m.proj2(1)		      Grass User's Manual		    m.proj2(1)



NNAAMMEE
       mm..pprroojj22	 - Calculates conversion coordinates for geographic positions.
       _(_G_R_A_S_S _M_a_p _D_e_v_e_l_o_p_m_e_n_t _P_r_o_g_r_a_m_)

SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
	mm..pprroojj22       [[iinnpprroojj==nnaammee[[,,nnaammee,,......]]]]	     [[oouuttpprroojj==nnaammee[[,,nnaammee,,......]]]]
       [[iinnppuutt==nnaammee]] [[oouuttppuutt==nnaammee]]



   PPaarraammeetteerrss::
       iinnpprroojj Comma separated input projection parameters

       oouuttpprroojj
	      Comma separated output projection parameters

       iinnppuutt  Input coordinate file

       oouuttppuutt Output coordinate file


DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
       This  program allows a user to (optionally interactively) convert coor-
       dinates from one projection to another. It allows  a  user  to  convert
       coordinates from a file, writing to a file.


       Note:   The  program  does not transform GRASS files, it is designed to
       determine coordinate values on an individual position.


       The map projections currently supported are listed  in  etc/projections
       file.

	Each  of the above projections (with the exception of State Plane) can
       be computed with the spheroids listed in etc/ellipse.table file.



IINNPPUUTT FFIILLEE FFOORRMMAATT
       When reading from a file of LATITUDE/LONGITUDE data the
	      file will contain three (2) columns of  information:  the  first
	      column  -  latitude    -	in degrees minutes seconds, the second
	      column - longitude - in degrees minutes seconds,



       For example:

	    +40 36 31.4563 -87 2 7.8193
	    40n 36 31.4563 87w 2 7.8193




       When reading from a file of PROJECTION COORDINATES data the
	      file will contain three (2) columns of  information:  the  first
	      column  -  easting - ground coordinates the second column - nor-
	      thing - ground coordinates



       For example:

	     500000.00	   4496918.64
	    -424489.11	   1908736.13





UUSSAAGGEE EEXXAAMMPPLLEE
       For example, if desired to transform points from UTM projection to  the
       Gauss-Kr"uger Grid System it can be done by running:

		m.proj2
       inproj="proj=utm,name=utm,a=6378137.0,es=0.006694380,.br
		zone=32,unfact=1.0" outproj="proj=tmerc,name=tmerc,.br
		a=6377397.155,es=0.0066743720,lat_0=0.0,lon_0=9.0,k=1.0,.br
		x_0=3500000.0" input=utm.coord output=new.gk.coord



       Projection parameters have to be provided, in above case: "proj"  (pro-
       jection	type),	"name"	(projection  name), "a" (ellipsoid: equatorial
       radius), "es" (ellipsoid: eccentricity squared), "zone" (zone  for  the
       area),  "unfact"  (conversion  factor  from meters to other units, e.g.
       feet), "lat_0" (standard parallel),  "lon_0"  (central  meridian),  "k"
       (scale  factor)	and "x_0" (false easting). Sometimes false northing is
       needed which is coded as "y_0". Internally, the underlying PROJ 4  pro-
       jection	library  performs  an inverse projection to latitude-longitude
       and then projects the coordinate list to the target projection.


       NNoottee:: NO column headings are required, just the numbers.

BBUUGGSS
       Datum transformations are not yet supported.



RReeffeerreenncceess::
       [1]Evenden, G.I.  (1990) Cartographic  projection  procedures  for  the
       UNIX environment - a user's manual.  USGS Open-File Report 90-284 (Also
       see Interim Report and 2nd Interim Report on Release 4, Evenden	1994).

SSEEEE AALLSSOO
       _m_._p_r_o_j_,	_s_._p_r_o_j_,  _v_._p_r_o_j_,  _g_._s_e_t_p_r_o_j_, _i_._r_e_c_t_i_f_y_, _i_._r_e_c_t_i_f_y_3_, _r_._s_u_p_p_o_r_t_,
       _r_._s_t_a_t_s_, _s_._s_a_m_p_l_e_, _s_._s_u_r_f_._i_d_w_, _s_._s_u_r_f_._r_s_t


AAUUTTHHOORR
       Bob Covill, code based on m.proj

       _L_a_s_t _c_h_a_n_g_e_d_: _$_D_a_t_e_: _2_0_0_2_/_0_3_/_0_1 _0_0_:_0_8_:_3_1 _$



GRASS 5.0							    m.proj2(1)
