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8.12.1 Template Objects

Template objects following methods:

`reset`( | )

  Restore a pipeline template to its initial state.

`clone`( | )

  Return a new, equivalent, pipeline template.

`debug`( | flag)

  If flag is true, turn debugging on. Otherwise, turn debugging off. When debugging is on, commands to be executed are printed, and the shell is given `set -x` command to be more verbose.

`append`( | cmd, kind)

  Append a new action at the end. The cmd variable must be a valid bourne shell command. The kind variable consists of two letters.

  The first letter can be either of `'-'` (which means the command reads its standard input), `'f'` (which means the commands reads a given file on the command line) or `'.'` (which means the commands reads no input, and hence must be first.)

  Similarly, the second letter can be either of `'-'` (which means the command writes to standard output), `'f'` (which means the command writes a file on the command line) or `'.'` (which means the command does not write anything, and hence must be last.)

`prepend`( | cmd, kind)

  Add a new action at the beginning. See `append()` for explanations of the arguments.

`open`( | file, mode)

  Return a file-like object, open to file, but read from or written to by the pipeline. Note that only one of `'r'`, `'w'` may be given.

`copy`( | infile, outfile)

  Copy infile to outfile through the pipe.