Podręcznik PHP
Poprzedni | Rozdział 19. Classes and Objects (PHP 5) | Następny

# Overloading

Both method calls and member accesses can be overloaded via the __call, __get and __set methods. These methods will only be triggered when your object or inherited object doesn't contain the member or method you're trying to access. All overloading methods must not be defined as static. All overloading methods must be defined as public.

Since PHP 5.1.0 it is also possible to overload the isset() and unset() functions via the __isset and __unset methods respectively.

## Member overloading

void __set ( string name, mixed value )
mixed __get ( string name )
bool __isset ( string name )
void __unset ( string name )

Class members can be overloaded to run custom code defined in your class by defining these specially named methods. The `$name` parameter used is the name of the variable that should be set or retrieved. The __set() method's `$value` parameter specifies the value that the object should set the `$name`.

Przykład 19-20. overloading with __get, __set, __isset and __unset example

`<?php
class Setter
{
public $n;
private $x = array("a" => 1, "b" => 2, "c" => 3);
public function __get($nm)
{
echo "Getting [$nm]\n";
if (isset($this->x[$nm])) {
$r = $this->x[$nm];
print "Returning: $r\n";
return $r;
} else {
echo "Nothing!\n";
}
}
public function __set($nm, $val)
{
echo "Setting [$nm] to $val\n";
if (isset($this->x[$nm])) {
$this->x[$nm] = $val;
echo "OK!\n";
} else {
echo "Not OK!\n";
}
}
public function __isset($nm)
{
echo "Checking if $nm is set\n";
return isset($this->x[$nm]);
}
public function __unset($nm)
{
echo "Unsetting $nm\n";
unset($this->x[$nm]);
}
}
$foo = new Setter();
$foo->n = 1;
$foo->a = 100;
$foo->a++;
$foo->z++;
var_dump(isset($foo->a)); //true
unset($foo->a);
var_dump(isset($foo->a)); //false
// this doesn't pass through the __isset() method
// because 'n' is a public property
var_dump(isset($foo->n));
var_dump($foo);
?>`

Powyższy przykład wyświetli:

`Setting [a] to 100 OK! Getting [a] Returning: 100 Setting [a] to 101 OK! Getting [z] Nothing! Setting [z] to 1 Not OK! Checking if a is set bool(true) Unsetting a Checking if a is set bool(false) bool(true) object(Setter)#1 (2) { ["n"]=> int(1) ["x:private"]=> array(2) { ["b"]=> int(2) ["c"]=> int(3) } }`

## Method overloading

mixed __call ( string name, array arguments )

The magic method __call() allows to capture invocation of non existing methods. That way __call() can be used to implement user defined method handling that depends on the name of the actual method being called. This is for instance useful for proxy implementations. The arguments that were passed in the function will be defined as an array in the `$arguments` parameter. The value returned from the __call() method will be returned to the caller of the method.

Przykład 19-21. overloading with __call example

`<?php class Caller { private $x = array(1, 2, 3); public function __call($m, $a) { print "Method $m called:\n"; var_dump($a); return $this->x; } } $foo = new Caller(); $a = $foo->test(1, "2", 3.4, true); var_dump($a); ?>`

Powyższy przykład wyświetli:

`Method test called: array(4) { [0]=> int(1) [1]=> string(1) "2" [2]=> float(3.4) [3]=> bool(true) } array(3) { [0]=> int(1) [1]=> int(2) [2]=> int(3) }`

Poprzedni | Spis treści | Następny
Object Interfaces | Początek rozdziału | Object Iteration