Bacula 1.36 User's Guide |
Configuring Bacula | Index | Critical Items Before Going Production
# Bacula Console ## General The Bacula Console (sometimes called the User Agent) is a program that allows the user or the System Administrator, to interact with the Bacula Director daemon while the daemon is running. The current Bacula Console comes in two versions: a shell interface (TTY style), and a GNOME GUI interface. Both permit the administrator or authorized users to interact with Bacula. You can determine the status of a particular job, examine the contents of the Catalog as well as perform certain tape manipulations with the Console program. In addition, there is a wx-console built with wxWidgets that allows a graphic restore of files. As of version 1.34.1 it is in an early stage of development, but it quite useful. Since the Console program interacts with the Director by the network, your Console and Director programs do not necessarily need to run on the same machine. In fact, a certain minimal knowledge of the Console program is needed in order for Bacula to be able to write on more than one tape, because when Bacula requests a new tape, it waits until the user, via the Console program, indicates that the new tape is mounted. ## Configuration When the Console starts, it reads a standard Bacula configuration file named bconsole.conf or gnome-console.conf in the case of the GNOME Console version. This file allows default configuration of the Console, and at the current time, the only Resource Record defined is the Director resource, which gives the Console the name and address of the Director. For more information on configuration of the Console program, please see the Console Configuration File Chapter of this document. ## Running the Console Program After launching the Console program (bconsole), it will prompt you for the next command with an asterisk (*). (Note, in the GNOME version, the prompt is not present; you simply enter the commands you want in the command text box at the bottom of the screen.) Generally, for all commands, you can simply enter the command name and the Console program will prompt you for the necessary arguments. Alternatively, in most cases, you may enter the command followed by arguments. The general format is:
     <command> <keyword1>[=<argument1>] <keyword2>[=<argument2>] ...
where command is one of the commands listed below; keyword is one of the keywords listed below (usually followed by an argument); and argument is the value. The command may be abbreviated to the shortest unique form. If two commands have the same starting letters, the one that will be selected is the one that appears first in the help listing. If you want the second command, simply spell out the full command. None of the keywords following the command may be abbreviated. For example:
    list files jobid=23
will list all files saved for JobId 23. Or:
    show pools
  will display all the Pool resource records. ## Stopping the Console Program Normally, you simply enter quit or exit and the Console program will terminate. However, it waits until the Director acknowledges the command. If the Director is already doing a lengthy command (e.g. prune), it may take some time. If you want to immediately terminate the Console program, enter the .quit command. There is currently no way to interrupt a Console command once issued (i.e. ctl-C does not work). However, if you are at a prompt that is asking you to select one of several possibilities and you would like to abort the command, you can enter a period (.), and in most cases, you will either be returned to the main command prompt or if appropriate the previous prompt (in the case of nested prompts). In a few places such as where it is asking for a Volume name, the period will be taken to be the Volume name. In that case, you will most likely be able to cancel at the next prompt. ## Alphabetic List of Console Commands The following commands are currently implemented: add [pool=<pool-name> storage=<storage> jobid=<JobId>] This command is used to add Volumes to an existing Pool. The Volume names entered are placed in the Catalog and thus become available for backup operations. Normally, the label command is used rather than this command because the label command labels the physical media (tape) and does the equivalent of the add command. This command affects only the Catalog and not the physical media (data on Volumes). The physical media must exist and be labeled before use (usually with the label command). This command can, however, be useful if you wish to add a number of Volumes to the Pool that will be physically labeled at a later time. It can also be useful if you are importing a tape from another site. Please see the label command below for the list of legal characters in a Volume name. autodisplay on/off This command accepts on or off as an argument, and turns auto-display of messages on or off respectively. The default for the console program is off, which means that you will be notified when there are console messages pending, but they will not automatically be displayed. The default for the gnome-console program is on, which means that messages will be displayed when they are received (usually within 5 seconds of them being generated). When autodisplay is turned off, you must explicitly retrieve the messages with the messages command. When autodisplay is turned on, the messages will be displayed on the console as they are received. automount on/off This command accepts on or off as the argument, and turns auto-mounting of the tape after a label command on or off respectively. The default is on. If automount is turned off, you must explicitly mount the tape after a label command to use it. cancel [jobid=<number> job=<job-name>] This command is used to cancel a job and accepts jobid=nnn or job=xxx as an argument where nnn is replaced by the JobId and xxx is replaced by the job name. If you do not specify a keyword, the Console program will prompt you with the names of all the active jobs allowing you to choose one. Once a Job is marked to be canceled, it may take a bit of time (generally within a minute) before it actually terminates, depending on what operations it is doing. create [pool=<pool-name>] This command is used to create a Pool record in the database using the Pool resource record defined in the Director's configuration file. So in a sense, this command simply transfers the information from the Pool resource in the configuration file into the Catalog. Normally this command is done automatically for you when the Director starts providing the Pool is referenced within a Job resource. If you use this command on an existing Pool, it will automatically update the Catalog to have the same information as the Pool resource. After creating a Pool, you will most likely use the label command to label one or more volumes and add their names to the Media database. When starting a Job, if Bacula determines that there is no Pool record in the database, but there is a Pool resource of the appropriate name, it will create it for you. If you want the Pool record to appear in the database immediately, simply use this command to force it to be created. delete [volume=<vol-name> pool=<pool-name> job jobid=<id>] The delete command is used to delete a Volume, Pool or Job record from the Catalog as well as all associated Volume records that were created. This command operates only on the Catalog database and has no effect on the actual data written to a Volume. This command can be dangerous and we strongly recommend that you do not use it unless you know what you are doing. If the keyword Volume appears on the command line, the named Volume will be deleted from the catalog, if the keyword Pool appears on the command line, a Pool will be deleted, and if the keyword Job appears on the command line, a Job and all its associated records (File and JobMedia) will be deleted from the catalog. The full form of this command is: delete pool=<pool-name> or delete volume=<volume-name> pool=<pool-name> or delete JobId=<job-id> JobId=<job-id2> ... or delete Job JobId=n,m,o-r,t ... The first form deletes a Pool record from the catalog database. The second form deletes a Volume record from the specified pool in the catalog database. The third form delete the specified Job record from the catalog database. The last form deletes JobId records for JobIds n,m,o,p, q,r, and t. When each one of the n,m,... is, of course, a number. estimate Using this command, you can get an idea how many files will be backed up, or if you are unsure about your Include statements in your FileSet, you can test them without doing an actual backup. The default is to assume a Full backup. However, you can override this by specifying a level=Incremental or level=Differential on the command line. A Job name must be specified or you will be prompted for one, and optionally a Client and FileSet may be specified on the command line. It then contacts the client which computes the number of files and bytes that would be backed up. Please note that this is an estimated calculated from the number of blocks in the file rather than by reading the actual bytes. As such, the estimated backup size will generally be larger than an actual backup. Optionally you may specify the keyword listing in which case, all the files to be backed up will be listed. Note, it could take quite some time to display them if the backup is large. The full form is: estimate job=<job-name> listing client=<client-name> fileset=<fileset-name> level=<level-name> Specification of the job is sufficient, but you can also override the client, fileset and/or level by specifying them on the estimate command line. As an example, you might do:
           @output /tmp/listing
           estimate job=NightlySave listing level=Incremental
           @output
  which will do a full listing of all files to be backed up for the Job NightlySave during an Incremental save and put it in the file /tmp/listing. help This command displays the list of commands available. label This command is used to label physical volumes. The full form of this command is: label storage=<storage-name> volume=<volume-name> slot=<slot> If you leave out any part, you will be prompted for it. The media type is automatically taken from the Storage resource definition that you supply. Once the necessary information is obtained, the Console program contacts the specified Storage daemon and requests that the tape be labeled. If the tape labeling is successful, the Console program will create a Volume record in the appropriate Pool. The Volume name is restricted to letters, numbers, and the special characters hyphen (-), underscore (_), colon (:), and period (.). All other characters including a space are illegal. This restriction is to ensure good readability of Volume names to reduce operator errors. Please note, when labeling a blank tape, Bacula will get read I/O error when it attempts to ensure that the tape is already labeled. If you wish to avoid getting these messages, please write and EOF mark on your tape before attempting to label it:
             mt rewind
             mt weof
  The label command can fail for a number of reasons: The Volume name you specify is already in the Volume database. The Storage daemon has a tape already mounted on the device, in which case you must unmount the device, insert a blank tape, then do the label command. The tape in the device is already a Bacula labeled tape. (Bacula will never relabel a Bacula labeled tape unless it is recycled and you use the relabel command). There is no tape in the drive. There are two ways to relabel a volume that already has a Bacula label. The brute force method is to write an end of file mark on the tape using the system mt program, something like the following:
             mt -f /dev/st0 rewind
             mt -f /dev/st0 weof
  Then you use the label command to add a new label. However, this could leave traces of the old volume in the catalog. The preferable method to relabel a tape is to first purge the volume, either automatically, or explicitly with the purge command, then use the relabel command described below. If your autochanger has barcode labels, you can label all the Volumes in your autochanger one after another by using the label barcodes command. For each tape in the changer containing a barcode, Bacula will mount the tape and then label it with the same name as the barcode. An appropriate Media record will also be created in the catalog. Any barcode that begins with the same characters as specified on the "CleaningPrefix=xxx" command, will be treated as a cleaning tape, and will not be labeled. For example with:
              Pool {
                Name ...
                Cleaning Prefix = "CLN"
              }
  Any slot containing a barcode of CLNxxxx will be treated as a cleaning tape and will not be mounted. Note, the full form of the command is:
      update storage=xxx pool=yyy slots=1-5,10 barcodes
  list The list command lists the requested contents of the Catalog. The various fields of each record are listed on a single line. If there The various forms of the list command are: list jobs list jobid=<id> list job=<job-name> list jobmedia list jobmedia jobid=<id> list jobmedia job=<job-name> list files jobid=<id> list files job=<job-name> list pools list clients list jobtotals list volumes list volumes jobid=<id> list volumes pool=<pool-name> list volumes job=<job-name> list volume=<volume-name> list nextvolume job=<job-name> list nextvol job=<job-name> What most of the above commands do should be more or less obvious. In general if you do not specify all the command line arguments, the command will prompt you for what is needed. The list nextvol command will print the Volume name to be used by the specified job. You should be aware that exactly what Volume will be used depends on a lot of factors including the time and what a prior job will do. It may fill a tape that is not full when you issue this command. As a consequence, this command will give you a good estimate of what Volume will be used but not a definitive answer. In addition, this command may have certain side effect because it runs through the same algorithm as a job, which means it may automatically purge or recycle a Volume. If you wish to add specialized commands that list the contents of the catalog, you can do so by adding them to the query.sql file. However, this takes some knowledge of programming SQL. Please see the query command below for additional information. See below for listing the full contents of a catalog record with the llist command. As an example, the command list pools might produce the following output:
      +------+---------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+
      | PoId | Name    | NumVols | MaxVols | PoolType | LabelFormat |
      +------+---------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+
      |    1 | Default |       0 |       0 | Backup   | *           |
      |    2 | Recycle |       0 |       8 | Backup   | File        |
      +------+---------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+
  As mentioned above, the list command lists what is in the database. Some things are put into the database immediately when Bacula starts up, but in general, most things are put in only when they are first used, which is the case for a Client as with Job records, etc. Bacula should create a client record in the database the first time you run a job for that client. Doing a status will not cause a database record to be created. The client database record will be created whether or not job fails, but it must at least start. When the Client is actually contacted, additional info from the client will be added to the client record (a "uname -a" output). If you want to see what Client resources you have available in your conf file, you use the Console command show clients. llist The llist or "long list" command takes all the same arguments that the list command described above does. The difference is that the llist command list the full contents of each database record selected. It does so by listing the various fields of the record vertically, with one field per line. It is possible to produce a very large number of output lines with this command. If instead of the list pools as in the example above, you enter llist pools you might get the following output:
                PoolId: 1
                  Name: Default
               NumVols: 0
               MaxVols: 0
               UseOnce: 0
            UseCatalog: 1
       AcceptAnyVolume: 1
          VolRetention: 1,296,000
        VolUseDuration: 86,400
            MaxVolJobs: 0
           MaxVolBytes: 0
             AutoPrune: 0
               Recycle: 1
              PoolType: Backup
           LabelFormat: *

                PoolId: 2
                  Name: Recycle
               NumVols: 0
               MaxVols: 8
               UseOnce: 0
            UseCatalog: 1
       AcceptAnyVolume: 1
          VolRetention: 3,600
        VolUseDuration: 3,600
            MaxVolJobs: 1
           MaxVolBytes: 0
             AutoPrune: 0
               Recycle: 1
              PoolType: Backup
           LabelFormat: File
  messages This command causes any pending console messages to be immediately displayed. mount The mount command is used to get Bacula to read a volume on a physical device. It is a way to tell Bacula that you have mounted a tape and that Bacula should examine the tape. This command is used only after there was no Volume in a drive and Bacula requests you to mount a new Volume or when you have specifically unmounted a Volume with the unmount console command, which causes Bacula to close the drive. If you have an autoloader, the mount command will not cause Bacula to operate the autoloader. The various forms of the mount command are: mount storage=<storage-name> mount [ jobid=<id> | job=<job-name> ] If you have specified Automatic Mount = yes in the Storage daemon's Device resource, under most circumstances, Bacula will automatically access the Volume unless you have explicitly unmounted it in the Console program. prune The Prune command allows you to safely remove expired database records from Jobs and Volumes. This command works only on the Catalog database and does not affect data written to Volumes. In all cases, the Prune command applies a retention period to the specified records. You can Prune expired File entries from Job records; you can Prune expired Job records from the database, and you can Prune both expired Job and File records from specified Volumes. prune files|jobs|volume client=<client-name> volume=<volume-name> For a Volume to be pruned, the VolStatus must be Full, Used, or Append, otherwise the pruning will not take place. purge The Purge command will delete associated Catalog database records from Jobs and Volumes without considering the retention period. Purge works only on the Catalog database and does not affect data written to Volumes. This command can be dangerous because you can delete catalog records associated with current backups of files, and we recommend that you do not use it unless you know what you are doing. The permitted forms of purge are: purge files jobid=<jobid>|job=<job-name>|client=<client-name> purge jobs client=<client-name> (of all jobs) purge volume|volume=<vol-name> (of all jobs) For the purge command to work on Volume Catalog database records the VolStatus must be Append, Full, Used, or Error. The actual data written to the Volume will be unaffected by this command. relabel This command is used to label physical volumes. The full form of this command is: relabel storage=<storage-name> volume=<newvolume-name> name=<old-volume-name> If you leave out any part, you will be prompted for it. In order for the Volume (old-volume-name) to be relabeled, it must be in the catalog, and the volume status must be marked Purged or Recycle. This happens automatically as a result of applying retention periods, or you may explicitly purge the volume using the purge command. Once the volume is physically relabeled, the old data written on the Volume is lost and cannot be recovered. release This command is used to cause the Storage daemon to rewind (release) the current tape in the drive, and to re-read the Volume label the next time the tape is used. release storage=<storage-name> After a release command, the device is still kept open by Bacula (unless Always Open is set to No in the Storage Daemon's configuration) so it cannot be used by another program. However, with some tape drives, the operator can remove the current tape and to insert a different one, and when the next Job starts, Bacula will know to re-read the tape label to find out what tape is mounted. If you want to be able to use the drive with another program (e.g. mt), you must use the unmount command to cause Bacula to completely release (close) the device. restore The restore command allows you to select one or more Jobs (JobIds) to be restored using various methods. Once the JobIds are selected, the File records for those Jobs are placed in an internal Bacula directory tree, and the restore enters a file selection mode that allows you to interactively walk up and down the file tree selecting individual files to be restored. This mode is somewhat similar to the standard Unix restore program's interactive file selection mode. restore storage=<storage-name> client=<client-name> where=<path> pool=<pool-name> fileset=<fileset-name> select current all done Where current, if specified, tells the restore command to automatically select a restore to the most current backup. If not specified, you will be prompted. The all specification tells the restore command to restore all files. If it is not specified, you will be prompted for the files to restore. For details of the restore command, please see the Restore Chapter of this manual. run This command allows you to schedule jobs to be run immediately. The full form of the command is: run job=<job-name> client=<client-name> fileset=<FileSet-name> level=<level-keyword> storage=<storage-name> where=<directory-prefix> when=<universal-time-specification> yes Any information that is needed but not specified will be listed for selection, and before starting the job, you will be prompted to accept, reject, or modify the parameters of the job to be run, unless you have specified yes, in which case the job will be immediately sent to the scheduler. On my system, when I enter a run command, I get the following prompt:
      A job name must be specified.
      The defined Job resources are:
           1: Matou
           2: Polymatou
           3: Rufus
           4: Minimatou
           5: Minou
           6: PmatouVerify
           7: MatouVerify
           8: RufusVerify
           9: Watchdog
      Select Job resource (1-9):
  If I then select number 5, I am prompted with:
      Run Backup job
      JobName:  Minou
      FileSet:  Minou Full Set
      Level:    Incremental
      Client:   Minou
      Storage:  DLTDrive
      Pool:     Default
      When:     2003-04-23 17:08:18
      OK to run? (yes/mod/no):
  If I now enter yes, the Job will be run. If I enter mod, I will be presented with the following prompt.
      Parameters to modify:
           1: Level
           2: Storage
           3: Job
           4: FileSet
           5: Client
           6: When
           7: Pool
      Select parameter to modify (1-7):
  If you wish to start a job at a later time, you can do so by setting the When time. Use the mod option and select When (no. 6). Then enter the desired start time in YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS format. setdebug This command is used to set the debug level in each daemon. The form of this command is: setdebug level=nn [trace=0/1 client=<client-name> | dir | director | storage=<storage-name> | all] If trace=1 is set, then the tracing will be enabled, and the daemon where the setdebug applies will be placed in trace mode, and all debug output will go to the file bacula.trace in the current directory of the daemon. Normally, tracing is used only for Win32 clients where the debug output cannot be written to a terminal or redirected to a file. When tracing, each debug output message is appended to the trace file. You must explicitly delete the file when you are done. show The show command will list the Director's resource records as defined in the Director's configuration file (normally bacula-dir.conf). This command is used mainly for debugging purposes by developers. The following keywords are accepted on the show command line: directors, clients, counters, jobs, storages, catalogs, schedules, filesets, groups, pools, messages, all, help. Please don't confuse this command with the list, which displays the contents of the catalog. sqlquery The sqlquery command puts the Console program into SQL query mode where each line you enter is concatenated to the previous line until a semicolon (;) is seen. The semicolon terminates the command, which is then passed directly to the SQL database engine. When the output from the SQL engine is displayed, the formation of a new SQL command begins. To terminate SQL query mode and return to the Console command prompt, you enter a period (.) in column 1. Using this command, you can query the SQL catalog database directly. Note you should really know what you are doing otherwise you could damage the catalog database. See the query command below for simpler and safer way of entering SQL queries. Depending on what database engine you are using (MySQL or SQLite), you will have somewhat different SQL commands available. For more detailed information, please refer to the MySQL or SQLite documentation. status This command will display the status of the next jobs that are scheduled during the next twenty-four hours as well as the status of currently running jobs. The full form of this command is: status [all | dir=<dir-name> | director | client=<client-name> | storage=<storage-name>] If you do a status dir, the console will list any currently running jobs, a summary of all jobs scheduled to be run in the next 24 hours, and a listing of the last 10 terminated jobs with their statuses. The scheduled jobs summary will include the Volume name to be used. You should be aware of two things: 1. to obtain the volume name, the code goes through the same code that will be used when the job runs, which means that it may prune or recycle a Volume; 2. The Volume listed is only a best guess. The Volume actually used may be different because of the time difference (more durations may expire when the job runs) and another job could completely fill the Volume requiring a new one. In the Running Jobs listing, you may find the following types of information:
      2507 Catalog MatouVerify.2004-03-13_05.05.02 is waiting execution
      5349 Full    CatalogBackup.2004-03-13_01.10.00 is waiting for higher
                   priority jobs to finish
      5348 Differe Minou.2004-03-13_01.05.09 is waiting on max Storage jobs
      5343 Full    Rufus.2004-03-13_01.05.04 is running
  Looking at the above listing from bottom to top, obviously JobId 5343 (Rufus) is running. JobId 5348 (Minou) is waiting for JobId 5343 to finish because it is using the Storage resource, hence the "waiting on max Storage jobs". JobId 5349 has a lower priority than all the other jobs so it is waiting for higher priority jobs to finish, and finally, JobId 2508 (MatouVerify) is waiting because only one job can run at a time, hence it is simply "waiting execution". unmount This command causes the indicated Bacula Storage daemon to unmount the specified device. The forms of the command are the same as the mount command: unmount storage=<storage-name> unmount [ jobid=<id> | job=<job-name> ] update This command will update catalog for either a specific Pool record, a Volume record, or the Slots in an autochanger with barcode capability. In the case of updating a Pool record, the new information will be automatically taken from the corresponding Director's configuration resource record. It can be used to increase the maximum number of volumes permitted or to set a maximum number of volumes. The following main keywords may be specified: media, volume, pool, slots In the case of updating a Volume, you will be prompted for which value you wish to change. The following Volume parameters may be changed:
               Volume Status
               Volume Retention Period
               Volume Use Duration
               Maximum Volume Jobs
               Maximum Volume Files
               Maximum Volume Bytes
               Recycle Flag
               Slot
               InChanger Flag
               Pool
               Volume Files
               Volume from Pool
               All Volumes from Pool
  For slots update slots, Bacula will obtain a list of slots and their barcodes from the Storage daemon, and for each barcode found, it will automatically update the slot in the catalog Media record to correspond to the new value. This is very useful if you have moved cassettes in the magazine, or if you have removed the magazine and inserted a different one. As the slot of each Volume is updated, the InChanger flag for that Volume will also be set, and any other Volumes in the Pool will have their InChanger flag turned off. This permits Bacula to know what magazine (tape holder) is currently in the autochanger. If you do not have barcodes, you can accomplish the same thing in version 1.33 and later by using the update slots scan command. The scan keyword tells Bacula to physically mount each tape and to read its VolumeName. For Pool update pool, Bacula will move the Volume record from its existing poole to the pool specified. For Volume from Pool and All Volumes from Pool, the following values are updated from the Pool record: Recycle, VolRetention, VolUseDuration, MaxVolJobs, MaxVolFiles, and MaxVolBytes. The full form of the update command with all command line arguments is:
             update volume=xxx pool=yyy slots volstatus=xxx VolRetention=ddd
               VolUse=ddd MaxVolJobs=nnn MaxVolBytes=nnn Recycle=yes/no
               slot=nnn
  use This command allows you to specify which Catalog database to use. Normally, you will be using only one database so this will be done automatically. In the case that you are using more than one database, you can use this command to switch from one to another. use <database-name> var This command takes a string or quoted string and does variable expansion on it the same way variable expansion is done on the LabelFormat string. Thus, for the most part, you can test your LabelFormat strings. The difference between the var command and the actual LabelFormat process is that during the var command, no job is running so "dummy" values are used in place of Job specific variables. Generally, however, you will get a good idea of what is going to happen in the real case. version The command prints the Director's version. quit This command terminates the console program. The console program sends the quit request to the Director and waits for acknowledgment. If the Director is busy doing a previous command for you that has not terminated, it may take some time. You may quit immediately by issuing the .quit command (i.e. quit preceded by a period). query This command reads a predefined SQL query from the query file (the name and location of the query file is defined with the QueryFile resource record in the Director's configuration file). You are prompted to select a query from the file, and possibly enter one or more parameters, then the command is submitted to the Catalog database SQL engine. The following queries are currently available (version 1.24):
      Available queries:
        1: List Job totals:
        2: List where a file is saved:
        3: List where the most recent copies of a file are saved:
        4: List total files/bytes by Job:
        5: List total files/bytes by Volume:
        6: List last 20 Full Backups for a Client:
        7: List Volumes used by selected JobId:
        8: List Volumes to Restore All Files:
        9: List where a File is saved:
      Choose a query (1-9):
exit This command terminates the console program. wait The wait command causes the Director to pause until there are no jobs running. This command is useful in a batch situation such as regression testing where you wish to start a job and wait until that job completes before continuing. ## Special dot Commands There is a list of commands that are prefixed with a period (.). These commands are intended to be used either by batch programs or graphical user interface front-ends. They are not normally used by interactive users. Once GUI development begins, this list will be considerably expanded. The following is the list of dot commands:
    .die         cause the Director to segment fault (for debugging)
    .jobs        list all job names
    .filesets    list all fileset names
    .clients     list all client names
    .msgs        return any queued messages
    .quit        quit
    .exit        quit
  ## Special At (@) Commands Normally, all commands entered to the Console program are immediately forwarded to the Director, which may be on another machine, to be executed. However, there is a small list of at commands, all beginning with a at character (@), that will not be sent to the Director, but rather interpreted by the Console program directly. Note, these commands are implemented only in the tty console program and not in the GNOME Console. These commands are: @input <filename> Read and execute the commands contained in the file specified. @output <filename> w/a Send all following output to the filename specified either overwriting the file (w) or appending to the file (a). To redirect the output to the terminal, simply enter @output without a filename specification. WARNING: be careful not to overwrite a valid file. A typical example during a regression test might be:
          @output /dev/null
          commands ...
          @output
@tee <filename> w/a Send all subsequent output to both the specified file and the terminal. It is turned off by specifying @tee or @output without a filename. @sleep <seconds> Sleep the specified number of seconds. @time Print the current time and date. @version Print the console's version. @quit quit @exit quit @# anything Comment ## Running the Console Program from a Shell Script You can automate many Console tasks by running the console program from a shell script. For example, if you have created a file containing the following commands:
     ./bconsole -c ./bconsole.conf <<END_OF_DATA
     unmount storage=DDS-4
     quit
     END_OF_DATA
when that file is executed, it will unmount the current DDS-4 storage device. You might want to run this command during a Job by using the RunBeforeJob or RunAfterJob records. It is also possible to run the Console program from file input where the file contains the commands as follows:
    ./bconsole -c ./bconsole.conf <filename
where the file named filename contains any set of console commands. As a real example, the following script is part of the Bacula regression tests. It labels a volume (a disk volume), runs a backup, then does a restore of the files saved.
    bin/bconsole -c bin/bconsole.conf <<END_OF_DATA
    @output /dev/null
    messages
    @output /tmp/log1.out
    label volume=TestVolume001
    run job=Client1 yes
    wait
    messages
    @#
    @# now do a restore
    @#
    @output /tmp/log2.out
    restore current all
    yes
    wait
    messages
    @output
    quit
    END_OF_DATA
The output from the backup is directed to /tmp/log1.out and the output from the restore is directed to /tmp/log2.out. To ensure that the backup and restore ran correctly, the output files are checked with:
    grep "^Termination: *Backup OK" /tmp/log1.out
    backupstat=$?
    grep "^Termination: *Restore OK" /tmp/log2.out
    restorestat=$?
## Adding Volumes to a Pool If you have used the label command to label a Volume, it will be automatically added to the Pool, and you will not need to add any media to the pool. Alternatively, you may choose to add a number of Volumes to the pool without labeling them. At a later time when the Volume is requested by Bacula you will need to label it. Before adding a volume, you must know the following information: The name of the Pool (normally "Default") The Media Type as specified in the Storage Resource in the Director's configuration file (e.g. "DLT8000") The number and names of the Volumes you wish to create. For example, to add media to a Pool, you would issue the following commands to the console program:
    *add
    Enter name of Pool to add Volumes to: Default
    Enter the Media Type: DLT8000
    Enter number of Media volumes to create. Max=1000: 10
    Enter base volume name: Save
    Enter the starting number: 1
    10 Volumes created in pool Default
    *
To see what you have added, enter:
    *list media pool=Default
    +-------+----------+---------+---------+-------+------------------+
    | MedId | VolumeNa | MediaTyp| VolStat | Bytes | LastWritten      |
    +-------+----------+---------+---------+-------+------------------+
    |    11 | Save0001 | DLT8000 | Append  |     0 | 0000-00-00 00:00 |
    |    12 | Save0002 | DLT8000 | Append  |     0 | 0000-00-00 00:00 |
    |    13 | Save0003 | DLT8000 | Append  |     0 | 0000-00-00 00:00 |
    |    14 | Save0004 | DLT8000 | Append  |     0 | 0000-00-00 00:00 |
    |    15 | Save0005 | DLT8000 | Append  |     0 | 0000-00-00 00:00 |
    |    16 | Save0006 | DLT8000 | Append  |     0 | 0000-00-00 00:00 |
    |    17 | Save0007 | DLT8000 | Append  |     0 | 0000-00-00 00:00 |
    |    18 | Save0008 | DLT8000 | Append  |     0 | 0000-00-00 00:00 |
    |    19 | Save0009 | DLT8000 | Append  |     0 | 0000-00-00 00:00 |
    |    20 | Save0010 | DLT8000 | Append  |     0 | 0000-00-00 00:00 |
    +-------+----------+---------+---------+-------+------------------+
    *
Notice that the console program automatically appended a number to the base Volume name that you specify (Save in this case). If you don't want it to append a number, you can simply answer 0 (zero) to the question "Enter number of Media volumes to create. Max=1000:", and in this case, it will create a single Volume with the exact name you specify.
Configuring Bacula | Index | Critical Items Before Going Production
Bacula 1.36 User's Guide The Network Backup Solution | Copyright © 2000-2004 Kern Sibbald and John Walker