19.12 | Module `Int32`: 32-bit integers

> This module provides operations on the type `int32` of signed 32-bit integers. Unlike the built-in `int` type, the type `int32` is guaranteed to be exactly 32-bit wide on all platforms. All arithmetic operations over `int32` are taken modulo 232.
> Performance notice: values of type `int32` occupy more memory space than values of type `int`, and arithmetic operations on `int32` are generally slower than those on `int`. Use `int32` only when the application requires exact 32-bit arithmetic.

    val zero : int32
    val one : int32
    val minus_one : int32

> The 32-bit integers 0, 1, -1.

    val neg : int32 -> int32

> Unary negation.

    val add : int32 -> int32 -> int32

> Addition.

    val sub : int32 -> int32 -> int32

> Subtraction.

    val mul : int32 -> int32 -> int32

> Multiplication.

    val div : int32 -> int32 -> int32

> Integer division. Raise `Division_by_zero` if the second argument is zero.

    val rem : int32 -> int32 -> int32

> Integer remainder. If `x >= 0` and `y > 0`, the result of `Int32.rem x y` satisfies the following properties: `0 <= Int32.rem x y < y` and `x = Int32.add (Int32.mul (Int32.div x y) y) (Int32.rem x y)`. If `y = 0`, `Int32.rem x y` raises `Division_by_zero`. If `x < 0` or `y < 0`, the result of `Int32.rem x y` is not specified and depends on the platform.

    val succ : int32 -> int32

> Successor. `Int32.succ x` is `Int32.add x Int32.one`.

    val pred : int32 -> int32

> Predecessor. `Int32.pred x` is `Int32.sub x Int32.one`.

    val abs : int32 -> int32

> Return the absolute value of its argument.

    val max_int : int32

> The greatest representable 32-bit integer, 231 - 1.

    val min_int : int32

> The smallest representable 32-bit integer, -231.

    val logand : int32 -> int32 -> int32

> Bitwise logical and.

    val logor : int32 -> int32 -> int32

> Bitwise logical or.

    val logxor : int32 -> int32 -> int32

> Bitwise logical exclusive or.

    val lognot : int32 -> int32

> Bitwise logical negation

    val shift_left : int32 -> int -> int32

> `Int32.shift_left x y` shifts `x` to the left by `y` bits. The result is unspecified if `y < 0` or `y >= 32`.

    val shift_right : int32 -> int -> int32

> `Int32.shift_right x y` shifts `x` to the right by `y` bits. This is an arithmetic shift: the sign bit of `x` is replicated and inserted in the vacated bits. The result is unspecified if `y < 0` or `y >= 32`.

    val shift_right_logical : int32 -> int -> int32

> `Int32.shift_right_logical x y` shifts `x` to the right by `y` bits. This is a logical shift: zeroes are inserted in the vacated bits regardless of the sign of `x`. The result is unspecified if `y < 0` or `y >= 32`.

    val of_int : int -> int32

> Convert the given integer (type `int`) to a 32-bit integer (type `int32`).

    val to_int : int32 -> int

> Convert the given 32-bit integer (type `int32`) to an integer (type `int`). On 32-bit platforms, the 32-bit integer is taken modulo 231, i.e. the high-order bit is lost during the conversion. On 64-bit platforms, the conversion is exact.

    val of_float : float -> int32

> Convert the given floating-point number to a 32-bit integer, discarding the fractional part (truncate towards 0). The result of the conversion is undefined if, after truncation, the number is outside the range `Int32.min_int, Int32.max_int`.

    val to_float : int32 -> float

> Convert the given 32-bit integer to a floating-point number.

    val of_string : string -> int32

> Convert the given string to a 32-bit integer. The string is read in decimal (by default) or in hexadecimal, octal or binary if the string begins with `0x`, `0o` or `0b` respectively. Raise `Failure "int_of_string"` if the given string is not a valid representation of an integer.

    val to_string : int32 -> string

> Return the string representation of its argument, in signed decimal.

    val format : string -> int32 -> string

> `Int32.format fmt n` return the string representation of the 32-bit integer `n` in the format specified by `fmt`. `fmt` is a `Printf`-style format containing exactly one `%d`, `%i`, `%u`, `%x`, `%X` or `%o` conversion specification. See the documentation of the `Printf` module for more information,