org.scalatest

# FunSuite

#### trait FunSuite extends Suite

A suite of tests in which each test is represented as a function value. The &#8220;`Fun`&#8221; in `FunSuite` stands for &#8220;function.&#8221; Here's an example `FunSuite`:

    import org.scalatest.FunSuiteclass MySuite extends FunSuite {  test("addition") {
        val sum = 1 + 1
        assert(sum === 2)
        assert(sum + 2 === 4)
      }  test("subtraction") {
        val diff = 4 - 1
        assert(diff === 3)
        assert(diff - 2 === 1)
      }
    }

&#8220;`test`&#8221; is a method, defined in `FunSuite`, which will be invoked by the primary constructor of `MySuite`. You specify the name of the test as a string between the parentheses, and the test code itself between curly braces. The test code is a function passed as a by-name parameter to `test`, which registers it for later execution. One benefit of `FunSuite` compared to `Suite` is you need not name all your tests starting with &#8220;`test`.&#8221; In addition, you can more easily give long names to your tests, because you need not encode them in camel case, as you must do with test methods.

A `FunSuite`'s lifecycle has two phases: the registration phase and theready phase. It starts in registration phase and enters ready phase the first time`run` is called on it. It then remains in ready phase for the remainder of its lifetime.

Tests can only be registered with the `test` method while the `FunSuite` is in its registration phase. Any attempt to register a test after the `FunSuite` has entered its ready phase, i.e., after `run` has been invoked on the `FunSuite`, will be met with a thrown `TestRegistrationClosedException`. The recommended style of using `FunSuite` is to register tests during object construction as is done in all the examples shown here. If you keep to the recommended style, you should never see a`TestRegistrationClosedException`.

Shared fixtures

A test fixture is objects or other artifacts (such as files, sockets, database connections, etc.) used by tests to do their work. You can use fixtures in`FunSuite`s with the same approaches suggested for `Suite` in its documentation. The same text that appears in the test fixture section of `Suite`'s documentation is repeated here, with examples changed from`Suite` to `FunSuite`.

If a fixture is used by only one test, then the definitions of the fixture objects can be local to the test function, such as the objects assigned to `sum` and `diff` in the previous `MySuite` examples. If multiple tests need to share a fixture, the best approach is to assign them to instance variables. Here's a (very contrived) example, in which the object assigned to `shared` is used by multiple test functions:

    import org.scalatest.FunSuiteclass MySuite extends FunSuite {  // Sharing immutable fixture objects via instance variables
      val shared = 5  test("addition") {
        val sum = 2 + 3
        assert(sum === shared)
      }  test("subtraction") {
        val diff = 7 - 2
        assert(diff === shared)
      }
    }

In some cases, however, shared mutable fixture objects may be changed by tests such that they need to be recreated or reinitialized before each test. Shared resources such as files or database connections may also need to be created and initialized before, and cleaned up after, each test. JUnit offers methods `setUp` and`tearDown` for this purpose. In ScalaTest, you can use the `BeforeAndAfterEach` trait, which will be described later, to implement an approach similar to JUnit's `setUp`and `tearDown`, however, this approach often involves reassigning `var`s between tests. Before going that route, you should consider some approaches that avoid `var`s. One approach is to write one or more create-fixture methods that return a new instance of a needed object (or a tuple or case class holding new instances of multiple objects) each time it is called. You can then call a create-fixture method at the beginning of each test that needs the fixture, storing the fixture object or objects in local variables. Here's an example:

    import org.scalatest.FunSuite
    import scala.collection.mutable.ListBufferclass MySuite extends FunSuite {  // create objects needed by tests and return as a tuple
      def createFixture = (
        new StringBuilder("ScalaTest is "),
        new ListBuffer[String]
      )  test("easy") {
        val (builder, lbuf) = createFixture
        builder.append("easy!")
        assert(builder.toString === "ScalaTest is easy!")
        assert(lbuf.isEmpty)
        lbuf += "sweet"
      }  test("fun") {
        val (builder, lbuf) = createFixture
        builder.append("fun!")
        assert(builder.toString === "ScalaTest is fun!")
        assert(lbuf.isEmpty)
      }
    }

If different tests in the same `FunSuite` require different fixtures, you can create multiple create-fixture methods and call the method (or methods) needed by each test at the begining of the test. If every test requires the same set of mutable fixture objects, one other approach you can take is make them simply `val`s and mix in trait`OneInstancePerTest`. If you mix in `OneInstancePerTest`, each test will be run in its own instance of the `FunSuite`, similar to the way JUnit tests are executed.

Although the create-fixture and `OneInstancePerTest` approaches take care of setting up a fixture before each test, they don't address the problem of cleaning up a fixture after the test completes. In this situation, one option is to mix in the `BeforeAndAfterEach` trait.`BeforeAndAfterEach`'s `beforeEach` method will be run before, and its `afterEach`method after, each test (like JUnit's `setUp` and `tearDown`methods, respectively). For example, you could create a temporary file before each test, and delete it afterwords, like this:

    import org.scalatest.FunSuite
    import org.scalatest.BeforeAndAfterEach
    import java.io.FileReader
    import java.io.FileWriter
    import java.io.Fileclass MySuite extends FunSuite with BeforeAndAfterEach {  private val FileName = "TempFile.txt"
      private var reader: FileReader = _  // Set up the temp file needed by the test
      override def beforeEach() {
        val writer = new FileWriter(FileName)
        try {
          writer.write("Hello, test!")
        }
        finally {
          writer.close()
        }    // Create the reader needed by the test
        reader = new FileReader(FileName)
      }  // Close and delete the temp file
      override def afterEach() {
        reader.close()
        val file = new File(FileName)
        file.delete()
      }  test("reading from the temp file") {
        var builder = new StringBuilder
        var c = reader.read()
        while (c != -1) {
          builder.append(c.toChar)
          c = reader.read()
        }
        assert(builder.toString === "Hello, test!")
      }  test("first char of the temp file") {
        assert(reader.read() === 'H')
      }  test("without a fixture") {
        assert(1 + 1 === 2)
      }
    }

In this example, the instance variable `reader` is a `var`, so it can be reinitialized between tests by the `beforeEach` method.

Although the `BeforeAndAfterEach` approach should be familiar to the users of most test other frameworks, ScalaTest provides another alternative that also allows you to perform cleanup after each test: overriding `withFixture(NoArgTest)`. To execute each test, `Suite`'s implementation of the `runTest` method wraps an invocation of the appropriate test method in a no-arg function. `runTest` passes that test function to the `withFixture(NoArgTest)`method, which is responsible for actually running the test by invoking the function. `Suite`'s implementation of `withFixture(NoArgTest)` simply invokes the function, like this:

    // Default implementation
    protected def withFixture(test: NoArgTest) {
      test()
    }

The `withFixture(NoArgTest)` method exists so that you can override it and set a fixture up before, and clean it up after, each test. Thus, the previous temp file example could also be implemented without mixing in `BeforeAndAfterEach`, like this:

    import org.scalatest.FunSuite
    import org.scalatest.BeforeAndAfterEach
    import java.io.FileReader
    import java.io.FileWriter
    import java.io.Fileclass MySuite extends FunSuite {  private var reader: FileReader = _  override def withFixture(test: NoArgTest) {    val FileName = "TempFile.txt"    // Set up the temp file needed by the test
        val writer = new FileWriter(FileName)
        try {
          writer.write("Hello, test!")
        }
        finally {
          writer.close()
        }    // Create the reader needed by the test
        reader = new FileReader(FileName)    try {
          test() // Invoke the test function
        }
        finally {
          // Close and delete the temp file
          reader.close()
          val file = new File(FileName)
          file.delete()
        }
      }  test("reading from the temp file") {
        var builder = new StringBuilder
        var c = reader.read()
        while (c != -1) {
          builder.append(c.toChar)
          c = reader.read()
        }
        assert(builder.toString === "Hello, test!")
      }  test("first char of the temp file") {
        assert(reader.read() === 'H')
      }  test("without a fixture") {
        assert(1 + 1 === 2)
      }
    }

If you prefer to keep your test classes immutable, one final variation is to use the`FixtureFunSuite` trait from the`org.scalatest.fixture` package. Tests in an `org.scalatest.fixture.FixtureFunSuite` can have a fixture object passed in as a parameter. You must indicate the type of the fixture object by defining the `Fixture` type member and define a `withFixture` method that takes a one-arg test function. (A `FixtureFunSuite` has two overloaded `withFixture` methods, therefore, one that takes a `OneArgTest`and the other, inherited from `Suite`, that takes a `NoArgTest`.) Inside the `withFixture(OneArgTest)` method, you create the fixture, pass it into the test function, then perform any necessary cleanup after the test function returns. Instead of invoking each test directly, a `FixtureFunSuite` will pass a function that invokes the code of a test to `withFixture(OneArgTest)`. Your `withFixture(OneArgTest)` method, therefore, is responsible for actually running the code of the test by invoking the test function. For example, you could pass the temp file reader fixture to each test that needs it by overriding the `withFixture(OneArgTest)` method of a `FixtureFunSuite`, like this:

    import org.scalatest.fixture.FixtureFunSuite
    import java.io.FileReader
    import java.io.FileWriter
    import java.io.Fileclass MySuite extends FixtureFunSuite {  type FixtureParam = FileReader  def withFixture(test: OneArgTest) {    val FileName = "TempFile.txt"    // Set up the temp file needed by the test
        val writer = new FileWriter(FileName)
        try {
          writer.write("Hello, test!")
        }
        finally {
          writer.close()
        }    // Create the reader needed by the test
        val reader = new FileReader(FileName)    try {
          // Run the test using the temp file
          test(reader)
        }
        finally {
          // Close and delete the temp file
          reader.close()
          val file = new File(FileName)
          file.delete()
        }
      }  test("reading from the temp file") { reader =>
        var builder = new StringBuilder
        var c = reader.read()
        while (c != -1) {
          builder.append(c.toChar)
          c = reader.read()
        }
        assert(builder.toString === "Hello, test!")
      }  test("first char of the temp file") { reader =>
        assert(reader.read() === 'H')
      }  test("without a fixture") { () =>
        assert(1 + 1 === 2)
      }
    }

It is worth noting that the only difference in the test code between the mutable`BeforeAndAfterEach` approach shown here and the immutable `FixtureFunSuite`approach shown previously is that two of the `FixtureFunSuite`'s test functions take a `FileReader` as a parameter via the "`reader =>`" at the beginning of the function. Otherwise the test code is identical. One benefit of the explicit parameter is that, as demonstrated by the "`without a fixture`" test, a `FixtureFunSuite`test need not take the fixture. So you can have some tests that take a fixture, and others that don't. In this case, the `FixtureFunSuite` provides documentation indicating which tests use the fixture and which don't, whereas the `BeforeAndAfterEach` approach does not. (If you have want to combine tests that take different fixture types in the same `FunSuite`, you can use MultipleFixtureFunSuite.)

If you want to execute code before and after all tests (and nested suites) in a suite, such want to execute code before and after all tests (and nested suites) in a suite, such as you could do with `@BeforeClass` and `@AfterClass`annotations in JUnit 4, you can use the `beforeAll` and `afterAll`methods of `BeforeAndAfterAll`. See the documentation for `BeforeAndAfterAll` for an example.

Shared tests

Sometimes you may want to run the same test code on different fixture objects. In other words, you may want to write tests that are "shared" by different fixture objects. To accomplish this in a `FunSuite`, you first place shared tests inbehavior functions. These behavior functions will be invoked during the construction phase of any `FunSuite` that uses them, so that the tests they contain will be registered as tests in that `FunSuite`. For example, given this stack class:

    import scala.collection.mutable.ListBufferclass Stack[T] {  val MAX = 10
      private var buf = new ListBuffer[T]  def push(o: T) {
        if (!full)
          o +: buf
        else
          throw new IllegalStateException("can't push onto a full stack")
      }  def pop(): T = {
        if (!empty)
          buf.remove(0)
        else
          throw new IllegalStateException("can't pop an empty stack")
      }  def peek: T = {
        if (!empty)
          buf(0)
        else
          throw new IllegalStateException("can't pop an empty stack")
      }  def full: Boolean = buf.size == MAX
      def empty: Boolean = buf.size == 0
      def size = buf.size  override def toString = buf.mkString("Stack(", ", ", ")")
    }

You may want to test the `Stack` class in different states: empty, full, with one item, with one item less than capacity,etc. You may find you have several tests that make sense any time the stack is non-empty. Thus you'd ideally want to run those same tests for three stack fixture objects: a full stack, a stack with a one item, and a stack with one item less than capacity. With shared tests, you can factor these tests out into a behavior function, into which you pass the stack fixture to use when running the tests. So in your `FunSuite` for stack, you'd invoke the behavior function three times, passing in each of the three stack fixtures so that the shared tests are run for all three fixtures.

You can define a behavior function that encapsulates these shared tests inside the `FunSuite` that uses them. If they are shared between different `FunSuite`s, however, you could also define them in a separate trait that is mixed into each `FunSuite` that uses them.For example, here the `nonEmptyStack` behavior function (in this case, a behavior method) is defined in a trait along with another method containing shared tests for non-full stacks:

    import org.scalatest.FunSuitetrait FunSuiteStackBehaviors { this: FunSuite =>  def nonEmptyStack(createNonEmptyStack: => Stack[Int], lastItemAdded: Int) {    test("empty is invoked on this non-empty stack: " + createNonEmptyStack.toString) {
          val stack = createNonEmptyStack
          assert(!stack.empty)
        }    test("peek is invoked on this non-empty stack: " + createNonEmptyStack.toString) {
          val stack = createNonEmptyStack
          val size = stack.size
          assert(stack.peek === lastItemAdded)
          assert(stack.size === size)
        }    test("pop is invoked on this non-empty stack: " + createNonEmptyStack.toString) {
          val stack = createNonEmptyStack
          val size = stack.size
          assert(stack.pop === lastItemAdded)
          assert(stack.size === size - 1)
        }
      }  def nonFullStack(createNonFullStack: => Stack[Int]) {    test("full is invoked on this non-full stack: " + createNonFullStack.toString) {
          val stack = createNonFullStack
          assert(!stack.full)
        }    test("push is invoked on this non-full stack: " + createNonFullStack.toString) {
          val stack = createNonFullStack
          val size = stack.size
          stack.push(7)
          assert(stack.size === size + 1)
          assert(stack.peek === 7)
        }
      }
    }

Given these behavior functions, you could invoke them directly, but `FunSuite` offers a DSL for the purpose, which looks like this:

    testsFor(nonEmptyStack(stackWithOneItem, lastValuePushed))
    testsFor(nonFullStack(stackWithOneItem))

If you prefer to use an imperative style to change fixtures, for example by mixing in `BeforeAndAfterEach` and reassigning a `stack` `var` in `beforeEach`, you could write your behavior functions in the context of that `var`, which means you wouldn't need to pass in the stack fixture because it would be in scope already inside the behavior function. In that case, your code would look like this:

    testsFor(nonEmptyStack) // assuming lastValuePushed is also in scope inside nonEmptyStack
    testsFor(nonFullStack)

The recommended style, however, is the functional, pass-all-the-needed-values-in style. Here's an example:

    import org.scalatest.FunSuiteclass StackFunSuite extends FunSuite with FunSuiteStackBehaviors {  // Stack fixture creation methods
      def emptyStack = new Stack[Int]  def fullStack = {
        val stack = new Stack[Int]
        for (i <- 0 until stack.MAX)
          stack.push(i)
        stack
      }  def stackWithOneItem = {
        val stack = new Stack[Int]
        stack.push(9)
        stack
      }  def stackWithOneItemLessThanCapacity = {
        val stack = new Stack[Int]
        for (i <- 1 to 9)
          stack.push(i)
        stack
      }  val lastValuePushed = 9  test("empty is invoked on an empty stack") {
        val stack = emptyStack
        assert(stack.empty)
      }  test("peek is invoked on an empty stack") {
        val stack = emptyStack
        intercept[IllegalStateException] {
          stack.peek
        }
      }  test("pop is invoked on an empty stack") {
        val stack = emptyStack
        intercept[IllegalStateException] {
          emptyStack.pop
        }
      }  testsFor(nonEmptyStack(stackWithOneItem, lastValuePushed))
      testsFor(nonFullStack(stackWithOneItem))  testsFor(nonEmptyStack(stackWithOneItemLessThanCapacity, lastValuePushed))
      testsFor(nonFullStack(stackWithOneItemLessThanCapacity))  test("full is invoked on a full stack") {
        val stack = fullStack
        assert(stack.full)
      }  testsFor(nonEmptyStack(fullStack, lastValuePushed))  test("push is invoked on a full stack") {
        val stack = fullStack
        intercept[IllegalStateException] {
          stack.push(10)
        }
      }
    }

If you load these classes into the Scala interpreter (with scalatest's JAR file on the class path), and execute it, you'll see:

    scala> (new StackFunSuite).execute()
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: empty is invoked on an empty stack
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: empty is invoked on an empty stack
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: peek is invoked on an empty stack
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: peek is invoked on an empty stack
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: pop is invoked on an empty stack
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: pop is invoked on an empty stack
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: empty is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9)
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: empty is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9)
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: peek is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9)
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: peek is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9)
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: pop is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9)
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: pop is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9)
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: full is invoked on this non-full stack: Stack(9)
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: full is invoked on this non-full stack: Stack(9)
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: push is invoked on this non-full stack: Stack(9)
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: push is invoked on this non-full stack: Stack(9)
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: empty is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: empty is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: peek is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: peek is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: pop is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: pop is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: full is invoked on this non-full stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: full is invoked on this non-full stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: push is invoked on this non-full stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: push is invoked on this non-full stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: full is invoked on a full stack
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: full is invoked on a full stack
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: empty is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: empty is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: peek is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: peek is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: pop is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: pop is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)
    Test Starting - StackFunSuite: push is invoked on a full stack
    Test Succeeded - StackFunSuite: push is invoked on a full stack

One thing to keep in mind when using shared tests is that in ScalaTest, each test in a suite must have a unique name. If you register the same tests repeatedly in the same suite, one problem you may encounter is an exception at runtime complaining that multiple tests are being registered with the same test name. In a `FunSuite` there is no nesting construct analogous to `Spec`'s `describe` clause. Therefore, you need to do a bit of extra work to ensure that the test names are unique. If a duplicate test name problem shows up in a`FunSuite`, you'll need to pass in a prefix or suffix string to add to each test name. You can pass this string the same way you pass any other data needed by the shared tests, or just call `toString` on the shared fixture object. This is the approach taken by the previous `FunSuiteStackBehaviors` example.

Given this `FunSuiteStackBehaviors` trait, calling it with the `stackWithOneItem` fixture, like this:

    testsFor(nonEmptyStack(stackWithOneItem, lastValuePushed))

yields test names:

- `empty is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9)`
- `peek is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9)`
- `pop is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9)`

Whereas calling it with the `stackWithOneItemLessThanCapacity` fixture, like this:

    testsFor(nonEmptyStack(stackWithOneItemLessThanCapacity, lastValuePushed))

yields different test names:

- `empty is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)`
- `peek is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)`
- `pop is invoked on this non-empty stack: Stack(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)`

Tagging tests

A `FunSuite`'s tests may be classified into groups by tagging them with string names. As with any suite, when executing a `FunSuite`, groups of tests can optionally be included and/or excluded. To tag a `FunSuite`'s tests, you pass objects that extend abstract class `org.scalatest.Tag` to methods that register tests, `test` and `ignore`. Class `Tag` takes one parameter, a string name. If you have created Java annotation interfaces for use as group names in direct subclasses of `org.scalatest.Suite`, then you will probably want to use group names on your `FunSuite`s that match. To do so, simply pass the fully qualified names of the Java interfaces to the `Tag` constructor. For example, if you've defined Java annotation interfaces with fully qualified names, `com.mycompany.groups.SlowTest` and`com.mycompany.groups.DbTest`, then you could create matching groups for `FunSuite`s like this:

    import org.scalatest.Tagobject SlowTest extends Tag("com.mycompany.groups.SlowTest")
    object DbTest extends Tag("com.mycompany.groups.DbTest")

Given these definitions, you could place `FunSuite` tests into groups like this:

    import org.scalatest.FunSuiteclass MySuite extends FunSuite {  test("addition", SlowTest) {
        val sum = 1 + 1
        assert(sum === 2)
        assert(sum + 2 === 4)
      }  test("subtraction", SlowTest, DbTest) {
        val diff = 4 - 1
        assert(diff === 3)
        assert(diff - 2 === 1)
      }
    }

This code marks both tests, "addition" and "subtraction," with the `com.mycompany.groups.SlowTest` tag, and test "subtraction" with the `com.mycompany.groups.DbTest` tag.

The primary `run` method takes a `Filter`, whose constructor takes an optional`Set[String]`s called `tagsToInclude` and a `Set[String]` called`tagsToExclude`. If `tagsToInclude` is `None`, all tests will be run except those those belonging to tags listed in the`tagsToExclude` `Set`. If `tagsToInclude` is defined, only tests belonging to tags mentioned in the `tagsToInclude` set, and not mentioned in `tagsToExclude`, will be run.

Ignored tests

To support the common use case of &#8220;temporarily&#8221; disabling a test, with the good intention of resurrecting the test at a later time, `FunSuite` provides registration methods that start with `ignore` instead of `test`. For example, to temporarily disable the test named `addition`, just change &#8220;`test`&#8221; into &#8220;`ignore`,&#8221; like this:

    import org.scalatest.FunSuiteclass MySuite extends FunSuite {  ignore("addition") {
        val sum = 1 + 1
        assert(sum === 2)
        assert(sum + 2 === 4)
      }  test("subtraction") {
        val diff = 4 - 1
        assert(diff === 3)
        assert(diff - 2 === 1)
      }
    }

If you run this version of `MySuite` with:

    scala> (new MySuite).execute()

It will run only `subtraction` and report that `addition` was ignored:

    Test Ignored - MySuite: addition
    Test Starting - MySuite: subtraction
    Test Succeeded - MySuite: subtraction

Pending tests

A pending test is one that has been given a name but is not yet implemented. The purpose of pending tests is to facilitate a style of testing in which documentation of behavior is sketched out before tests are written to verify that behavior (and often, the before the behavior of the system being tested is itself implemented). Such sketches form a kind of specification of what tests and functionality to implement later.

To support this style of testing, a test can be given a name that specifies one bit of behavior required by the system being tested. The test can also include some code that sends more information about the behavior to the reporter when the tests run. At the end of the test, it can call method `pending`, which will cause it to complete abruptly with `TestPendingException`. Because tests in ScalaTest can be designated as pending with `TestPendingException`, both the test name and any information sent to the reporter when running the test can appear in the report of a test run. (In other words, the code of a pending test is executed just like any other test.) However, because the test completes abruptly with `TestPendingException`, the test will be reported as pending, to indicate the actual test, and possibly the functionality, has not yet been implemented.

Although pending tests may be used more often in specification-style suites, such as`org.scalatest.Spec`, you can also use it in `FunSuite`, like this:

    import org.scalatest.FunSuiteclass MySuite extends FunSuite {  def test("addition") {
        val sum = 1 + 1
        assert(sum === 2)
        assert(sum + 2 === 4)
      }  def test("subtraction") (pending)
    }

(Note: "`(pending)`" is the body of the test. Thus the test contains just one statement, an invocation of the `pending` method, which throws `TestPendingException`.) If you run this version of `MySuite` with:

    scala> (new MySuite).execute()

It will run both tests, but report that `subtraction` is pending. You'll see:

    Test Starting - MySuite: addition
    Test Succeeded - MySuite: addition
    Test Starting - MySuite: subtraction
    Test Pending - MySuite: subtraction

Informers

One of the parameters to the primary `run` method is a `Reporter`, which will collect and report information about the running suite of tests. Information about suites and tests that were run, whether tests succeeded or failed, and tests that were ignored will be passed to the `Reporter` as the suite runs. Most often the reporting done by default by `FunSuite`'s methods will be sufficient, but occasionally you may wish to provide custom information to the `Reporter` from a test. For this purpose, an `Informer` that will forward information to the current `Reporter`is provided via the `info` parameterless method. You can pass the extra information to the `Informer` via one of its `apply` methods. The `Informer` will then pass the information to the `Reporter` via an `InfoProvided` event. Here's an example:

    import org.scalatest.FunSuiteclass MySuite extends FunSuite {  test("addition") {
        val sum = 1 + 1
        assert(sum === 2)
        assert(sum + 2 === 4)
        info("Addition seems to work")
      }
    }

If you run this `Suite` from the interpreter, you will see the following message included in the printed report:

    Test Starting - MySuite: addition
    Info Provided - MySuite.addition: Addition seems to work
    Test Succeeded - MySuite: addition

authors:

1. Bill Venners

Inherited

1. Hide All
2. Show all

1. Suite
2. AbstractSuite
3. Assertions
4. AnyRef
5. Any

Visibility

1. Public
2. All

### Type Members

1. #### class Equalizer extends AnyRef

   Class used via an implicit conversion to enable any two objects to be compared with`===` in assertions in tests.

2. #### trait NoArgTest extends () ⇒ Unit

   A test function taking no arguments, which also provides a test name and config map.

### Value Members

1. #### def !=(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

   attributes: final
   definition classes: AnyRef

2. #### def !=(arg0: Any): Boolean

   `o != arg0` is the same as `!(o == (arg0))`.

   `o != arg0` is the same as `!(o == (arg0))`.

   arg0

     the object to compare against this object for dis-equality.

   returns

     `false` if the receiver object is equivalent to the argument; `true` otherwise.

   attributes: final
   definition classes: Any

3. #### def ##(): Int

   attributes: final
   definition classes: AnyRef → Any

4. #### def $asInstanceOf[T0](): T0

   attributes: final
   definition classes: AnyRef

5. #### def $isInstanceOf[T0](): Boolean

   attributes: final
   definition classes: AnyRef

6. #### def ==(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

   `o == arg0` is the same as `if (o eq null) arg0 eq null else o.equals(arg0)`.

   `o == arg0` is the same as `if (o eq null) arg0 eq null else o.equals(arg0)`.

   arg0

     the object to compare against this object for equality.

   returns

     `true` if the receiver object is equivalent to the argument; `false` otherwise.

   attributes: final
   definition classes: AnyRef

7. #### def ==(arg0: Any): Boolean

   `o == arg0` is the same as `o.equals(arg0)`.

   `o == arg0` is the same as `o.equals(arg0)`.

   arg0

     the object to compare against this object for equality.

   returns

     `true` if the receiver object is equivalent to the argument; `false` otherwise.

   attributes: final
   definition classes: Any

8. #### def asInstanceOf[T0]: T0

   This method is used to cast the receiver object to be of type `T0`.

   This method is used to cast the receiver object to be of type `T0`.

   Note that the success of a cast at runtime is modulo Scala's erasure semantics. Therefore the expression`1.asInstanceOf[String]` will throw a `ClassCastException` at runtime, while the expression`List(1).asInstanceOf[List[String]]` will not. In the latter example, because the type argument is erased as part of compilation it is not possible to check whether the contents of the list are of the requested typed.

   returns

     the receiver object.

   attributes: final
   definition classes: Any

9. #### def assert(o: Option[String]): Unit

   Assert that an `Option[String]` is `None`.

   Assert that an `Option[String]` is `None`. If the condition is `None`, this method returns normally. Else, it throws `TestFailedException` with the `String`value of the `Some` included in the `TestFailedException`'s detail message.

   This form of `assert` is usually called in conjunction with an implicit conversion to `Equalizer`, using a `===` comparison, as in:

       assert(a === b)

   For more information on how this mechanism works, see the documentation for`Equalizer`.

   o

     the `Option[String]` to assert

   definition classes: Assertions

10. #### def assert(o: Option[String], clue: Any): Unit

    Assert that an `Option[String]` is `None`.

    Assert that an `Option[String]` is `None`. If the condition is `None`, this method returns normally. Else, it throws `TestFailedException` with the `String`value of the `Some`, as well as the`String` obtained by invoking `toString` on the specified `message`, included in the `TestFailedException`'s detail message.

    This form of `assert` is usually called in conjunction with an implicit conversion to `Equalizer`, using a `===` comparison, as in:

        assert(a === b, "extra info reported if assertion fails")

    For more information on how this mechanism works, see the documentation for`Equalizer`.

    o

      the `Option[String]` to assert

    clue

      An objects whose `toString` method returns a message to include in a failure report.

    definition classes: Assertions

11. #### def assert(condition: Boolean, clue: Any): Unit

    Assert that a boolean condition, described in `String` `message`, is true.

    Assert that a boolean condition, described in `String` `message`, is true. If the condition is `true`, this method returns normally. Else, it throws `TestFailedException` with the`String` obtained by invoking `toString` on the specified `message` as the exception's detail message.

    condition

      the boolean condition to assert

    clue

      An objects whose `toString` method returns a message to include in a failure report.

    definition classes: Assertions

12. #### def assert(condition: Boolean): Unit

    Assert that a boolean condition is true.

    Assert that a boolean condition is true. If the condition is `true`, this method returns normally. Else, it throws `TestFailedException`.

    condition

      the boolean condition to assert

    definition classes: Assertions

13. #### def clone(): AnyRef

    This method creates and returns a copy of the receiver object.

    This method creates and returns a copy of the receiver object.

    The default implementation of the `clone` method is platform dependent.

    returns

      a copy of the receiver object.

    attributes: protected
    definition classes: AnyRef

14. #### implicit def convertToEqualizer(left: Any): Equalizer

    Implicit conversion from `Any` to `Equalizer`, used to enable assertions with `===` comparisons.

    Implicit conversion from `Any` to `Equalizer`, used to enable assertions with `===` comparisons.

    For more information on this mechanism, see the documentation for Equalizer.

    Because trait `Suite` mixes in `Assertions`, this implicit conversion will always be available by default in ScalaTest `Suite`s. This is the only implicit conversion that is in scope by default in every ScalaTest `Suite`. Other implicit conversions offered by ScalaTest, such as those that support the matchers DSL or `invokePrivate`, must be explicitly invited into your test code, either by mixing in a trait or importing the members of its companion object. The reason ScalaTest requires you to invite in implicit conversions (with the exception of the implicit conversion for `===` operator) is because if one of ScalaTest's implicit conversions clashes with an implicit conversion used in the code you are trying to test, your program won't compile. Thus there is a chance that if you are ever trying to use a library or test some code that also offers an implicit conversion involving a `===` operator, you could run into the problem of a compiler error due to an ambiguous implicit conversion. If that happens, you can turn off the implicit conversion offered by this `convertToEqualizer` method simply by overriding the method in your`Suite` subclass, but not marking it as implicit:

        // In your Suite subclass
        override def convertToEqualizer(left: Any) = new Equalizer(left)

    left

      the object whose type to convert to `Equalizer`.

    attributes: implicit
    definition classes: Assertions

15. #### def eq(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

    This method is used to test whether the argument (`arg0`) is a reference to the receiver object (`this`).

    This method is used to test whether the argument (`arg0`) is a reference to the receiver object (`this`).

    The `eq` method implements an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_relation equivalence relation] on non-null instances of `AnyRef`: * It is reflexive: for any non-null instance `x` of type `AnyRef`, `x.eq(x)` returns `true`. * It is symmetric: for any non-null instances `x` and `y` of type `AnyRef`, `x.eq(y)` returns `true` if and only if `y.eq(x)` returns `true`. * It is transitive: for any non-null instances `x`, `y`, and `z` of type `AnyRef` if `x.eq(y)` returns `true` and `y.eq(z)` returns `true`, then `x.eq(z)` returns `true`.

    Additionally, the `eq` method has three other properties. * It is consistent: for any non-null instances `x` and `y` of type `AnyRef`, multiple invocations of `x.eq(y)` consistently returns `true` or consistently returns `false`. * For any non-null instance `x` of type `AnyRef`, `x.eq(null)` and `null.eq(x)` returns `false`. * `null.eq(null)` returns `true`.

    When overriding the `equals` or `hashCode` methods, it is important to ensure that their behavior is consistent with reference equality. Therefore, if two objects are references to each other (`o1 eq o2`), they should be equal to each other (`o1 == o2`) and they should hash to the same value (`o1.hashCode == o2.hashCode`).

    arg0

      the object to compare against this object for reference equality.

    returns

      `true` if the argument is a reference to the receiver object; `false` otherwise.

    attributes: final
    definition classes: AnyRef

16. #### def equals(arg0: Any): Boolean

    This method is used to compare the receiver object (`this`) with the argument object (`arg0`) for equivalence.

    This method is used to compare the receiver object (`this`) with the argument object (`arg0`) for equivalence.

    The default implementations of this method is an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_relation equivalence relation]: * It is reflexive: for any instance `x` of type `Any`, `x.equals(x)` should return `true`. * It is symmetric: for any instances `x` and `y` of type `Any`, `x.equals(y)` should return `true` if and only if `y.equals(x)` returns `true`. * It is transitive: for any instances `x`, `y`, and `z` of type `AnyRef` if `x.equals(y)` returns `true` and `y.equals(z)` returns `true`, then `x.equals(z)` should return `true`.

    If you override this method, you should verify that your implementation remains an equivalence relation. Additionally, when overriding this method it is often necessary to override `hashCode` to ensure that objects that are "equal" (`o1.equals(o2)` returns `true`) hash to the same scala.Int (`o1.hashCode.equals(o2.hashCode)`).

    arg0

      the object to compare against this object for equality.

    returns

      `true` if the receiver object is equivalent to the argument; `false` otherwise.

    definition classes: AnyRef → Any

17. #### def execute(testName: String, configMap: Map[String, Any]): Unit

    Executes the test specified as `testName` in this `Suite` with the specified `configMap`, printing results to the standard output.

    Executes the test specified as `testName` in this `Suite` with the specified `configMap`, printing results to the standard output.

    This method implementation calls `run` on this `Suite`, passing in:

    - `testName` - `Some(testName)`
    - `reporter` - a reporter that prints to the standard output
    - `stopper` - a `Stopper` whose `apply` method always returns `false`
    - `filter` - a `Filter` constructed with `None` for `tagsToInclude` and `Set()` for `tagsToExclude`
    - `configMap` - the specified `configMap` `Map[String, Any]`
    - `distributor` - `None`
    - `tracker` - a new `Tracker`

    This method serves as a convenient way to execute a single test, passing in some objects via the `configMap`, especially from within the Scala interpreter.

    Note: In ScalaTest, the terms "execute" and "run" basically mean the same thing and can be used interchangably. The reason this convenience method and its three overloaded forms aren't named `run` is described the documentation of the overloaded form that takes no parameters: execute().

    testName

      the name of one test to run.

    configMap

      a `Map` of key-value pairs that can be used by the executing `Suite` of tests.

    attributes: final
    definition classes: Suite

18. #### def execute(testName: String): Unit

    Executes the test specified as `testName` in this `Suite`, printing results to the standard output.

    Executes the test specified as `testName` in this `Suite`, printing results to the standard output.

    This method implementation calls `run` on this `Suite`, passing in:

    - `testName` - `Some(testName)`
    - `reporter` - a reporter that prints to the standard output
    - `stopper` - a `Stopper` whose `apply` method always returns `false`
    - `filter` - a `Filter` constructed with `None` for `tagsToInclude` and `Set()` for `tagsToExclude`
    - `configMap` - an empty `Map[String, Any]`
    - `distributor` - `None`
    - `tracker` - a new `Tracker`

    This method serves as a convenient way to run a single test, especially from within the Scala interpreter.

    Note: In ScalaTest, the terms "execute" and "run" basically mean the same thing and can be used interchangably. The reason this convenience method and its three overloaded forms aren't named `run` is described the documentation of the overloaded form that takes no parameters: execute().

    testName

      the name of one test to run.

    attributes: final
    definition classes: Suite

19. #### def execute(configMap: Map[String, Any]): Unit

    Executes this `Suite` with the specified `configMap`, printing results to the standard output.

    Executes this `Suite` with the specified `configMap`, printing results to the standard output.

    This method implementation calls `run` on this `Suite`, passing in:

    - `testName` - `None`
    - `reporter` - a reporter that prints to the standard output
    - `stopper` - a `Stopper` whose `apply` method always returns `false`
    - `filter` - a `Filter` constructed with `None` for `tagsToInclude` and `Set()` for `tagsToExclude`
    - `configMap` - the specified `configMap` `Map[String, Any]`
    - `distributor` - `None`
    - `tracker` - a new `Tracker`

    This method serves as a convenient way to execute a `Suite`, passing in some objects via the `configMap`, especially from within the Scala interpreter.

    Note: In ScalaTest, the terms "execute" and "run" basically mean the same thing and can be used interchangably. The reason this convenience method and its three overloaded forms aren't named `run` is described the documentation of the overloaded form that takes no parameters: execute().

    configMap

      a `Map` of key-value pairs that can be used by the executing `Suite` of tests.

    attributes: final
    definition classes: Suite

20. #### def execute(): Unit

    Executes this `Suite`, printing results to the standard output.

    Executes this `Suite`, printing results to the standard output.

    This method implementation calls `run` on this `Suite`, passing in:

    - `testName` - `None`
    - `reporter` - a reporter that prints to the standard output
    - `stopper` - a `Stopper` whose `apply` method always returns `false`
    - `filter` - a `Filter` constructed with `None` for `tagsToInclude` and `Set()` for `tagsToExclude`
    - `configMap` - an empty `Map[String, Any]`
    - `distributor` - `None`
    - `tracker` - a new `Tracker`

    This method serves as a convenient way to execute a `Suite`, especially from within the Scala interpreter.

    Note: In ScalaTest, the terms "execute" and "run" basically mean the same thing and can be used interchangably. The reason this convenience method and its three overloaded forms aren't named `run`is because `junit.framework.TestCase` declares a `run` method that takes no arguments but returns a `junit.framework.TestResult`. That`run` method would not overload with this method if it were named `run`, because it would have the same parameters but a different return type than the one defined in `TestCase`. To facilitate integration with JUnit 3, therefore, these convenience "run" methods are named `execute`. In particular, this allows trait`org.scalatest.junit.JUnit3Suite` to extend both `org.scalatest.Suite` and`junit.framework.TestCase`, which enables the creating of classes that can be run with either ScalaTest or JUnit 3.

    attributes: final
    definition classes: Suite

21. #### def expect(expected: Any)(actual: Any): Unit

    Expect that the value passed as `expected` equals the value passed as `actual`.

    Expect that the value passed as `expected` equals the value passed as `actual`. If the `actual` value equals the `expected` value (as determined by `==`), `expect` returns normally. Else, `expect` throws an`TestFailedException` whose detail message includes the expected and actual values.

    expected

      the expected value

    actual

      the actual value, which should equal the passed `expected` value

    definition classes: Assertions

22. #### def expect(expected: Any, clue: Any)(actual: Any): Unit

    Expect that the value passed as `expected` equals the value passed as `actual`.

    Expect that the value passed as `expected` equals the value passed as `actual`. If the `actual` equals the `expected`(as determined by `==`), `expect` returns normally. Else, if `actual` is not equal to `expected`, `expect` throws an`TestFailedException` whose detail message includes the expected and actual values, as well as the `String`obtained by invoking `toString` on the passed `message`.

    expected

      the expected value

    clue

      An object whose `toString` method returns a message to include in a failure report.

    actual

      the actual value, which should equal the passed `expected` value

    definition classes: Assertions

23. #### def expectedTestCount(filter: Filter): Int

    The total number of tests that are expected to run when this `Suite`'s `run` method is invoked.

    The total number of tests that are expected to run when this `Suite`'s `run` method is invoked.

    This trait's implementation of this method returns the sum of:

    - the size of the `testNames` `List`, minus the number of tests marked as ignored
    - the sum of the values obtained by invoking `expectedTestCount` on every nested `Suite` contained in `nestedSuites`
    filter

      a `Filter` with which to filter tests to count based on their tags

    definition classes: Suite → AbstractSuite

24. #### def fail(cause: Throwable): Nothing

    Throws `TestFailedException`, with the passed`Throwable` cause, to indicate a test failed.

    Throws `TestFailedException`, with the passed`Throwable` cause, to indicate a test failed. The `getMessage` method of the thrown `TestFailedException`will return `cause.toString()`.

    cause

      a `Throwable` that indicates the cause of the failure.

    definition classes: Assertions

25. #### def fail(message: String, cause: Throwable): Nothing

    Throws `TestFailedException`, with the passed`String` `message` as the exception's detail message and `Throwable` cause, to indicate a test failed.

    Throws `TestFailedException`, with the passed`String` `message` as the exception's detail message and `Throwable` cause, to indicate a test failed.

    message

      A message describing the failure.

    cause

      A `Throwable` that indicates the cause of the failure.

    definition classes: Assertions

26. #### def fail(message: String): Nothing

    Throws `TestFailedException`, with the passed`String` `message` as the exception's detail message, to indicate a test failed.

    Throws `TestFailedException`, with the passed`String` `message` as the exception's detail message, to indicate a test failed.

    message

      A message describing the failure.

    definition classes: Assertions

27. #### def fail(): Nothing

    Throws `TestFailedException` to indicate a test failed.

    Throws `TestFailedException` to indicate a test failed.

    definition classes: Assertions

28. #### def finalize(): Unit

    This method is called by the garbage collector on the receiver object when garbage collection determines that there are no more references to the object.

    This method is called by the garbage collector on the receiver object when garbage collection determines that there are no more references to the object.

    The details of when and if the `finalize` method are invoked, as well as the interaction between `finalize`and non-local returns and exceptions, are all platform dependent.

    attributes: protected
    definition classes: AnyRef

29. #### def getClass(): java.lang.Class[_ <: java.lang.Object]

    Returns a representation that corresponds to the dynamic class of the receiver object.

    Returns a representation that corresponds to the dynamic class of the receiver object.

    The nature of the representation is platform dependent.

    returns

      a representation that corresponds to the dynamic class of the receiver object.

    attributes: final
    definition classes: AnyRef

30. #### def groups: Map[String, Set[String]]

    The `groups` methods has been deprecated and will be removed in a future version of ScalaTest.

    The `groups` methods has been deprecated and will be removed in a future version of ScalaTest. Please call (and override) `tags` instead.

    attributes: final
    definition classes: Suite
    deprecated:

31. #### def hashCode(): Int

    Returns a hash code value for the object.

    Returns a hash code value for the object.

    The default hashing algorithm is platform dependent.

    Note that it is allowed for two objects to have identical hash codes (`o1.hashCode.equals(o2.hashCode)`) yet not be equal (`o1.equals(o2)` returns `false`). A degenerate implementation could always return `0`. However, it is required that if two objects are equal (`o1.equals(o2)` returns `true`) that they have identical hash codes (`o1.hashCode.equals(o2.hashCode)`). Therefore, when overriding this method, be sure to verify that the behavior is consistent with the `equals` method.

    returns

      the hash code value for the object.

    definition classes: AnyRef → Any

32. #### def ignore(testName: String, testTags: Tag*)(f: ⇒ Unit): Unit

    Register a test to ignore, which has the specified name, optional tags, and function value that takes no arguments.

    Register a test to ignore, which has the specified name, optional tags, and function value that takes no arguments. This method will register the test for later ignoring via an invocation of one of the `run`methods. This method exists to make it easy to ignore an existing test by changing the call to `test`to `ignore` without deleting or commenting out the actual test code. The test will not be run, but a report will be sent that indicates the test was ignored. The passed test name must not have been registered previously on this `FunSuite` instance.

    testName

      the name of the test

    testTags

      the optional list of tags for this test

    attributes: protected

33. #### implicit def info: Informer

    Returns an `Informer` that during test execution will forward strings (and other objects) passed to its`apply` method to the current reporter.

    Returns an `Informer` that during test execution will forward strings (and other objects) passed to its`apply` method to the current reporter. If invoked in a constructor, it will register the passed string for forwarding later during test execution. If invoked while this`FunSuite` is being executed, such as from inside a test function, it will forward the information to the current reporter immediately. If invoked at any other time, it will throw an exception. This method can be called safely by any thread.

    attributes: protected implicit

34. #### def intercept[T <: AnyRef](f: ⇒ Any)(implicit manifest: Manifest[T]): T

    Intercept and return an exception that's expected to be thrown by the passed function value.

    Intercept and return an exception that's expected to be thrown by the passed function value. The thrown exception must be an instance of the type specified by the type parameter of this method. This method invokes the passed function. If the function throws an exception that's an instance of the specified type, this method returns that exception. Else, whether the passed function returns normally or completes abruptly with a different exception, this method throws `TestFailedException`.

    Note that the type specified as this method's type parameter may represent any subtype of`AnyRef`, not just `Throwable` or one of its subclasses. In Scala, exceptions can be caught based on traits they implement, so it may at times make sense to specify a trait that the intercepted exception's class must mix in. If a class instance is passed for a type that could not possibly be used to catch an exception (such as `String`, for example), this method will complete abruptly with a `TestFailedException`.

    f

      the function value that should throw the expected exception

    manifest

      an implicit `Manifest` representing the type of the specified type parameter.

    returns

      the intercepted exception, if it is of the expected type

    definition classes: Assertions

35. #### def isInstanceOf[T0]: Boolean

    This method is used to test whether the dynamic type of the receiver object is `T0`.

    This method is used to test whether the dynamic type of the receiver object is `T0`.

    Note that the test result of the test is modulo Scala's erasure semantics. Therefore the expression`1.isInstanceOf[String]` will return `false`, while the expression `List(1).isInstanceOf[List[String]]` will return `true`. In the latter example, because the type argument is erased as part of compilation it is not possible to check whether the contents of the list are of the requested typed.

    returns

      `true` if the receiver object is an instance of erasure of type `T0`; `false` otherwise.

    attributes: final
    definition classes: Any

36. #### def ne(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

    `o.ne(arg0)` is the same as `!(o.eq(arg0))`.

    `o.ne(arg0)` is the same as `!(o.eq(arg0))`.

    arg0

      the object to compare against this object for reference dis-equality.

    returns

      `false` if the argument is not a reference to the receiver object; `true` otherwise.

    attributes: final
    definition classes: AnyRef

37. #### def nestedSuites: List[Suite]

    A `List` of this `Suite` object's nested `Suite`s.

    A `List` of this `Suite` object's nested `Suite`s. If this `Suite` contains no nested `Suite`s, this method returns an empty `List`. This trait's implementation of this method returns an empty `List`.

    definition classes: Suite → AbstractSuite

38. #### def notify(): Unit

    Wakes up a single thread that is waiting on the receiver object's monitor.

    Wakes up a single thread that is waiting on the receiver object's monitor.

    attributes: final
    definition classes: AnyRef

39. #### def notifyAll(): Unit

    Wakes up all threads that are waiting on the receiver object's monitor.

    Wakes up all threads that are waiting on the receiver object's monitor.

    attributes: final
    definition classes: AnyRef

40. #### def pending: PendingNothing

    Throws `TestPendingException` to indicate a test is pending.

    Throws `TestPendingException` to indicate a test is pending.

    A pending test is one that has been given a name but is not yet implemented. The purpose of pending tests is to facilitate a style of testing in which documentation of behavior is sketched out before tests are written to verify that behavior (and often, the before the behavior of the system being tested is itself implemented). Such sketches form a kind of specification of what tests and functionality to implement later.

    To support this style of testing, a test can be given a name that specifies one bit of behavior required by the system being tested. The test can also include some code that sends more information about the behavior to the reporter when the tests run. At the end of the test, it can call method `pending`, which will cause it to complete abruptly with `TestPendingException`. Because tests in ScalaTest can be designated as pending with `TestPendingException`, both the test name and any information sent to the reporter when running the test can appear in the report of a test run. (In other words, the code of a pending test is executed just like any other test.) However, because the test completes abruptly with `TestPendingException`, the test will be reported as pending, to indicate the actual test, and possibly the functionality it is intended to test, has not yet been implemented.

    Note: This method always completes abruptly with a `TestPendingException`. Thus it always has a side effect. Methods with side effects are usually invoked with parentheses, as in `pending()`. This method is defined as a parameterless method, in flagrant contradiction to recommended Scala style, because it forms a kind of DSL for pending tests. It enables tests in suites such as `FunSuite` or `Spec`to be denoted by placing "`(pending)`" after the test name, as in:

        test("that style rules are not laws") (pending)

    Readers of the code see "pending" in parentheses, which looks like a little note attached to the test name to indicate it is pending. Whereas "`(pending())` looks more like a method call, "`(pending)`" lets readers stay at a higher level, forgetting how it is implemented and just focusing on the intent of the programmer who wrote the code.

    definition classes: Suite

41. #### def pendingUntilFixed(f: ⇒ Unit): Unit

    Execute the passed block of code, and if it completes abruptly, throw `TestPendingException`, else throw `TestFailedException`.

    Execute the passed block of code, and if it completes abruptly, throw `TestPendingException`, else throw `TestFailedException`.

    This method can be used to temporarily change a failing test into a pending test in such a way that it will automatically turn back into a failing test once the problem originally causing the test to fail has been fixed. At that point, you need only remove the `pendingUntilFixed` call. In other words, a`pendingUntilFixed` surrounding a block of code that isn't broken is treated as a test failure. The motivation for this behavior is to encourage people to remove `pendingUntilFixed` calls when there are no longer needed.

    This method facilitates a style of testing in which tests are written before the code they test. Sometimes you may encounter a test failure that requires more functionality than you want to tackle without writing more tests. In this case you can mark the bit of test code causing the failure with `pendingUntilFixed`. You can then write more tests and functionality that eventually will get your production code to a point where the original test won't fail anymore. At this point the code block marked with `pendingUntilFixed` will no longer throw an exception (because the problem has been fixed). This will in turn cause `pendingUntilFixed` to throw `TestFailedException`with a detail message explaining you need to go back and remove the `pendingUntilFixed` call as the problem orginally causing your test code to fail has been fixed.

    f

      a block of code, which if it completes abruptly, should trigger a `TestPendingException`

    definition classes: Suite

42. #### def run(testName: Option[String], reporter: Reporter, stopper: Stopper, filter: Filter, configMap: Map[String, Any], distributor: Option[Distributor], tracker: Tracker): Unit

    Runs this suite of tests.

    Runs this suite of tests.

    If `testName` is `None`, this trait's implementation of this method calls these two methods on this object in this order:

    - `runNestedSuites(report, stopper, tagsToInclude, tagsToExclude, configMap, distributor)`
    - `runTests(testName, report, stopper, tagsToInclude, tagsToExclude, configMap)`

    If `testName` is defined, then this trait's implementation of this method calls `runTests`, but does not call `runNestedSuites`. This behavior is part of the contract of this method. Subclasses that override `run` must take care not to call `runNestedSuites` if `testName` is defined. (The`OneInstancePerTest` trait depends on this behavior, for example.)

    Subclasses and subtraits that override this `run` method can implement them without invoking either the `runTests` or `runNestedSuites` methods, which are invoked by this trait's implementation of this method. It is recommended, but not required, that subclasses and subtraits that override `run` in a way that does not invoke `runNestedSuites` also override `runNestedSuites` and make it final. Similarly it is recommended, but not required, that subclasses and subtraits that override `run` in a way that does not invoke `runTests` also override `runTests` (and `runTest`, which this trait's implementation of `runTests` calls) and make it final. The implementation of these final methods can either invoke the superclass implementation of the method, or throw an `UnsupportedOperationException` if appropriate. The reason for this recommendation is that ScalaTest includes several traits that override these methods to allow behavior to be mixed into a `Suite`. For example, trait`BeforeAndAfterEach` overrides `runTests`s. In a `Suite`subclass that no longer invokes `runTests` from `run`, the`BeforeAndAfterEach` trait is not applicable. Mixing it in would have no effect. By making `runTests` final in such a `Suite` subtrait, you make the attempt to mix `BeforeAndAfterEach` into a subclass of your subtrait a compiler error. (It would fail to compile with a complaint that `BeforeAndAfterEach`is trying to override `runTests`, which is a final method in your trait.)

    testName

      an optional name of one test to run. If `None`, all relevant tests should be run. I.e., `None` acts like a wildcard that means run all relevant tests in this `Suite`.

    reporter

      the `Reporter` to which results will be reported

    stopper

      the `Stopper` that will be consulted to determine whether to stop execution early.

    filter

      a `Filter` with which to filter tests based on their tags

    configMap

      a `Map` of key-value pairs that can be used by the executing `Suite` of tests.

    distributor

      an optional `Distributor`, into which to put nested `Suite`s to be run by another entity, such as concurrently by a pool of threads. If `None`, nested `Suite`s will be run sequentially.

    tracker

      a `Tracker` tracking `Ordinal`s being fired by the current thread.

    definition classes: FunSuite → Suite → AbstractSuite

43. #### def runNestedSuites(reporter: Reporter, stopper: Stopper, filter: Filter, configMap: Map[String, Any], distributor: Option[Distributor], tracker: Tracker): Unit

    Run zero to many of this `Suite`'s nested `Suite`s.

    Run zero to many of this `Suite`'s nested `Suite`s.

    If the passed `distributor` is `None`, this trait's implementation of this method invokes `run` on each nested `Suite` in the `List` obtained by invoking `nestedSuites`. If a nested `Suite`'s `run`method completes abruptly with an exception, this trait's implementation of this method reports that the `Suite` aborted and attempts to run the next nested `Suite`. If the passed `distributor` is defined, this trait's implementation puts each nested `Suite`into the `Distributor` contained in the `Some`, in the order in which the`Suite`s appear in the `List` returned by `nestedSuites`, passing in a new `Tracker` obtained by invoking `nextTracker` on the `Tracker`passed to this method.

    Implementations of this method are responsible for ensuring `SuiteStarting` events are fired to the `Reporter` before executing any nested `Suite`, and either `SuiteCompleted`or `SuiteAborted` after executing any nested `Suite`.

    reporter

      the `Reporter` to which results will be reported

    stopper

      the `Stopper` that will be consulted to determine whether to stop execution early.

    filter

      a `Filter` with which to filter tests based on their tags

    configMap

      a `Map` of key-value pairs that can be used by the executing `Suite` of tests.

    distributor

      an optional `Distributor`, into which to put nested `Suite`s to be run by another entity, such as concurrently by a pool of threads. If `None`, nested `Suite`s will be run sequentially.

    tracker

      a `Tracker` tracking `Ordinal`s being fired by the current thread.

    attributes: protected
    definition classes: Suite → AbstractSuite

44. #### def runTest(testName: String, reporter: Reporter, stopper: Stopper, configMap: Map[String, Any], tracker: Tracker): Unit

    Run a test.

    Run a test. This trait's implementation runs the test registered with the name specified by `testName`.

    testName

      the name of one test to run.

    reporter

      the `Reporter` to which results will be reported

    stopper

      the `Stopper` that will be consulted to determine whether to stop execution early.

    configMap

      a `Map` of properties that can be used by the executing `Suite` of tests.

    tracker

      a `Tracker` tracking `Ordinal`s being fired by the current thread.

    attributes: protected
    definition classes: FunSuite → Suite → AbstractSuite

45. #### def runTests(testName: Option[String], reporter: Reporter, stopper: Stopper, filter: Filter, configMap: Map[String, Any], distributor: Option[Distributor], tracker: Tracker): Unit

    Run zero to many of this `Spec`'s tests.

    Run zero to many of this `Spec`'s tests.

    testName

      an optional name of one test to run. If `None`, all relevant tests should be run. I.e., `None` acts like a wildcard that means run all relevant tests in this `Suite`.

    reporter

      the `Reporter` to which results will be reported

    stopper

      the `Stopper` that will be consulted to determine whether to stop execution early.

    filter

      a `Filter` with which to filter tests based on their tags

    configMap

      a `Map` of key-value pairs that can be used by the executing `Suite` of tests.

    distributor

      an optional `Distributor`, into which to put nested `Suite`s to be run by another entity, such as concurrently by a pool of threads. If `None`, nested `Suite`s will be run sequentially.

    tracker

      a `Tracker` tracking `Ordinal`s being fired by the current thread.

    attributes: protected
    definition classes: FunSuite → Suite → AbstractSuite

46. #### def suiteName: String

    A user-friendly suite name for this `Suite`.

    A user-friendly suite name for this `Suite`.

    This trait's implementation of this method returns the simple name of this object's class. This trait's implementation of `runNestedSuites` calls this method to obtain a name for `Report`s to pass to the `suiteStarting`, `suiteCompleted`, and `suiteAborted` methods of the `Reporter`.

    returns

      this `Suite` object's suite name.

    definition classes: Suite

47. #### def synchronized[T0](arg0: T0): T0

    attributes: final
    definition classes: AnyRef

48. #### def tags: Map[String, Set[String]]

    A `Map` whose keys are `String` tag names to which tests in this `FunSuite` belong, and values the `Set` of test names that belong to each tag.

    A `Map` whose keys are `String` tag names to which tests in this `FunSuite` belong, and values the `Set` of test names that belong to each tag. If this `FunSuite` contains no tags, this method returns an empty `Map`.

    This trait's implementation returns tags that were passed as strings contained in `Tag` objects passed to methods `test` and `ignore`.

    definition classes: FunSuite → Suite → AbstractSuite

49. #### def test(testName: String, testTags: Tag*)(f: ⇒ Unit): Unit

    Register a test with the specified name, optional tags, and function value that takes no arguments.

    Register a test with the specified name, optional tags, and function value that takes no arguments. This method will register the test for later execution via an invocation of one of the `run`methods. The passed test name must not have been registered previously on this `FunSuite` instance.

    testName

      the name of the test

    testTags

      the optional list of tags for this test

    attributes: protected

50. #### def testNames: Set[String]

    An immutable `Set` of test names.

    An immutable `Set` of test names. If this `FunSuite` contains no tests, this method returns an empty `Set`.

    This trait's implementation of this method will return a set that contains the names of all registered tests. The set's iterator will return those names in the order in which the tests were registered.

    definition classes: FunSuite → Suite → AbstractSuite

51. #### def testsFor(unit: Unit): Unit

    Registers shared tests.

    Registers shared tests.

    This method enables the following syntax for shared tests in a `FunSuite`:

        testsFor(nonEmptyStack(lastValuePushed))

    This method just provides syntax sugar intended to make the intent of the code clearer. Because the parameter passed to it is type `Unit`, the expression will be evaluated before being passed, which is sufficient to register the shared tests. For examples of shared tests, see theShared tests section in the main documentation for this trait.

    attributes: protected

52. #### def toString(): String

    Returns a string representation of the object.

    Returns a string representation of the object.

    The default representation is platform dependent.

    returns

      a string representation of the object.

    definition classes: AnyRef → Any

53. #### def wait(): Unit

    attributes: final
    definition classes: AnyRef

54. #### def wait(arg0: Long, arg1: Int): Unit

    attributes: final
    definition classes: AnyRef

55. #### def wait(arg0: Long): Unit

    attributes: final
    definition classes: AnyRef

56. #### def withFixture(test: NoArgTest): Unit

    Run the passed test function in the context of a fixture established by this method.

    Run the passed test function in the context of a fixture established by this method.

    This method should set up the fixture needed by the tests of the current suite, invoke the test function, and if needed, perform any clean up needed after the test completes. Because the `NoArgTest` function passed to this method takes no parameters, preparing the fixture will require side effects, such as reassigning instance `var`s in this `Suite` or initializing a globally accessible external database. If you want to avoid reassigning instance `var`s you can use FixtureSuite.

    This trait's implementation of `runTest` invokes this method for each test, passing in a `NoArgTest` whose `apply` method will execute the code of the test.

    This trait's implementation of this method simply invokes the passed `NoArgTest` function.

    test

      the no-arg test function to run with a fixture

    attributes: protected
    definition classes: Suite → AbstractSuite