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# III. Alternative PHP Cache

# 简介

The Alternative PHP Cache (APC) is a free and open opcode cache for PHP. It was conceived of to provide a free, open, and robust framework for caching and optimizing PHP intermediate code.

# 安装

本 PECL 扩展未绑定于 PHP 中。

进一步信息例如新版本，下载，源程序，维护者信息以及更新日志可以在此找到： http://pecl.php.net/package/apc.

可以从 PHP 下载页面或者 http://snaps.php.net/ 下载此 PECL 扩展的 DLL 文件。

> 注: On Windows, APC expects c:\tmp to exist, and be writable by the web server.

> 注: For more in-depth, highly technical documentation, see the developer-supplied TECHNOTES file .

# 运行时配置

这些函数的行为受 `php.ini` 的影响。

Although the default APC settings are fine for many installations, serious users should consider tuning the following parameters.

表格 1. APC configuration options

Name | Default | Changeable | Changelog
--- | --- | --- | ---
apc.enabled | 1 | PHP_INI_ALL |
apc.shm_segments | 1 | PHP_INI_SYSTEM |
apc.shm_size | 30 | PHP_INI_SYSTEM |
apc.optimization | 0 | PHP_INI_ALL |
apc.num_files_hint | 1000 | PHP_INI_SYSTEM |
apc.ttl | 0 | PHP_INI_SYSTEM |
apc.gc_ttl | 3600 | PHP_INI_SYSTEM |
apc.cache_by_default | On | PHP_INI_SYSTEM |
apc.filters | "" | PHP_INI_SYSTEM |
apc.mmap_file_mask | "" | PHP_INI_SYSTEM |
apc.slam_defense | 0 | PHP_INI_SYSTEM |
apc.file_update_protection | 2 | PHP_INI_SYSTEM |
apc.enable_cli | 0 | PHP_INI_SYSTEM | > APC 3.0.6

有关 PHP_INI_* 常量进一步的细节与定义参见附录 G。

以下是配置选项的简要解释。

apc.enabled boolean

  apc.enabled can be set to 0 to disable APC. This is primarily useful when APC is statically compiled into PHP, since there is no other way to disable it (when compiled as a DSO, the extension line in php.ini can just be commented-out).

apc.shm_segments integer

  The number of shared memory segments to allocate for the compiler cache. If APC is running out of shared memory but you have already set apc.shm_size as high as your system allows, you can try raising this value.

apc.shm_size integer

  The size of each shared memory segment in MB. By default, some systems (including most BSD variants) have very low limits on the size of a shared memory segment.

apc.optimization integer

  The optimization level. Zero disables the optimizer, and higher values use more aggressive optimizations. Expect very modest speed improvements. This is experimental.

apc.num_files_hint integer

  A "hint" about the number of distinct source files that will be included or requested on your web server. Set to zero or omit if you're not sure; this setting is mainly useful for sites that have many thousands of source files.

apc.ttl integer

  The number of seconds a cache entry is allowed to idle in a slot in case this cache entry slot is needed by another entry. Leaving this at zero means that your cache could potentially fill up with stale entries while newer entries won't be cached.

apc.gc_ttl integer

  The number of seconds that a cache entry may remain on the garbage-collection list. This value provides a failsafe in the event that a server process dies while executing a cached source file; if that source file is modified, the memory allocated for the old version will not be reclaimed until this TTL reached. Set to zero to disable this feature.

apc.cache_by_default boolean

  On by default, but can be set to off and used in conjunction with positive apc.filters so that files are only cached if matched by a positive filter.

apc.filters string

  A comma-separated list of POSIX extended regular expressions. If any pattern matches the source filename, the file will not be cached. Note that the filename used for matching is the one passed to include/require, not the absolute path. If the first character of the expression is a + then the expression will be additive in the sense that any files matched by the expression will be cached, and if the first character is a - then anything matched will not be cached. The - case is the default, so it can be left off.

apc.mmap_file_mask string

  If compiled with MMAP support by using --enable-mmap this is the mktemp-style file_mask to pass to the mmap module for determing whether your mmap'ed memory region is going to be file-backed or shared memory backed. For straight file-backed mmap, set it to something like /tmp/apc.XXXXXX (exactly 6 Xs). To use POSIX-style shm_open/mmap put a .shm somewhere in your mask. e.g. /apc.shm.XXXXXX You can also set it to /dev/zero to use your kernel's /dev/zero interface to anonymous mmap'ed memory. Leaving it undefined will force an anonymous mmap.

apc.slam_defense integer

  On very busy servers whenever you start the server or modify files you can create a race of many processes all trying to cache the same file at the same time. This option sets the percentage of processes that will skip trying to cache an uncached file. Or think of it as the probability of a single process to skip caching. For example, setting apc.slam_defense to 75 would mean that there is a 75% chance that the process will not cache an uncached file. So, the higher the setting the greater the defense against cache slams. Setting this to 0 disables this feature.

apc.file_update_protection integer

  When you modify a file on a live web server you really should do so in an atomic manner. That is, write to a temporary file and rename (mv) the file into its permanent position when it is ready. Many text editors, cp, tar and other such programs don't do this. This means that there is a chance that a file is accessed (and cached) while it is still being written to. This apc.file_update_protection setting puts a delay on caching brand new files. The default is 2 seconds which means that if the modification timestamp (mtime) on a file shows that it is less than 2 seconds old when it is accessed, it will not be cached. The unfortunate person who accessed this half-written file will still see weirdness, but at least it won't persist. If you are certain you always atomically update your files by using something like rsync which does this correctly, you can turn this protection off by setting it to 0. If you have a system that is flooded with io causing some update procedure to take longer than 2 seconds, you may want to increase this a bit.

apc.enable-cli integer

  Mostly for testing and debugging. Setting this enables APC for the CLI version of PHP. Normally you wouldn't want to create, populate and tear down the APC cache on every CLI request, but for various test scenarios it is handy to be able to enable APC for the CLI version of APC easily.

# 资源类型

本扩展模块未定义任何资源类型。

# 预定义常量

本扩展模块未定义任何常量。

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