symnum                 package:stats                 R Documentation

_S_y_m_b_o_l_i_c _N_u_m_b_e_r _C_o_d_i_n_g

_D_e_s_c_r_i_p_t_i_o_n:

     Symbolically encode a given numeric or logical vector or array.

_U_s_a_g_e:

     symnum(x, cutpoints=c(0.3, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 0.95),
            symbols=c(" ", ".", ",", "+", "*", "B"),
            legend = length(symbols) >= 3,
            na = "?", eps = 1e-5, corr = missing(cutpoints),
            show.max = if(corr) "1", show.min = NULL,
            abbr.colnames = has.colnames,
            lower.triangular = corr && is.numeric(x) && is.matrix(x),
            diag.lower.tri   = corr && !is.null(show.max))

_A_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s:

       x: numeric or logical vector or array.

cutpoints: numeric vector whose values 'cutpoints[j]' == c[j]  (_after_
          augmentation, see 'corr' below) are used for intervals.

 symbols: character vector, one shorter than (the _augmented_, see
          'corr' below) 'cutpoints'. 'symbols[j]'== s[j] are used as
          "code" for the (half open) interval (c[j], c[j+1]].

          For 'logical' argument 'x', the default is 'c(".","|")'
          (graphical 0 / 1 s).

  legend: logical indicating if a '"legend"' attribute is desired.

      na: character or logical. How 'NAs' are coded.  If 'na == FALSE',
          'NA's are coded invisibly, _including_ the '"legend"'
          attribute below, which otherwise mentions NA coding.

     eps: absolute precision to be used at left and right boundary.

    corr: logical.  If 'TRUE', 'x' contains correlations. The cutpoints
          are augmented by '0' and '1' and 'abs(x)' is coded.

show.max: if 'TRUE', or of mode 'character', the maximal cutpoint is
          coded especially.

show.min: if 'TRUE', or of mode 'character', the minimal cutpoint is
          coded especially.

abbr.colnames: logical, integer or 'NULL' indicating how column names
          should be abbreviated (if they are); if 'NULL' (or 'FALSE'
          and 'x' has no column names), the column names will all be
          empty, i.e., '""'; otherwise if 'abbr.colnames' is false,
          they are left unchanged.  If 'TRUE' or integer, existing
          column names will be abbreviated to 'abbreviate(*, minlength
          = abbr.colnames)'.

lower.triangular: logical.  If 'TRUE' and 'x' is a matrix, only the
          _lower triangular_ part of the matrix is coded as non-blank.

diag.lower.tri: logical.  If 'lower.triangular' _and_ this are 'TRUE',
          the _diagonal_ part of the matrix is shown.

_V_a_l_u_e:

     An atomic character object of class 'noquote' and the same
     dimensions as 'x'.

     If 'legend' ('TRUE' by default when there more than 2 classes), it
     has an attribute '"legend"' containing a legend of the returned
     character codes, in the form

              c[1] 's[1]' c[2] 's[2]' ... 's[n]' c_[n+1]

     where c[j]' = cutpoints[j]' and s[j]' = symbols[j]'.

_A_u_t_h_o_r(_s):

     Martin Maechler maechler@stat.math.ethz.ch

_S_e_e _A_l_s_o:

     'as.character'

_E_x_a_m_p_l_e_s:

     ii <- 0:8; names(ii) <- ii
     symnum(ii, cut= 2*(0:4), sym = c(".", "-", "+", "$"))
     symnum(ii, cut= 2*(0:4), sym = c(".", "-", "+", "$"), show.max=TRUE)

     symnum(1:12 %% 3 == 0)# use for logical

     ##-- Symbolic correlation matrices:
     symnum(cor(attitude), diag = FALSE)
     symnum(cor(attitude), abbr.= NULL)
     symnum(cor(attitude), abbr.= FALSE)
     symnum(cor(attitude), abbr.= 2)

     symnum(cor(rbind(1, rnorm(25), rnorm(25)^2)))
     symnum(cor(matrix(rexp(30, 1), 5, 18))) # <<-- PATTERN ! --
     symnum(cm1 <- cor(matrix(rnorm(90) ,  5, 18))) # < White Noise SMALL n
     symnum(cm1, diag=FALSE)
     symnum(cm2 <- cor(matrix(rnorm(900), 50, 18))) # < White Noise "BIG" n
     symnum(cm2, lower=FALSE)

     ## NA's:
     Cm <- cor(matrix(rnorm(60),  10, 6)); Cm[c(3,6), 2] <- NA
     symnum(Cm, show.max=NULL)

     ## Graphical P-values (aka "significance stars"):
     pval <- rev(sort(c(outer(1:6, 10^-(1:3)))))
     symp <- symnum(pval, corr=FALSE,
                    cutpoints = c(0,  .001,.01,.05, .1, 1),
                    symbols = c("***","**","*","."," "))
     noquote(cbind(P.val = format(pval), Signif= symp))

