m.proj2(1)	       Grass User's Manual	       m.proj2(1)



NNAAMMEE
       mm..pprroojj22	 -  Calculates	conversion  coordinates  for geo-
       graphic positions.
       _(_G_R_A_S_S _M_a_p _D_e_v_e_l_o_p_m_e_n_t _P_r_o_g_r_a_m_)

SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
	mm..pprroojj22 	  [[iinnpprroojj==nnaammee[[,,nnaammee,,......]]]]	    [[oouutt--
       pprroojj==nnaammee[[,,nnaammee,,......]]]] [[iinnppuutt==nnaammee]] [[oouuttppuutt==nnaammee]]



   PPaarraammeetteerrss::
       iinnpprroojj Comma separated input projection parameters

       oouuttpprroojj
	      Comma separated output projection parameters

       iinnppuutt  Input coordinate file

       oouuttppuutt Output coordinate file


DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
       This  program  allows a user to (optionally interactively)
       convert coordinates from one  projection  to  another.  It
       allows  a user to convert coordinates from a file, writing
       to a file.


       Note:  The program does not transform GRASS files,  it  is
       designed  to  determine coordinate values on an individual
       position.


       The map projections  currently  supported  are  listed  in
       etc/projections file.

	Each  of  the  above  projections  (with the exception of
       State Plane) can be computed with the spheroids listed  in
       etc/ellipse.table file.



IINNPPUUTT FFIILLEE FFOORRMMAATT
       When reading from a file of LATITUDE/LONGITUDE data the
	      file will contain three (2) columns of information:
	      the first column - latitude   - in degrees  minutes
	      seconds, the second column - longitude - in degrees
	      minutes seconds,



       For example:

	    +40 36 31.4563 -87 2 7.8193
	    40n 36 31.4563 87w 2 7.8193




       When reading from a file of  PROJECTION	COORDINATES  data
       the
	      file will contain three (2) columns of information:
	      the first column - easting - ground coordinates the
	      second column - northing - ground coordinates



       For example:

	     500000.00	   4496918.64
	    -424489.11	   1908736.13





UUSSAAGGEE EEXXAAMMPPLLEE
       For example, if desired to transform points from UTM  pro-
       jection	to the Gauss-Kr"uger Grid System it can be done by
       running:

		m.proj2
       inproj="proj=utm,name=utm,a=6378137.0,es=0.006694380,.br
		zone=32,unfact=1.0"			     out-
       proj="proj=tmerc,name=tmerc,.br
		a=6377397.155,es=0.0066743720,lat_0=0.0,lon_0=9.0,k=1.0,.br
		x_0=3500000.0"	      input=utm.coord	     out-
       put=new.gk.coord



       Projection parameters have to be provided, in above  case:
       "proj"  (projection  type),  "name" (projection name), "a"
       (ellipsoid: equatorial radius),	"es"  (ellipsoid:  eccen-
       tricity	squared),  "zone"  (zone  for the area), "unfact"
       (conversion factor from meters to other units, e.g. feet),
       "lat_0"	(standard  parallel), "lon_0" (central meridian),
       "k" (scale factor) and "x_0"  (false  easting).	Sometimes
       false  northing	is needed which is coded as "y_0". Inter-
       nally, the underlying PROJ 4 projection	library  performs
       an  inverse projection to latitude-longitude and then pro-
       jects the coordinate list to the target projection.


       NNoottee:: NO column headings are required, just the numbers.

BBUUGGSS
       Datum transformations are not yet supported.



RReeffeerreenncceess::
       [1]Evenden, G.I.  (1990)  Cartographic  projection  proce-
       dures  for  the	UNIX environment - a user's manual.  USGS
       Open-File Report 90-284 (Also see Interim Report  and  2nd
       Interim Report on Release 4, Evenden 1994).

SSEEEE AALLSSOO
       _m_._p_r_o_j_,	_s_._p_r_o_j_, _v_._p_r_o_j_, _g_._s_e_t_p_r_o_j_, _i_._r_e_c_t_i_f_y_, _i_._r_e_c_t_i_f_y_3_,
       _r_._s_u_p_p_o_r_t_, _r_._s_t_a_t_s_, _s_._s_a_m_p_l_e_, _s_._s_u_r_f_._i_d_w_, _s_._s_u_r_f_._r_s_t


AAUUTTHHOORR
       Bob Covill, code based on m.proj

       _L_a_s_t _c_h_a_n_g_e_d_: _$_D_a_t_e_: _2_0_0_2_/_0_3_/_0_1 _0_0_:_0_8_:_3_1 _$



GRASS 5.0					       m.proj2(1)
