urine {boot} | R Documentation

## Urine Analysis Data

### Description

The `urine` data frame has 79 rows and 7 columns.

79 urine specimens were analyzed in an effort to determine if certain physical characteristics of the urine might be related to the formation of calcium oxalate crystals.

### Usage

    data(urine)

### Format

This data frame contains the following columns:

`r`
  Indicator of the presence of calcium oxalate crystals.
`gravity`
  The specific gravity of the urine.
`ph`
  The pH reading of the urine.
`osmo`
  The osmolarity of the urine. Osmolarity is proportional to the concentration of molecules in solution.
`cond`
  The conductivity of the urine. Conductivity is proportional to the concentration of charged ions in solution.
`urea`
  The urea concentration in millimoles per litre.
`calc`
  The calcium concentration in millimoles per litre.

### Source

The data were obtained from

Andrews, D.F. and Herzberg, A.M. (1985) Data: A Collection of Problems from Many Fields for the Student and Research Worker. Springer-Verlag.

### References

Davison, A.C. and Hinkley, D.V. (1997) Bootstrap Methods and Their Application. Cambridge University Press.

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