    POSTSUPER(1)                                                      POSTSUPER(1)

    NAME
           postsuper - Postfix superintendent

    SYNOPSIS
           postsuper [-psv] [-c config_dir] [-d queue_id]
                   [-h queue_id] [-H queue_id]
                   [-r queue_id] [directory ...]

    DESCRIPTION
           The  postsuper(1)  command  does  maintenance  jobs on the
           Postfix queue. Use of the command  is  restricted  to  the
           superuser.   See the postqueue(1) command for unprivileged
           queue operations such as  listing  or  flushing  the  mail
           queue.

           By default, postsuper(1) performs the operations requested
           with the -s and -p command-line  options  on  all  Postfix
           queue directories - this includes the incoming, active and
           deferred directories  with  mail  files  and  the  bounce,
           defer, trace and flush directories with log files.

           Options:

           -c config_dir
                  The  main.cf  configuration  file  is  in the named
                  directory  instead  of  the  default  configuration
                  directory.  See  also  the  MAIL_CONFIG environment
                  setting below.

           -d queue_id
                  Delete one message with the named queue ID from the
                  named   mail  queue(s)  (default:  hold,  incoming,
                  active and deferred).

                  If a queue_id of - is specified, the program  reads
                  queue  IDs  from  standard  input.  For example, to
                  delete  all  mail  with   exactly   one   recipient
                  user@example.com:

                  mailq | tail +2 | grep -v '^ *(' | awk  'BEGIN { RS = "" }
                      # $7=sender, $8=recipient1, $9=recipient2
                      { if ($8 == "user@example.com" && $9 == "")
                            print $1 }
                  ' | tr -d '*!' | postsuper -d -

                  Specify  "-d ALL" to remove all messages; for exam-
                  ple, specify "-d ALL deferred" to delete  all  mail
                  in  the  deferred  queue.  As a safety measure, the
                  word ALL must be specified in upper case.

                  Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused.  There is  a
                  very  small  possibility that postsuper deletes the
                  wrong message file when it is  executed  while  the
                  Postfix mail system is delivering mail.

                  The scenario is as follows:

                  1)     The  Postfix  queue manager deletes the mes-
                         sage that postsuper(1) is asked  to  delete,
                         because Postfix is finished with the message
                         (it is delivered, or it is returned  to  the
                         sender).

                  2)     New  mail  arrives,  and  the new message is
                         given the same queue ID as the message  that
                         postsuper(1)  is  supposed  to  delete.  The
                         probability for reusing a deleted  queue  ID
                         is about 1 in 2**15 (the number of different
                         microsecond values that the system clock can
                         distinguish within a second).

                  3)     postsuper(1)   deletes   the   new  message,
                         instead of the old message  that  it  should
                         have deleted.

           -h queue_id
                  Put  mail  "on  hold" so that no attempt is made to
                  deliver it.  Move one message with the named  queue
                  ID from the named mail queue(s) (default: incoming,
                  active and deferred) to the hold queue.

                  If a queue_id of - is specified, the program  reads
                  queue IDs from standard input.

                  Specify "-h ALL" to hold all messages; for example,
                  specify "-h ALL deferred" to hold all mail  in  the
                  deferred  queue.  As a safety measure, the word ALL
                  must be specified in upper case.

                  Note: while mail is "on hold" it  will  not  expire
                  when  its  time  in  the  queue  exceeds  the maxi-
                  mal_queue_lifetime  or  bounce_queue_lifetime  set-
                  ting.  It becomes subject to expiration after it is
                  released from "hold".

           -H queue_id
                  Release mail that was put "on hold".  Move one mes-
                  sage  with  the  named queue ID from the named mail
                  queue(s) (default: hold) to the deferred queue.

                  If a queue_id of - is specified, the program  reads
                  queue IDs from standard input.

                  Note:  specify  "postsuper -r" to release mail that
                  was kept on hold  for  a  significant  fraction  of
                  $maximal_queue_lifetime  or $bounce_queue_lifetime,
                  or longer.

                  Specify "-H ALL" to release all mail  that  is  "on
                  hold".   As  a safety measure, the word ALL must be
                  specified in upper case.

           -p     Purge old temporary files that are left over  after
                  system or software crashes.

           -r queue_id
                  Requeue  the  message  with the named queue ID from
                  the named mail queue(s) (default:  hold,  incoming,
                  active  and  deferred).   To  requeue multiple mes-
                  sages, specify multiple -r command-line options.

                  Alternatively, if a queue_id of - is specified, the
                  program reads queue IDs from standard input.

                  Specify  "-r  ALL"  to  requeue  all messages. As a
                  safety measure, the word ALL must be  specified  in
                  upper case.

                  A  requeued message is moved to the maildrop queue,
                  from where  it  is  copied  by  the  pickup(8)  and
                  cleanup(8)  daemons  to  a  new queue file. In many
                  respects its handling differs from that  of  a  new
                  local submission.

                  o      The   message   is   not  subjected  to  the
                         smtpd_milters or non_smtpd_milters settings.
                         When  mail  has  passed  through an external
                         content filter, this would produce incorrect
                         results with Milter applications that depend
                         on original SMTP connection  state  informa-
                         tion.

                  o      The  message  is  subjected  again  to  mail
                         address rewriting and substitution.  This is
                         useful  when rewriting rules or virtual map-
                         pings have changed.

                         The  address  rewriting  context  (local  or
                         remote)  is the same as when the message was
                         received.

                  o      The message is subjected to  the  same  con-
                         tent_filter  settings  (if  any) as used for
                         new local mail submissions.  This is  useful
                         when content_filter settings have changed.

                  Warning:  Postfix queue IDs are reused.  There is a
                  very small possibility that  postsuper(1)  requeues
                  the  wrong  message  file when it is executed while
                  the Postfix mail system is  running,  but  no  harm
                  should be done.

           -s     Structure  check and structure repair.  This should
                  be done once before Postfix startup.

                  o      Rename files whose name does not  match  the
                         message file inode number. This operation is
                         necessary after restoring a mail queue  from
                         a different machine, or from backup media.

                  o      Move queue files that are in the wrong place
                         in the file system hierarchy and remove sub-
                         directories that are no longer needed.  File
                         position rearrangements are necessary  after
                         a  change  in  the  hash_queue_names  and/or
                         hash_queue_depth configuration parameters.

           -v     Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Mul-
                  tiple  -v  options  make  the software increasingly
                  verbose.

    DIAGNOSTICS
           Problems are reported to the standard error stream and  to
           syslogd(8).

           postsuper(1)  reports  the number of messages deleted with
           -d, the number of messages requeued with -r, and the  num-
           ber  of  messages whose queue file name was fixed with -s.
           The report is written to the standard error stream and  to
           syslogd(8).

    ENVIRONMENT
           MAIL_CONFIG
                  Directory with the main.cf file.

    BUGS
           Mail  that  is  not sanitized by Postfix (i.e. mail in the
           maildrop queue) cannot be placed "on hold".

    CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
           The following main.cf parameters are  especially  relevant
           to this program.  The text below provides only a parameter
           summary. See postconf(5) for more details including  exam-
           ples.

           config_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
                  The  default  location  of  the Postfix main.cf and
                  master.cf configuration files.

           hash_queue_depth (1)
                  The number of subdirectory levels for queue  direc-
                  tories  listed with the hash_queue_names parameter.

           hash_queue_names (deferred, defer)
                  The names  of  queue  directories  that  are  split
                  across multiple subdirectory levels.

           queue_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
                  The  location of the Postfix top-level queue direc-
                  tory.

           syslog_facility (mail)
                  The syslog facility of Postfix logging.

           syslog_name (postfix)
                  The mail system  name  that  is  prepended  to  the
                  process  name  in  syslog  records, so that "smtpd"
                  becomes, for example, "postfix/smtpd".

    SEE ALSO
           sendmail(1), Sendmail-compatible user interface
           postqueue(1), unprivileged queue operations

    LICENSE
           The Secure Mailer license must be  distributed  with  this
           software.

    AUTHOR(S)
           Wietse Venema
           IBM T.J. Watson Research
           P.O. Box 704
           Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA

                                                                      POSTSUPER(1)