\Header{order}{Ordering Permutation}
\alias{sort.list}{order}
\keyword{univar}{order}
\keyword{manip}{order}
\begin{Description}\relax
\code{order} returns a permutation which rearranges its first
argument into ascending order, breaking ties by further arguments.

\code{sort.list} is the same, using only one argument but allowing
partial sorting.\end{Description}
\begin{Usage}
\begin{verbatim}
order(...)
sort.list(x, partial)
\end{verbatim}
\end{Usage}
\begin{Arguments}
\begin{ldescription}
\item[\code{...}] a sequence of vectors, all of the same length.
\item[\code{x}] a vector.
\item[\code{partial}] vector of indices for partial sorting.
\end{ldescription}
\end{Arguments}
\begin{Details}\relax
In the case of ties in the first vector, values in the second
are used to break the ties.
If the values are still tied, values in the later arguments
are used to break the tie (see the first example).

\code{\Link{NA}} values are treated as greater than any other values
so that permutations returned by \code{order} move \code{NA}
values to the top end of the array.

\code{partial} is supplied for compatibility with S, but the sorting
is always complete.\end{Details}
\begin{SeeAlso}\relax
\code{\Link{sort}} and \code{\Link{rank}}.\end{SeeAlso}
\begin{Examples}
\begin{ExampleCode}
(ii <- order(x <- c(1,1,3:1,1:4,3), y <- c(9,9:1), z <-c(2,1:9)))
## 6  5  2  1  7  4 10  8  3  9
rbind(x,y,z)[,ii] # shows the reordering (ties via 2nd & 3rd arg)

## rearrange matched vectors so that the first is in ascending order
x <- c(5:1, 6:8, 12:9)
y <- (x - 5)^2
o <- order(x)
rbind(x[o], y[o])
\end{ExampleCode}
\end{Examples}

