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# QMdiArea Class Reference
[QtGui module]

The QMdiArea widget provides an area in which MDI windows are displayed. More...

     #include <QMdiArea>

Inherits QAbstractScrollArea.

This class was introduced in Qt 4.3.

- List of all members, including inherited members

### Public Types

- enum AreaOption { DontMaximizeSubWindowOnActivation }
- flags AreaOptions
- enum ViewMode { SubWindowView, TabbedView }
- enum WindowOrder { CreationOrder, StackingOrder, ActivationHistoryOrder }

### Properties

- activationOrder : WindowOrder
- background : QBrush
- documentMode : bool

- tabPosition : QTabWidget::TabPosition
- tabShape : QTabWidget::TabShape
- viewMode : ViewMode

- 2 properties inherited from QAbstractScrollArea
- 6 properties inherited from QFrame
- 57 properties inherited from QWidget
- 1 property inherited from QObject

### Public Functions

- QMdiArea ( QWidget * parent = 0 )
- ~QMdiArea ()
- WindowOrder activationOrder () const
- QMdiSubWindow * activeSubWindow () const
- QMdiSubWindow * addSubWindow ( QWidget * widget, Qt::WindowFlags windowFlags = 0 )
- QBrush background () const
- QMdiSubWindow * currentSubWindow () const
- bool documentMode () const
- void removeSubWindow ( QWidget * widget )
- void setActivationOrder ( WindowOrder order )
- void setBackground ( const QBrush & background )
- void setDocumentMode ( bool enabled )
- void setOption ( AreaOption option, bool on = true )
- void setTabPosition ( QTabWidget::TabPosition position )
- void setTabShape ( QTabWidget::TabShape shape )
- void setViewMode ( ViewMode mode )
- QList<QMdiSubWindow *> subWindowList ( WindowOrder order = CreationOrder ) const
- QTabWidget::TabPosition tabPosition () const
- QTabWidget::TabShape tabShape () const
- bool testOption ( AreaOption option ) const
- ViewMode viewMode () const

- 15 public functions inherited from QAbstractScrollArea
- 13 public functions inherited from QFrame
- 207 public functions inherited from QWidget
- 29 public functions inherited from QObject
- 12 public functions inherited from QPaintDevice

### Public Slots

- void activateNextSubWindow ()
- void activatePreviousSubWindow ()
- void cascadeSubWindows ()
- void closeActiveSubWindow ()
- void closeAllSubWindows ()
- void setActiveSubWindow ( QMdiSubWindow * window )
- void tileSubWindows ()

- 19 public slots inherited from QWidget
- 1 public slot inherited from QObject

### Signals

- void subWindowActivated ( QMdiSubWindow * window )

- 1 signal inherited from QWidget
- 1 signal inherited from QObject

### Protected Slots

- void setupViewport ( QWidget * viewport )

- 1 protected slot inherited from QAbstractScrollArea
- 1 protected slot inherited from QWidget

### Additional Inherited Members

- 4 static public members inherited from QWidget
- 5 static public members inherited from QObject
- 16 protected functions inherited from QAbstractScrollArea
- 37 protected functions inherited from QWidget
- 7 protected functions inherited from QObject
- 1 protected function inherited from QPaintDevice

## Detailed Description

The QMdiArea widget provides an area in which MDI windows are displayed.

QMdiArea functions, essentially, like a window manager for MDI windows. For instance, it draws the windows it manages on itself and arranges them in a cascading or tile pattern. QMdiArea is commonly used as the center widget in a QMainWindow to create MDI applications, but can also be placed in any layout. The following code adds an area to a main window:

         QMainWindow *mainWindow = new QMainWindow;
         mainWindow->setCentralWidget(mdiArea);

Unlike the window managers for top-level windows, all window flags (Qt::WindowFlags) are supported by QMdiArea as long as the flags are supported by the current widget style. If a specific flag is not supported by the style (e.g., the WindowShadeButtonHint), you can still shade the window with showShaded().

Subwindows in QMdiArea are instances of QMdiSubWindow. They are added to an MDI area with addSubWindow(). It is common to pass a QWidget, which is set as the internal widget, to this function, but it is also possible to pass a QMdiSubWindow directly.The class inherits QWidget, and you can use the same API as with a normal top-level window when programming. QMdiSubWindow also has behavior that is specific to MDI windows. See the QMdiSubWindow class description for more details.

A subwindow becomes active when it gets the keyboard focus, or when setFocus() is called. The user activates a window by moving focus in the usual ways. The MDI area emits the subWindowActivated() signal when the active window changes, and the activeSubWindow() function returns the active subwindow.

The convenience function subWindowList() returns a list of all subwindows. This information could be used in a popup menu containing a list of windows, for example.

The subwindows are sorted by the current WindowOrder. This is used for the subWindowList() and for activateNextSubWindow() and acivatePreviousSubWindow(). Also, it is used when cascading or tiling the windows with cascadeSubWindows() and tileSubWindows().

QMdiArea provides two built-in layout strategies for subwindows: cascadeSubWindows() and tileSubWindows(). Both are slots and are easily connected to menu entries.

Note: The default scroll bar property for QMdiArea is Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff.

See also QMdiSubWindow.

## Member Type Documentation

### enum QMdiArea::AreaOption
flags QMdiArea::AreaOptions

This enum describes options that customize the behavior of the QMdiArea.

Constant | Value | Description
--- | --- | ---
`QMdiArea::DontMaximizeSubWindowOnActivation` | `0x1` | When the active subwindow is maximized, the default behavior is to maximize the next subwindow that is activated. Set this option if you do not want this behavior.

The AreaOptions type is a typedef for QFlags<AreaOption>. It stores an OR combination of AreaOption values.

### enum QMdiArea::ViewMode

This enum describes the view mode of the area; i.e. how sub-windows will be displayed.

Constant | Value | Description
--- | --- | ---
`QMdiArea::SubWindowView` | `0` | Display sub-windows with window frames (default).
`QMdiArea::TabbedView` | `1` | Display sub-windows with tabs in a tab bar.

This enum was introduced in Qt 4.4.

See also setViewMode().

### enum QMdiArea::WindowOrder

Specifies the criteria to use for ordering the list of child windows returned by subWindowList(). The functions cascadeSubWindows() and tileSubWindows() follow this order when arranging the windows.

Constant | Value | Description
--- | --- | ---
`QMdiArea::CreationOrder` | `0` | The windows are returned in the order of their creation.
`QMdiArea::StackingOrder` | `1` | The windows are returned in the order in which they are stacked, with the top-most window being last in the list.
`QMdiArea::ActivationHistoryOrder` | `2` | The windows are returned in the order in which they were activated.

See also subWindowList().

## Property Documentation

### activationOrder : WindowOrder

This property holds the ordering criteria for subwindow lists.

This property specifies the ordering criteria for the list of subwindows returned by subWindowList(). By default, it is the window creation order.

This property was introduced in Qt 4.4.

Access functions:

- WindowOrder activationOrder () const
- void setActivationOrder ( WindowOrder order )

See also subWindowList().

### background : QBrush

This property holds the background brush for the workspace.

This property sets the background brush for the workspace area itself. By default, it is a gray color, but can be any brush (e.g., colors, gradients or pixmaps).

Access functions:

- QBrush background () const
- void setBackground ( const QBrush & background )

### documentMode : bool

This property holds whether the tab bar is set to document mode in tabbed view mode.

Document mode is disabled by default.

This property was introduced in Qt 4.5.

Access functions:

- bool documentMode () const
- void setDocumentMode ( bool enabled )

See also QTabBar::documentMode and setViewMode().

### tabPosition : QTabWidget::TabPosition

This property holds the position of the tabs in tabbed view mode.

Possible values for this property are described by the QTabWidget::TabPosition enum.

This property was introduced in Qt 4.4.

Access functions:

- QTabWidget::TabPosition tabPosition () const
- void setTabPosition ( QTabWidget::TabPosition position )

See also QTabWidget::TabPosition and setViewMode().

### tabShape : QTabWidget::TabShape

This property holds the shape of the tabs in tabbed view mode.

Possible values for this property are QTabWidget::Rounded (default) or QTabWidget::Triangular.

This property was introduced in Qt 4.4.

Access functions:

- QTabWidget::TabShape tabShape () const
- void setTabShape ( QTabWidget::TabShape shape )

See also QTabWidget::TabShape and setViewMode().

### viewMode : ViewMode

This property holds the way sub-windows are displayed in the QMdiArea.

By default, the SubWindowView is used to display sub-windows.

This property was introduced in Qt 4.4.

Access functions:

- ViewMode viewMode () const
- void setViewMode ( ViewMode mode )

See also ViewMode, setTabShape(), and setTabPosition().

## Member Function Documentation

### QMdiArea::QMdiArea ( QWidget * parent = 0 )

Constructs an empty mdi area. parent is passed to QWidget's constructor.

### QMdiArea::~QMdiArea ()

Destroys the MDI area.

### void QMdiArea::activateNextSubWindow () `[slot]`

Gives the keyboard focus to the next window in the list of child windows. The windows are activated in the order in which they are created (CreationOrder).

See also activatePreviousSubWindow().

### void QMdiArea::activatePreviousSubWindow () `[slot]`

Gives the keyboard focus to the previous window in the list of child windows. The windows are activated in the order in which they are created (CreationOrder).

See also activateNextSubWindow().

### QMdiSubWindow * QMdiArea::activeSubWindow () const

Returns a pointer to the current active subwindow. If no window is currently active, 0 is returned.

Subwindows are treated as top-level windows with respect to window state, i.e., if a widget outside the MDI area is the active window, no subwindow will be active. Note that if a widget in the window in which the MDI area lives gains focus, the window will be activated.

See also setActiveSubWindow() and Qt::WindowState.

### QMdiSubWindow * QMdiArea::addSubWindow ( QWidget * widget, Qt::WindowFlags windowFlags = 0 )

Adds widget as a new subwindow to the MDI area. If windowFlags are non-zero, they will override the flags set on the widget.

The widget can be either a QMdiSubWindow or another QWidget (in which case the MDI area will create a subwindow and set the widget as the internal widget).

Note: Once the subwindow has been added, its parent will be the viewport widget of the QMdiArea.

         QMdiArea mdiArea;
         QMdiSubWindow *subWindow1 = new QMdiSubWindow;
         subWindow1->setWidget(internalWidget1);
         subWindow1->setAttribute(Qt::WA_DeleteOnClose);
         mdiArea.addSubWindow(subWindow1);

         QMdiSubWindow *subWindow2 =
             mdiArea.addSubWindow(internalWidget2);

When you create your own subwindow, you must set the Qt::WA_DeleteOnClose widget attribute if you want the window to be deleted when closed in the MDI area. If not, the window will be hidden and the MDI area will not activate the next subwindow.

Returns the QMdiSubWindow that is added to the MDI area.

See also removeSubWindow().

### void QMdiArea::cascadeSubWindows () `[slot]`

Arranges all the child windows in a cascade pattern.

See also tileSubWindows().

### void QMdiArea::closeActiveSubWindow () `[slot]`

Closes the active subwindow.

See also closeAllSubWindows().

### void QMdiArea::closeAllSubWindows () `[slot]`

Closes all subwindows by sending a QCloseEvent to each window. You may receive subWindowActivated() signals from subwindows before they are closed (if the MDI area activates the subwindow when another is closing).

Subwindows that ignore the close event will remain open.

See also closeActiveSubWindow().

### QMdiSubWindow * QMdiArea::currentSubWindow () const

Returns a pointer to the current subwindow, or 0 if there is no current subwindow.

This function will return the same as activeSubWindow() if the QApplication containing QMdiArea is active.

See also activeSubWindow() and QApplication::activeWindow().

### void QMdiArea::removeSubWindow ( QWidget * widget )

Removes widget from the MDI area. The widget must be either a QMdiSubWindow or a widget that is the internal widget of a subwindow. Note that the subwindow is not deleted by QMdiArea and that its parent is set to 0.

See also addSubWindow().

### void QMdiArea::setActiveSubWindow ( QMdiSubWindow * window ) `[slot]`

Activates the subwindow window. If window is 0, any current active window is deactivated.

See also activeSubWindow().

### void QMdiArea::setOption ( AreaOption option, bool on = true )

If on is true, option is enabled on the MDI area; otherwise it is disabled. See AreaOption for the effect of each option.

See also AreaOption and testOption().

### void QMdiArea::setupViewport ( QWidget * viewport ) `[protected slot]`

This slot is called by QAbstractScrollArea after setViewport() has been called. Reimplement this function in a subclass of QMdiArea to initialize the new viewport before it is used.

See also setViewport().

### void QMdiArea::subWindowActivated ( QMdiSubWindow * window ) `[signal]`

QMdiArea emits this signal after window has been activated. When window is 0, QMdiArea has just deactivated its last active window, and there are no active windows on the workspace.

See also QMdiArea::activeSubWindow().

### QList<QMdiSubWindow *> QMdiArea::subWindowList ( WindowOrder order = CreationOrder ) const

Returns a list of all subwindows in the MDI area. If order is CreationOrder (the default), the windows are sorted in the order in which they were inserted into the workspace. If order is StackingOrder, the windows are listed in their stacking order, with the topmost window as the last item in the list. If order is ActivationHistoryOrder, the windows are listed according to their recent activation history.

See also WindowOrder.

### bool QMdiArea::testOption ( AreaOption option ) const

Returns true if option is enabled; otherwise returns false.

See also AreaOption and setOption().

### void QMdiArea::tileSubWindows () `[slot]`

Arranges all child windows in a tile pattern.

See also cascadeSubWindows().