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*RIGID BODY

Keyword type: model definition

With this card a rigid body can be defined consisting of nodes or elements. Optional parameters are REF NODE and ROT NODE.

One of the parameters NSET or ELSET is required. Use NSET to define a rigid body consisting of the nodes belonging to a node set and ELSET for a rigid body consisting of the elements belonging to an element set. In the latter case, the rigid body really consists of the nodes belonging to the elements. The parameters NSET and ELSET are mutually exclusive. The rigid body definition ensures that the distance between any pair of nodes belonging to the body does not change during deformation. This means that the degrees of freedom are reduced to six: three translational and three rotational degrees of freedom. Thus, the motion is reduced to a translation of a reference node and a rotation about that node.

The reference node can be specified by the parameter REF NODE and should have been assigned coordinates using the *NODE card. The reference node can belong to the rigid body, but does not necessarily have to. For the rotational degrees of freedom a dummy rotational node is used whose translational degrees of freedom are interpreted as the rotations about the reference node. Thus, the first degree of freedom is used as the rotation about the x-axis of the rigid body, the second as the the rotation about the y-axis and the third as the rotation about the z-axix. The rotational node can be defined explicitly using the parameter ROT NODE. In that case, this node must be been assigned coordinates and should not belong to any element of the structure. If a rotational node is specified, a translational node has to be specified as well having a node number not exceeding the rotational node number. Indeed, the specification of a rotational node without specifying a translational node does not make physically sense.

In the absence of any of the parameters REF NODE or ROT NODE, extra nodes are generated internally assuming their tasks. However, defining the nodes explicitly can be useful if a rotation about a specific point is to be defined (using *BOUNDARY or *CLOAD), or if rigid body values (displacements or forces) are to be printed using *NODE PRINT. Notice that a force defined in a rotational node has the meaning of a moment.

Internally, a rigid body is enforced by using nonlinear multiple point constraints (MPC). If NLGEOM is not specified on the *STEP card, the MPC is linearized. Note that depending on the degree of nonlinearity of the MPC linearization can lead to significant errors in the results. It is generally advisable to start with a linear calculation to check the correctness of the structure, loading and boundary conditions. If the linear calculation runs satisfactorily, a geometrically nonlinear calculation should be performed.

If the participating nodes in a rigid body definition lie on a straight line, the rigid body rotation about the line is not defined and an error will occur. To remove the rotational degree of freedom, specify that the rotation about the axis is zero. If is a unit normal on the axis and is the displacement of the ROT NODE, this results in a linear MPC of the form to be specified by the user by means of a *EQUATION card.

First and only line:

- *RIGID BODY
- Enter any needed parameters and their values

    Example:

    *RIGID BODY,NSET=rigid1,REF NODE=100,ROT NODE=101

defines a rigid body consisting of the nodes belonging to node set rigid1 with reference node 100 and rotational node 101.

Using

    *CLOAD
    101,3,0.1

in the same input deck (see *CLOAD) defines a moment about the z-axis of 0.1 acting on the rigid body.

Example files: beamrb.

Next: *SELECT CYCLIC SYMMETRY MODES Up: Input deck format Previous: *PLASTIC Contents