- Download
  - Application
  - Documentation
  - Source
- Introduction
- Tutorial
- Windows
  - Font
  - Outline Glyph
  - Bitmap Glyph
  - Metrics
  - Font Information
- Menus
  - File
  - Edit
  - Point
  - Element
  - Tools
  - Hints
  - Encoding
  - View
  - Metrics
  - CID
  - Multi Master
  - Window
  - Help
- FAQ
- Index
- Glossary

# FontForge

FontForge -- An outline font editor that lets you create your own postscript, truetype, opentype, cid-keyed, multi-master, cff, svg and bitmap (bdf, FON, NFNT) fonts, or edit existing ones. Also lets you convert one format to another. FontForge has support for many macintosh font formats.

FontForge's user interface has been localized for: (English), Russian, Japanese, French, Italian, Spanish, Vietnamese, Greek, Simplified & Traditional Chinese, German, Polish.
This website itself has been translated into Japanese and the tutorial into traditional Chinese and German .

- System specific notes
  Unix/Linux | Mac | MS/Windows | VMS | from source | Uninstalling

- User & Reference manual. (downloadable)-- Shorter tutorial html - pdf - example files
  Documentation downloads
- SourceForge Project page / SourceForge File Release System / Donate to FontForge
- Dependencies
- Helper files for editing CID keyed fonts
- Suggested fonts
- Configuring a wacom tablet
- A library sfd fonts
- License
- Change Log (older changes, even older changes -- to PfaEdit). Changes to the sfd format.
- FAQ
- Mailing Lists
- Things missing...
- Known Bugs
- Reporting Bugs
- How else you can help
- Acknowledgements
- Font File Formats (standards)
- Unicode
- Books
- Companion programs & fontforge scripts
  - fontlint man page
  - sfddiff man page
  - fontimage man page
  - acorn2sfd man page
  - random font utilities
- Related tools
- Open Source Font development efforts

I have no one to do QA for me except users on the net, so this is essentially (and eternally) beta software. Expect to find bugs. Please let me know when you do (this is a public mailing list).

## License

> > Copyright © 2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008 by George Williams

> > Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

> > Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

> > Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

> > The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

> > THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

This is essentially the "revised BSD license".

## Mailing Lists

There are currently three mailing lists established for FontForge. You may subscribe to any of them on sourceforge: http://sourceforge.net/mail/?group_id=103338. You may not post to a list until you have subscribed (sorry about that, but we were getting too much spam).

Caveat: Posting to these mailing lists exposes your email address.

- fontforge-devel -- for reporting bugs, requesting features and such
  To subscribe, look at http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/fontforge-devel
  For archives, look at http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/forum.php?forum=fontforge-devel
- fontforge-testcases -- To send large test cases to me
  Do not subscribe to this list.
  For archives, look at http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/forum.php?forum=fontforge-testcases
- fontforge-users -- for general discussion of fontforge
  To subscribe, look at http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/fontforge-users
  For archives, look at http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/forum.php?forum=fontforge-users
- fontforge-announce -- used (by me) to report major changes, etc.
  To subscribe, look at http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/fontforge-announce

## Lacks

FontForge is by no means perfect. And probably has some bugs. Be prepared to save frequently and consider working on a copy of the original.

- No attempt has been made to be efficient.
- Many type 3 fonts will not be read in correctly
- Importing a type0 font loses the encoding. FontForge only imports simple type0 fonts (such as those made by itself), will get confused if there's more than one font with a chars dictionary.
- FontForge's does not support contextual ligatures for Apple Advanced Typography (AAT) fonts
- There are a number of opentype/AAT tables which FontForge does NOT support.

## Bugs

O, don't the days seem lank and long When all goes right and nothing goes wrong, And isn't your life extremely flat With nothing whatever to grumble at! Princess Ida, Act III, W.S. Gilbert (& Sullivan)

This list includes the gross bugs that I'm aware of but don't know how to fix. Minor bugs get reported to me and are generally fixed within a week and rarely appear on this list.

- Some truetype fonts (kaiu and mingliu) do not store the correct outline. Instead they rely on using the instructions to move points around to generate the outline. The outline does not appear to be grid-fit at all, just positioned. FontForge does not apply the instructions when loading. In most fonts this would be the wrong thing to do, and I don't know how I could tell when it needs to be done...
- After adding the Johab encoding 23/Nov/01, any old fonts (in sfd files) which had a unicode encoding will suddenly claim to have a Johab encoding. I don't see a way around this at the moment. Just reencode them as unicode and all should be well.
- I'm told AutoKern doesn't work too well. (I may have fixed this, but I'm not sure)
- FontForge is confused by small splines, on the order of one em unit. If you need something that small, scale the font up by a factor of 2 or more (including the ascent and descent).
- There is a fundamental problem when importing a type3 font (or an eps file). In an most postscript programs each contour is stroked or filled individually, but in a type1 character, all contours are filled together. This can lead to unexpected side-effects if contours overlap. (configuring fontforge for mutlilayered editing can help with this)
- On linux boxes the dashed lines representing hints or the outlines of references get screwed up. I think this is a bug in the XServer on linux (it doesn't happen on other systems) but I have not examined it closely.
- FontForge will not copy and paste large (>XServer transfer (4Meg on my machine)) clipboards of text.
- Under gnome mnemonics in menus don't work. Personally I consider this a bug in gnome.
- Under gnome, docked palettes don't work the first time. Personally I consider this a bug in gnome.
- FontForge only produces an approximation to the OS/2 Codepages fields.
- Some commands don't work well in extreme conditions.
- ???

## Reporting bugs...

I'm sure you'll find some. If you can isolate it and come up with a reproducible minimal case, that would be great. If your executable has symbols in it, you could run it in gdb and get a stack trace... Give me a test case if possible. Do what you can.

Please post bugs to: | fontforge-devel@lists.sourceforge.net (this is a public mailing list)
Post large testcases to: | fontforge-testcases@lists.sourceforge.net (this is a public mailing list)

## How else you can help.

- My writing leaves much to be desired. Anyone who can make my documentation more readable is encouraged to do so. (or who wishes to translate it into other languages, or who wishes to put it into a more flexable format, KANOU has a Japanese version)
- I also have a brief tutorial in pdf format and in html. This could also be translated into other languages (and would be a simpler job than trying to translate the entire website). The html has been translated into German and Chinese.
- The UI can be translated into different languages. FontForge now uses gnu gettext. See the section on translation notes for more info.
  - English I take care of
    - (I've even got an en_GB file for those differences I've noticed between British & US spellings, but if anyone with a sharper eye finds other differences, please let me know)
  - Russian is provided by Alexandre Prokoudne, originally by Valek Filippov.
    Last Update July 2008
  - Japanese is provided by KANOU Hiroki. (and has translated the entire website)
    Last Update Jul 2006
  - French is provided by Pierre Hanser and Yannis Haralambous.
    Last update Nov 2007
  - Italian was provided by Claudio Beccari, but I can no longer contact him. This needs to be updated!
    Last update Feb 2003
  - Spanish is provided by Walter Echarri
    Last update Oct 2004
  - Vietnamese is provided by Clytie Siddall.
    Last update Jan 2008
  - Simplified Chinese is provided by Lee Chenhwa
    Last update (July-2008)
  - Traditional Chinese is provided by Wei-Lun Chao at OSSII
    Last update (Aug-2007)
  - Wei-ju Wu has translated the tutorial into German
  - Philipp Poll is providing a German UI.
    Last update (Apr 2007)
  - Michal Nowakowski is constantly updating the Polish translation.
    Last update (Oct-2007)
  - Apostolos Syropoulos is working on a Greek translation
    Last update (Apr-2007)
  - Any other language additions would be great (the entire UI does not need to be translated, any subset is a help), if you are interested see the translation notes here.
- You can take over a chunk of the code:
  - Michal Nowakowski and Alexej Kyukov have taken over the auto instructor and auto hinter.
- Different font formats
  FontForge supports Type1, truetype, opentype, cff, type42, cid-keyed and svg fonts, also bdf and NFNT for bitmaps
  FontForge will sort-of accept metafont files (essentially it runs metafont and autotraces the result). It won't produce .mf files
  FontForge will read (but not produce) Ikarus files
  FontForge will read acorn font files with a helper app.
  But there are other formats out there that I can't find descriptions of or don't think are worth supporting
  - Can you point me at documentation for other standards
  - Can you explain why that format is useful?
- There are certain commands which don't work very well and if someone else wanted to they might code them better than I...
  - Remove overlap (has problems with coincident splines)
  - Expand Stroke (has problems when there are sharp bends near the end of a contour (or near a joint where the slope is discontinuous) -- a sharp bend is one where the radius of curvature is smaller than half the stroke-width)
  - Autokern (might be fixed now)
  - Change Weight & Condense/Extend make assumptions about glyphs that aren't always true.
- References
  - I'd like to provide a reasonable bibliography, please suggest some good relevant books.
  - Are there any other programs or websites that I should be mentioning?
- Tests
  - I've have a very simplistic testsuite-- more to weed out crashes in the underlying engine, than to make sure it produces the right results. If anyone has a better idea for an automated suite, or would like to contribute tests to the current stuff, please let me know.
- QA
  - I don't.
    I find QA boring, and since no one is paying me for this I don't do very much (I generally run it past my testsuite from time to time). This is obviously a problem. If anyone (or several anyones) wants to undertake to do QA for me I'd be delighted (this is a public mailing list).
- Printing tests
  - I'm always on the look out for short copyright free texts for printing. I'm looking for samples from languages I don't have anything on, or in styles that I don't have.
    I'm also interested in phrases equivalent to "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." (pangrams). These are short sentences which use every letter in the script.
- Indic information
  - Indic languages have a series of special ligature features in opentype. I believe that FontForge could probably generate some of these by default but I don't know enough to say which. If you are familiar with indic scripts could you give me a list of conversions in a format like

    >     U+0066 + U+0069 => U+FB01 'liga'

- Donate to FontForge

## Acknowledgements

The sample text in File->Print comes from many sources.

The following people have helped debug fontforge. Many thanks! (actually the list should be far longer than this)

- Tom Harvey
- Ken Chilton
- Gerhard Killesreiter
- Alexander Kotelnikov
- University of California, Santa Barbara
  (which has several times let me use some of their machines to do builds and find bugs if I didn't have the requisite system at home).
- Uwe Koloska
- Max Neunhoeffer
- Martin Giese
- E.J. Neafsey
- Norvell Spearman
- Stefan Fendt
- Harald ?Gleis?
- Valek Filippov
- Pasi Eronen
- Luc Devroye
- Scott Pakin
- Robert Brady
- Dung Ta Quang
- Sivan Toledo
- Gerhard Schellhorn
- MinGyoon
- Olaf Rogalsky
- Baruch Even
- Volker Gering
- Torsten Bronger
- Jacob Jansen
- Ulrich Klauer
- Andrey V. Panov
- Edward G.J. Lee
- Werner LEMBERG
- KANOU Hiroki
- Pierre Hanser
- Claudio Beccari
- Yannis Haralambous
- Walter Echarri
- Wei-ju Wu
- Huw Davies of CodeWarriors who showed me how to generate a windows fon format.
- Wei-Lun Chao
- Sergey Malkin
- And many others!

I owe David Turner (and everyone else) of FreeType a debt for providing an API which allows me to debug truetype instructions. Also he came up with the name "FontForge".

FontForge was inspired by AltSys's Fontographer now rescued from MacroMedia by FontLab.

My father inspired a general interest in typography (though he is interested in renaissance printing techniques rather than computers).

And finally I owe thanks to Linda Dozier, David Cole and everyone at NaviSoft which company has given me the free time to write this program.

## Related Tools

- BDF editors
  - gbdfed -- bdf editor
    Formerly called xmbdfed
  - gfe -- GNU font editor. Eventually supposed to support other formats
  - fstobdf -- Part of the X distribution, reads a font from the server and generates a bdf file from it.
- Postscript/ttf font editors
  - Manutius -- (only for windows, German UI, Type1 fonts)
  - spif -- under development (open source)
  - gfonted -- under development (open source)
  - DoubleType -- Java based open source truetype designer
  - Luc Devroye's page of links to font creation programs
  - pfaedit -- The old name for fontforge

  - Fontographer -- my favorite, has not been updated since1996 but has recently been purchased by FontLab who promise an update in 2006 (proprietary)
  - FontLab -- Said to have really good tools for hinting truetype. (proprietary)
    - AsiaFont Studio -- FontLab for big fonts (proprietary)
  - FontMaster (used to be Ikarus )-- Top of the line font creation software. (proprietary)
  - Font Creator -- TrueType editor. (proprietary)
  - CR8Type -- TrueType font editor (proprietary)
    - TTHmachine -- Hinting tool
- MetaFont -- Knuth's font generation which produces bitmaps from a program based on splines (& other TeX utilities)
  - (available with the TeX package)
  - MetaPost, Uses the metafont language to produce PostScript pictures.
  - MetaType1, Which attempts to generate a type1 font directly from the metafont splines (I think)
  - MetaFog -- Part of TrueTeX (proprietary) another mf->outline converter.
  - TeXTrace, generates pfb fonts from TeX fonts by rasterizing at high res and then autotracing them
  - mftops, similar
  - mftrace, traces pk fonts (bitmap images) and creates pfb/pfa files. (formerly called pktrace)
- Postscript utilities
  - gfontview -- displays a postscript/ttf font
  - gglyph -- another font displayer
  - t1utils -- Type 1 utility programs & multiple master utilities
  - Type1inst -- helps to install type 1 fonts under X and ghostscript
  - ttf2pt1 -- Converts truetype to type1 postscript fonts and generates hints
  - ttftot42 -- Converts truetype to type42 postscript fonts.
  - type1fix -- (part of the TeXtrace package). Used to make some Type1 fonts work with ATM.
  - my stuff -- Type 1 decoders and converters. True Type & open type decoder.
- TrueType utilities
  - Rogier C van Dalen has written a set of utilities for viewing and hinting truetype fonts
  - Peter Baker has a programming language called xgridfit for hinting truetype fonts. It is also available bundled with his junicode font.

    > Xgridfit aims to releve some of the tedium of instructng fonts by provding such amenities as named points, control values, variables and functions, high-level programmng structure, and automatic management of stack and reference points.

  - TTX provides an opensource way of editing all the strange tables in a opentype font (by converting them from/to XML)
  - Microsoft provides a bunch of stuff (for windows only of course)
    - Various tools
    - Font Properties Editor
    - Font instructors
    - Font signer (will produce a DSIG (digital signature) table for the font. You need to get a key from verisign first)
  - And Adobe provides a Font Developer Kit (mostly for setting opentype tables I think)
  - And Apple does too (mac only)
  - And some OS/X tools (mac only)
- Other font creation tools
  - Palm pilot font converters
  - pcf to windows fon converter
  - bdf to windows fon converter (BDFtoFON)
  - nafe -- text based psf font utilities
- Font manipulation libraries
  - RoboFab -- Font library for python
- Rasterizers
  - FreeType's Rasterizer (used to be just truetype, handles almost anything now)
  - t1lib -- Type1 Rasterizer
- Other font tools of mine
  - fondu -- Unwraps fonts from mac resource files (this includes dfonts). Produces ttf, pfb and bdf files for 'sfnt', 'POST' and 'NFNT' resources
  - mensis -- Allows the user much finer control over some truetype tables than is provided by FontForge.
  - showttf -- Dumps the contents of a truetype/opentype font. Does some error checking too.
  - pcl2ttf -- Reads a pcl file (to go to an HP printer) and extracts any truetype or bitmap fonts in it. (the bitmap fonts become bdf files, the truetype fonts become ttf files).
- font organizers
  - fontlinge
- Unicode Font Guide for Free/Libre Open Source Operating Systems
- Other related links...

If you know of a tool you think should be on this list, please let me know (this is a public mailing list). I did my research a couple of years ago and expect it is out of date.

## Open Source font development efforts

- DejaVu -- extension of bitstream Vera to cyrillic & greek.
- Free UCS Outline Fonts -- A set of free OpenType fonts covering ISO 10646/Unicode character set..
- Computer Modern Unicode -- Outline based version of Knuth's TeX fonts, extended to unicode.
- JUnicode -- A free (GPL) font especially for scholars working with European medieval texts
- TypeForge -- a site for collaborative font development.
- Linux Libertine -- A replacement for the Times font family
- Open Font Library -- Collecting public domain fonts in one place for easy use