## Text Encoding Initiative

### The XML Version of the TEI Guidelines

# <shift>

`<shift>` | (Shift) marks the point at which some paralinguistic feature of a series of utterances by any one speaker changes.

Attributes

(In addition to global attributes and those inherited from comp.spoken)

`who` | supplies an identifier for the speaker or group of speakers whose shift in some feature is being noted. Its value is the identifier of a `<participant>` or `<participant.grp>` element in the TEI header.
| Datatype: IDREF
| Values: Must identify a participant or participant group within the TEI Header
| Default: #IMPLIED

`feature` | (feature) a paralinguistic feature.
| Datatype: (tempo | loud | pitch | tension | rhythm | voice)

Legal values are:

tempo | speed of utterance.
loud | loudness.
pitch | pitch range.
tension | tension or stress pattern.
rhythm | rhythmic qualities.
voice | voice quality.

| Default: #REQUIRED
`new` | (new state) specifies the new state of the paralinguistic feature specified.
| Datatype: CDATA
| Values: An open list (for an example of possible values, see 11.3.2 Synchronization and Overlap)
| Default: normal
Note | If no value is specified, it is assumed that the feature concerned ceases to be remarkable. The value ‘normal’ has the same effect.

Example

      <u who="LB"><shift feature="loud" new="f"/>Elizabeth</u>
      <u who="EB">Yes</u>
      <u who="LB"><shift feature="loud"/>Come and try this
    	<pause/><shift feature="loud" new="ff"/>come on</u>

The word ‘Elizabeth’ is spoken loudly, the words ‘Yes’ and ‘Come and try this’ with normal volume, and the words ‘come on’ very loudly.

Module Declared in file teispok2; Base tag set for Transcribed Speech: enabled by TEI.spoken
Class comp.spoken
Data Description empty
May occur within argument body castList div div0 div1 div2 div3 div4 div5 div6 div7 epigraph epilogue metDecl performance prologue set u
Declaration

    <!ELEMENT shift %om.RO; EMPTY>
    <!ATTLIST shift
          %a.global;
          who IDREF #IMPLIED
          feature (tempo | loud | pitch | tension | rhythm | voice) #REQUIRED
          new CDATA "normal">

See further 11.2.7 Formal Definition; 11.2.6 Shifts; 11.2 Elements Unique to Spoken Texts

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