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# XII. CURL, Client URL Library Functions

# 소개

PHP supports libcurl, a library created by Daniel Stenberg, that allows you to connect and communicate to many different types of servers with many different types of protocols. libcurl currently supports the http, https, ftp, gopher, telnet, dict, file, and ldap protocols. libcurl also supports HTTPS certificates, HTTP POST, HTTP PUT, FTP uploading (this can also be done with PHP's ftp extension), HTTP form based upload, proxies, cookies, and user+password authentication.

These functions have been added in PHP 4.0.2.

# 요구 사항

In order to use the CURL functions you need to install the CURL package. PHP requires that you use CURL 7.0.2-beta or higher. PHP will not work with any version of CURL below version 7.0.2-beta. In PHP 4.2.3, you will need CURL version 7.9.0 or higher. From PHP 4.3.0, you will need a CURL version that's 7.9.8 or higher. PHP 5.0.0 will most likely require a CURL version greater than 7.10.5

# 설치

To use PHP's CURL support you must also compile PHP `--with-curl[=DIR]` where DIR is the location of the directory containing the lib and include directories. In the "include" directory there should be a folder named "curl" which should contain the `easy.h` and `curl.h` files. There should be a file named `libcurl.a` located in the "lib" directory. Beginning with PHP 4.3.0 you can configure PHP to use CURL for URL streams `--with-curlwrappers`.

> Note to Win32 Users: In order to enable this module on a Windows environment, you must copy `libeay32.dll` and `ssleay32.dll` from the DLL folder of the PHP/Win32 binary package to the SYSTEM folder of your Windows machine. (Ex: `C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32` or `C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM`)

# 상수 정의

이 확장 모듈은 다음의 상수를 정의합니다. 이는 확장 모듈을 PHP에 내장했거나, 실행시에 동적으로 읽어들일 경우에만 사용할 수 있습니다.

`CURLOPT_PORT` (integer)

`CURLOPT_FILE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_INFILE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_INFILESIZE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_URL` (integer)

`CURLOPT_PROXY` (integer)

`CURLOPT_VERBOSE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_HEADER` (integer)

`CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER` (integer)

`CURLOPT_NOPROGRESS` (integer)

`CURLOPT_NOBODY` (integer)

`CURLOPT_FAILONERROR` (integer)

`CURLOPT_UPLOAD` (integer)

`CURLOPT_POST` (integer)

`CURLOPT_FTPLISTONLY` (integer)

`CURLOPT_FTPAPPEND` (integer)

`CURLOPT_NETRC` (integer)

`CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION` (integer)

`CURLOPT_FTPASCII` (integer)

`CURLOPT_PUT` (integer)

`CURLOPT_MUTE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_USERPWD` (integer)

`CURLOPT_PROXYUSERPWD` (integer)

`CURLOPT_RANGE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_TIMEOUT` (integer)

`CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS` (integer)

`CURLOPT_REFERER` (integer)

`CURLOPT_USERAGENT` (integer)

`CURLOPT_FTPPORT` (integer)

`CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT` (integer)

`CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_TIME` (integer)

`CURLOPT_RESUME_FROM` (integer)

`CURLOPT_COOKIE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_SSLCERT` (integer)

`CURLOPT_SSLCERTPASSWD` (integer)

`CURLOPT_WRITEHEADER` (integer)

`CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST` (integer)

`CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_SSLVERSION` (integer)

`CURLOPT_TIMECONDITION` (integer)

`CURLOPT_TIMEVALUE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST` (integer)

`CURLOPT_STDERR` (integer)

`CURLOPT_TRANSFERTEXT` (integer)

`CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER` (integer)

`CURLOPT_QUOTE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_POSTQUOTE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_INTERFACE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_KRB4LEVEL` (integer)

`CURLOPT_HTTPPROXYTUNNEL` (integer)

`CURLOPT_FILETIME` (integer)

`CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION` (integer)

`CURLOPT_READFUNCTION` (integer)

`CURLOPT_PASSWDFUNCTION` (integer)

`CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION` (integer)

`CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS` (integer)

`CURLOPT_MAXCONNECTS` (integer)

`CURLOPT_CLOSEPOLICY` (integer)

`CURLOPT_FRESH_CONNECT` (integer)

`CURLOPT_FORBID_REUSE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_RANDOM_FILE` (integer)

`CURLOPT_EGDSOCKET` (integer)

`CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT` (integer)

`CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER` (integer)

`CURLOPT_CAINFO` (integer)

`CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR` (integer)

`CURLOPT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST` (integer)

`CURLOPT_BINARYTRANSFER` (integer)

`CURLCLOSEPOLICY_LEAST_RECENTLY_USED` (integer)

`CURLCLOSEPOLICY_LEAST_TRAFFIC` (integer)

`CURLCLOSEPOLICY_SLOWEST` (integer)

`CURLCLOSEPOLICY_CALLBACK` (integer)

`CURLCLOSEPOLICY_OLDEST` (integer)

`CURLINFO_EFFECTIVE_URL` (integer)

`CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE` (integer)

`CURLINFO_HEADER_SIZE` (integer)

`CURLINFO_REQUEST_SIZE` (integer)

`CURLINFO_TOTAL_TIME` (integer)

`CURLINFO_NAMELOOKUP_TIME` (integer)

`CURLINFO_CONNECT_TIME` (integer)

`CURLINFO_PRETRANSFER_TIME` (integer)

`CURLINFO_SIZE_UPLOAD` (integer)

`CURLINFO_SIZE_DOWNLOAD` (integer)

`CURLINFO_SPEED_DOWNLOAD` (integer)

`CURLINFO_SPEED_UPLOAD` (integer)

`CURLINFO_FILETIME` (integer)

`CURLINFO_SSL_VERIFYRESULT` (integer)

`CURLINFO_CONTENT_LENGTH_DOWNLOAD` (integer)

`CURLINFO_CONTENT_LENGTH_UPLOAD` (integer)

`CURLE_OK` (integer)

`CURLE_UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL` (integer)

`CURLE_FAILED_INIT` (integer)

`CURLE_URL_MALFORMAT` (integer)

`CURLE_URL_MALFORMAT_USER` (integer)

`CURLE_COULDNT_RESOLVE_PROXY` (integer)

`CURLE_COULDNT_RESOLVE_HOST` (integer)

`CURLE_COULDNT_CONNECT` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_WEIRD_SERVER_REPLY` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_ACCESS_DENIED` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_USER_PASSWORD_INCORRECT` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_WEIRD_PASS_REPLY` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_WEIRD_USER_REPLY` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_WEIRD_PASV_REPLY` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_WEIRD_227_FORMAT` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_CANT_GET_HOST` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_CANT_RECONNECT` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_SET_BINARY` (integer)

`CURLE_PARTIAL_FILE` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_RETR_FILE` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_WRITE_ERROR` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_QUOTE_ERROR` (integer)

`CURLE_HTTP_NOT_FOUND` (integer)

`CURLE_WRITE_ERROR` (integer)

`CURLE_MALFORMAT_USER` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_STOR_FILE` (integer)

`CURLE_READ_ERROR` (integer)

`CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY` (integer)

`CURLE_OPERATION_TIMEOUTED` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_SET_ASCII` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_PORT_FAILED` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_USE_REST` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_GET_SIZE` (integer)

`CURLE_HTTP_RANGE_ERROR` (integer)

`CURLE_HTTP_POST_ERROR` (integer)

`CURLE_SSL_CONNECT_ERROR` (integer)

`CURLE_FTP_BAD_DOWNLOAD_RESUME` (integer)

`CURLE_FILE_COULDNT_READ_FILE` (integer)

`CURLE_LDAP_CANNOT_BIND` (integer)

`CURLE_LDAP_SEARCH_FAILED` (integer)

`CURLE_LIBRARY_NOT_FOUND` (integer)

`CURLE_FUNCTION_NOT_FOUND` (integer)

`CURLE_ABORTED_BY_CALLBACK` (integer)

`CURLE_BAD_FUNCTION_ARGUMENT` (integer)

`CURLE_BAD_CALLING_ORDER` (integer)

`CURLE_HTTP_PORT_FAILED` (integer)

`CURLE_BAD_PASSWORD_ENTERED` (integer)

`CURLE_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS` (integer)

`CURLE_UNKNOWN_TELNET_OPTION` (integer)

`CURLE_TELNET_OPTION_SYNTAX` (integer)

`CURLE_OBSOLETE` (integer)

`CURLE_SSL_PEER_CERTIFICATE` (integer)

# 예제

Once you've compiled PHP with CURL support, you can begin using the CURL functions. The basic idea behind the CURL functions is that you initialize a CURL session using the curl_init(), then you can set all your options for the transfer via the curl_setopt(), then you can execute the session with the curl_exec() and then you finish off your session using the curl_close(). Here is an example that uses the CURL functions to fetch the example.com homepage into a file:

예 1. Using PHP's CURL module to fetch the example.com homepage

`<?php $ch = curl_init("http://www.example.com/"); $fp = fopen("example_homepage.txt", "w"); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0); curl_exec($ch); curl_close($ch); fclose($fp); ?>`

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