# the following two packages can be used to collect podparser
# output into a string or simulate a portable null device

package StrHandle;

sub new {
  my $type = shift;
  my $this = bless {},$type;
  $this->{Text} = "";
  return $this;
}

sub print {
  my $this = shift;
  $this->{Text} .= "@_";
}

sub text {
  $_[0]->{Text} .= $_[1] if $#_ > 0;
  return $_[0]->{Text};
}


package NullHandle;

@ISA = qw/ StrHandle/;

sub print {} # do nothing


# the filter for the PDL pod format (which is a valid general perl
# pod format but with special interpretation of some =for directives)

package PDL::PodParser;
use PDL::Core '';
use PDL::Pod::Parser;

@ISA = qw(PDL::Pod::Parser);

%Title = ('Example' => 'Example',
	  'Ref'     => 'Reference',
	  'Sig'     => 'Signature',
	  'Opt'     => 'Options',
	  'Usage'   => 'Usage',
          'Bad'     => 'Bad value support',  
	 );

sub new {
  my ($type) = @_;
  my $parser = new PDL::Pod::Parser;
  $parser->select("METHODS|OPERATORS|CONTRUCTORS|FUNCTIONS|NAME");
  $parser->{CURFUNC} = undef;
  $parser->{SYMHASH} = {};
  $parser->{INBLOCK} = 0;
  $parser->{Mode} = "";
  $parser->{verbose} = 0;
  $parser->{NAME} = 'UNKNOWN';
  bless $parser,$type;
  return $parser;
}

sub command {
  my ($this,$cmd,$txt,$sep) = @_;
  $this->{Parmode} = 'Body';

  if ($cmd eq 'head1') {
    $this->{Mode} = $txt;
    $this->{Parmode} = 'Body';
    $this->{Parmode} = 'NAME' if $txt =~ /NAME/;
  } elsif ($this->{Mode} =~ /NAME/) {
    last;
  } elsif ($cmd eq 'head2') {
    my @funcs = split(',',$txt);
    my @names = map {$1 if m/\s*([^\s(]+)\s*/} @funcs;
    barf "error parsing function list '$txt'"
      unless $#funcs == $#names;
    # check for signatures
    my $sym = $this->{SYMHASH};
    for (@funcs) { $sym->{$1}->{Module} = $this->{NAME}
		   if m/\s*([^\s(]+)\s*/;
		   $sym->{$1}->{Sig}=$2
		     if m/\s*([^\s(]+)\s*\(\s*(.+)\s*\)\s*$/}
    # make the first one the current function
    $sym->{$names[0]}->{Names} = join(',',@names) if $#names > 0;
    my $name = shift @names;
    for (@names) {$sym->{$_}->{Crossref} = $name}
    my $sig = $sym->{$name}->{Sig};
    # diagnostic output
    print "\nFunction '".join(',',($name,@names))."'\n" if $this->{verbose};
    print "\n\tSignature: $sig\n" if defined $sig && $this->{verbose};
    $this->{CURFUNC} = $name;
  } elsif ($cmd eq 'for') {
    $this->check_for_mode($txt,$sep) if $cmd eq 'for';
  }
  local $this->{Parmode} = 'Body';
  $this->SUPER::command($cmd,$txt,$sep);
}

sub check_for_mode {
  my ($this,$txt,$sep) = @_;
  if ($txt =~ /^(sig|example|ref|opt|usage|bad|body)/i) {
    $this->{Parmode} = ucfirst lc $1;
    print "switched now to '$1' mode\n" if $this->{VERBOSE};
    print "\n\t$Title{$this->{Parmode}}\n"
      unless $this->{Parmode} =~ /Body/ || !$this->{verbose};
  }
}

sub textblock {
  my ($this,$txt) = @_;
  $this->checkmode($txt);
  local $this->{INBLOCK} = 1;
  $this->SUPER::textblock($txt);
  $this->{Parmode} = 'Body'; # and reset parmode
}

sub checkmode {
  my ($this,$txt,$verbatim) = @_;
  if ($this->{Mode} =~ /NAME/ && $this->{Parmode} =~ /NAME/) {
    $this->{NAME} = $1 if $this->trim($txt) =~ /^\s*(\S+)\s*/;
    print "\nNAME\t$this->{NAME}\n" if $this->{verbose};
    $this->{Parmode} = 'Body';
    return;
  }
  unless ($this->{Parmode} =~ /Body/ || $this->{INBLOCK}) {
    my $func = $this->{CURFUNC};
    barf "no function defined" unless defined $func;
    local $this->{INBLOCK} = 1; # can interpolate call textblock?
    my $itxt = $verbatim ? $txt : $this->interpolate($txt);
    $this->{SYMHASH}->{$func}->{$this->{Parmode}} .=
      $this->trim($itxt,$verbatim);
    my $cr = ($verbatim && $this->{Parmode} ne 'Sig') ? "\n" : "";
    my $out = "\n\t\t$cr".$this->trim($itxt,$verbatim);
    print "$out\n$cr" if $this->{verbose};
  }
  $this->{Parmode} = 'Body';
}

sub verbatim {
  my ($this,$txt) = @_;
  $this->checkmode($txt,1);
  $this->SUPER::verbatim($txt);
}

# this needs improvement
# and any formatting information should be removed?
# it probably depends
sub trim {
  my ($this,$txt,$verbatim) = @_;
  my $ntxt = "";
  $txt =~ s/(signature|usage):\s*//i if $this->{Parmode} eq 'Sig' ||
			   $this->{Parmode} eq 'Usage';
  if ($this->{Parmode} eq 'Sig') {

    $txt =~ s/^\s*//;
    $txt =~ s/\s*$//;
    while( $txt =~ s/^\((.*)\)$/$1/ ) {}; # Strip BALANCED brackets

  }
  for (split "\n", $txt) {
    s/^\s*(.*)\s*$/$1/ unless $verbatim;
    $ntxt .= "$_\n" unless m/^\s*$/;
  }
  # $txt =~ s/^\s*(.*)\s*$/$1/;
  chomp $ntxt;
  return $ntxt;
}


=head1 NAME

PDL::Doc - support for PDL online documentation

=head1 SYNOPSIS

  use PDL::Doc;
  $onlinedc = new PDL::Doc ($docfile);
  @match = $onlinedc->search('m/slice|clump/');

=head1 DESCRIPTION

An implementation of online docs for PDL.

=head1 PDL documentation conventions

For a package like PDL that has I<a lot> of functions it
is very desirable to have some form of online help to
make it easy for the user to remind himself of names,
calling conventions and typical usage of the multitude
of functions at his disposal. To make it straightforward
to extract the relevant information from the POD documentation
in source files that make up the PDL distribution
certain conventions have been adopted in formatting this
documentation.

The first convention says that all documentation for
PDL functions appears in the POD section introduced
by

  =head1 FUNCTIONS

Individual functions in this section are introduced by

  =head2 funcname

=cut

# XXX - I don't think this is going to work for now -
# it garbles Pod::Parser. I am changing all occurences
# to use =for sig for now - KGB

#or
#  =head2 funcname(signature)


=pod

where signature is the argumentlist for a PP defined function
as explained in L<PDL::PP>. Generally, PDL documentation is in
valid POD format (see L</perlpod>) but uses the C<=for> directive
in a special way. The C<=for> directive is used to flag to the
PDL Pod parser that information is following that will be used
to generate online help.

The PDL podparser is derived from the PDL::Pod::Parser class that had
to be patched in a few places, partly to fix minor bugs, partly
to enhance functionality for perusal by PDL::Doc. Since the PDL::Doc
module is still experimental the patched Pod-Parser distribution is
included with the current PDL-Doc distribution. Note that PDL::Doc
will I<not> work correctly with the released Pod-Parser distribution.

The PDL Pod parser recognises the following C<=for> directives:

=over 5

=item Ref

indicates that the one line reference for this function follows,
e.g.,

   =for ref

   Returns a piddle of lags to parent.

=item Sig

the signature for the current function follows, e.g.,

   =for sig

      Signature: (a(n), [o]b(), [t]tmp(n))

=item Usage

an indication of the possible calling conventions for the current
function, e.g.,

   =for usage

      wpic($pdl,$filename[,{ options... }])

=item Opt

lists options for the current function, e.g.,

   =for options

      CONVERTER  => 'ppmtogif',   # explicitly specify pbm converter
      FLAGS      => '-interlaced -transparent 0',  # flags for converter
      IFORM      => 'PGM',        # explicitly specify intermediate format
      XTRAFLAGS  => '-imagename iris', # additional flags to defaultflags
      FORMAT     => 'PCX',        # explicitly specify output image format
      COLOR      => 'bw',         # specify color conversion
      LUT        => $lut,         # use color table information


=item Example

gives examples of typical usage for the current function:

   =for example

       wpic $pdl, $file;
       $im->wpic('web.gif',{LUT => $lut});
       for (@images) {
         $_->wpic($name[0],{CONVERTER => 'ppmtogif'})
       }

=item Bad

provides information on how the function handles bad values (if
C<$PDL:Config{WITH_BADVAL}> is set to 1). The intention is to
have this information automatically created for pp-compiled
functions, although it can be over-ridden.

=back

The PDL podparser is implemented as a simple state machine. Any of
the above C<=for> statements switches the podparser into a state
where the following paragraph is accepted as information for the
respective field (C<Ref>, C<Usage>, C<Opt>, C<Example> or C<Bad>). 
Only the text up to
the end of the current paragraph is accepted, for example:

  =for example

         ($x,$y) = $a->func(1,3);  # this is part of the accepted info
         $x = func($a,0,1);        # this as well

         $x = func($a,$b);         # but this isn't

To make the resulting pod documentation also easily digestible for the
existing pod filters (pod2man, pod2text, pod2html, etc) the actual
textblock of information must be separated from the C<=for> directive
by at least one blank line. Otherwise, the textblock will be lost in
the translation process when the "normal" podformatters are used. The
general idea behind this format is that it should be easy to extract
the information for online documentation, automatic generation of a
reference card, etc but at the same time the documentation should be
translated by the standard podformatters without loss of contents
(and without requiring any changes in the existing POD format).

The preceding explanations should be further explained by the
following example (extracted from PDL/IO/Misc/misc.pd):

   =head2 rcols()

   =for ref

   Read ASCII whitespaced cols from file into piddles efficiently.

   If no columns are specified all are assumed
   Will optionally only process lines matching a pattern.
   Can take file name or *HANDLE.

   =for usage

    Usage: ($x,$y,...) = rcols(*HANDLE|"filename", ["/pattern/",$col1, $col2,] ...)

   e.g.,

   =for example

     ($x,$y)    = rcols 'file1'
     ($x,$y,$z) = rcols 'file2', "/foo/",3,4
     $x = PDL->rcols 'file1';

   Note: currently quotes are required on the pattern.


which is translated by, e.g, the standard C<pod2text> converter into:

  rcols()

    Read ASCII whitespaced cols from file into piddles efficiently.

    If no columns are specified all are assumed Will optionally only
    process lines matching a pattern. Can take file name or *HANDLE.

      Usage: ($x,$y,...) = rcols(*HANDLE|"filename", ["/pattern/",$col1, $col2,] ...)

    e.g.,

      ($x,$y)    = rcols 'file1'
      ($x,$y,$z) = rcols 'file2', "/foo/",3,4
      $x = PDL->rcols 'file1';

    Note: currently quotes are required on the pattern.

It should be clear from the preceding example that readable output
can be obtained from this format using the standard converters and
the reader will hopefully get a feeling how he can easily intersperse
the special C<=for> directives with the normal POD documentation.

=head2 Which directives should be contained in the documentation

The module documentation should
start with the

  =head1 NAME

  PDL::Modulename -- do something with piddles

section (as anyway required by C<pod2man>) since the PDL podparser
extracts the name of the module this function belongs to from
that section.

Each function that is I<not> only for internal use by the module
should be documented, introduced with the C<=head2> directive
in the C<=head1 FUNCTIONS> section. The only field that every function
documented along these lines should have is the I<Ref> field preceding
a one line description of its intended functionality (suitable for
inclusion in a concise reference card). PP defined functions (see L<PDL::PP>)
should have a I<Sig> field stating their signature. To facilitate
maintainance of this documentation for such functions the 'Doc' field
has been introduced into the definition of C<pp_def> (see again L<PDL::PP>)
which will take care that name and signature of the so defined function
are documented in this way (for examples of this usage see, for example,
the PDL::Slices module, especially F<slices.pd> and the resulting
F<Slices.pm>). Similarly, the 'BadDoc' field provides a means of
specifying information on how the routine handles the presence of
bad values: this will be autpmatically created if 
C<BadDoc> is not supplied, or set to C<undef>.

Furthermore, the documentation for each function should contain
at least one of the I<Usage> or I<Examples> fields. Depending on the
calling conventions for the function under consideration presence
of both fields may be warranted.

If a function has options that should be given as a hash reference in
the form

   {Option => Value, ...}

then the possible options (and aproppriate values) should be explained
in the textblock following the C<=for Opt> directive (see example above
and, e.g., PDL::IO::Pic).

It is well possible that some of these conventions appear to be clumsy
at times and the author is keen to hear of any suggestions for better
alternatives.

=cut

package PDL::Doc;
use PDL::Core '';
use IO::File;  # for file handles
use File::Basename;
use PDL::Doc::Config;

=head1 INSTANCE METHODS

=head2 new

  $onlinedc = new PDL::Doc ('file.pdl',[more files]);

=cut

sub new {
  my ($type,@files) = @_;
  my $this = bless {},$type;
  $this->{File} = [@files];
  $this->{Scanned} = [];
  $this->{Outfile} = $files[0];
  return $this;
}

=head2 addfiles

add another file to the online database associated with this object.

=cut

sub addfiles {
  my ($this,@files) = @_;
  push @{$this->{File}}, @files;
}

=head2 outfile

set the name of the output file for this online db

=cut

sub outfile {
  my ($this,$file) = @_;
  $this->{Outfile} = $file if defined $file;
  return $this->{Outfile};
}

=head2 ensuredb

Make sure that the database is slurped in

=cut

sub ensuredb {
  my ($this) = @_;
  while (my $fi = pop @{$this->{File}}) {
    open IN, $fi or
      barf "can't open database $fi, scan docs first";
    binmode IN;
    my ($plen,$txt);
    while (read IN, $plen,2) {
      my ($len) = unpack "S", $plen;
      read IN, $txt, $len;
      my ($sym, %hash) = split chr(0), $txt;
      $this->{SYMS}->{$sym} = {%hash};
    }
    close IN;
    push @{$this->{Scanned}}, $fi;
  }
  return $this->{SYMS};
}

=head2 savedb

save the database (i.e., the hash of PDL symbols) to the file associated
with this object.

=cut
 
sub savedb {
  my ($this) = @_;
  my $hash = $this->ensuredb();
  open OUT, ">$this->{Outfile}" or barf "can't write to symdb $this->{Outfile}";
  binmode OUT;
  while (my ($key,$val) = each %$hash) {
    my $txt = "$key".chr(0).join(chr(0),%$val);
    print OUT pack("S",length($txt)).$txt;
  }
}


=head2 gethash

Return the PDL symhash (e.g. for custom search operations)

=cut

sub gethash {
  return $_[0]->ensuredb();
}

=head2 search

Search a PDL symhash

=for usage

  $onldc->search($regex, $fields [, $sort])

Searching is by default case insensitive. Other flags can be
given by specifying the regexp in the form C<m/regex/ismx>
where C</> can be replaced with any other non-alphanumeric
character. $fields is an array reference for all hash fields
that should be matched against the regex. Valid fields are

  Name,    # name of the function
  Module,  # module the function belongs to
  Ref,     # the one-line reference description
  Example, # the example for this function
  Opt,     # options
  File,    # the path to the source file this docs have been extracted from

=cut


sub search {
  my ($this,$pattern,$fields,$sort) = @_;
  $sort = 0 unless defined $sort;
  my $hash = $this->ensuredb;
  my @match = ();

  $pattern = $this->checkregex($pattern);

  while (my ($key,$val) = each %$hash) {
    for (@$fields) {
      if (($_ eq 'Name' && $key =~ /$pattern/i) ||
	  (defined $val->{$_} && $val->{$_} =~ /$pattern/i)) {
	$val = $hash->{$val->{Crossref}}
	  if defined $val->{Crossref} && defined $hash->{$val->{Crossref}};
	push @match, [$key,$val];
	last;
      }
    }
  }
  @match = sort {$a->[0] cmp $b->[0]} @match if (@match && $sort);
  return @match;
}


# parse a regexp in the form
#   m/^[a-z]+/ismx
# where the pairs of '/' can be replaced by any other pair of matching
# characters
# if the expression doesn't start with 'm' followed by a nonalphanumeric
# character,  return as-is
sub checkregex {
  my ($this,$regex) = @_;
  return "(?i)$regex" unless $regex =~ /^m[^a-z,A-Z,0-9]/;
  my $sep = substr($regex,1,1);
  substr($regex,0,2) = '';
  $sep = '(?<!\\\\)\\'.$sep; # Avoid '\' before the separator 

  my ($pattern,$mod) = split($sep,$regex,2);
  barf "unknown regex modifiers '$mod'" if $mod && $mod !~ /[imsx]+/;
  $pattern = "(?$mod)$pattern" if $mod;
  return $pattern;
}

=head2 scan

Scan a source file using the PDL podparser to extract information
for online documentation

=cut

sub scan {
  my ($this,$file,$verbose) = @_;
  $verbose = 0 unless defined $verbose;
  barf "can't find file '$file'" unless -f $file;

  # First HTMLify file in the tree

  # Does not work yet

  #if  (system ("pod2html $file")!=0) {
  #   warn "Failed to execute command: pod2html $file2\n";
  #}
  #else{ # Rename result (crummy pod2html)
  #   rename ("$file.html","$1.html") if  $file =~ /^(.*)\.pm$/;
  #}

  # Now parse orig pm/pod

  my $infile =  new IO::File $file;
  # XXXX convert to absolute path
  # my $outfile = '/tmp/'.basename($file).'.pod';
  my $outfile = new NullHandle;

  # Handle RPM etc. case where we are building away from the final
  # location. Alright it's a hack - KGB
  my $file2 = $file;
  $file2 =~ s/^$ENV{BUILDROOTPREFIX}// if $ENV{BUILDROOTPREFIX} ne "";

  my $parser = new PDL::PodParser;
  $parser->{verbose} = $verbose;
  $parser->parse_from_filehandle($infile,$outfile);
  $this->{SYMS} = {} unless defined $this->{SYMS};
  my $hash = $this->{SYMS};
  my @stats = stat $file;
  $this->{FTIME}->{$file2} = $stats[9]; # store last mod time
  # print "mtime of $file: $stats[9]\n";
  my $phash = $parser->{SYMHASH};
  my $n = 0;
  while (my ($key,$val) = each %$phash) {
    #print "adding '$key'\n";
    $n++;

    $val->{File} = $file2;
    $hash->{$key} = $val
    }

  # KGB pass2 - scan for module name and function
  # alright I admit this is kludgy but it works
  # and one can now find modules with 'apropos'

  $infile =  new IO::File $file;
  $outfile = new StrHandle;
  $parser = new PDL::PodParser;
  $parser->select('NAME');
  $parser->parse_from_filehandle($infile,$outfile);
  my @namelines = split("\n",$outfile->{Text});
  my ($name,$does);
  for (@namelines) {
     if (/^(PDL) (-) (.*)/ or /\s*(PDL::[\w:]*)\s*(-*)?\s*(.*)\s*$/) {
       $name = $1; $does = $3;
     }
     if (/^\s*([a-z]+) (-+) (.*)/) { # lowercase shell script name
       $name = $1; $does = $3;
       ($name,$does) = (undef,undef) unless $does =~ /shell|script/i;
     }
   }
   $does = 'Hmmm ????' if $does =~ /^\s*$/;
   my $type = ($file =~ /\.pod$/ ? 
	       ($does =~ /shell|script/i && $name =~ /^[a-z]+$/) ? 'Script:' 
	       : 'Manual:'
	       : 'Module:');
   $hash->{$name} = {Ref=>"$type $does",File=>$file2} if $name !~ /^\s*$/;
   return $n;
}

=head2 scantree

Scan whole directory trees for online documentation in
C<.pm> (module definition) and C<*.pod> (general
documentation) files (using the File::Find module).

=cut

sub scantree {
  my ($this,$dir,$verbose) = @_;
  $verbose = 0 unless defined $verbose;
  require File::Find;
  print "Scanning $dir ... \n\n";
  my $ntot = 0;
  my $sub = sub { if (($File::Find::name =~ /[.]pm$/ &&
		      $File::Find::name !~ /PP.pm/ &&
		      $File::Find::name !~ m|Pod/Parser.pm| &&
		      $File::Find::dir !~ m#/PP|/Gen#) or
		       $File::Find::name =~ /[.]pod$/){
       printf "%-20s", $_.'...';
       my $n = $this->scan($File::Find::name,$verbose); # bind $this lexically
       print "\t$n functions\n";
       $ntot += $n;
		    }
  };
  File::Find::find($sub,$dir);
  print "\n\nfound $ntot functions\n";
}


=head2 funcdocs

extract the complete documentation about a function from its
  source file using the PDL::Pod::Parser filter.

=cut

sub funcdocs {
  my ($this,$func,$fout) = @_;
  my $hash = $this->ensuredb;
  barf "unknown function '$func'" unless defined($hash->{$func});
  funcdocs_fromfile($func,$hash->{$func}->{File},$fout);
}

=head1 FUNCTIONS

=cut

sub funcdocs_fromfile {
  my ($func,$file) = @_;
  barf "can't find file '$file'" unless -f $file;
  my $in = new IO::File $file;
  my $out = ($#_ > 1 && defined($_[2])) ? $_[2] :
    new IO::File "| pod2text | $PDL::Doc::pager";
  barf "can't open file $file" unless $in;
  barf "can't open output handle" unless $out;
  getfuncdocs($func,$in,$out);

  if (ref $out eq 'GLOB') {
  	print $out "Docs from $file\n\n"; } else {
	$out->print("Docs from $file\n\n"); }
}

sub extrdoc {
  my ($func,$file) = @_;
  my $out = new StrHandle;
  funcdocs_fromfile($func,$file,$out);
  return $out->text;
}

sub getfuncdocs {
  my ($func,$in,$out) = @_;
  my $parser = new PDL::Pod::Parser;
#  $parser->select("\\(METHODS\\|OPERATORS\\|CONSTRUCTORS\\|FUNCTIONS\\|METHODS\\)/$func(\\(.*\\)*\\s*");
  foreach my $foo(qw/FUNCTIONS OPERATORS CONSTRUCTORS METHODS/) {
      seek $in,0,0;
      $parser->select("$foo/$func(\\(.*\\))*\\s*");
      $parser->parse_from_filehandle($in,$out);
  }
}

1;

=head1 BUGS

Quite a few shortcomings which will hopefully be fixed following
discussions on the pdl-porters mailing list.

=head1 AUTHOR

Copyright 1997 Christian Soeller E<lt>c.soeller@auckland.ac.nzE<gt> 
and Karl Glazebrook E<lt>kgb@aaoepp.aao.gov.auE<gt>
All rights reserved. There is no warranty. You are allowed
to redistribute this software / documentation under certain
conditions. For details, see the file COPYING in the PDL
distribution. If this file is separated from the PDL distribution,
the copyright notice should be included in the file.

=cut

1;
