MYSQL_UPGRADE(1)

NAME
mysql_upgrade - check tables for MySQL upgrade

SYNOPSIS

mysql_upgrade [options]

DESCRIPTION

mysql_upgrade should be executed each time you upgrade MySQL. It supersedes the older mysql_fix_privilege_tables script, which should no longer be used.

mysql_upgrade checks all tables in all databases for incompatibilities with the current version of MySQL Server. If a table is found to have a possible incompatibility, it is checked. If any problems are found, the table is repaired. mysql_upgrade also upgrades the system tables so that you can take advantage of new privileges or capabilities that might have been added.

All checked and repaired tables are marked with the current MySQL version number. This ensures that next time you run mysql_upgrade with the same version of the server, it can tell whether there is any need to check or repair the table again.

mysql_upgrade also saves the MySQL version number in a file named mysql_upgrade_info in the data directory. This is used to quickly check if all tables have been checked for this release so that table-checking can be skipped. To ignore this file, use the --force option.

Caution

Some upgrade incompatibilities may require special handling before you upgrade your MySQL installation and run mysql_upgrade. See Section 2.11.1, “Upgrading MySQL”, for instructions on determining whether any such incompatibilities apply to your installation and how to handle them.

mysql_upgrade executes the following commands to check and repair tables and to upgrade the system tables. fix_priv_tables represents a script generated interally by mysql_upgrade that contains SQL statements to upgrade the tables in the mysql database:

    mysqlcheck --check-upgrade --all-databases --auto-repair
    mysql < fix_priv_tables
    mysqlcheck --all-databases --check-upgrade --fix-db-names --fix-table-names

Note

Prior to MySQL 6.0.10, mysql_upgrade does not run the third command, which is necessary to re-encode database or table names that contain non-alphanumeric characters. (They still appear after the upgrade with the #mysql50# prefix described in Section 8.2.3, “Mapping of Identifiers to File Names”.) If you have such database or table names, execute the third command manually after executing mysql_upgrade.

For details about what is checked, see the description of the FOR UPGRADE option of the CHECK TABLE statement (see Section 12.5.2.2, “CHECK TABLE Syntax”).

In MySQL 5.1.7, mysql_upgrade was added as a shell script and worked only for Unix systems. As of MySQL 5.1.10, mysql_upgrade is an executable binary and is available on all systems.

If you install MySQL from RPM packages on Linux, you must install the server and client RPMs. mysql_upgrade is included in the server RPM but requires the client RPM because the latter includes mysqlcheck. (See Section 2.4, “Installing MySQL from RPM Packages on Linux”.)

To use mysql_upgrade, make sure that the server is running, and then invoke it like this:

    shell> mysql_upgrade [options]

After running mysql_upgrade, stop the server and restart it so that any changes made to the system tables take effect.

mysql_upgrade supports the options in the following list. It also reads option files (the [mysql_upgrade] and [client] groups) and supports the options for processing them described at Section 4.2.3.2.1, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”. Other options are passed to mysqlcheck. For example, it might be necessary to specify the --password[=password] option.

•   --help

    Display a short help message and exit.

•   --basedir=path

    The path to the MySQL installation directory.

•   --datadir=path

    The path to the data directory.

•   --debug-check

    Print some debugging information when the program exits.

•   --debug-info, -T

    Print debugging information and memory and CPU usage statistics when the program exits.

•   --force

    Ignore the mysql_upgrade_info file and force execution of mysqlcheck even if mysql_upgrade has already been executed for the current version of MySQL.

•   --tmpdir=path, -t path

    The path name of the directory to use for creating temporary files. This option was added in MySQL 6.0.6.

•   --user=user_name, -u user_name

    The MySQL user name to use when connecting to the server. The default user name is root.

•   --verbose

    Verbose mode. Print more information about what the program does.

COPYRIGHT

Copyright 2007-2008 MySQL AB, 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.

This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it only under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.

This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with the program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA or see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.

SEE ALSO
For more information, please refer to the MySQL Reference Manual, which may already be installed locally and which is also available online at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/.

AUTHOR
MySQL AB (http://www.mysql.com/).