# SoAction Class Reference
[Actions]

`#include <Inventor/actions/SoAction.h>`

Inheritance diagram for SoAction:

List of all members.

## Detailed Description

The SoAction class is the base class for all traversal actions.

Applying actions is the basic mechanism in Coin for executing various operations on scene graphs or paths within scene graphs, including search operations, rendering, interaction through picking, etc.

The basic operation is to instantiate an action, set it up with miscellaneous parameters if necessary, then call it's apply() method on the root node of the scenegraph (or sub-graph of a scenegraph). The action then traverses the scenegraph from the root node, depth-first and left-to-right, applying it's specific processing at the nodes where it is applicable.

(The SoAction and it's derived classes in Coin is an implementation of the design pattern commonly known as the "Visitor" pattern.)

Here's a simple example that shows how to use the SoWriteAction to dump a scenegraph in the Inventor format to a file:

       int write_scenegraph(const char * filename, SoNode * root)
       {
         SoOutput output;
         if (output.openFile(filename)) return 0;

         // This is where the action is.  ;-)
         SoWriteAction wa(&output);
         wa.apply(root);

         return 1;
       }

After traversal, some action types have stored information about the (sub-)scenegraph that was traversed, which you can then inquire about through methods like SoGetBoundingBoxAction::getBoundingBox(), SoRayPickAction::getPickedPoint(), SoGetPrimitiveCountAction::getTriangleCount(), etc etc.

See the various built-in actions for further information (ie the subclasses of this class), or look at the example code applications of the Coin library to see how actions are generally used.

For extending the Coin library with your own classes, we strongly recommend that you make yourself acquainted with the excellent «The Inventor Toolmaker» book (ISBN 0-201-62493-1), which describes the tasks involved in detail. This book was written by the original SGI Inventor designers and explains many of the underlying design ideas, aswell as having lots of hands-on examples on how to extend the Coin toolkit in ways that are true to the fundamental design ideas. («The Inventor Toolmaker» is also available at SGI's online library, at no cost. See Download The Inventor Toolmaker.) Reading the sourcecode of the built-in classes in Coin should also provide very helpful.

The following example shows the basic outline on how to set up your own extension action class:

      // This is sample code on how you can get progress indication on Coin
      // export operations by extending the library with your own action
      // class. The new class inherits SoWriteAction. The code is presented
      // as a stand-alone example.
      //
      // The general technique is to inherit SoWriteAction and override it's
      // "entry point" into each node of the scenegraph. The granularity of
      // the progress callbacks is on a per-node basis, which should usually
      // be good enough.

      #include <Inventor/SoDB.h>
      #include <Inventor/actions/SoWriteAction.h>
      #include <Inventor/nodes/SoSeparator.h>

      class MyWriteAction : public SoWriteAction {
        SO_ACTION_HEADER(SoWriteAction);

      public:
        MyWriteAction(SoOutput * out);
        virtual ~MyWriteAction();

        static void initClass(void);

      protected:
        virtual void beginTraversal(SoNode * node);

      private:
        static void actionMethod(SoAction *, SoNode *);
        int nrnodes;
        int totalnrnodes;
      };

      SO_ACTION_SOURCE(MyWriteAction);

      MyWriteAction::MyWriteAction(SoOutput * out)
        : SoWriteAction(out)
      {
        SO_ACTION_CONSTRUCTOR(MyWriteAction);
      }

      MyWriteAction::~MyWriteAction()
      {
      }

      void
      MyWriteAction::initClass(void)
      {
        SO_ACTION_INIT_CLASS(MyWriteAction, SoWriteAction);

        SO_ACTION_ADD_METHOD(SoNode, MyWriteAction::actionMethod);
      }

      void
      MyWriteAction::beginTraversal(SoNode * node)
      {
        this->nrnodes = 0;
        this->totalnrnodes = 0;
        SoWriteAction::beginTraversal(node);
      }

      void
      MyWriteAction::actionMethod(SoAction * a, SoNode * n)
      {
        // To abort the export process in mid-writing, we could just avoid
        // calling in to the SoNode::writeS() method.
        SoNode::writeS(a, n);

        MyWriteAction * mwa = (MyWriteAction *)a;
        SoOutput * out = mwa->getOutput();
        if (out->getStage() == SoOutput::COUNT_REFS) {
          mwa->totalnrnodes++;
        }
        else { //  (out->getStage() == SoOutput::WRITE)
          mwa->nrnodes++;
          SbString s;
          s.sprintf(" # wrote node %p (%d/%d) \n", n, mwa->nrnodes, mwa->totalnrnodes);
          out->write(s.getString());
        }
      }

      int
      main(int argc, char ** argv)
      {
        if (argc < 2) {
          (void)fprintf(stderr, "\n\nUsage: %s <filename>\n\n", argv[0]);
          exit(1);
        }

        SoDB::init();
        MyWriteAction::initClass();

        SoInput in;
        if (!in.openFile(argv[1])) { exit(1); }

        SoSeparator * root = SoDB::readAll(&in);
        if (!root) { exit(1); }

        root->ref();

        SoOutput out;
        MyWriteAction mwa(&out);
        mwa.apply(root);

        root->unref();

        return 0;
      }

## Public Types

enum | AppliedCode { NODE = 0, PATH = 1, PATH_LIST = 2 }
enum | PathCode { NO_PATH = 0, IN_PATH = 1, BELOW_PATH = 2, OFF_PATH = 3 }

## Public Member Functions

virtual | ~SoAction ()
virtual SoType | getTypeId (void) const=0
virtual SbBool | isOfType (SoType type) const
virtual void | apply (SoNode *root)
virtual void | apply (SoPath *path)
virtual void | apply (const SoPathList &pathlist, SbBool obeysrules=FALSE)
void | apply (SoAction *beingApplied)
virtual void | invalidateState (void)
AppliedCode | getWhatAppliedTo (void) const
SoNode * | getNodeAppliedTo (void) const
SoPath * | getPathAppliedTo (void) const
const SoPathList * | getPathListAppliedTo (void) const
const SoPathList * | getOriginalPathListAppliedTo (void) const
SbBool | isLastPathListAppliedTo (void) const
PathCode | getPathCode (int &numindices, const int *&indices)
void | traverse (SoNode *const node)
SbBool | hasTerminated (void) const
const SoPath * | getCurPath (void)
SoState * | getState (void) const
PathCode | getCurPathCode (void) const
virtual SoNode * | getCurPathTail (void)
void | usePathCode (int &numindices, const int *&indices)
void | pushCurPath (const int childindex, SoNode *node=NULL)
void | popCurPath (const PathCode prevpathcode)
void | pushCurPath (void)
void | popPushCurPath (const int childindex, SoNode *node=NULL)
void | popCurPath (void)
void | switchToPathTraversal (SoPath *path)
void | switchToNodeTraversal (SoNode *node)

## Static Public Member Functions

void | initClass (void)
void | initClasses (void)
SoType | getClassTypeId (void)
void | nullAction (SoAction *action, SoNode *node)

## Protected Member Functions

| SoAction (void)
virtual void | beginTraversal (SoNode *node)
virtual void | endTraversal (SoNode *node)
void | setTerminated (const SbBool flag)
virtual const SoEnabledElementsList & | getEnabledElements (void) const
virtual SbBool | shouldCompactPathList (void) const

## Static Protected Member Functions

SoEnabledElementsList * | getClassEnabledElements (void)
SoActionMethodList * | getClassActionMethods (void)

## Protected Attributes

SoState * | state
SoActionMethodList * | traversalMethods

## Member Enumeration Documentation

enum SoAction::AppliedCode

| Enumerated values for what the action was applied to.

enum SoAction::PathCode

| Enumerated values for how the action is applied to a scene graph.

## Constructor & Destructor Documentation

SoAction::~SoAction | ( | void |  | ) | `[virtual]`

| Destructor, free resources.

SoAction::SoAction | ( | void |  | ) | `[protected]`

| Default constructor, does all necessary toplevel initialization.

## Member Function Documentation

void SoAction::initClass | ( | void |  | ) | `[static]`

Initializes the run-time type system for this class, and sets up the enabled elements and action method list.

Reimplemented in SoBoxHighlightRenderAction, SoCallbackAction, SoGLRenderAction, SoAudioRenderAction, SoGetBoundingBoxAction, SoGetMatrixAction, SoGetPrimitiveCountAction, SoHandleEventAction, SoLineHighlightRenderAction, SoPickAction, SoRayPickAction, SoSearchAction, SoToVRMLAction, SoToVRML2Action, SoWriteAction, SoIntersectionDetectionAction, SoVectorizeAction, and SoVectorizePSAction.

void SoAction::initClasses | ( | void |  | ) | `[static]`

| Initialize all the SoAction subclasses. Automatically called from SoAction::initClass().

SoType SoAction::getClassTypeId | ( | void |  | ) | `[static]`

| Returns the run-time type object associated with instances of this class.

SoType SoAction::getTypeId | ( | void |  | ) | const`[pure virtual]`

Returns the type identification of an action derived from a class inheriting SoAction. This is used for run-time type checking and "downward" casting.

Usage example:

      void bar(SoAction * action)
      {
        if (action->getTypeId() == SoGLRenderAction::getClassTypeId()) {
          // safe downward cast, know the type
          SoGLRenderAction * glrender = (SoGLRenderAction *)action;
        }
        return; // ignore if not renderaction
      }

For application programmers wanting to extend the library with new actions: this method needs to be overridden in all subclasses. This is typically done as part of setting up the full type system for extension classes, which is usually accomplished by using the pre-defined macros available through Inventor/nodes/SoSubAction.h: SO_ACTION_SOURCE, SO_ACTION_INIT_CLASS and SO_ACTION_CONSTRUCTOR.

For more information on writing Coin extensions, see the SoAction class documentation.

SbBool SoAction::isOfType | ( | SoType | type | ) | const`[virtual]`

| Returns `TRUE` if the type of this object is either of the same type or a subclass of type.

void SoAction::apply | ( | SoNode * | root | ) | `[virtual]`

| Applies the action to the scene graph rooted at root. Note that you should not apply an action to a node with a zero reference count. The behavior in that case is undefined. Reimplemented in SoBoxHighlightRenderAction, SoLineHighlightRenderAction, SoToVRMLAction, SoToVRML2Action, SoIntersectionDetectionAction, and SoVectorizeAction.

void SoAction::apply | ( | SoPath * | path | ) | `[virtual]`

| Applies the action to the parts of the graph defined by path. If the path ends in an SoGroup node, the action will also traverse the tail node's children. Reimplemented in SoBoxHighlightRenderAction, SoLineHighlightRenderAction, SoToVRMLAction, SoToVRML2Action, SoIntersectionDetectionAction, and SoVectorizeAction.

void SoAction::apply | ( | const SoPathList & | pathlist,
|  | SbBool | obeysrules = FALSE
| ) | `[virtual]`

Applies action to the graphs defined by pathlist. If obeysrules is set to `TRUE`, pathlist must obey the following four conditions (which is the case for path lists returned from search actions for non-group nodes and path lists returned from picking actions):

All paths must start at the same head node. All paths must be sorted in traversal order. The paths must be unique. No path can continue through the end point of another path.

Reimplemented in SoBoxHighlightRenderAction, SoLineHighlightRenderAction, SoToVRMLAction, SoToVRML2Action, SoIntersectionDetectionAction, and SoVectorizeAction.

void SoAction::apply | ( | SoAction * | beingApplied | ) |

Applies this action object to the same as beingApplied is being applied to.

Since:
  Coin 2.1

void SoAction::invalidateState | ( | void |  | ) | `[virtual]`

| Invalidates the state, forcing it to be recreated at the next apply() invocation. Reimplemented in SoGLRenderAction.

void SoAction::nullAction | ( | SoAction * | action,
|  | SoNode * | node
| ) | `[static]`

| This method is used for filling up the lookup tables with void methods.

SoAction::AppliedCode SoAction::getWhatAppliedTo | ( | void |  | ) | const

| Returns a code indicating what (node, path, or pathlist) the action instance is being applied to.

SoNode * SoAction::getNodeAppliedTo | ( | void |  | ) | const

| Returns a pointer to the node the action is being applied to. If action is not being applied to a node (but a path or a pathlist), the method returns `NULL`.

SoPath * SoAction::getPathAppliedTo | ( | void |  | ) | const

| Returns the pointer to the path the action is being applied to. The path is managed by the action instance and should not be destroyed or modified by the caller. If action is not being applied to a path (but a node or a pathlist), the method returns `NULL`.

const SoPathList * SoAction::getPathListAppliedTo | ( | void |  | ) | const

Returns the pointer to the path list the action is currently being applied to. The path list is managed by the action instance and should not be destroyed or modified by the caller.

If action is not being applied to a path list (but a node or a path), the method returns `NULL`.

The returned pathlist pointer need not be equal to the list apply() was called with, as the action may have reorganized the path list for efficiency reasons.

See also:
  void SoAction::apply(const SoPathList &, SbBool)

const SoPathList * SoAction::getOriginalPathListAppliedTo | ( | void |  | ) | const

| Returns a pointer to the original path list the action is being applied to. If the action is not being applied to a path list (but a node or a path), the method returns `NULL`.

SbBool SoAction::isLastPathListAppliedTo | ( | void |  | ) | const

| This method is not supported in Coin. It should probably have been private in OIV.

SoAction::PathCode SoAction::getPathCode | ( | int & | numindices,
|  | const int *& | indices
| ) |

| Returns a code that indicates where the current node lies with respect to the path(s) the action is being applied to. The arguments indices and numindices are only set if the method returns `IN_PATH`.

void SoAction::traverse | ( | SoNode *const | node | ) |

| Traverses a scene graph rooted at node, invoking the action methods of the nodes in the graph.

SbBool SoAction::hasTerminated | ( | void |  | ) | const

Returns `TRUE` if the action was prematurely terminated.

Note that the termination flag will be `FALSE` if the action simply completed its run over the scene graph in the "ordinary" fashion, i.e. was not explicitly aborted from any of the nodes in the graph.

See also:
  setTerminated()

const SoPath * SoAction::getCurPath | ( | void |  | ) |

| Returns a pointer to the path generated during traversal, from the root of the traversed graph to the current node.

SoState * SoAction::getState | ( | void |  | ) | const

| Returns a pointer to the state of the action instance. The state contains the current set of elements used during traversal.

SoAction::PathCode SoAction::getCurPathCode | ( | void |  | ) | const`[inline]`

| Returns the current traversal path code.

SoNode * SoAction::getCurPathTail | ( | void |  | ) | `[virtual]`

| This API member is considered internal to the library, as it is not likely to be of interest to the application programmer. Reimplemented in SoCallbackAction.

void SoAction::usePathCode | ( | int & | numindices,
|  | const int *& | indices
| ) |

| This API member is considered internal to the library, as it is not likely to be of interest to the application programmer.

void SoAction::pushCurPath | ( | const int | childindex,
|  | SoNode * | node = NULL
| ) |

| Get ready to traverse the childindex'th child. Use this method if the path code might change as a result of this. This method is very internal. Do not use unless you know what you're doing.

void SoAction::popCurPath | ( | const PathCode | prevpathcode | ) | `[inline]`

| Pops the current path, and sets the path code to prevpathcode. This method is very internal. Do not use unless you know what you're doing.

void SoAction::pushCurPath | ( | void |  | ) |

| Pushes a NULL node onto the current path. Use this before traversing all children when you know that the path code will not change while traversing children. This method is very internal. Do not use unless you know what you're doing.

void SoAction::popPushCurPath | ( | const int | childindex,
|  | SoNode * | node = NULL
| ) |

| Get ready to traverse the childindex'th child. Use this method if you know the path code will not change as a result of this. This method is very internal. Do not use unless you know what you're doing.

void SoAction::popCurPath | ( | void |  | ) |

| Pops of the last child in the current path. Use this if you know the path code hasn't changed since the current path was pushed. This method is very internal. Do not use unless you know what you're doing.

void SoAction::switchToPathTraversal | ( | SoPath * | path | ) |

| Store our state, traverse the given path, restore our state and continue traversal.

void SoAction::switchToNodeTraversal | ( | SoNode * | node | ) |

| Store our state, traverse the subgraph rooted at the given node, restore our state and continue traversal.

void SoAction::beginTraversal | ( | SoNode * | node | ) | `[protected, virtual]`

This virtual method is called from SoAction::apply(), and is the entry point for the actual scenegraph traversal.

It can be overridden to initialize the action at traversal start, for specific initializations in the action subclasses inheriting SoAction.

Default method just calls traverse(), which any overridden implementation of the method must do too (or call SoAction::beginTraversal()) to trigger the scenegraph traversal.

Reimplemented in SoCallbackAction, SoGLRenderAction, SoAudioRenderAction, SoGetBoundingBoxAction, SoGetMatrixAction, SoGetPrimitiveCountAction, SoHandleEventAction, SoPickAction, SoRayPickAction, SoSearchAction, SoToVRMLAction, SoToVRML2Action, and SoWriteAction.

void SoAction::endTraversal | ( | SoNode * | node | ) | `[protected, virtual]`

| This virtual method can be overridden to execute code after the scene graph traversal. Default method does nothing. Reimplemented in SoGLRenderAction.

void SoAction::setTerminated | ( | const SbBool | flag | ) | `[protected]`

Set the termination flag.

Typically set to TRUE from nodes upon special conditions being met during scene graph traversal -- like the correct node being found when doing SoSearchAction traversal or when grabbing the event from an SoHandleEventAction.

See also:
  hasTerminated()

const SoEnabledElementsList & SoAction::getEnabledElements | ( | void |  | ) | const`[protected, virtual]`

| Returns a list of the elements used by action instances of this class upon traversal operations.

SbBool SoAction::shouldCompactPathList | ( | void |  | ) | const`[protected, virtual]`

| This API member is considered internal to the library, as it is not likely to be of interest to the application programmer.

SoEnabledElementsList * SoAction::getClassEnabledElements | ( | void |  | ) | `[static, protected]`

| This API member is considered internal to the library, as it is not likely to be of interest to the application programmer. This method not available in the original OIV API, see SoSubAction.h for explanation.

SoActionMethodList * SoAction::getClassActionMethods | ( | void |  | ) | `[static, protected]`

| This API member is considered internal to the library, as it is not likely to be of interest to the application programmer. This method not available in the original OIV API, see SoSubAction.h for explanation.

## Member Data Documentation

SoAction::state `[protected]`

| Pointer to the traversal state instance of the action.

SoAction::traversalMethods `[protected]`

| Stores the list of "nodetype to actionmethod" mappings for the particular action instance.

The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:

- SoAction.h
- SoAction.cpp