plot.ts {stats} | R Documentation

## Plotting Time-Series Objects

### Description

Plotting method for objects inheriting from class `"ts"`.

### Usage

    ## S3 method for class 'ts':
    plot(x, y = NULL, plot.type = c("multiple", "single"),
            xy.labels, xy.lines, panel = lines, nc, yax.flip = FALSE,
            mar.multi = c(0, 5.1, 0, if(yax.flip) 5.1 else 2.1),
            oma.multi = c(6, 0, 5, 0), axes = TRUE, ...)

    ## S3 method for class 'ts':
    lines(x, ...)

### Arguments

`x, y` | time series objects, usually inheriting from class `"ts"`.
`plot.type` | for multivariate time series, should the series by plotted separately (with a common time axis) or on a single plot?
`xy.labels` | logical, indicating if `text()` labels should be used for an x-y plot, or character, supplying a vector of labels to be used. The default is to label for up to 150 points, and not for more.
`xy.lines` | logical, indicating if `lines` should be drawn for an x-y plot. Defaults to the value of `xy.labels` if that is logical, otherwise to `TRUE`.
`panel` | a `function(x, col, bg, pch, type, ...)` which gives the action to be carried out in each panel of the display for `plot.type="multiple"`. The default is `lines`.
`nc` | the number of columns to use when `type="multiple"`. Defaults to 1 for up to 4 series, otherwise to 2.
`yax.flip` | logical indicating if the y-axis (ticks and numbering) should flip from side 2 (left) to 4 (right) from series to series when `type="multiple"`.
`mar.multi, oma.multi` | the (default) `par` settings for `plot.type="multiple"`. Modify with care!
`axes` | logical indicating if x- and y- axes should be drawn.
`...` | additional graphical arguments, see `plot`, `plot.default` and `par`.

### Details

If `y` is missing, this function creates a time series plot, for multivariate series of one of two kinds depending on `plot.type`.

If `y` is present, both `x` and `y` must be univariate, and a “scatter” plot `y ~ x` will be drawn, enhanced by using `text` if `xy.labels` is `TRUE` or `character`, and `lines` if `xy.lines` is `TRUE`.

### See Also

`ts` for basic time series construction and access functionality.

### Examples

    ## Multivariate
    z <- ts(matrix(rt(200 * 8, df = 3), 200, 8), start=c(1961, 1), frequency=12)
    plot(z, yax.flip = TRUE)
    plot(z, axes= FALSE, ann= FALSE, frame.plot= TRUE,
          mar.mult= c(0,0,0,0), oma.mult= c(1,1,5,1))
    title("plot(ts(..), axes=FALSE, ann=FALSE, frame.plot=TRUE, mar..., oma...)")

    z <- window(z[,1:3], end = c(1969,12))
    plot(z, type = "b")    # multiple
    plot(z, plot.type="single", lty=1:3, col=4:2)

    ## A phase plot:
    data(nhtemp)
    plot(nhtemp, c(nhtemp[-1], NA), cex = .8, col="blue",
         main = "Lag plot of New Haven temperatures")
    ## a clearer way to do this would be
    ## Not run:
    plot(nhtemp, lag(nhtemp, 1), cex = .8, col="blue",
         main = "Lag plot of New Haven temperatures")
    ## End(Not run)

    data(sunspots)
    ## xy.lines and xy.labels are FALSE for large series:
    plot(lag(sunspots, 1), sunspots, pch = ".")

    data(EuStockMarkets)
    SMI <- EuStockMarkets[, "SMI"]
    plot(lag(SMI,  1), SMI, pch = ".")
    plot(lag(SMI, 20), SMI, pch = ".", log = "xy",
         main = "4 weeks lagged SMI stocks -- log scale", xy.lines= TRUE)

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