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*MODAL DAMPING

Keyword type: step

This card is used within a step in which the *MODAL DYNAMIC or *STEADY STATE DYNAMICS procedure has been selected. There are two optional, mutually exclusive parameters: RAYLEIGH and MODAL=DIRECT (default).

If MODAL=DIRECT is selected the user can specify the viscous damping factor for each mode separately. This is the default. Direct damping is not allowed in combination with nonzero single point constraints.

If RAYLEIGH is selected Rayleigh damping is applied in a global way, i.e. the damping matrix is taken to be a linear combination of the stiffness matrix and the mass matrix :

| (176)

The coefficients apply to all modes. The corresponding viscous damping factor for mode j amounts to:

| (177)

Consequently, damps the low frequencies, damps the high frequencies.

First line:

- *MODAL DAMPING,RAYLEIGH
- Enter any needed parameters and their values.

Second line if MODAL=DIRECT is selected (or, since this is default, if no additional parameter is entered):

- lowest mode of the range
- highest mode of the range (default is lowest mode of the range)
- viscous damping factor for modes between (and including) the lowest and highest mode of the range

Repeat this line if needed.

Second line if RAYLEIGH is selected:

- not used (kept for compatibility reasons with ABAQUS)
- not used (kept for compatibility reasons with ABAQUS)
- Coefficient of the mass matrix .
- Coefficient of the stiffness matrix .

    Example:

    *MODAL DAMPING,RAYLEIGH
    ,,0.,2.e-4

indicates that the damping matrix is obtained by multiplying the stiffness matrix with

Example files: beamdy3, beamdy4, beamdy5, beamdy6.

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