PHP Handbuch
Zurück | Anhang L. List of Supported Protocols/Wrappers | Weiter

# HTTP and HTTPS

PHP 3, PHP 4, PHP 5. `https://` since PHP 4.3.0

- `http://example.com`

- `http://example.com/file.php?var1=val1&var2=val2`

- `http://user:password@example.com`

- `https://example.com`

- `https://example.com/file.php?var1=val1&var2=val2`

- `https://user:password@example.com`

Allows read-only access to files/resources via HTTP 1.0, using the HTTP GET method. A Host: header is sent with the request to handle name-based virtual hosts. If you have configured a user_agent string using your ini file or the stream context, it will also be included in the request.

Warnung

Bei SSL-Verbindungen zusammen mit Microsoft IIS hält sich dieser Webserver nicht an das Protokoll und schließt die Verbindung ohne ein close_notify zu senden. PHP quittiert dieses Fehlverhalten mit "SSL: Fatal Protocol Error", wenn das Ende der Daten erreicht ist. Eine mögliche Lösung besteht darin, das Level von error_reporting herabzusetzten und warnings auzuschließen. Ab PHP 4.3.7 kann PHP fehlerhafte IIS Serversoftware erkennen, wenn Sie einen Stream mit dem https:// Wrapper öffnen und unterdrückt die Warnung für Sie. Falls Sie fsockopen() benutzen um einen ssl:// Socket zu öffnen, müssen Sie selbst dafür Sorge tragen, die Warnung zu erkennen und diese zu unterdrücken.

Redirects have been supported since PHP 4.0.5; if you are using an earlier version you will need to include trailing slashes in your URLs. If it's important to know the URL of the resource where your document came from (after all redirects have been processed), you'll need to process the series of response headers returned by the stream.

`<?php $url = 'http://www.example.com/redirecting_page.php'; $fp = fopen($url, 'r'); /* Prior to PHP 4.3.0 use $http_response_header instead of stream_get_meta_data() */ foreach(stream_get_meta_data($fp) as $response) { /* Were we redirected? */ if (substr(strtolower($response), 0, 10) == 'location: ') { /* update $url with where we were redirected to */ $url = substr($response, 10); } } ?>`

The stream allows access to the body of the resource; the headers are stored in the $http_response_header variable. Since PHP 4.3.0, the headers are available using stream_get_meta_data().

HTTP connections are read-only; you cannot write data or copy files to an HTTP resource.

> Anmerkung: HTTPS is supported starting from PHP 4.3.0, if you have compiled in support for OpenSSL.

Tabelle L-2. Wrapper Summary

Attribute | Supported
--- | ---
Restricted by allow_url_fopen. | Yes
Allows Reading | Yes
Allows Writing | No
Allows Appending | No
Allows Simultaneous Reading and Writing | N/A
Supports stat() | No
Supports unlink() | No
Supports rename() | No
Supports mkdir() | No
Supports rmdir() | No

Tabelle L-3. Context options (as of PHP 5.0.0)

Name | Usage | Default
--- | --- | ---
method | `GET`, `POST`, or any other HTTP method supported by the remote server. | `GET`
header | Additional headers to be sent during request. Values in this option will override other values (such as User-agent:, Host:, and Authentication:). |
user_agent | Value to send with User-Agent: header. This value will only be used if user-agent is not specified in the header context option above. | `php.ini` setting: user_agent
content | Additional data to be sent after the headers. Typically used with POST or PUT requests. |
proxy | URI specifying address of proxy server. (e.g. tcp://proxy.example.com:5100 ). |
request_fulluri | When set to `TRUE`, the entire URI will be used when constructing the request. (i.e. GET http://www.example.com/path/to/file.html HTTP/1.0). While this is a non-standard request format, some proxy servers require it. | `FALSE`

> Underlying socket stream context options: Additional context options may be supported by the underlying transport For http:// streams, refer to context options for the tcp:// transport. For https:// streams, refer to context options for the ssl:// transport.

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