# The R base package

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z misc

! | Logical Operators
!= | Relational Operators
$ | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
%% | Arithmetic Operators
%*% | Matrix Multiplication
%/% | Arithmetic Operators
%in% | Value Matching
%o% | Outer Product of Arrays
%x% | Kronecker Product of Arrays
& | Logical Operators
&& | Logical Operators
* | Arithmetic Operators
+ | Arithmetic Operators
- | Arithmetic Operators
-> | Assign a Value to a Name
->> | Assign a Value to a Name
.Alias | Create Alias (Pointer) to R Object
.Autoloaded | Loading and Listing of Packages
.AutoloadEnv | On-demand Loading of Packages
.C | Foreign Function Interface
.Call | Foreign Function Interface
.Class | Internal and Group Methods and Generic Functions
.Defunct | Defunct Functions
.Deprecated | Deprecated Functions
.Device | Control Multiple Devices
.Devices | Control Multiple Devices
.Dyn.libs | Loading Shared Libraries
.External | Foreign Function Interface
.First | Initialization at Start of an R Session
.First.lib | Loading and Listing of Packages
.Fortran | Foreign Function Interface
.Generic | Internal and Group Methods and Generic Functions
.GlobalEnv | Environment Access
.Group | Internal and Group Methods and Generic Functions
.Internal | Call an Internal Function
.Last | Terminate an R Session
.Last.lib | Loading and Listing of Packages
.Last.value | Value of Last Evaluated Expression
.lib.loc | Loading and Listing of Packages
.Library | Loading and Listing of Packages
.Machine | Machine Characteristics
.Method | Internal and Group Methods and Generic Functions
.NotYetImplemented | Not Yet Implemented Functions and Unused Arguments
.NotYetUsed | Not Yet Implemented Functions and Unused Arguments
.Options | Options Settings
.packages | Loading and Listing of Packages
.Pars | Set or Query Graphical Parameters
.path.package | Loading and Listing of Packages
.Platform | Platform Specific Variables
.PostScript.Options | PostScript Graphics
.Primitive | Call a ``Primitive'' Internal Function
.Provided | Deprecated Functions
.Random.seed | Random Number Generation
.Rprofile | Initialization at Start of an R Session
.Traceback | Print Call Stack of Last Error
/ | Arithmetic Operators
: | Sequence Generation
< | Relational Operators
<= | Relational Operators
== | Relational Operators
> | Relational Operators
>= | Relational Operators
? | Documentation

## -- A --

abbreviate | Abbreviate Strings
abline | Add a Straight Line to a Plot
abs | Miscellaneous Mathematical Functions
acos | Trigonometric Functions
acosh | Hyperbolic Functions
add.scope | Compute Allowed Changes in Adding to or Dropping from a Formula
add1 | Add or Drop All Possible Single Terms to a Model
aggregate | Compute Summary Statistics of Data Subsets
airmiles | Commercial Airline Mileage
airquality | New York Air Quality Measurements
alias | Find Aliases (Dependencies) in a Model
alist | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
all | Are All Values True?
all.equal | Test if Two Objects are (Nearly) Equal
all.names | Find All Names in an Expression
all.vars | Find All Names in an Expression
anova | Anova Tables
anova.glm | Accessing Generalized Linear Model Fits
anova.glmlist | Accessing Generalized Linear Model Fits
anova.lm | Accessing Linear Model Fits
anova.mlm | Anova Tables
anovalist.lm | Accessing Linear Model Fits
anscombe | Anscombe's Quartet of ``Identical'' Simple Linear Regressions
any | Are Values True?
aov | Fit an Analysis of Variance Model
aperm | Array Transposition
append | Vector Merging
apply | Apply Functions Over Array Margins
approx | Interpolation Functions
approxfun | Interpolation Functions
apropos | Find Objects by (Partial) Name
Arg | Complex Vectors
args | Argument List of a Function
Arithmetic | Arithmetic Operators
array | Multi-way Arrays
arrows | Add Arrows to a Plot
as.array | Multi-way Arrays
as.call | Function Calls
as.character | Character Vectors
as.complex | Complex Vectors
as.data.frame | Data Frames
as.double | Double Precision Vectors
as.expression | Unevaluated Expressions
as.factor | Factors
as.formula | Model Formulae
as.function | Convert Object to Function
as.integer | Integer Vectors
as.list | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
as.logical | Logical Vectors
as.matrix | Matrices
as.matrix.noquote | Class for ``no quote'' Printing of Strings
as.name | Variable Names or Symbols, respectively
as.null | The Null Object
as.numeric | Numeric Vectors
as.ordered | Factors
as.pairlist | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
as.qr | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
as.real | Real Vectors
as.single | Double Precision Vectors
as.symbol | Variable Names or Symbols, respectively
as.ts | Time-Series Objects
as.vector | Vectors
asin | Trigonometric Functions
asinh | Hyperbolic Functions
assign | Assign a Value to a Name
atan | Trigonometric Functions
atan2 | Trigonometric Functions
atanh | Hyperbolic Functions
attach | Attach Set of R Objects to Search Path
attenu | The Joyner-Boore Attenuation Data
attitude | Attitudes Toward Supervisors
attr | Object Attributes
attr.all.equal | Test if Two Objects are (Nearly) Equal
attributes | Object Attribute Lists
autoload | On-demand Loading of Packages
autoloader | On-demand Loading of Packages
ave | Group Averages Over Level Combinations of Factors
axis | Add an Axis to a Plot

## -- B --

backsolve | Solve an Upper or Lower Triangular System
barplot | Bar Plots
basename | File Manipulation
BATCH | Batch Execution of R
Bessel | Bessel Functions
bessel | Bessel Functions
besselI | Bessel Functions
besselJ | Bessel Functions
besselK | Bessel Functions
besselY | Bessel Functions
Beta | The Beta Distribution
beta | Special Functions of Mathematics
Binomial | The Binomial Distribution
binomial | Family Objects for Models
bitmap | Graphics Device for Bitmap Files
body | Access to and Manipulation of the Body of a Function
box | Draw a Box around a Plot
boxplot | Box Plots
boxplot.stats | Box Plot Statistics
break | Control Flow
browser | Environment Browser
bug.report | Send a Bug Report
builtins | Returns the names of all built-in objects
bxp | Box Plots from Summaries
by | Apply a Function to a Data Frame split by Factors

## -- C --

C | Sets Contrasts for a Factor
c | Combine Values into a Vector or List
call | Function Calls
cars | Stopping Distances of Cars
case.names | Case and Variable Names of Fitted Models
case/variable.names | Case and Variable Names of Fitted Models
cat | Concatenate and Print
category | Defunct Functions
Cauchy | The Cauchy Distribution
cbind | Combine R Objects by Rows or Columns
ceiling | Rounding of Numbers
char.expand | Expand a String with Respect to a Target Table
character | Character Vectors
charmatch | Partial String Matching
chartr | Character Translation
check.options | Set Options with Consistency Checks
chickwts | Chicken Weights by Feed Type
Chisquare | The (non-central) Chi-Square Distribution
chol | The Choleski Decomposition
chol2inv | Inverse from Choleski Decomposition
choose | Special Functions of Mathematics
chull | Compute Convex Hull of a Set of Points
class | Object Classes
close.screen | Creating and Controlling Multiple Screens on a Single Device
close.socket | Close a Socket
cm | Graphical Units
cm.colors | Color Palettes
co.intervals | Conditioning Plots
co2 | Mauna Loa Atmospheric CO2 Concentration
codes | Factor Codes
coef | Extract Model Coefficients
coefficients | Extract Model Coefficients
coefficients.glm | Accessing Generalized Linear Model Fits
coefficients.lm | Accessing Linear Model Fits
col | Column Indexes
colnames | Row and Columnn Names
colors | Color Names
colours | Color Names
commandArgs | Extract Command Line Arguments
comment | Query or Set a `Comment' Attribute
Comparison | Relational Operators
COMPILE | Compile Files for Use with R
complete.cases | Find Complete Cases
complex | Complex Vectors
conflicts | Search for Masked Objects on the Search Path
Conj | Complex Vectors
Constants | Built-in Constants
contour | Display Contours
contr.helmert | Contrast Matrices
contr.poly | Contrast Matrices
contr.sum | Contrast Matrices
contr.treatment | Contrast Matrices
contrast | Contrast Matrices
contrasts | Get and Set Contrast Matrices
contrib.url | Download Packages from CRAN
contributors | R Project Contributors
Control | Control Flow
convolve | Fast Convolution
cooks.distance | Regression Diagnostics
coplot | Conditioning Plots
copyright | Copyrights of Files Used to Build R
copyrights | Copyrights of Files Used to Build R
cor | Correlation, Variance and Covariance (Matrices)
cos | Trigonometric Functions
cosh | Hyperbolic Functions
count.fields | Count the Number of Fields per Line
cov | Correlation, Variance and Covariance (Matrices)
cov.wt | Weighted Covariance Matrices
covratio | Regression Diagnostics
CRAN.packages | Download Packages from CRAN
crossprod | Matrix Crossproduct
cummax | Cumulative Sums, Products, and Extremes
cummin | Cumulative Sums, Products, and Extremes
cumprod | Cumulative Sums, Products, and Extremes
cumsum | Cumulative Sums, Products, and Extremes
curve | Draw Function Plots
cut | Convert Numeric to Factor
cycle | Sampling Times of Time Series

## -- D --

D | Symbolic and Algorithmic Derivatives of Simple Expressions
data | Data Sets
data.class | Object Classes
data.entry | Spreadsheet Interface for Entering Data
data.frame | Data Frames
data.matrix | Data Frame to Numeric Matrix
dataentry | Spreadsheet Interface for Entering Data
date | System Date and Time
dbeta | The Beta Distribution
dbinom | The Binomial Distribution
dcauchy | The Cauchy Distribution
dchisq | The (non-central) Chi-Square Distribution
de | Spreadsheet Interface for Entering Data
debug | Debug a function
debugger | Post-Mortem Debugging
Defunct | Defunct Functions
delay | Delay Evaluation
delete.response | Modify Terms Objects
deltat | Sampling Times of Time Series
demo | Demonstrations of R functions
density | Kernel Density Estimation
deparse | Expression Deparsing
Deprecated | Deprecated Functions
deriv | Symbolic and Algorithmic Derivatives of Simple Expressions
det | Calculate the Determinant of a Matrix
detach | Detach Objects from the Search Path
dev.control | Copy Graphics Between Multiple Devices
dev.copy | Copy Graphics Between Multiple Devices
dev.copy2eps | Copy Graphics Between Multiple Devices
dev.cur | Control Multiple Devices
dev.list | Control Multiple Devices
dev.next | Control Multiple Devices
dev.off | Control Multiple Devices
dev.prev | Control Multiple Devices
dev.print | Copy Graphics Between Multiple Devices
dev.set | Control Multiple Devices
dev.xxx | Control Multiple Devices
dev2 | Copy Graphics Between Multiple Devices
dev2bitmap | Graphics Device for Bitmap Files
deviance | Model Deviance
device | List of Graphical Devices
Devices | List of Graphical Devices
dexp | The Exponential Distribution
df | The F Distribution
df.residual | Residual Degrees-of-Freedom
df.residual.glm | Accessing Generalized Linear Model Fits
df.residual.lm | Accessing Linear Model Fits
dfbetas | Regression Diagnostics
dffits | Regression Diagnostics
dgamma | The Gamma Distribution
dgeom | The Geometric Distribution
dget | Write an Internal Object to a File
dhyper | The Hypergeometric Distribution
diag | Matrix Diagonals
diff | Lagged Differences
digamma | Special Functions of Mathematics
dim | Dimensions of an Object
dimnames | Dimnames of an Object
dir | List the Files in a Directory/Folder
dir.create | File Manipulation
dirname | File Manipulation
discoveries | Numbers of Important Discoveries
dlnorm | The Log Normal Distribution
dlogis | The Logistic Distribution
dnbinom | The Negative Binomial Distribution
dnchisq | Defunct Functions
dnorm | The Normal Distribution
do.call | Execute a Function Call
dotplot | Cleveland Dot Plots
double | Double Precision Vectors
download.file | Download File from the Internet
download.packages | Download Packages from CRAN
dpois | The Poisson Distribution
dput | Write an Internal Object to a File
drop | Drop Redundant Extent Information
drop.scope | Compute Allowed Changes in Adding to or Dropping from a Formula
drop.terms | Modify Terms Objects
drop1 | Add or Drop All Possible Single Terms to a Model
dsignrank | Distribution of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Statistic
dt | The Student t Distribution
dummy.coef | Extract Coefficients in Original Coding
dump | Text Representations of R Objects
dump.frames | Post-Mortem Debugging
dunif | The Uniform Distribution
duplicated | Determine Duplicate Elements
dweibull | The Weibull Distribution
dwilcox | Distribution of the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Statistic
dyn.load | Foreign Function Interface
dyn.unload | Foreign Function Interface

## -- E --

edit | Invoke a Text Editor
edit.data.frame | Edit Data Frames and Matrices
edit.default | Invoke a Text Editor
edit.matrix | Edit Data Frames and Matrices
eff.aovlist | Compute Efficiencies of Multistratum Analysis of Variance
effects | Effects from Fitted Model
eigen | Spectral Decomposition of a Matrix
else | Control Flow
emacs | Invoke a Text Editor
end | Encode the Terminal Times of Time Series
environment | Environment Access
erase.screen | Creating and Controlling Multiple Screens on a Single Device
esoph | Smoking, Alcohol and (O)esophageal Cancer
euro | Euro Conversion Rates
eurodist | Distances Between Cities in Europe
eval | Evaluate an (Unevaluated) Expression
evalq | Evaluate an (Unevaluated) Expression
example | Run an Examples Section from the Online Help
exists | Is an Object Defined?
exp | Logarithms and Exponentials
expand.grid | Create a Data Frame from All Combinations of Factors
expand.model.frame | Add new variables to a model frame
Exponential | The Exponential Distribution
expression | Unevaluated Expressions
Extract | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
extractAIC | Extract AIC from a Fitted Model
Extremes | Maxima and Minima

## -- F --

F | Logical Vectors
factor | Factors
factor.scope | Compute Allowed Changes in Adding to or Dropping from a Formula
faithful | Old Faithful Geyser Data
FALSE | Logical Vectors
family | Family Objects for Models
family.glm | Accessing Generalized Linear Model Fits
family.lm | Accessing Linear Model Fits
FDist | The F Distribution
fft | Fast Discrete Fourier Transform
file | File Manipulation
file.choose | Choose a File Interactively
file.create | File Manipulation
file.exists | File Manipulation
file.path | Construct Path to File
file.remove | File Manipulation
file.show | Display One or More Files
filled.contour | Level (Contour) Plots
find | Find Objects by (Partial) Name
fitted | Extract Model Fitted Values
fitted.values.glm | Accessing Generalized Linear Model Fits
fitted.values.lm | Accessing Linear Model Fits
fivenum | Tukey Five-Number Summaries
fix | Fix an Object
floor | Rounding of Numbers
for | Control Flow
Foreign | Foreign Function Interface
Formaldehyde | Determination of Formaldehyde
formals | Access to and Manipulation of the Formal Arguments
format | Encode in a Common Format
format.char | Formatting Using C-style Formats
format.default | Encode in a Common Format
format.info | format(.) Information
format.pval | Encode in a Common Format
formatC | Formatting Using C-style Formats
formula | Model Formulae
formula.lm | Accessing Linear Model Fits
formula.terms | Model Formulae
forwardsolve | Solve an Upper or Lower Triangular System
frame | Create / Start a New Plot Frame
freeny | Freeny's Revenue Data
frequency | Sampling Times of Time Series
ftable | Flat Contingency Tables
ftable.formula | Formula Notation for Flat Contingency Tables
ftable2table | Flat Contingency Tables
function | Function Definition

## -- G --

Gamma | Family Objects for Models
gamma | Special Functions of Mathematics
gammaCody | Bessel Functions
GammaDist | The Gamma Distribution
gaussian | Family Objects for Models
gc | Garbage Collection
gcinfo | Garbage Collection
gctorture | Torture Garbage Collector
Geometric | The Geometric Distribution
get | Return a Variable's Value
getenv | Get Environment Variables
geterrmessage | Stop Function Execution
getOption | Options Settings
getwd | Get or Set Working Directory
gl | Generate Factor Levels
glm | Fitting Generalized Linear Models
glm.fit.null | Fitting Generalized Linear Models
glm.summaries | Accessing Generalized Linear Model Fits
globalenv | Environment Access
GNOME | GNOME Desktop Graphics Device
Gnome | GNOME Desktop Graphics Device
gnome | GNOME Desktop Graphics Device
graphics.off | Control Multiple Devices
gray | Gray Level Specification
grep | Pattern Matching and Replacement
grey | Gray Level Specification
grid | Add Grid to a Plot
gsub | Pattern Matching and Replacement
GTK | GTK+ Graphics Device
gtk | GTK+ Graphics Device

## -- H --

HairEyeColor | Hair and Eye Color of Statistics Students
hasTsp | Tsp Attribute of Time-Series-like Objects
hat | Regression Diagnostics
heat.colors | Color Palettes
help | Documentation
help.search | Search the Help System
help.start | Hypertext Documentation
Hershey | Hershey Vector Fonts in R
hist | Histograms
hsv | HSV Color Specification
httpclient | Read text from an HTTP server
Hyperbolic | Hyperbolic Functions
Hypergeometric | The Hypergeometric Distribution

## -- I --

I | Model Formulae
identify | Identify Points in a Scatter Plot
if | Control Flow
ifelse | Conditional Element Selection
Im | Complex Vectors
image | Display a Color Image
index.search | Search Indices for Help Files
Inf | Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
infert | Infertility after Spontaneous and Induced Abortion
influence.measures | Regression Diagnostics
inherits | Object Classes
InsectSprays | Effectiveness of Insect Sprays
INSTALL | Install Add-on Packages
install.packages | Download Packages from CRAN
installed.packages | Download Packages from CRAN
integer | Integer Vectors
interaction | Compute Factor Interactions
interaction.plot | Two-way Interaction Plot
interactive | Is R Running Interactively?
Internal | Call an Internal Function
intersect | Set Operations
inverse.gaussian | Family Objects for Models
invisible | Change the Print Mode to Invisible
IQR | The Interquartile Range
iris | Edgar Anderson's Iris Data
iris3 | Edgar Anderson's Iris Data
is.array | Multi-way Arrays
is.atomic | Is an Object Atomic or Recursive?
is.call | Function Calls
is.character | Character Vectors
is.complex | Complex Vectors
is.data.frame | Data Frames
is.double | Double Precision Vectors
is.element | Set Operations
is.empty.model | Check if a Model is Empty
is.environment | Environment Access
is.expression | Unevaluated Expressions
is.factor | Factors
is.finite | Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
is.function | Is an Object of Type Function?
is.infinite | Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
is.integer | Integer Vectors
is.language | Is an Object a Language Object?
is.list | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
is.loaded | Foreign Function Interface
is.logical | Logical Vectors
is.matrix | Matrices
is.na | Not Available / ``Missing'' Values
is.name | Variable Names or Symbols, respectively
is.nan | Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
is.null | The Null Object
is.numeric | Numeric Vectors
is.object | Is an Object ``internally classed''?
is.ordered | Factors
is.pairlist | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
is.qr | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
is.R | Are we using R, rather than S?
is.real | Real Vectors
is.recursive | Is an Object Atomic or Recursive?
is.single | Is an Object of Single Precision Type?
is.symbol | Variable Names or Symbols, respectively
is.ts | Time-Series Objects
is.vector | Vectors
islands | Areas of the World's Major Landmasses

## -- J --

Japanese | Japanese characters in R
jitter | Add `Jitter' (Noise) to Numbers
jpeg | JPEG and PNG graphics devices

## -- K --

kappa | Estimate the Condition Number
kronecker | Kronecker Product of Arrays

## -- L --

labels | Find Labels from Object
lapply | Apply a Function over a List or Vector
Last.value | Value of Last Evaluated Expression
layout | Specifying Complex Plot Arrangements
lbeta | Special Functions of Mathematics
lchoose | Special Functions of Mathematics
lcm | Specifying Complex Plot Arrangements
legend | Add Legends to Plots
length | Length of a Vector or List
LETTERS | Built-in Constants
letters | Built-in Constants
levels | Levels Attributes
levels.factor | Factor Levels Assignment
lgamma | Special Functions of Mathematics
library | Loading and Listing of Packages
library.dynam | Loading Shared Libraries
licence | The R License Terms
license | The R License Terms
LifeCycleSavings | Intercountry Life-Cycle Savings Data
lines | Add Connected Line Segments to a Plot
lines.formula | Formula Notation for Scatterplots
lines.ts | Time-Series Objects
list | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
list.files | List the Files in a Directory/Folder
lm | Fitting Linear Models
lm.fit.null | Fitting Linear Models
lm.influence | Regression Diagnostics
lm.summaries | Accessing Linear Model Fits
lm.wfit | Fitting Linear Models
load | Reload Saved Datasets
local | Evaluate an (Unevaluated) Expression
locator | Graphical Input
log | Logarithms and Exponentials
log10 | Logarithms and Exponentials
log1p | Logarithms and Exponentials
log2 | Logarithms and Exponentials
Logic | Logical Operators
logical | Logical Vectors
Logistic | The Logistic Distribution
loglin | Fitting Log-Linear Models
Lognormal | The Log Normal Distribution
longley | Longley's Regression Data
lower.tri | Lower and Upper Triangular Part of a Matrix
lowess | Scatter Plot Smoothing
ls | List Objects
ls.diag | Compute Diagnostics for `lsfit' Regression Results
ls.print | Print `lsfit' Regression Results
ls.str | Compactly Display the Structure of an Arbitrary R Object
lsf.str | Compactly Display the Structure of an Arbitrary R Object
lsfit | Find the Least Squares Fit

## -- M --

Machine | Machine Characteristics
machine | Determine the Machine R is Running On
mad | Median Absolute Deviation
mahalanobis | Mahalanobis Distance
make.link | Create a Link for GLM families
make.names | Make Legal R Names Out of Strings
make.socket | Create a Socket Connection
make.tables | Create model.tables
margin.table | Compute table margin
mat.or.vec | Create a Matrix or a Vector
match | Value Matching
match.arg | Argument Verification Using Partial Matching
match.call | Argument Matching
match.fun | Function Verification for ``Function Variables''
Math | Internal and Group Methods and Generic Functions
matlines | Plot Columns of Matrices
matmult | Matrix Multiplication
matplot | Plot Columns of Matrices
matpoints | Plot Columns of Matrices
matrix | Matrices
max | Maxima and Minima
max.col | Find Maximum Position in Matrix
mean | Arithmetic Mean
median | Median Value
Memory | Memory Available for Data Storage
memory.profile | Profile the Usage of Cons Cells
menu | Menu Interaction Function
merge | Merge Two Data Frames
Methods | Internal and Group Methods and Generic Functions
methods | Class Methods
min | Maxima and Minima
missing | Does a Formal Argument have a Value?
Mod | Complex Vectors
mode | The (Storage) Mode of an Object
model.extract | Extract Components from a Model Frame
model.frame | Extracting the ``Environment'' of a Model Formula
model.matrix | Construct Design Matrices
model.matrix.glm.null | Construct Design Matrices
model.matrix.lm | Construct Design Matrices
model.offset | Extract Components from a Model Frame
model.response | Extract Components from a Model Frame
model.tables | Compute Tables of Results from an Aov Model Fit.
model.weights | Extract Components from a Model Frame
month.abb | Built-in Constants
month.name | Built-in Constants
morley | Michaelson-Morley Speed of Light Data
mosaicplot | Mosaic Plots
mtcars | Motor Trend Road Tests
mtext | Write Text into the Margins of a Plot
mvfft | Fast Discrete Fourier Transform

## -- N --

NA | Not Available / ``Missing'' Values
na.action | NA Action
na.fail | Handle Missing Values in Objects
na.omit | Handle Missing Values in Objects
name | Variable Names or Symbols, respectively
names | The Names Attribute of an Object
NaN | Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
nargs | The Number of Arguments to a Function
nchar | Count the Number of Characters
NCOL | The Number of Rows/Columns of an Array
ncol | The Number of Rows/Columns of an Array
NegBinomial | The Negative Binomial Distribution
new.env | Environment Access
next | Control Flow
NextMethod | Class Methods
nextn | Highly Composite Numbers
nhtemp | Average Yearly Temperatures in New Haven
nlevels | The Number of Levels of a Factor
nlm | Non-Linear Minimization
noquote | Class for ``no quote'' Printing of Strings
Normal | The Normal Distribution
NotYet | Not Yet Implemented Functions and Unused Arguments
NotYetImplemented | Not Yet Implemented Functions and Unused Arguments
NotYetUsed | Not Yet Implemented Functions and Unused Arguments
NROW | The Number of Rows/Columns of an Array
nrow | The Number of Rows/Columns of an Array
NULL | The Null Object
numeric | Numeric Vectors

## -- O --

objects | List Objects
offset | Include an Offset in a Model Formula
old.packages | Download Packages from CRAN
on.exit | Function Exit Code
Ops | Internal and Group Methods and Generic Functions
optim | General-purpose Optimization
optimise | One Dimensional Optimization
optimize | One Dimensional Optimization
options | Options Settings
OrchardSprays | Potency of Orchard Sprays
order | Ordering Permutation
ordered | Factors
outer | Outer Product of Arrays

## -- P --

p.adjust | Adjust p values for multiple comparisons
package.contents | Package Contents and Description
package.dependencies | Check Packahe Dependencies
package.description | Package Contents and Description
page | Invoke a Pager on an R Object
pairlist | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
pairs | Scatterplot Matrices
pairs.formula | Formula Notation for Scatterplot Matrices
palette | Set or View the Graphics Palette
Palettes | Color Palettes
panel.smooth | Simple Panel Plot
par | Set or Query Graphical Parameters
Paren | Parentheses and Braces
parent.frame | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
parse | Parse Expressions
parse.dcf | Parse Debian Control File Format
paste | Concatenate Strings
pbeta | The Beta Distribution
pbinom | The Binomial Distribution
pcauchy | The Cauchy Distribution
pchisq | The (non-central) Chi-Square Distribution
pentagamma | Special Functions of Mathematics
persp | Perspective Plots
pexp | The Exponential Distribution
pf | The F Distribution
pgamma | The Gamma Distribution
pgeom | The Geometric Distribution
phones | The World's Telephones
phyper | The Hypergeometric Distribution
pi | Built-in Constants
pico | Invoke a Text Editor
pictex | A PicTeX Graphics Driver
piechart | Pie Charts
PlantGrowth | Results from an Experiment on Plant Growth
Platform | Platform Specific Variables
plnorm | The Log Normal Distribution
plogis | The Logistic Distribution
plot | Generic X-Y Plotting
plot.data.frame | Data Frames
plot.default | The Default Scatterplot Function
plot.density | Kernel Density Estimation
plot.factor | Plotting Factor Variables
plot.formula | Formula Notation for Scatterplots
plot.function | Draw Function Plots
plot.gam | Plot regression terms
plot.lm | Plot Diagnostics for an lm Object
plot.mlm | Plot Diagnostics for an lm Object
plot.mts | Time-Series Objects
plot.new | Create / Start a New Plot Frame
plot.ts | Time-Series Objects
plot.window | Set up World Coordinates for Graphics Window
plot.xy | Basic Internal Plot Function
plotmath | Mathematical Annotation in R
pmatch | Partial String Matching
pmax | Maxima and Minima
pmin | Maxima and Minima
pnbinom | The Negative Binomial Distribution
pnchisq | Defunct Functions
png | JPEG and PNG graphics devices
pnorm | The Normal Distribution
points | Add Points to a Plot
points.formula | Formula Notation for Scatterplots
Poisson | The Poisson Distribution
poisson | Family Objects for Models
poly | Compute Orthogonal Polynomials
polygon | Polygon Drawing
polyroot | Find Zeros of a Real or Complex Polynomial
pos.to.env | Convert Positions in the Search Path to Environments
postscript | PostScript Graphics
power | Create a Power Link Object
ppoints | Ordinates for Probability Plotting
ppois | The Poisson Distribution
precip | Annual Precipitation in US Cities
predict | Model Predictions
predict.glm | Predict Method for GLM Fits
predict.lm | Predict method for Linear Model Fits
predict.mlm | Predict method for Linear Model Fits
preplot | Pre-computations for a Plotting Objeect
presidents | Approval Rating of US Presidents
pressure | Vapor Pressure of Mercury as a Function of Temperature
pretty | Pretty Breakpoints
Primitive | Call a ``Primitive'' Internal Function
print | Print Values
print.anova | Anova Tables
print.anova.glm | Defunct Functions
print.anova.lm | Defunct Functions
print.aov | Fit an Analysis of Variance Model
print.aovlist | Fit an Analysis of Variance Model
print.atomic | Default Printing
print.by | Apply a Function to a Data Frame split by Factors
print.coefmat | Print Coefficient Matrices
print.data.frame | Data Frames
print.default | Default Printing
print.density | Kernel Density Estimation
print.dummy.coef | Extract Coefficients in Original Coding
print.factor | Print Values
print.family | Family Objects for Models
print.formula | Model Formulae
print.ftable | Flat Contingency Tables
print.glm | Accessing Generalized Linear Model Fits
print.htest | Print Values
print.infl | Regression Diagnostics
print.listof | Print Values
print.lm | Accessing Linear Model Fits
print.matrix | Print Matrices
print.mtable | Find Aliases (Dependencies) in a Model
print.noquote | Class for ``no quote'' Printing of Strings
print.ordered | Print Values
print.plot | Defunct Functions
print.recordedplot | Record and Replay Plots
print.simple.list | Print Values
print.socket | Create a Socket Connection
print.summary.aov | Fit an Analysis of Variance Model
print.summary.aovlist | Fit an Analysis of Variance Model
print.summary.glm | Accessing Generalized Linear Model Fits
print.summary.lm | Accessing Linear Model Fits
print.table | Print Values
print.tables.aov | Compute Tables of Results from an Aov Model Fit.
print.tabular | Defunct Functions
print.terms | Model Terms
print.ts | Time-Series Objects
prmatrix | Print Matrices
proc.time | Running Time of R
prod | Product of Vector Elements
profile | Generic Function for Profiling Models
proj | Projections of Models
prompt | Produce Prototype of an R Documentation File
prop.table | Express table entries as fraction of marginal table
provide | Deprecated Functions
ps.options | PostScript Graphics
psignrank | Distribution of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Statistic
pt | The Student t Distribution
ptukey | The Studentized Range Distribution
punif | The Uniform Distribution
pweibull | The Weibull Distribution
pwilcox | Distribution of the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Statistic

## -- Q --

q | Terminate an R Session
qbeta | The Beta Distribution
qbinom | The Binomial Distribution
qcauchy | The Cauchy Distribution
qchisq | The (non-central) Chi-Square Distribution
qexp | The Exponential Distribution
qf | The F Distribution
qgamma | The Gamma Distribution
qgeom | The Geometric Distribution
qhyper | The Hypergeometric Distribution
qlnorm | The Log Normal Distribution
qlogis | The Logistic Distribution
qnbinom | The Negative Binomial Distribution
qnchisq | Defunct Functions
qnorm | The Normal Distribution
qpois | The Poisson Distribution
qqline | Quantile-Quantile Plots
qqnorm | Quantile-Quantile Plots
qqplot | Quantile-Quantile Plots
qr | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
QR.Auxiliaries | Reconstruct the Q, R, or X Matrices from a QR Object
qr.coef | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.fitted | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.Q | Reconstruct the Q, R, or X Matrices from a QR Object
qr.qty | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.qy | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.R | Reconstruct the Q, R, or X Matrices from a QR Object
qr.resid | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.solve | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.X | Reconstruct the Q, R, or X Matrices from a QR Object
qsignrank | Distribution of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Statistic
qt | The Student t Distribution
qtukey | The Studentized Range Distribution
quakes | Locations of Earthquakes off Fiji
quantile | Sample Quantiles
quasi | Family Objects for Models
quasibinomial | Family Objects for Models
quasipoisson | Family Objects for Models
quit | Terminate an R Session
qunif | The Uniform Distribution
quote | Substituting and Quoting Expressions
qweibull | The Weibull Distribution
qwilcox | Distribution of the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Statistic

## -- R --

R.home | Return the R Home Directory
R.Version | Version Information
R.version | Version Information
rainbow | Color Palettes
Random | Random Number Generation
Random.user | User-supplied Random Number Generation
randu | Random Numbers from Congruential Generator
range | Range of Values
rank | Sample Ranks
rbeta | The Beta Distribution
rbind | Combine R Objects by Rows or Columns
rbinom | The Binomial Distribution
rcauchy | The Cauchy Distribution
rchisq | The (non-central) Chi-Square Distribution
Re | Complex Vectors
read.csv | Data Input
read.csv2 | Data Input
read.fwf | Read Fixed Width Format Files
read.socket | Read from or Write to a Socket
read.table | Data Input
read.table.url | Read Data and Code from a URL
readline | Read a Line from the Terminal
real | Real Vectors
Recall | Recursive Calling
recordPlot | Record and Replay Plots
rect | Draw a Rectangle
reformulate | Modify Terms Objects
regexpr | Pattern Matching and Replacement
relevel | Reorder Levels of Factor
REMOVE | Remove Add-on Packages
remove | Remove Objects from a Specified Environment
rep | Replicate Elements
repeat | Control Flow
replace | Replace Values in a Vector
replayPlot | Record and Replay Plots
replications | Number of Replications of Terms
require | Loading and Listing of Packages
resid | Extract Model Residuals
residuals | Extract Model Residuals
residuals.glm | Accessing Generalized Linear Model Fits
residuals.lm | Accessing Linear Model Fits
restart | Restart an Expression
return | Function Definition
rev | Reverse a Vector's Elements
rexp | The Exponential Distribution
rf | The F Distribution
rgamma | The Gamma Distribution
rgb | RGB Color Specification
rgeom | The Geometric Distribution
RHOME | R Home Directory
rhyper | The Hypergeometric Distribution
rivers | Lengths of Major North American Rivers
rle | Run Length Encoding
rlnorm | The Log Normal Distribution
rlogis | The Logistic Distribution
rm | Remove Objects from a Specified Environment
rnbinom | The Negative Binomial Distribution
rnchisq | Defunct Functions
RNG | Random Number Generation
RNGkind | Random Number Generation
rnorm | The Normal Distribution
Round | Rounding of Numbers
round | Rounding of Numbers
row | Row Indexes
row.names | Data Frames
row/colnames | Row and Columnn Names
rownames | Row and Columnn Names
rowsum | Give Row Sums of a Matrix, Based on a Grouping Variable
rpois | The Poisson Distribution
Rprofile | Initialization at Start of an R Session
rsignrank | Distribution of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Statistic
rstandard | Regression Diagnostics
rstudent | Regression Diagnostics
rt | The Student t Distribution
rug | Add a Rug to a Plot
runif | The Uniform Distribution
rweibull | The Weibull Distribution
rwilcox | Distribution of the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Statistic
R_HOME | R Home Directory
R_LIBS | Loading and Listing of Packages

## -- S --

sample | Random Samples and Permutations
sapply | Apply a Function over a List or Vector
save | Save R Objects
save.plot | Defunct Functions
scale | Scaling and Centering of Matrix-like Objects
scan | Read Data Values
scan.url | Read Data and Code from a URL
screen | Creating and Controlling Multiple Screens on a Single Device
sd | Standard Deviation
se.aov | Internal Functions Used by model.tables
se.aovlist | Internal Functions Used by model.tables
se.contrast | Standard Errors for Contrasts in Model Terms
search | Give Search Path for R Objects
searchpaths | Give Search Path for R Objects
segments | Add Line Segments to a Plot
seq | Sequence Generation
sequence | Create A Vector of Sequences
set.seed | Random Number Generation
setdiff | Set Operations
setequal | Set Operations
sets | Set Operations
setwd | Get or Set Working Directory
SHLIB | Build Shared Library for Dynamic Loading
show.data | Data Sets
sign | Sign Function
Signals | Interrupting Execution of R
signif | Rounding of Numbers
SignRank | Distribution of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Statistic
sin | Trigonometric Functions
single | Double Precision Vectors
sinh | Hyperbolic Functions
sink | Send R Output to a File
sleep | Students' Sleep Data
solve | Solve a System of Equations
sort | Sort a Vector
sort.list | Ordering Permutation
source | Redirect Input
source.url | Read Data and Code from a URL
Special | Special Functions of Mathematics
spline | Interpolating Splines
splinefun | Interpolating Splines
split | Divide into Groups
split.screen | Creating and Controlling Multiple Screens on a Single Device
sqrt | Miscellaneous Mathematical Functions
stack | Stack or Unstack Vectors from a Data Frame or List
stack.loss | Brownlee's Stack Loss Plant Data
stack.x | Brownlee's Stack Loss Plant Data
stackloss | Brownlee's Stack Loss Plant Data
stars | Star Plots and Segment Diagrams of Multivariate Data
start | Encode the Terminal Times of Time Series
Startup | Initialization at Start of an R Session
stat.anova | GLM Anova Statistics
state | States of the U.S.A.
stem | Stem-and-Leaf Plots
step | Choose a model by AIC in a Stepwise Algorithm
stop | Stop Function Execution
stopifnot | Ensure the "Truth" of R Expressions
storage.mode | The (Storage) Mode of an Object
str | Compactly Display the Structure of an Arbitrary R Object
strheight | Plotting Dimensions of Character Strings and Math Expressions
stripplot | 1-D Scatter Plots
strsplit | Split the Strings in a Vector
structure | Attribute Specification
strwidth | Plotting Dimensions of Character Strings and Math Expressions
sub | Pattern Matching and Replacement
Subscript | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
subset | Subsetting Vectors and Data Frames
substitute | Substituting and Quoting Expressions
substr | Extract Substrings from a Character Vector
substring | Extract Substrings from a Character Vector
sum | Sum of Vector Elements
Summary | Internal and Group Methods and Generic Functions
summary | Object Summaries
summary.aov | Fit an Analysis of Variance Model
summary.aovlist | Fit an Analysis of Variance Model
Summary.data.frame | Internal and Group Methods and Generic Functions
summary.data.frame | Object Summaries
summary.default | Object Summaries
Summary.factor | Internal and Group Methods and Generic Functions
summary.factor | Object Summaries
summary.glm | Accessing Generalized Linear Model Fits
summary.infl | Regression Diagnostics
summary.lm | Accessing Linear Model Fits
summary.matrix | Object Summaries
summary.mlm | Accessing Linear Model Fits
sunflowerplot | Produce a Sunflower Scatter Plot
sunspots | Monthly Mean Relative Sunspot Numbers
svd | Singular Value Decomposition of a Matrix
sweep | Sweep out Array Summaries
swiss | Swiss Fertility and Socioeconomic Indicators (1888) Data
switch | Select One of a List of Alternatives
symbol.C | Foreign Function Interface
symbol.For | Foreign Function Interface
symbols | Draw symbols on a plot
symnum | Symbolic Number Coding
sys.call | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
sys.calls | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
sys.frame | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
sys.frames | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
sys.function | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
sys.nframe | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
sys.on.exit | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
sys.parent | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
sys.parents | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
sys.source | Parse and Evaluate Expressions from a File
sys.status | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
system | Invoke a System Command
system.file | Find Names of R System Files
system.test | Defunct Functions
system.time | CPU Time Used

## -- T --

T | Logical Vectors
t | Matrix Transpose
table | Cross Tabulation
tabulate | Tabulation for Vectors
tan | Trigonometric Functions
tanh | Hyperbolic Functions
tapply | Apply a Function Over a ``Ragged'' Array
TDist | The Student t Distribution
tempfile | Create Names for Temporary Files
termplot | Plot regression terms
terms | Model Terms
terrain.colors | Color Palettes
tetragamma | Special Functions of Mathematics
text | Add Text to a Plot
time | Sampling Times of Time Series
Titanic | Survival of passengers on the Titanic
title | Plot Annotation
tolower | Character Translation
ToothGrowth | The Effect of Vitamin C on Tooth Growth in Guinea Pigs
topo.colors | Color Palettes
toupper | Character Translation
trace | Trace All Calls to a Function.
traceback | Print Call Stack of Last Error
transform | Transform an Object, e.g. a Data Frame
trees | Girth, Height and Volume for Black Cherry Trees
Trig | Trigonometric Functions
trigamma | Special Functions of Mathematics
TRUE | Logical Vectors
trunc | Rounding of Numbers
try | Restart an Expression
ts | Time-Series Objects
tsp | Tsp Attribute of Time-Series-like Objects
Tukey | The Studentized Range Distribution
typeof | The Type of an Object

## -- U --

UCBAdmissions | Student Admissions at UC Berkeley
unclass | Object Classes
undebug | Debug a function
undoc | Find Undocumented Objects
Uniform | The Uniform Distribution
union | Set Operations
unique | Extract Unique Elements
uniroot | One Dimensional Root Finding
units | Graphical Units
unix | Invoke a System Command
unix.time | CPU Time Used
unlink | Delete Files and Directories
unlist | Flatten Lists
unname | Remove `names' or `dimnames'
unstack | Stack or Unstack Vectors from a Data Frame or List
untrace | Trace All Calls to a Function.
update | Update and Re-fit a Model Call
update.formula | Model Updating
update.packages | Download Packages from CRAN
upper.tri | Lower and Upper Triangular Part of a Matrix
url.show | Read Data and Code from a URL
USArrests | Violent Crime Rates by US State
UseMethod | Class Methods
USJudgeRatings | Lawyers' Ratings of State Judges in the US Superior Court
USPersonalExpenditure | Personal Expenditure Data
uspop | The Population of the United States

## -- V --

VADeaths | Death Rate Data
var | Correlation, Variance and Covariance (Matrices)
variable.names | Case and Variable Names of Fitted Models
vector | Vectors
Version | Defunct Functions
version | Version Information
vi | Invoke a Text Editor
volcano | Topographic Information for the Maunga Whau Volcano

## -- W --

warning | Warning Messages
warnings | Print Warning Messages
warpbreaks | The Number of Breaks in Yarn during Weaving
Weibull | The Weibull Distribution
weighted.mean | Weighted Arithmetic Mean
weighted.residuals | Compute Weighted Residuals
weights | Accessing Linear Model Fits
which | Which indices are TRUE ?
which.max | Where is the Min() or Max() ?
which.min | Where is the Min() or Max() ?
while | Control Flow
Wilcoxon | Distribution of the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Statistic
window | Time Windows
women | Average Heights and Weights for American Women
write | Write Data to a File
write.socket | Read from or Write to a Socket
write.table | Data Output

## -- X --

X11 | X Window System Graphics
x11 | X Window System Graphics
xedit | Invoke a Text Editor
xemacs | Invoke a Text Editor
xfig | XFig Graphics Device
xinch | Graphical Units
xor | Logical Operators
xpdrows.data.frame | Data Frames
xy.coords | Extracting Plotting Structures
xyinch | Graphical Units
xyz.coords | Extracting Plotting Structures

## -- Y --

yinch | Graphical Units

## -- Z --

zapsmall | Rounding of Numbers
zip.file.extract | Extract File from a Zip Archive

## -- misc --

[ | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
[[ | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
^ | Arithmetic Operators
| | Logical Operators
|| | Logical Operators
~ | Model Formulae