# Iterator Traits

Author: | David Abrahams
Contact: | dave@boost-consulting.com
Organization: | Boost Consulting
Date: | 2006-09-11
Copyright: | Copyright David Abrahams 2004.

abstract: | Header `<boost/iterator/iterator_traits.hpp>` provides the ability to access an iterator's associated types using MPL-compatible metafunctions.

# Overview

`std::iterator_traits` provides access to five associated types of any iterator: its `value_type`, `reference`, `pointer`, `iterator_category`, and `difference_type`. Unfortunately, such a "multi-valued" traits template can be difficult to use in a metaprogramming context. `<boost/iterator/iterator_traits.hpp>` provides access to these types using a standard metafunctions.

# Summary

Header `<boost/iterator/iterator_traits.hpp>`:

    template <class Iterator>
    struct iterator_value
    {
        typedef typename
          std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type
        type;
    };

    template <class Iterator>
    struct iterator_reference
    {
        typedef typename
          std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::reference
        type;
    };

    template <class Iterator>
    struct iterator_pointer
    {
        typedef typename
          std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::pointer
        type;
    };

    template <class Iterator>
    struct iterator_difference
    {
        typedef typename
          detail::iterator_traits<Iterator>::difference_type
        type;
    };

    template <class Iterator>
    struct iterator_category
    {
        typedef typename
          detail::iterator_traits<Iterator>::iterator_category
        type;
    };

# Broken Compiler Notes

Because of workarounds in Boost, you may find that these metafunctions actually work better than the facilities provided by your compiler's standard library.

On compilers that don't support partial specialization, such as Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 or 7.0, you may need to manually invoke BOOST_BROKEN_COMPILER_TYPE_TRAITS_SPECIALIZATION on the `value_type` of pointers that are passed to these metafunctions.

Because of bugs in the implementation of GCC-2.9x, the name of `iterator_category` is changed to `iterator_category_` on that compiler. A macro, `BOOST_ITERATOR_CATEGORY`, that expands to either `iterator_category` or `iterator_category_`, as appropriate to the platform, is provided for portability.