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## java.awt.image
Class Raster

    java.lang.Object
      java.awt.image.Raster

Direct Known Subclasses:
  WritableRaster

    public class Raster

extends Object

A class representing a rectangular array of pixels. A Raster encapsulates a DataBuffer that stores the sample values and a SampleModel that describes how to locate a given sample value in a DataBuffer.

A Raster defines values for pixels occupying a particular rectangular area of the plane, not necessarily including (0, 0). The rectangle, known as the Raster's bounding rectangle and available by means of the getBounds method, is defined by minX, minY, width, and height values. The minX and minY values define the coordinate of the upper left corner of the Raster. References to pixels outside of the bounding rectangle may result in an exception being thrown, or may result in references to unintended elements of the Raster's associated DataBuffer. It is the user's responsibility to avoid accessing such pixels.

A SampleModel describes how samples of a Raster are stored in the primitive array elements of a DataBuffer. Samples may be stored one per data element, as in a PixelInterleavedSampleModel or BandedSampleModel, or packed several to an element, as in a SinglePixelPackedSampleModel or MultiPixelPackedSampleModel. The SampleModel is also controls whether samples are sign extended, allowing unsigned data to be stored in signed Java data types such as byte, short, and int.

Although a Raster may live anywhere in the plane, a SampleModel makes use of a simple coordinate system that starts at (0, 0). A Raster therefore contains a translation factor that allows pixel locations to be mapped between the Raster's coordinate system and that of the SampleModel. The translation from the SampleModel coordinate system to that of the Raster may be obtained by the getSampleModelTranslateX and getSampleModelTranslateY methods.

A Raster may share a DataBuffer with another Raster either by explicit construction or by the use of the createChild and createTranslatedChild methods. Rasters created by these methods can return a reference to the Raster they were created from by means of the getParent method. For a Raster that was not constructed by means of a call to createTranslatedChild or createChild, getParent will return null.

The createTranslatedChild method returns a new Raster that shares all of the data of the current Raster, but occupies a bounding rectangle of the same width and height but with a different starting point. For example, if the parent Raster occupied the region (10, 10) to (100, 100), and the translated Raster was defined to start at (50, 50), then pixel (20, 20) of the parent and pixel (60, 60) of the child occupy the same location in the DataBuffer shared by the two Rasters. In the first case, (-10, -10) should be added to a pixel coordinate to obtain the corresponding SampleModel coordinate, and in the second case (-50, -50) should be added.

The translation between a parent and child Raster may be determined by subtracting the child's sampleModelTranslateX and sampleModelTranslateY values from those of the parent.

The createChild method may be used to create a new Raster occupying only a subset of its parent's bounding rectangle (with the same or a translated coordinate system) or with a subset of the bands of its parent.

All constructors are protected. The correct way to create a Raster is to use one of the static create methods defined in this class. These methods create instances of Raster that use the standard Interleaved, Banded, and Packed SampleModels and that may be processed more efficiently than a Raster created by combining an externally generated SampleModel and DataBuffer.

See Also:
  `DataBuffer`, `SampleModel`, `PixelInterleavedSampleModel`, `BandedSampleModel`, `SinglePixelPackedSampleModel`, `MultiPixelPackedSampleModel`

Field Summary
`protected DataBuffer` | `dataBuffer` The DataBuffer that stores the image data.
`protected int` | `height` The height of this Raster.
`protected int` | `minX` The X coordinate of the upper-left pixel of this Raster.
`protected int` | `minY` The Y coordinate of the upper-left pixel of this Raster.
`protected int` | `numBands` The number of bands in the Raster.
`protected int` | `numDataElements` The number of DataBuffer data elements per pixel.
`protected Raster` | `parent` The parent of this Raster, or null.
`protected SampleModel` | `sampleModel` The SampleModel that describes how pixels from this Raster are stored in the DataBuffer.
`protected int` | `sampleModelTranslateX` The X translation from the coordinate space of the Raster's SampleModel to that of the Raster.
`protected int` | `sampleModelTranslateY` The Y translation from the coordinate space of the Raster's SampleModel to that of the Raster.
`protected int` | `width` The width of this Raster.

Constructor Summary
`protected` | `Raster(SampleModel sampleModel, DataBuffer dataBuffer, Point origin)` Constructs a Raster with the given SampleModel and DataBuffer.
`protected` | `Raster(SampleModel sampleModel, DataBuffer dataBuffer, Rectangle aRegion, Point sampleModelTranslate, Raster parent)` Constructs a Raster with the given SampleModel, DataBuffer, and parent.
`protected` | `Raster(SampleModel sampleModel, Point origin)` Constructs a Raster with the given SampleModel.

Method Summary
`static WritableRaster` | `createBandedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer, int w, int h, int scanlineStride, int[] bankIndices, int[] bandOffsets, Point location)` Creates a Raster based on a BandedSampleModel with the specified DataBuffer, width, height, scanline stride, bank indices, and band offsets.
`static WritableRaster` | `createBandedRaster(int dataType, int w, int h, int scanlineStride, int[] bankIndices, int[] bandOffsets, Point location)` Creates a Raster based on a BandedSampleModel with the specified data type, width, height, scanline stride, bank indices and band offsets.
`static WritableRaster` | `createBandedRaster(int dataType, int w, int h, int bands, Point location)` Creates a Raster based on a BandedSampleModel with the specified data type, width, height, and number of bands.
`Raster` | `createChild(int parentX, int parentY, int width, int height, int childMinX, int childMinY, int[] bandList)` Returns a new Raster which shares all or part of this Raster's DataBuffer.
`WritableRaster` | `createCompatibleWritableRaster()` Create a compatible WritableRaster the same size as this Raster with the same SampleModel and a new initialized DataBuffer.
`WritableRaster` | `createCompatibleWritableRaster(int w, int h)` Create a compatible WritableRaster with the specified size, a new SampleModel, and a new initialized DataBuffer.
`WritableRaster` | `createCompatibleWritableRaster(int x, int y, int w, int h)` Create a compatible WritableRaster with the specified location (minX, minY) and size (width, height), a new SampleModel, and a new initialized DataBuffer.
`WritableRaster` | `createCompatibleWritableRaster(Rectangle rect)` Create a compatible WritableRaster with location (minX, minY) and size (width, height) specified by rect, a new SampleModel, and a new initialized DataBuffer.
`static WritableRaster` | `createInterleavedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer, int w, int h, int scanlineStride, int pixelStride, int[] bandOffsets, Point location)` Creates a Raster based on a PixelInterleavedSampleModel with the specified DataBuffer, width, height, scanline stride, pixel stride, and band offsets.
`static WritableRaster` | `createInterleavedRaster(int dataType, int w, int h, int scanlineStride, int pixelStride, int[] bandOffsets, Point location)` Creates a Raster based on a PixelInterleavedSampleModel with the specified data type, width, height, scanline stride, pixel stride, and band offsets.
`static WritableRaster` | `createInterleavedRaster(int dataType, int w, int h, int bands, Point location)` Creates a Raster based on a PixelInterleavedSampleModel with the specified data type, width, height, and number of bands.
`static WritableRaster` | `createPackedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer, int w, int h, int scanlineStride, int[] bandMasks, Point location)` Creates a Raster based on a SinglePixelPackedSampleModel with the specified DataBuffer, width, height, scanline stride, and band masks.
`static WritableRaster` | `createPackedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer, int w, int h, int bitsPerPixel, Point location)` Creates a Raster based on a MultiPixelPackedSampleModel with the specified DataBuffer, width, height, and bits per pixel.
`static WritableRaster` | `createPackedRaster(int dataType, int w, int h, int[] bandMasks, Point location)` Creates a Raster based on a SinglePixelPackedSampleModel with the specified data type, width, height, and band masks.
`static WritableRaster` | `createPackedRaster(int dataType, int w, int h, int bands, int bitsPerBand, Point location)` Creates a Raster based on a packed SampleModel with the specified data type, width, height, number of bands, and bits per band.
`static Raster` | `createRaster(SampleModel sm, DataBuffer db, Point location)` Creates a Raster with the specified SampleModel and DataBuffer.
`Raster` | `createTranslatedChild(int childMinX, int childMinY)` Create a Raster with the same size, SampleModel and DataBuffer as this one, but with a different location.
`static WritableRaster` | `createWritableRaster(SampleModel sm, DataBuffer db, Point location)` Creates a WritableRaster with the specified SampleModel and DataBuffer.
`static WritableRaster` | `createWritableRaster(SampleModel sm, Point location)` Creates a WritableRaster with the specified SampleModel.
`Rectangle` | `getBounds()` Returns the bounding Rectangle of this Raster.
`DataBuffer` | `getDataBuffer()` Returns the DataBuffer associated with this Raster.
`Object` | `getDataElements(int x, int y, int w, int h, Object outData)` Returns the pixel data for the specified rectangle of pixels in a primitive array of type TransferType.
`Object` | `getDataElements(int x, int y, Object outData)` Returns data for a single pixel in a primitive array of type TransferType.
`int` | `getHeight()` Returns the height in pixels of the Raster.
`int` | `getMinX()` Returns the minimum valid X coordinate of the Raster.
`int` | `getMinY()` Returns the minimum valid Y coordinate of the Raster.
`int` | `getNumBands()` Returns the number of bands (samples per pixel) in this Raster.
`int` | `getNumDataElements()` Returns the number of data elements needed to transfer one pixel via the getDataElements and setDataElements methods.
`Raster` | `getParent()` Returns the parent Raster (if any) of this Raster or null.
`double[]` | `getPixel(int x, int y, double[] dArray)` Returns the samples in an array of double for the specified pixel.
`float[]` | `getPixel(int x, int y, float[] fArray)` Returns the samples in an array of float for the specified pixel.
`int[]` | `getPixel(int x, int y, int[] iArray)` Returns the samples in an array of int for the specified pixel.
`double[]` | `getPixels(int x, int y, int w, int h, double[] dArray)` Returns a double array containing all samples for a rectangle of pixels, one sample per array element.
`float[]` | `getPixels(int x, int y, int w, int h, float[] fArray)` Returns a float array containing all samples for a rectangle of pixels, one sample per array element.
`int[]` | `getPixels(int x, int y, int w, int h, int[] iArray)` Returns an int array containing all samples for a rectangle of pixels, one sample per array element.
`int` | `getSample(int x, int y, int b)` Returns the sample in a specified band for the pixel located at (x,y) as an int.
`double` | `getSampleDouble(int x, int y, int b)` Returns the sample in a specified band for a pixel located at (x,y) as a double.
`float` | `getSampleFloat(int x, int y, int b)` Returns the sample in a specified band for the pixel located at (x,y) as a float.
`SampleModel` | `getSampleModel()` Returns the SampleModel that describes the layout of the image data.
`int` | `getSampleModelTranslateX()` Returns the X translation from the coordinate system of the SampleModel to that of the Raster.
`int` | `getSampleModelTranslateY()` Returns the Y translation from the coordinate system of the SampleModel to that of the Raster.
`double[]` | `getSamples(int x, int y, int w, int h, int b, double[] dArray)` Returns the samples for a specified band for a specified rectangle of pixels in a double array, one sample per array element.
`float[]` | `getSamples(int x, int y, int w, int h, int b, float[] fArray)` Returns the samples for a specified band for the specified rectangle of pixels in a float array, one sample per array element.
`int[]` | `getSamples(int x, int y, int w, int h, int b, int[] iArray)` Returns the samples for a specified band for the specified rectangle of pixels in an int array, one sample per array element.
`int` | `getTransferType()` Returns the TransferType used to transfer pixels via the getDataElements and setDataElements methods.
`int` | `getWidth()` Returns the width in pixels of the Raster.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
`clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

Field Detail

### sampleModel

    protected SampleModel sampleModel

  The SampleModel that describes how pixels from this Raster are stored in the DataBuffer.

### dataBuffer

    protected DataBuffer dataBuffer

  The DataBuffer that stores the image data.

### minX

    protected int minX

  The X coordinate of the upper-left pixel of this Raster.

### minY

    protected int minY

  The Y coordinate of the upper-left pixel of this Raster.

### width

    protected int width

  The width of this Raster.

### height

    protected int height

  The height of this Raster.

### sampleModelTranslateX

    protected int sampleModelTranslateX

  The X translation from the coordinate space of the Raster's SampleModel to that of the Raster.

### sampleModelTranslateY

    protected int sampleModelTranslateY

  The Y translation from the coordinate space of the Raster's SampleModel to that of the Raster.

### numBands

    protected int numBands

  The number of bands in the Raster.

### numDataElements

    protected int numDataElements

  The number of DataBuffer data elements per pixel.

### parent

    protected Raster parent

  The parent of this Raster, or null.

Constructor Detail

### Raster

    protected Raster(SampleModel sampleModel,
                     Point origin)

  Constructs a Raster with the given SampleModel. The Raster's upper left corner is origin and it is the same size as the SampleModel. A DataBuffer large enough to describe the Raster is automatically created.

  Parameters:
    `sampleModel` - The SampleModel that specifies the layout
    `origin` - The Point that specified the origin
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if computing either `origin.x + sampleModel.getWidth()` or `origin.y + sampleModel.getHeight()` results in integer overflow
    `NullPointerException` - either `sampleModel` or `origin` is null

### Raster

    protected Raster(SampleModel sampleModel,
                     DataBuffer dataBuffer,
                     Point origin)

  Constructs a Raster with the given SampleModel and DataBuffer. The Raster's upper left corner is origin and it is the same size as the SampleModel. The DataBuffer is not initialized and must be compatible with SampleModel.

  Parameters:
    `sampleModel` - The SampleModel that specifies the layout
    `dataBuffer` - The DataBuffer that contains the image data
    `origin` - The Point that specifies the origin
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if computing either `origin.x + sampleModel.getWidth()` or `origin.y + sampleModel.getHeight()` results in integer overflow
    `NullPointerException` - either `sampleModel` or `origin` is null

### Raster

    protected Raster(SampleModel sampleModel,
                     DataBuffer dataBuffer,
                     Rectangle aRegion,
                     Point sampleModelTranslate,
                     Raster parent)

  Constructs a Raster with the given SampleModel, DataBuffer, and parent. aRegion specifies the bounding rectangle of the new Raster. When translated into the base Raster's coordinate system, aRegion must be contained by the base Raster. (The base Raster is the Raster's ancestor which has no parent.) sampleModelTranslate specifies the sampleModelTranslateX and sampleModelTranslateY values of the new Raster. Note that this constructor should generally be called by other constructors or create methods, it should not be used directly.

  Parameters:
    `sampleModel` - The SampleModel that specifies the layout
    `dataBuffer` - The DataBuffer that contains the image data
    `aRegion` - The Rectangle that specifies the image area
    `sampleModelTranslate` - The Point that specifies the translation from SampleModel to Raster coordinates
    `parent` - The parent (if any) of this raster
  Throws:
    `NullPointerException` - if any of `sampleModel`, `dataBuffer`, `aRegion` or `sampleModelTranslate` is null
    `RasterFormatException` - if `aRegion` has width or height less than or equal to zero, or computing either `aRegion.x + aRegion.width` or `aRegion.y + aRegion.height` results in integer overflow

Method Detail

### createInterleavedRaster

    public static WritableRaster createInterleavedRaster(int dataType,
                                                         int w,
                                                         int h,
                                                         int bands,
                                                         Point location)

  Creates a Raster based on a PixelInterleavedSampleModel with the specified data type, width, height, and number of bands.

  The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument. If location is null, (0, 0) will be used. The dataType parameter should be one of the enumerated values defined in the DataBuffer class.

  Note that interleaved `DataBuffer.TYPE_INT` Rasters are not supported. To create a 1-band Raster of type `DataBuffer.TYPE_INT`, use Raster.createPackedRaster().

  The only dataTypes supported currently are TYPE_BYTE and TYPE_USHORT.

  Parameters:
    `dataType` - the data type for storing samples
    `w` - the width in pixels of the image data
    `h` - the height in pixels of the image data
    `bands` - the number of bands
    `location` - the upper-left corner of the `Raster`
  Returns:
    a WritableRaster object with the specified data type, width, height and number of bands.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if `w` or `h` is less than or equal to zero, or computing either `location.x + w` or `location.y + h` results in integer overflow

### createInterleavedRaster

    public static WritableRaster createInterleavedRaster(int dataType,
                                                         int w,
                                                         int h,
                                                         int scanlineStride,
                                                         int pixelStride,
                                                         int[] bandOffsets,
                                                         Point location)

  Creates a Raster based on a PixelInterleavedSampleModel with the specified data type, width, height, scanline stride, pixel stride, and band offsets. The number of bands is inferred from bandOffsets.length.

  The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument. If location is null, (0, 0) will be used. The dataType parameter should be one of the enumerated values defined in the DataBuffer class.

  Note that interleaved `DataBuffer.TYPE_INT` Rasters are not supported. To create a 1-band Raster of type `DataBuffer.TYPE_INT`, use Raster.createPackedRaster().

  The only dataTypes supported currently are TYPE_BYTE and TYPE_USHORT.

  Parameters:
    `dataType` - the data type for storing samples
    `w` - the width in pixels of the image data
    `h` - the height in pixels of the image data
    `scanlineStride` - the line stride of the image data
    `pixelStride` - the pixel stride of the image data
    `bandOffsets` - the offsets of all bands
    `location` - the upper-left corner of the `Raster`
  Returns:
    a WritableRaster object with the specified data type, width, height, scanline stride, pixel stride and band offsets.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if `w` or `h` is less than or equal to zero, or computing either `location.x + w` or `location.y + h` results in integer overflow
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if `dataType` is not one of the supported data types, which are `DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE`, or `DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT`.

### createBandedRaster

    public static WritableRaster createBandedRaster(int dataType,
                                                    int w,
                                                    int h,
                                                    int bands,
                                                    Point location)

  Creates a Raster based on a BandedSampleModel with the specified data type, width, height, and number of bands.

  The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument. If location is null, (0, 0) will be used. The dataType parameter should be one of the enumerated values defined in the DataBuffer class.

  The only dataTypes supported currently are TYPE_BYTE, TYPE_USHORT, and TYPE_INT.

  Parameters:
    `dataType` - the data type for storing samples
    `w` - the width in pixels of the image data
    `h` - the height in pixels of the image data
    `bands` - the number of bands
    `location` - the upper-left corner of the `Raster`
  Returns:
    a WritableRaster object with the specified data type, width, height and number of bands.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if `w` or `h` is less than or equal to zero, or computing either `location.x + w` or `location.y + h` results in integer overflow
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if `bands` is less than 1

### createBandedRaster

    public static WritableRaster createBandedRaster(int dataType,
                                                    int w,
                                                    int h,
                                                    int scanlineStride,
                                                    int[] bankIndices,
                                                    int[] bandOffsets,
                                                    Point location)

  Creates a Raster based on a BandedSampleModel with the specified data type, width, height, scanline stride, bank indices and band offsets. The number of bands is inferred from bankIndices.length and bandOffsets.length, which must be the same.

  The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument. The dataType parameter should be one of the enumerated values defined in the DataBuffer class.

  The only dataTypes supported currently are TYPE_BYTE, TYPE_USHORT, and TYPE_INT.

  Parameters:
    `dataType` - the data type for storing samples
    `w` - the width in pixels of the image data
    `h` - the height in pixels of the image data
    `scanlineStride` - the line stride of the image data
    `bankIndices` - the bank indices for each band
    `bandOffsets` - the offsets of all bands
    `location` - the upper-left corner of the `Raster`
  Returns:
    a WritableRaster object with the specified data type, width, height, scanline stride, bank indices and band offsets.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if `w` or `h` is less than or equal to zero, or computing either `location.x + w` or `location.y + h` results in integer overflow
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if `dataType` is not one of the supported data types, which are `DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE`, `DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT` or `DataBuffer.TYPE_INT`
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if `bankIndices` or `bandOffsets` is `null`

### createPackedRaster

    public static WritableRaster createPackedRaster(int dataType,
                                                    int w,
                                                    int h,
                                                    int[] bandMasks,
                                                    Point location)

  Creates a Raster based on a SinglePixelPackedSampleModel with the specified data type, width, height, and band masks. The number of bands is inferred from bandMasks.length.

  The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument. If location is null, (0, 0) will be used. The dataType parameter should be one of the enumerated values defined in the DataBuffer class.

  The only dataTypes supported currently are TYPE_BYTE, TYPE_USHORT, and TYPE_INT.

  Parameters:
    `dataType` - the data type for storing samples
    `w` - the width in pixels of the image data
    `h` - the height in pixels of the image data
    `bandMasks` - an array containing an entry for each band
    `location` - the upper-left corner of the `Raster`
  Returns:
    a WritableRaster object with the specified data type, width, height, and band masks.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if `w` or `h` is less than or equal to zero, or computing either `location.x + w` or `location.y + h` results in integer overflow
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if `dataType` is not one of the supported data types, which are `DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE`, `DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT` or `DataBuffer.TYPE_INT`

### createPackedRaster

    public static WritableRaster createPackedRaster(int dataType,
                                                    int w,
                                                    int h,
                                                    int bands,
                                                    int bitsPerBand,
                                                    Point location)

  Creates a Raster based on a packed SampleModel with the specified data type, width, height, number of bands, and bits per band. If the number of bands is one, the SampleModel will be a MultiPixelPackedSampleModel.

  If the number of bands is more than one, the SampleModel will be a SinglePixelPackedSampleModel, with each band having bitsPerBand bits. In either case, the requirements on dataType and bitsPerBand imposed by the corresponding SampleModel must be met.

  The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument. If location is null, (0, 0) will be used. The dataType parameter should be one of the enumerated values defined in the DataBuffer class.

  The only dataTypes supported currently are TYPE_BYTE, TYPE_USHORT, and TYPE_INT.

  Parameters:
    `dataType` - the data type for storing samples
    `w` - the width in pixels of the image data
    `h` - the height in pixels of the image data
    `bands` - the number of bands
    `bitsPerBand` - the number of bits per band
    `location` - the upper-left corner of the `Raster`
  Returns:
    a WritableRaster object with the specified data type, width, height, number of bands, and bits per band.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if `w` or `h` is less than or equal to zero, or computing either `location.x + w` or `location.y + h` results in integer overflow
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if the product of `bitsPerBand` and `bands` is greater than the number of bits held by `dataType`
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if `bitsPerBand` or `bands` is not greater than zero
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if `dataType` is not one of the supported data types, which are `DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE`, `DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT` or `DataBuffer.TYPE_INT`

### createInterleavedRaster

    public static WritableRaster createInterleavedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer,
                                                         int w,
                                                         int h,
                                                         int scanlineStride,
                                                         int pixelStride,
                                                         int[] bandOffsets,
                                                         Point location)

  Creates a Raster based on a PixelInterleavedSampleModel with the specified DataBuffer, width, height, scanline stride, pixel stride, and band offsets. The number of bands is inferred from bandOffsets.length. The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument. If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.

  Note that interleaved `DataBuffer.TYPE_INT` Rasters are not supported. To create a 1-band Raster of type `DataBuffer.TYPE_INT`, use Raster.createPackedRaster().

  Parameters:
    `dataBuffer` - the `DataBuffer` that contains the image data
    `w` - the width in pixels of the image data
    `h` - the height in pixels of the image data
    `scanlineStride` - the line stride of the image data
    `pixelStride` - the pixel stride of the image data
    `bandOffsets` - the offsets of all bands
    `location` - the upper-left corner of the `Raster`
  Returns:
    a WritableRaster object with the specified `DataBuffer`, width, height, scanline stride, pixel stride and band offsets.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if `w` or `h` is less than or equal to zero, or computing either `location.x + w` or `location.y + h` results in integer overflow
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if `dataType` is not one of the supported data types, which are `DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE`, `DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT`
    `RasterFormatException` - if `dataBuffer` has more than one bank.
    `NullPointerException` - if `dataBuffer` is null

### createBandedRaster

    public static WritableRaster createBandedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer,
                                                    int w,
                                                    int h,
                                                    int scanlineStride,
                                                    int[] bankIndices,
                                                    int[] bandOffsets,
                                                    Point location)

  Creates a Raster based on a BandedSampleModel with the specified DataBuffer, width, height, scanline stride, bank indices, and band offsets. The number of bands is inferred from bankIndices.length and bandOffsets.length, which must be the same. The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument. If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.

  Parameters:
    `dataBuffer` - the `DataBuffer` that contains the image data
    `w` - the width in pixels of the image data
    `h` - the height in pixels of the image data
    `scanlineStride` - the line stride of the image data
    `bankIndices` - the bank indices for each band
    `bandOffsets` - the offsets of all bands
    `location` - the upper-left corner of the `Raster`
  Returns:
    a WritableRaster object with the specified `DataBuffer`, width, height, scanline stride, bank indices and band offsets.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if `w` or `h` is less than or equal to zero, or computing either `location.x + w` or `location.y + h` results in integer overflow
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if `dataType` is not one of the supported data types, which are `DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE`, `DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT` or `DataBuffer.TYPE_INT`
    `NullPointerException` - if `dataBuffer` is null

### createPackedRaster

    public static WritableRaster createPackedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer,
                                                    int w,
                                                    int h,
                                                    int scanlineStride,
                                                    int[] bandMasks,
                                                    Point location)

  Creates a Raster based on a SinglePixelPackedSampleModel with the specified DataBuffer, width, height, scanline stride, and band masks. The number of bands is inferred from bandMasks.length. The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument. If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.

  Parameters:
    `dataBuffer` - the `DataBuffer` that contains the image data
    `w` - the width in pixels of the image data
    `h` - the height in pixels of the image data
    `scanlineStride` - the line stride of the image data
    `bandMasks` - an array containing an entry for each band
    `location` - the upper-left corner of the `Raster`
  Returns:
    a WritableRaster object with the specified `DataBuffer`, width, height, scanline stride, and band masks.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if `w` or `h` is less than or equal to zero, or computing either `location.x + w` or `location.y + h` results in integer overflow
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if `dataType` is not one of the supported data types, which are `DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE`, `DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT` or `DataBuffer.TYPE_INT`
    `RasterFormatException` - if `dataBuffer` has more than one bank.
    `NullPointerException` - if `dataBuffer` is null

### createPackedRaster

    public static WritableRaster createPackedRaster(DataBuffer dataBuffer,
                                                    int w,
                                                    int h,
                                                    int bitsPerPixel,
                                                    Point location)

  Creates a Raster based on a MultiPixelPackedSampleModel with the specified DataBuffer, width, height, and bits per pixel. The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument. If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.

  Parameters:
    `dataBuffer` - the `DataBuffer` that contains the image data
    `w` - the width in pixels of the image data
    `h` - the height in pixels of the image data
    `bitsPerPixel` - the number of bits for each pixel
    `location` - the upper-left corner of the `Raster`
  Returns:
    a WritableRaster object with the specified `DataBuffer`, width, height, and bits per pixel.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if `w` or `h` is less than or equal to zero, or computing either `location.x + w` or `location.y + h` results in integer overflow
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if `dataType` is not one of the supported data types, which are `DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE`, `DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT` or `DataBuffer.TYPE_INT`
    `RasterFormatException` - if `dataBuffer` has more than one bank.
    `NullPointerException` - if `dataBuffer` is null

### createRaster

    public static Raster createRaster(SampleModel sm,
                                      DataBuffer db,
                                      Point location)

  Creates a Raster with the specified SampleModel and DataBuffer. The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument. If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.

  Parameters:
    `sm` - the specified `SampleModel`
    `db` - the specified `DataBuffer`
    `location` - the upper-left corner of the `Raster`
  Returns:
    a `Raster` with the specified `SampleModel`, `DataBuffer`, and location.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if computing either `location.x + sm.getWidth()` or `location.y + sm.getHeight()` results in integer overflow
    `RasterFormatException` - if `dataBuffer` has more than one bank and the `sampleModel` is PixelInterleavedSampleModel, SinglePixelPackedSampleModel, or MultiPixelPackedSampleModel.
    `NullPointerException` - if either SampleModel or DataBuffer is null

### createWritableRaster

    public static WritableRaster createWritableRaster(SampleModel sm,
                                                      Point location)

  Creates a WritableRaster with the specified SampleModel. The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument. If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.

  Parameters:
    `sm` - the specified `SampleModel`
    `location` - the upper-left corner of the `WritableRaster`
  Returns:
    a `WritableRaster` with the specified `SampleModel` and location.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if computing either `location.x + sm.getWidth()` or `location.y + sm.getHeight()` results in integer overflow

### createWritableRaster

    public static WritableRaster createWritableRaster(SampleModel sm,
                                                      DataBuffer db,
                                                      Point location)

  Creates a WritableRaster with the specified SampleModel and DataBuffer. The upper left corner of the Raster is given by the location argument. If location is null, (0, 0) will be used.

  Parameters:
    `sm` - the specified `SampleModel`
    `db` - the specified `DataBuffer`
    `location` - the upper-left corner of the `WritableRaster`
  Returns:
    a `WritableRaster` with the specified `SampleModel`, `DataBuffer`, and location.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if computing either `location.x + sm.getWidth()` or `location.y + sm.getHeight()` results in integer overflow
    `RasterFormatException` - if `dataBuffer` has more than one bank and the `sampleModel` is PixelInterleavedSampleModel, SinglePixelPackedSampleModel, or MultiPixelPackedSampleModel.
    `NullPointerException` - if either SampleModel or DataBuffer is null

### getParent

    public Raster getParent()

  Returns the parent Raster (if any) of this Raster or null.

  Returns:
    the parent Raster or `null`.

### getSampleModelTranslateX

    public final int getSampleModelTranslateX()

  Returns the X translation from the coordinate system of the SampleModel to that of the Raster. To convert a pixel's X coordinate from the Raster coordinate system to the SampleModel coordinate system, this value must be subtracted.

  Returns:
    the X translation from the coordinate space of the Raster's SampleModel to that of the Raster.

### getSampleModelTranslateY

    public final int getSampleModelTranslateY()

  Returns the Y translation from the coordinate system of the SampleModel to that of the Raster. To convert a pixel's Y coordinate from the Raster coordinate system to the SampleModel coordinate system, this value must be subtracted.

  Returns:
    the Y translation from the coordinate space of the Raster's SampleModel to that of the Raster.

### createCompatibleWritableRaster

    public WritableRaster createCompatibleWritableRaster()

  Create a compatible WritableRaster the same size as this Raster with the same SampleModel and a new initialized DataBuffer.

  Returns:
    a compatible `WritableRaster` with the same sample model and a new data buffer.

### createCompatibleWritableRaster

    public WritableRaster createCompatibleWritableRaster(int w,
                                                         int h)

  Create a compatible WritableRaster with the specified size, a new SampleModel, and a new initialized DataBuffer.

  Parameters:
    `w` - the specified width of the new `WritableRaster`
    `h` - the specified height of the new `WritableRaster`
  Returns:
    a compatible `WritableRaster` with the specified size and a new sample model and data buffer.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if the width or height is less than or equal to zero.

### createCompatibleWritableRaster

    public WritableRaster createCompatibleWritableRaster(Rectangle rect)

  Create a compatible WritableRaster with location (minX, minY) and size (width, height) specified by rect, a new SampleModel, and a new initialized DataBuffer.

  Parameters:
    `rect` - a `Rectangle` that specifies the size and location of the `WritableRaster`
  Returns:
    a compatible `WritableRaster` with the specified size and location and a new sample model and data buffer.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if `rect` has width or height less than or equal to zero, or computing either `rect.x + rect.width` or `rect.y + rect.height` results in integer overflow
    `NullPointerException` - if `rect`is null``

### createCompatibleWritableRaster

    public WritableRaster createCompatibleWritableRaster(int x,
                                                         int y,
                                                         int w,
                                                         int h)

  Create a compatible WritableRaster with the specified location (minX, minY) and size (width, height), a new SampleModel, and a new initialized DataBuffer.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the upper-left corner of the `WritableRaster`
    `w` - the specified width of the `WritableRaster`
    `h` - the specified height of the `WritableRaster`
  Returns:
    a compatible `WritableRaster` with the specified size and location and a new sample model and data buffer.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if `w` or `h` is less than or equal to zero, or computing either `x + w` or `y + h` results in integer overflow

### createTranslatedChild

    public Raster createTranslatedChild(int childMinX,
                                        int childMinY)

  Create a Raster with the same size, SampleModel and DataBuffer as this one, but with a different location. The new Raster will possess a reference to the current Raster, accessible through its getParent() method.

  Parameters:
    `childMinX, childMinY` - coordinates of the upper-left corner of the new `Raster`
  Returns:
    a new `Raster` with the same size, SampleModel, and DataBuffer as this `Raster`, but with the specified location.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if computing either `childMinX + this.getWidth()` or `childMinY + this.getHeight()` results in integer overflow

### createChild

    public Raster createChild(int parentX,
                              int parentY,
                              int width,
                              int height,
                              int childMinX,
                              int childMinY,
                              int[] bandList)

  Returns a new Raster which shares all or part of this Raster's DataBuffer. The new Raster will possess a reference to the current Raster, accessible through its getParent() method.

  The parentX, parentY, width and height parameters form a Rectangle in this Raster's coordinate space, indicating the area of pixels to be shared. An error will be thrown if this Rectangle is not contained with the bounds of the current Raster.

  The new Raster may additionally be translated to a different coordinate system for the plane than that used by the current Raster. The childMinX and childMinY parameters give the new (x, y) coordinate of the upper-left pixel of the returned Raster; the coordinate (childMinX, childMinY) in the new Raster will map to the same pixel as the coordinate (parentX, parentY) in the current Raster.

  The new Raster may be defined to contain only a subset of the bands of the current Raster, possibly reordered, by means of the bandList parameter. If bandList is null, it is taken to include all of the bands of the current Raster in their current order.

  To create a new Raster that contains a subregion of the current Raster, but shares its coordinate system and bands, this method should be called with childMinX equal to parentX, childMinY equal to parentY, and bandList equal to null.

  Parameters:
    `parentX, parentY` - coordinates of the upper-left corner in this Raster's coordinates
    `width` - Width of the region starting at (parentX, parentY)
    `height` - Height of the region starting at (parentX, parentY).
    `childMinX, childMinY` - coordinates of the upper-left corner of the returned Raster
    `bandList` - Array of band indices, or null to use all bands
  Returns:
    a new `Raster`.
  Throws:
    `RasterFormatException` - if the specified subregion is outside of the raster bounds.
    `RasterFormatException` - if `width` or `height` is less than or equal to zero, or computing any of `parentX + width`, `parentY + height`, `childMinX + width`, or `childMinY + height` results in integer overflow

### getBounds

    public Rectangle getBounds()

  Returns the bounding Rectangle of this Raster. This function returns the same information as getMinX/MinY/Width/Height.

  Returns:
    the bounding box of this `Raster`.

### getMinX

    public final int getMinX()

  Returns the minimum valid X coordinate of the Raster.

  Returns:
    the minimum x coordinate of this `Raster`.

### getMinY

    public final int getMinY()

  Returns the minimum valid Y coordinate of the Raster.

  Returns:
    the minimum y coordinate of this `Raster`.

### getWidth

    public final int getWidth()

  Returns the width in pixels of the Raster.

  Returns:
    the width of this `Raster`.

### getHeight

    public final int getHeight()

  Returns the height in pixels of the Raster.

  Returns:
    the height of this `Raster`.

### getNumBands

    public final int getNumBands()

  Returns the number of bands (samples per pixel) in this Raster.

  Returns:
    the number of bands of this `Raster`.

### getNumDataElements

    public final int getNumDataElements()

  Returns the number of data elements needed to transfer one pixel via the getDataElements and setDataElements methods. When pixels are transferred via these methods, they may be transferred in a packed or unpacked format, depending on the implementation of the underlying SampleModel. Using these methods, pixels are transferred as an array of getNumDataElements() elements of a primitive type given by getTransferType(). The TransferType may or may not be the same as the storage data type of the DataBuffer.

  Returns:
    the number of data elements.

### getTransferType

    public final int getTransferType()

  Returns the TransferType used to transfer pixels via the getDataElements and setDataElements methods. When pixels are transferred via these methods, they may be transferred in a packed or unpacked format, depending on the implementation of the underlying SampleModel. Using these methods, pixels are transferred as an array of getNumDataElements() elements of a primitive type given by getTransferType(). The TransferType may or may not be the same as the storage data type of the DataBuffer. The TransferType will be one of the types defined in DataBuffer.

  Returns:
    this transfer type.

### getDataBuffer

    public DataBuffer getDataBuffer()

  Returns the DataBuffer associated with this Raster.

  Returns:
    the `DataBuffer` of this `Raster`.

### getSampleModel

    public SampleModel getSampleModel()

  Returns the SampleModel that describes the layout of the image data.

  Returns:
    the `SampleModel` of this `Raster`.

### getDataElements

    public Object getDataElements(int x,
                                  int y,
                                  Object outData)

  Returns data for a single pixel in a primitive array of type TransferType. For image data supported by the Java 2D(tm) API, this will be one of DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE, DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT, DataBuffer.TYPE_INT, DataBuffer.TYPE_SHORT, DataBuffer.TYPE_FLOAT, or DataBuffer.TYPE_DOUBLE. Data may be returned in a packed format, thus increasing efficiency for data transfers. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed. A ClassCastException will be thrown if the input object is non null and references anything other than an array of TransferType.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the pixel location
    `outData` - An object reference to an array of type defined by getTransferType() and length getNumDataElements(). If null, an array of appropriate type and size will be allocated
  Returns:
    An object reference to an array of type defined by getTransferType() with the requested pixel data.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates are not in bounds, or if outData is too small to hold the output.
  See Also:
    `SampleModel.getDataElements(int, int, Object, DataBuffer)`

### getDataElements

    public Object getDataElements(int x,
                                  int y,
                                  int w,
                                  int h,
                                  Object outData)

  Returns the pixel data for the specified rectangle of pixels in a primitive array of type TransferType. For image data supported by the Java 2D API, this will be one of DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE, DataBuffer.TYPE_USHORT, DataBuffer.TYPE_INT, DataBuffer.TYPE_SHORT, DataBuffer.TYPE_FLOAT, or DataBuffer.TYPE_DOUBLE. Data may be returned in a packed format, thus increasing efficiency for data transfers. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed. A ClassCastException will be thrown if the input object is non null and references anything other than an array of TransferType.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the upper-left pixel location
    `w` - Width of the pixel rectangle
    `h` - Height of the pixel rectangle
    `outData` - An object reference to an array of type defined by getTransferType() and length w*h*getNumDataElements(). If null, an array of appropriate type and size will be allocated.
  Returns:
    An object reference to an array of type defined by getTransferType() with the requested pixel data.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates are not in bounds, or if outData is too small to hold the output.
  See Also:
    `SampleModel.getDataElements(int, int, int, int, Object, DataBuffer)`

### getPixel

    public int[] getPixel(int x,
                          int y,
                          int[] iArray)

  Returns the samples in an array of int for the specified pixel. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the pixel location
    `iArray` - An optionally preallocated int array
  Returns:
    the samples for the specified pixel.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates are not in bounds, or if iArray is too small to hold the output.

### getPixel

    public float[] getPixel(int x,
                            int y,
                            float[] fArray)

  Returns the samples in an array of float for the specified pixel. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the pixel location
    `fArray` - An optionally preallocated float array
  Returns:
    the samples for the specified pixel.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates are not in bounds, or if fArray is too small to hold the output.

### getPixel

    public double[] getPixel(int x,
                             int y,
                             double[] dArray)

  Returns the samples in an array of double for the specified pixel. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the pixel location
    `dArray` - An optionally preallocated double array
  Returns:
    the samples for the specified pixel.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates are not in bounds, or if dArray is too small to hold the output.

### getPixels

    public int[] getPixels(int x,
                           int y,
                           int w,
                           int h,
                           int[] iArray)

  Returns an int array containing all samples for a rectangle of pixels, one sample per array element. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the upper-left pixel location
    `w` - Width of the pixel rectangle
    `h` - Height of the pixel rectangle
    `iArray` - An optionally pre-allocated int array
  Returns:
    the samples for the specified rectangle of pixels.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates are not in bounds, or if iArray is too small to hold the output.

### getPixels

    public float[] getPixels(int x,
                             int y,
                             int w,
                             int h,
                             float[] fArray)

  Returns a float array containing all samples for a rectangle of pixels, one sample per array element. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the pixel location
    `w` - Width of the pixel rectangle
    `h` - Height of the pixel rectangle
    `fArray` - An optionally pre-allocated float array
  Returns:
    the samples for the specified rectangle of pixels.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates are not in bounds, or if fArray is too small to hold the output.

### getPixels

    public double[] getPixels(int x,
                              int y,
                              int w,
                              int h,
                              double[] dArray)

  Returns a double array containing all samples for a rectangle of pixels, one sample per array element. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the upper-left pixel location
    `w` - Width of the pixel rectangle
    `h` - Height of the pixel rectangle
    `dArray` - An optionally pre-allocated double array
  Returns:
    the samples for the specified rectangle of pixels.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates are not in bounds, or if dArray is too small to hold the output.

### getSample

    public int getSample(int x,
                         int y,
                         int b)

  Returns the sample in a specified band for the pixel located at (x,y) as an int. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the pixel location
    `b` - The band to return
  Returns:
    the sample in the specified band for the pixel at the specified coordinate.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates or the band index are not in bounds.

### getSampleFloat

    public float getSampleFloat(int x,
                                int y,
                                int b)

  Returns the sample in a specified band for the pixel located at (x,y) as a float. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the pixel location
    `b` - The band to return
  Returns:
    the sample in the specified band for the pixel at the specified coordinate.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates or the band index are not in bounds.

### getSampleDouble

    public double getSampleDouble(int x,
                                  int y,
                                  int b)

  Returns the sample in a specified band for a pixel located at (x,y) as a double. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the pixel location
    `b` - The band to return
  Returns:
    the sample in the specified band for the pixel at the specified coordinate.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates or the band index are not in bounds.

### getSamples

    public int[] getSamples(int x,
                            int y,
                            int w,
                            int h,
                            int b,
                            int[] iArray)

  Returns the samples for a specified band for the specified rectangle of pixels in an int array, one sample per array element. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the upper-left pixel location
    `w` - Width of the pixel rectangle
    `h` - Height of the pixel rectangle
    `b` - The band to return
    `iArray` - An optionally pre-allocated int array
  Returns:
    the samples for the specified band for the specified rectangle of pixels.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates or the band index are not in bounds, or if iArray is too small to hold the output.

### getSamples

    public float[] getSamples(int x,
                              int y,
                              int w,
                              int h,
                              int b,
                              float[] fArray)

  Returns the samples for a specified band for the specified rectangle of pixels in a float array, one sample per array element. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the upper-left pixel location
    `w` - Width of the pixel rectangle
    `h` - Height of the pixel rectangle
    `b` - The band to return
    `fArray` - An optionally pre-allocated float array
  Returns:
    the samples for the specified band for the specified rectangle of pixels.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates or the band index are not in bounds, or if fArray is too small to hold the output.

### getSamples

    public double[] getSamples(int x,
                               int y,
                               int w,
                               int h,
                               int b,
                               double[] dArray)

  Returns the samples for a specified band for a specified rectangle of pixels in a double array, one sample per array element. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

  Parameters:
    `x, y` - the coordinates of the upper-left pixel location
    `w` - Width of the pixel rectangle
    `h` - Height of the pixel rectangle
    `b` - The band to return
    `dArray` - An optionally pre-allocated double array
  Returns:
    the samples for the specified band for the specified rectangle of pixels.
  Throws:
    `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if the coordinates or the band index are not in bounds, or if dArray is too small to hold the output.

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