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## Spin Buttons

The Spin Button widget is generally used to allow the user to select a value from a range of numeric values. It consists of a text entry box with up and down arrow buttons attached to the side. Selecting one of the buttons causes the value to "spin" up and down the range of possible values. The entry box may also be edited directly to enter a specific value.
The Spin Button allows the value to have zero or a number of decimal places and to be incremented/decremented in configurable steps. The action of holding down one of the buttons optionally results in an acceleration of change in the value according to how long it is depressed.
The Spin Button uses an Adjustment object to hold information about the range of values that the spin button can take. This makes for a powerful Spin Button widget.
Recall that an adjustment widget can be created with the following constructor, which illustrates the information that it holds:

`Adjustment(double value, double lower, double upper, double step_increment, double page_increment, double page_size);`

These attributes of an Adjustment are used by the Spin Button in the following way:

- value - initial value for the Spin Button
- lower - lower range value
- upper - upper range value
- step_increment - value to increment/decrement when pressing mouse button 1 on a button
- page_increment - value to increment/decrement when pressing mouse button 2 on a button
- page_size - unused

Additionally, mouse button 3 can be used to jump directly to the upper or lower values when used to select one of the buttons. Lets look at the constructors that create a Spin Button:

`SpinButton(); SpinButton(Gtk::Adjustment *adjustment, double climb_rate, unsigned int digits); SpinButton(double min, double max, double step = 1.0);`

The climb_rate argument takes a value between 0.0 and 1.0 and indicates the amount of acceleration that the Spin Button has. The digits argument specifies the number of decimal places to which the value will be displayed.
The last constructor creates a Spin Button and an Adjustment with the appropriate climb_rate and digit values based on the min, maxandstep arguments specified.
A Spin Button can be reconfigured after creation using the following method:

`void configure(Gtk::Adjustment *adjustment, double climb_rate, unsigned int digits);`

The adjustment can be set and retrieved independently using the following two methods:

`void set_adjustment(Gtk::Adjustment *adjustment); Gtk::Adjustment* get_adjustment() const;`

The number of decimal places can also be altered using:

`void set_digits(unsigned int digits);`

The value that a Spin Button is currently displaying can be changed using the following method:

`void set_value(double value);`

The current value of a Spin Button can be retrieved as either a floating point or integer value with the following methods:

`double get_value() const; int get_value_as_int() const;`

If you want to alter the value of a Spin Button relative to its current value, then the following method can be used:

`void spin(Gtk::SpinType direction, double increment);`

The direction parameter can take one of the following values in the Gtk::SpinType enumeration:

- SPIN_STEP_FORWARD
- SPIN_STEP_BACKWARD
- SPIN_PAGE_FORWARD
- SPIN_PAGE_BACKWARD
- SPIN_HOME
- SPIN_END
- SPIN_USER_DEFINED

This function packs in quite a bit of functionality, which I will attempt to clearly explain. Many of these settings use values from the Adjustment object that is associated with a Spin Button.
SPIN_STEP_FORWARD and SPIN_STEP_BACKWARD change the value of the Spin Button by the amount specified by increment, unless increment is equal to 0, in which case the value is changed by the value of step_increment in the Adjustment.
SPIN_PAGE_FORWARD and SPIN_PAGE_BACKWARD simply alter the value of the Spin Button by increment.
SPIN_HOME sets the value of the Spin Button to the bottom of the Adjustments range.
SPIN_END sets the value of the Spin Button to the top of the Adjustments range.
SPIN_USER_DEFINED simply alters the value of the Spin Button by the specified amount.
We move away from methods for setting and retrieving the range attributes of the Spin Button now, and move onto methods that effect the appearance and behaviour of the Spin Button widget itself.
The first of these methods is used to constrain the text box of the Spin Button such that it may only contain a numeric value. This prevents a user from typing anything other than numeric values into the text box of a Spin Button:

`void set_numeric(bool numeric);`

You can set whether a Spin Button will wrap around between the upper and lower range values with the following method:

`void set_wrap(bool wrap);`

You can set a Spin Button to round the value to the nearest step_increment, which is set within the Adjustment object used with the Spin Button. This is accomplished with the following method:

`void set_snap_to_ticks(bool snap_to_ticks);`

The update policy of a Spin Button can be changed with the following method:

`void set_update_policy(Gtk::SpinButtonUpdatePolicy policy);`

The possible values of policy are one of the values in the Gtk::SpinButtonUpdatePolicy enumeration:

- UPDATE_ALWAYS
- UPDATE_IF_VALID

These policies affect the behavior of a Spin Button when parsing inserted text and syncing its value with the values of the Adjustment.
In the case of Gtk::UPDATE_IF_VALID the Spin Button only value gets changed if the text input is a numeric value that is within the range specified by the Adjustment. Otherwise the text is reset to the current value.
In case of Gtk::UPDATE_ALWAYS we ignore errors while converting text into a numeric value.
Finally, you can explicitly request that a Spin Button update itself:

`void update();`

It's example time again.
The header file for Spin Button is spinbutton.h:

`#include<inti/main.h> #include <inti/core.h> #include <inti/gtk/label.h> #include <inti/gtk/spinbutton.h> #include <inti/gtk/checkbutton.h> using namespace Inti; class SpinButtonWindow : public Gtk::Window { Gtk::SpinButton *spinner1; Gtk::Label *val_label; protected: void on_change_digits(Gtk::SpinButton *spin); void on_toggle_snap(Gtk::CheckButton *button); void on_toggle_numeric(Gtk::CheckButton *button); void on_get_value(bool value_as_int); public: SpinButtonWindow(); virtual ~SpinButtonWindow(); };`

and the source file is spinbutton.cc

`#include"spinbutton.h" #include <inti/gtk/frame.h> #include <inti/gtk/adjustment.h> #include <inti/bind.h> SpinButtonWindow::SpinButtonWindow() { set_title("Spin Button"); Gtk::VBox *main_vbox = new Gtk::VBox(false, 5); main_vbox->set_border_width(10); add(*main_vbox); Gtk::Frame *frame = new Gtk::Frame("Not accelerated"); main_vbox->pack_start(*frame); Gtk::VBox *vbox = new Gtk::VBox; vbox->set_border_width(5); frame->add(*vbox); // Day, month, year spinners Gtk::HBox *hbox = new Gtk::HBox; vbox->pack_start(*hbox, true,true, 5); Gtk::VBox *vbox2 = new Gtk::VBox; hbox->pack_start(*vbox2, true,true, 5); Gtk::Label *label = new Gtk::Label("Day :"); label->set_alignment(0, 0.5); vbox2->pack_start(*label, false); Gtk::Adjustment *adj = new Gtk::Adjustment(1.0, 1.0, 31.0, 1.0, 5.0, 0.0); Gtk::SpinButton *spinner = new Gtk::SpinButton(adj, 0, 0); spinner->set_wrap(true); vbox2->pack_start(*spinner, false); vbox2 = new Gtk::VBox; hbox->pack_start(*vbox2, true,true, 5); label = new Gtk::Label("Month :"); label->set_alignment(0, 0.5); vbox2->pack_start(*label, false); adj = new Gtk::Adjustment(1.0, 1.0, 12.0, 1.0, 5.0, 0.0); spinner = new Gtk::SpinButton(adj, 0, 0); spinner->set_wrap(true); vbox2->pack_start(*spinner, false); vbox2 = new Gtk::VBox; hbox->pack_start(*vbox2, true,true, 5); label = new Gtk::Label("Year :"); label->set_alignment(0, 0.5); vbox2->pack_start(*label, false); adj = new Gtk::Adjustment(1998.0, 0.0, 2100.0, 1.0, 100.0, 0.0); spinner = new Gtk::SpinButton(adj, 0, 0); spinner->set_wrap(false); spinner->set_size_request(55, -1); vbox2->pack_start(*spinner, false); frame = new Gtk::Frame("Accelerated"); main_vbox->pack_start(*frame); vbox = new Gtk::VBox; set_border_width(5); frame->add(*vbox); hbox = new Gtk::HBox; vbox->pack_start(*hbox, false,true, 5); vbox2 = new Gtk::VBox; hbox->pack_start(*vbox2, true,true, 5); label = new Gtk::Label("Value :"); label->set_alignment(0, 0.5); vbox2->pack_start(*label, false); adj = new Gtk::Adjustment(0.0, -10000.0, 10000.0, 0.5, 100.0, 0.0); spinner1 = new Gtk::SpinButton(adj, 1.0, 2); spinner1->set_wrap(true); spinner1->set_size_request(100, -1); vbox2->pack_start(*spinner1, false); vbox2 = new Gtk::VBox; hbox->pack_start(*vbox2, true,true, 5); label = new Gtk::Label("Digits :"); label->set_alignment(0, 0.5); vbox2->pack_start(*label, false); adj = new Gtk::Adjustment(2, 1, 5, 1, 1, 0); Gtk::SpinButton *spinner2 = new Gtk::SpinButton(adj, 0.0, 0); spinner2->set_wrap(true); spinner2->sig_value_changed().connect(bind(slot(this, &SpinButtonWindow::on_change_digits), spinner2)); vbox2->pack_start(*spinner2, false); hbox = new Gtk::HBox; vbox->pack_start(*hbox, false,true, 5); Gtk::CheckButton *check_button = new Gtk::CheckButton("Snap to 0.5-ticks"); check_button->sig_clicked().connect(bind(slot(this, &SpinButtonWindow::on_toggle_snap), check_button)); vbox->pack_start(*check_button); check_button->set_active(true); check_button = new Gtk::CheckButton("Numeric only input mode"); check_button->sig_clicked().connect(bind(slot(this, &SpinButtonWindow::on_toggle_numeric), check_button)); vbox->pack_start(*check_button); check_button->set_active(true); hbox = new Gtk::HBox; vbox->pack_start(*hbox, false,true, 5); Gtk::Button *button = new Gtk::Button("Value as Int"); button->sig_clicked().connect(bind(slot(this, &SpinButtonWindow::on_get_value), true)); hbox->pack_start(*button, true,true, 5); button = new Gtk::Button("Value as Float"); button->sig_clicked().connect(bind(slot(this, &SpinButtonWindow::on_get_value), false)); hbox->pack_start(*button, true,true, 5); val_label = new Gtk::Label("0"); vbox->pack_start(*val_label); hbox = new Gtk::HBox; main_vbox->pack_start(*hbox, false); button = new Gtk::Button("Close"); button->sig_clicked().connect(slot(this, &SpinButtonWindow::dispose)); hbox->pack_start(*button, true,true, 5); show_all(); } SpinButtonWindow::~SpinButtonWindow() { } void SpinButtonWindow::on_change_digits(Gtk::SpinButton *spin) { spinner1->set_digits(spin->get_value_as_int()); } void SpinButtonWindow::on_toggle_snap(Gtk::CheckButton *button) { spinner1->set_snap_to_ticks(button->get_active()); } void SpinButtonWindow::on_toggle_numeric(Gtk::CheckButton *button) { spinner1->set_numeric(button->get_active()); } void SpinButtonWindow::on_get_value(bool value_as_int) { String text; if (value_as_int) text = String::format("%d", spinner1->get_value_as_int()); else text = String::format("%0.*f", spinner1->get_digits(), spinner1->get_value()); val_label->set_text(text); } int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { using namespace Main; init(&argc, &argv); SpinButtonWindow window; window.sig_destroy().connect(slot(&Inti::Main::quit)); run(); return 0; }`

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