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Trail: Servlets
Lesson: Running Servlets

## Configuring and Running Tomcat

> This section shows you how to

> - Set up Tomcat
> - Start Tomcat
> - Stop Tomcat

## Setting Up Tomcat

> The Duke's Bookstore application runs on the Tomcat JSP and server implementation. Tomcat 4.0 implements the Java Servlet specification v2.3. Tomcat 3.x support the Java Servlet specification v2.2. Click here to download one of these implementations.

> You can configure various properties of Tomcat before you start it, including the server's port, which defaults to `8080`, the hostname of the server, which defaults to `localhost`, and the document root, which defaults to the `webapps` subdirectory of the Tomcat installation. To see or update these configuration values, edit the server startup file `TOMCAT_HOME/conf/server.xml`.

> The complete binary and source code for the example is packaged in the Web application archive `bookstore.war` contained in the zip archive `tut-bookstore-tomcat.zip`. To install the application in Tomcat, download the zip archive into the directory, `TOMCAT_HOME/webapps` and unzip it.

> When the bookstore application is accessed, Tomcat 4.0 and 3.2 automatically unpack `bookstore.war` into the directory TOMCAT_HOME`/webapps/bookstore` and add the application's context to the server startup file. The application context contains the context root, document root, what level of debugging information to provide, and whether Tomcat should monitor a servlet class for changes and reload it. If you are using Tomcat 3.1 you will need to:

> - Unpack the Web application archive with the command `jar xvf bookstore.war`.
> - Add the following line to the server startup file:
>   `<Context path="/bookstore" docBase="webapps/bookstore" debug="0" reloadable="true" />`

> When an archive is unpacked, its contents are deposited into the directories listed in the following table. This directory layout is required by the Java Servlet specification and is one that you usually will use while developing an application.

> Directory | Contents
> --- | ---
> `bookstore` | HTML and image files
> `bookstore/WEB-INF` | `web.xml`, the Web application deployment descriptor
> `bookstore/WEB-INF/classes` | servlet classes and helper classes

## Starting Tomcat

> To start the server, use the Unix-based shell script or the Windows-based batch file that Tomcat provides in the directory `TOMCAT_HOME/bin`.

> The following command starts Tomcat on Unix: ``

> % startup.sh

> The following command starts Tomcat on Windows: ``

> C:\TOMCAT_HOME\bin> startup

> Once Tomcat is executing, you can use it to test your servlets.

## Stopping Tomcat

> To stop the server, Tomcat provides shut-down commands in the same directory as the start-up commands.

> The following command stops Tomcat on Unix: ``

> % shutdown.sh

> The following command stops Tomcat on Windows: ``

> C:\TOMCAT_HOME\bin> shutdown

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