plain silly. But they're fun. So I included them". They also munch processing power in the same manner as the post-processing options above.

To make use of any of the options listed in this section and the next section, you need to have selected Display spurious options in the General Preferences section. They will not be available otherwise.

`Blur image`

  The blur image checkbox is off by default and the blur factor is set to zero. By checking the checkbox and altering the blur factor you can blur the image. Even at the highest rating (100), a typical font on a typical terminal window is still just about decipherable.

`Create charcoal effect`

  The charcoal checkbox is off by default and the charcoal factor is set to zero. Charcoaling produces a monochrome image with a slight smudginess which increases with the charcoal factor. It does not deal with highlighted text very well, though. The maximum factor for this is 100.

`Find edges`

  The find edges checkbox is off by default and the factor is set to zero. Using it produces a monochrome image where, rather than highlighting areas of different colours, it highlights the edges and borders between areas of different colour. Very interesting on maps and astronomical photos. The maximum factor for this is 100.

`Implode image`

  The implode image checkbox is off by default and the factor is set to zero. Using it warps the resulting screenshot as if a weight had been pressed into the centre of the shot. The maximum factor for this is 100.

### Spurious options: part 2

`Create painted effect`

  The painted effect checkbox is off by default and the radius to paint around each pixel is set to zero. Checking it with a radius of about 5 produces an effect like an Impressionist painting. Checking it with a radius of about 50 will eat your CPU cycles like mad for ten minutes on a reasonably powerful machine. The maximum radius is 100, but you will need either a large machine or a lot of patience for that.

`Solarise image`

  The solarise checkbox is off by default and the factor is set to zero. Solarising is an effect first noticed in developing photographs from negatives. It results in a negative image with different colouring from that of the "inverted colours" option in the general preferences. A solarise factor of 5 will produce startling results, but the maximum factor is 100.

`Spread image pixels`

  The spread image checkbox is off by default and the factor is set to zero. The result of spreading the image pixels by a radius of about 5 is similar to looking through lightly frosted glass; for heavily-frosted glass, try 25. The maximum is 100.

`Swirl pixels`

  The swirl pixels checkbox is off by default and the factor is set to zero. Swirling the pixels results in a distorted image similar to an imploded image except that it swirls around the central point rather than stretching to it. A radius of 20 produces an effect like a fairground distorting mirror, only not a mirror-image; 90 a much increased version (although text is still legible); at 180 the entire image is warped; and at the maximum of 360 a spiral effect is created.

### Known bugs and limitations

- Often screenshots saved in PNG format show incorrectly in `Netscape` or the `GNOME Help Browser`. This is due to bugs in Netscape and and GNOME image libraries, not to bugs in `Screen-Shooter`. You can view such screenshots in a different image-viewing program; or you can try changing image compression level in the Preferences dialogue box, which sometimes helps.

### Authors

The `Screen-Shooter` applet was written by Tom Gilbert (`<gilbertt@tomgilbert.freeserve.co.uk>`). Please report bugs in the Screen-Shooter applet to the GNOME bug tracking system. You can do this by following the guidelines on that site or by using `bug-buddy` from the command-line. For the package, put gnome-applets.

This manual was written by Telsa Gwynne (`<telsa@linuxchix.org>`) and Tom Gilbert (`<gilbertt@tomgilbert.freeserve.co.uk>`). Please send all comments and suggestions regarding this manual to the GNOME Documentation Project by sending an email to `<docs@gnome.org>`. You can also submit comments online by using the GNOME Documentation Status Table.

## Tasklist Applet

`Tasklist` applet, shown in Figura 83, displays a table showing windowed applications running on your computer. Depending on the options chosen, you can display either those on the desktop currently in use, or on all virtual desktops. To add this applet to a Panel, right-click on the panel and choose Applets->Utility->Tasklist.

Figura 83. Tasklist

### Usage

`Tasklist` allows you to quickly navigate the applications running on your computer, displaying icons and application names for each application that meets the criteria you've set in the properties window. Clicking on an icon or application name gives focus to that application, bringing it to the foreground so it accepts your keyboard input.

Right-clicking with the mouse on an application's icon or text in the applet brings up the following menu:

Figura 84. Tasklist Right-Click Options

- `Iconify` — reduce the selected application to a panel icon. When an application already has been iconified, the menu item changes to `Restore`. Clicking on it restores the application to your desktop.

- `Shade` — minimize the application to a single window bar. When an application has been Shaded, the menu item changes to `Unshade`. Clicking on `Unshade` restores the application to full size.

- `Stick` — make application "sticky", which means it remains in your field of view when you change virtual desktops, following you as you go. When an application is sticky, the menu option `Unstick` is displayed, allowing you to leave an application behind as you continue your virtual desktop travels.

- `Kill` — kills the application. The properties dialog allows you to have `Tasklist` prompt you for confirmation before causing an application's untimely death.

### Task Grouping

`Tasklist` can group icons together when multiple instances of a program are running. A number in parentheses appears to next to the application. Clicking on the icon brings up a menu listing all of the running instances.

Clicking on an item in the list brings that window to the foreground and gives it focus.

By default, `Tasklist` groups four or more applications. You can change this in the properties window.

### Right-Click Pop-Up Menu Items

In addition to the standard menu items (see la sección de nombre Standard Pop-Up Items), the right-click pop-up menu has Properties... item — This menu item opens the Properties dialog (see la sección de nombre Properties) which allows you to customize the appearance and behavior of this applet.

### Properties

You can configure `Tasklist` applet by right-clicking on the applet and choosing the Properties... menu item. This will open the Properties dialog, shown in Figura 85.

Figura 85. Properties Dialog

The Properties dialog allows to you control which tasks are displayed:

- `Show normal applications` — display, in the applet, all applications on the current desktop that have not been minimized.

- `Show iconified (minimized) applications` — show all applications on the current desktop that have been minimized

- `Show normal applications on all desktops` — show all full-sized, non-minimized applications on all desktops. For this to work, you must also have checked the `Show normal applications` checkbox above.

- `Show iconified (minimized) applications on all desktops` — show all applications that have been minimized on all desktops. For this to work, you must also have checked `Show iconified (minimized) applications` above.

- `Show mini icons` — Some applications support a miniature icon. This option displays it on the `Tasklist` panel.

- `Confirm before killing windows` — have the applet prompt you before you're permitted to kill an application.

- `Move iconified tasks to current workspace when restoring` — automatically switches the desktop work area on your screen to the one containing the application you click on in the `Tasklist` panel.

- `Enable task grouping` — Turns on `Tasklist's` grouping feature and controls the number of instances of an application that must be running before they are grouped.

Figura 86. Properties Dialog - Size

The size properties dialog controls how much space `Tasklist` takes up on your panel:

- `Follow panel size` — have `Tasklist` size determined automatically based on panel size. This overrides other size options.

- `Tasklist width (height)` — width (or height in vertical panel) of `Tasklist` in pixels.

- `Rows of tasks` — determines how many rows of task icons `Tasklist` displays.

- `Default task size` — set the default size for display of a task item. (This only has effect if `Tasklist width is dynamic` is checked below.)

- `Tasklist width (height) is fixed (dynamic)` — Have the size of the tasklist fixed or established by the applet dynamically. Setting it to "fixed" means that the applet will always take the amount of space set in "tasklist width", even if there are no tasks. Setting it to `dynamic` means that the applet will take as much space as needed to show all tasks (zero if there are no tasks), but not more than the value set in `Tasklist width`.

- `Only use empty space` — If width or height is set to be dynamic, this option forces `Tasklist` to use only the available space on your screen, preventing it from pushing other applets out of the way and off of your screen.

### Basic Properties Options

All Properties dialogs have the following buttons at the bottom of the dialog:

- OK — Pressing OK will activate any changes in the properties you have made and close the Properties dialog.

- Apply — Pressing Apply at any time will make your changes active without closing the Properties dialog. This is helpful if you would like to test the effects of the changes you have made but may want to continue changing the properties.

- Close — Pressing Close will close the Properties dialog. Only changes in the configuration which were previously applied with the Apply button will persist. Other changes will be discarded.

- Help — Pressing Help brings up the manual for the application, opening it to the page describing the Properties dialog.

### Standard Pop-Up Items

All applets should have the following items in their right-click pop-up menu:

Remove from panel

  The Remove from panel menu item removes the applet from the Panel.

Move

  After selecting Move, your mouse pointer will change appearance (typically to a cross with arrows in each direction). As you move your mouse, the applet will move with it. When you have finished moving the applet, click any mouse button and the applet will anchor in its current position. Note that applets can be moved between two Panels this way.

Panel

  The Panel submenu contains various items and submenus for adding and removing Panels and applets and for changing the configuration.

About

  The About... menu item brings up a dialogue box containing various information about the applet, typically including the applet's name, version, author, copyright, license and description.

Help

  The Help menu item brings up the help manual for the applet.

### Known Bugs and Limitations

There are no known bugs in the `Tasklist` applet.

### Authors

The `Tasklist` applet was written by Anders Carlsson (`<andersca@gnu.org>`). Please send all comments, suggestions, and bug reports to the GNOME bug tracking database. (Instructions for submitting bug reports can be found on-line. If you are using GNOME 1.1 or later, you can also use `Bug Report Tool` (bug-buddy), available in the Utilities submenu of Main Menu, for submitting bug reports.

This manual was written by John Fleck (`<jfleck@inkstain.net>`). Please send all comments and suggestions regarding this manual to the GNOME Documentation Project by sending an email to `<docs@gnome.org>`. You can also submit comments online by using the GNOME Documentation Status Table.

## Tick-a-Stat Applet

`Tick-a-Stat` applet, shown in Figura 87, watches various aspects of your system and delivers information when certain events occur. For example, it can watch the CPU load and warn you when the CPU is being overloaded with concurrent processes. To add this applet to a Panel, right-click on the Panel and choose Panel->Add to panel->Applet->Utility->Tick-a-Stat.

Figura 87. Tick-a-Stat Applet

### Usage

After you have configured `Tick-a-Stat`, it will run continuously and does not require any input. General configuration of `Tick-a-Stat` is explained in la sección de nombre Customization. There are several modules which can be used. Their function and configuration is described in la sección de nombre Modules.

Right-clicking on the applet brings up a menu containing the following items:

- Properties… — opens the `Properties` dialog.

- Event Log… — opens the `Event Log` dialog.

- Help — displays this document.

- About… — shows basic information about `Tick-a-Stat Applet`, including the applet's version and the author's name.

### Customization

You can customize `Tick-a-Stat` applet by right-clicking on it and choosing Properties…. This will open the Properties dialog(shown in Figura 88), which allows you to change various settings.

Figura 88. Properties dialog

The `Modules` tab lists the various modules you can enable. Select a module from `Module` list on the left to configure it in the pane on the right. Each module and its configurable properties are described in la sección de nombre Modules.

The properties in the `General` tab are:

- Enable logging of events — If this button is checked, a log of each event detected by an enabled module will be written to the file named in the `Log path` entry.

- Log Path — This is name of the file which will be used to store the event log.

The properties in the `Display` tab are:

- Smooth scroll — Selecting this button causes old events to slowly scroll upwards when new events occur, instead of quickly moving up to make room.

- Smooth type — Selecting this button causes new text to be slowly typed across the applet as if somebody is typing it, instead of appearing very quickly.

- Delay when wrapping text — This is the time delay (in tenths of a second) that it pauses when it wraps a message around the right edge of the applet (ie. for a carriage return).

- Scroll speed between lines (Smooth scroll) — This is the speed at which lines are scrolled upwards.

- Width — This is the width(in pixels) of the applet.

- Use all room on panel — Selecting this button expands the applet along the Panel to fill all space (up to any neighboring Panel objects if they exist.)

- Height — This is the height(in pixels) of the applet.

- Use panel size hint — Selecting this button causes the applet to try to size itself to fit the Panel height.

After you have made all the changes you want, click on OK to apply the changes and close the Properties dialog. To cancel the changes and return to previous values, click the Cancel button.

### Modules

`Tick-a-Stat` has several modules. Each module watches a certain part of your system and responds to different evens. Multiple modules can be run enabled at once. The standard `Tick-a-Stat` modules are described below.

#### Test Module

The Test module is a simple module that just prints "Testing line from test module :)" in the applet every few seconds.

#### Core Dump Catcher Module

The Dump Monitor module monitors a certain path for core dumps. If it finds one, it time stamps it and logs the backtrace. It also displays a core dump logo and message in the main applet, as shown in Figura 89 and optionally will open a dialog displaying the backtrace.

Figura 89. Tick-a-Stat Showing a Core Dump

The Core Dump module settings are:

- Enable this module — Selecting this button activates the module.

- Show backtrace dialog on new core files — Selecting this button will cause `Tick-a-Stat` to open a dialog showing the backtrace each time a new core dump is found.

- Path to monitor — Enter the name of the directory you would like the Core Dump module to monitor for core dumps.

#### Load Average Monitor Module

The Load Average Monitor module monitors the systems CPU usage and warns you when the number of processes(programs) sharing the CPU is too high. (This will cause poor performance of each process and can be indicative of an errant program or daemon.) When the CPU load is high it will display a warning, as shown in Figura 90. For even higher loads, an alert is displayed.

Figura 90. Tick-a-Stat Showing a Load Warning

The Load Average Monitor module settings are:

- Enable this module — Selecting this button activates the module.

- Check every (Seconds) — Set this to the interval (in seconds) between checking the load.

- Show pop-up dialog for this event — Select this button to have a pop-up dialog open each time a warning (or alert) is issued. (This option occurs in both the Warning and Alert sections.)

- Load average threshold — Set this to the load (the average number of running programs which request use of the CPU at any instant in time). (This option occurs in both the Warning and Alert sections.)

- Text to display — Enter the message which should be displayed when the load reaches the threshold level.

#### File Tailer Module

The File Tailer module shows any lines which are added to the end of a given file. This is typically used to monitor the output log files created by many programs.

The File Tailerr module settings are:

- Enable this module — Selecting this button activates the module.

- Path to tail — Set this to the name of the file you wish to tail. (The term "tail" refers to watching the tail, or end, of a file. In a shell, one can do this using the tail command, typically with the "-f" flag.)

- Show pop-up dialog for new line — Select this to have a pop-up dialog showing the new line open each time a new line is added to the file.

### The Event Log

The event log is used to keep track of any events which register in `Tick-a-Stat`. The file used for the event log and whether event logging is enabled are specified in the `General` tab of the `Properties` dialog. To view the event log, right click on the applet and select Event log….

### Known Bugs and Limitations

This applet has no known bugs.

### Authors

`Tick-a-Stat Applet` was written by John Ellis (`<johne@bellatlantic.net>`). Please send all comments, suggestions, and bug reports to the GNOME bug tracking database. (Instructions for submitting bug reports can be found on-line. If you are using GNOME 1.1 or later, you can also use `Bug Report Tool` (bug-buddy), available in the Utilities submenu of Main Menu, for submitting bug reports.

This manual was written by Dan Mueth (`<d-mueth@uchicago.edu>`). Please send all comments and suggestions regarding this manual to the GNOME Documentation Project by sending an email to `<docs@gnome.org>`. You can also submit comments online by using the GNOME Documentation Status Table.

## Aplique ¿Donde estoy?

El aplique `¿Donde estoy?`, mostrado en Figura 91, indica la posición del puntero del ratón en la pantalla, mostrando las coordenadas `x` e `y`, donde `x` es la coordenada horizontal e `y` es la vertical. Las dimensiones de un área en la pantalla se puede determinar arrastrando el puntero del ratón, una vez arrancada el aplique `¿Donde estoy?`.

Para añadir este aplique en un panel, pulse el botón derecho sobre el Panel y escoja Panel->Añadir al panel->Aplique->Utilidades->¿Donde estoy?.

Figura 91. Aplique ¿Donde estoy?

### Uso

No necesita hacer nada especial para usar este aplique. Indicara la posición del puntero según vaya moviendo el ratón. Al pulsar sobre `¿Donde estoy?` se memorizará la posición del puntero, haciendo que su forma se transforme en una cruz. Una vez que la posición del puntero se ha memorizado, puede arrastrarlo para medir las dimensiones de una área de la pantalla. Una segunda pulsación finalizara la operación en curso, y restaurara el funcionamiento normal.

Al pulsar el botón derecho sobre el aplique aparecerá un menú desplegable con las siguientes opciones:

- Ayuda — presenta este documento.

- Acerca de...; — presenta información básica acerca de `¿Donde estoy?`, incluyendo la versión del aplique y el autor.

### Errores y limitaciones conocidas

Este aplique no tiene errores conocidos.

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