## Chmod

### Description

Changes the permissions of a file or all files inside specified directories. Right now it has effect only under Unix or NonStop Kernel (Tandem). The permissions are also UNIX style, like the argument for the chmod command.

See the section on directory based tasks, on how the inclusion/exclusion of files works, and how to write patterns.

This task holds an implicit FileSet and supports all of FileSet's attributes and nested elements directly. More sets can be specified using nested `<fileset>` or `<dirset>` (since Ant 1.6) elements.

Starting with Ant 1.6, this task also supports nested filelists.

Starting with Ant 1.7, this task supports arbitrary Resource Collections as nested elements.

By default this task will use a single invocation of the underlying chmod command. If you are working on a large number of files this may result in a command line that is too long for your operating system. If you encounter such problems, you should set the maxparallel attribute of this task to a non-zero value. The number to use highly depends on the length of your file names (the depth of your directory tree) and your operating system, so you'll have to experiment a little. POSIX recommends command line length limits of at least 4096 characters, this may give you an approximation for the number you could use as initial value for these experiments.

### Parameters

Attribute | Description | Required
file | the file or single directory of which the permissions must be changed. | exactly one of the two or nested `<fileset/list>` elements.
dir | the directory which holds the files whose permissions must be changed.
perm | the new permissions. | Yes
includes | comma- or space-separated list of patterns of files that must be included. | No
excludes | comma- or space-separated list of patterns of files that must be excluded. No files (except default excludes) are excluded when omitted. | No
defaultexcludes | indicates whether default excludes should be used or not ("yes"/"no"). Default excludes are used when omitted. | No
parallel | process all specified files using a single `chmod` command. Defaults to true. | No
type | One of file, dir or both. If set to file, only the permissions of plain files are going to be changed. If set to dir, only the directories are considered. Note: The type attribute does not apply to nested dirsets - dirsets always implicitly assume type to be dir. | No, default is file
maxparallel | Limit the amount of parallelism by passing at most this many sourcefiles at once. Set it to <= 0 for unlimited. Defaults to unlimited. Since Ant 1.6. | No
verbose | Whether to print a summary after execution or not. Defaults to `false`. Since Ant 1.6. | No

### Examples

>     <chmod file="${dist}/start.sh" perm="ugo+rx"/>

makes the "start.sh" file readable and executable for anyone on a UNIX system.

>     <chmod file="${dist}/start.sh" perm="700"/>

makes the "start.sh" file readable, writable and executable only for the owner on a UNIX system.

>     <chmod dir="${dist}/bin" perm="ugo+rx"
>            includes="**/*.sh"/>

makes all ".sh" files below `${dist}/bin` readable and executable for anyone on a UNIX system.

>     <chmod perm="g+w">
>       <fileset dir="shared/sources1">
>         <exclude name="**/trial/**"/>
>       </fileset>
>       <fileset refid="other.shared.sources"/>
>     </chmod>

makes all files below `shared/sources1` (except those below any directory named trial) writable for members of the same group on a UNIX system. In addition all files belonging to a FileSet with `id` `other.shared.sources` get the same permissions.

>     <chmod perm="go-rwx" type="file">
>       <fileset dir="/web">
>         <include name="**/*.cgi"/>
>         <include name="**/*.old"/>
>       </fileset>
>       <dirset dir="/web">
>         <include name="**/private_*"/>
>       </dirset>
>     </chmod>

keeps non-owners from touching cgi scripts, files with a `.old` extension or directories beginning with `private_`. A directory ending in `.old` or a file beginning with private_ would remain unaffected.

### Note on maxparallel attribute

Some shells have a limit of the number of characters that a command line may contain. This maximum limit varies from shell to shell and from operating system to operating system. If one has a large number of files to change mode on, consider using the maxparallel attribute. For example when using AIX and the limit is reached, the system responds with a warning: "Warning: UNIXProcess.forkAndExec native error: The parameter or environment lists are too long". A value of about 300 seems to result in a command line that is acceptable.