residuals.gls {nlme} | R Documentation

## Extract gls Residuals

### Description

The residuals for the linear model represented by `object` are extracted.

### Usage

    ## S3 method for class 'gls':
    residuals(object, type, ...)

### Arguments

`object` | an object inheriting from class `gls`, representing a generalized least squares fitted linear model, or from class `gnls`, representing a generalized nonlinear least squares fitted linear model.
`type` | an optional character string specifying the type of residuals to be used. If `"response"`, the "raw" residuals (observed - fitted) are used; else, if `"pearson"`, the standardized residuals (raw residuals divided by the corresponding standard errors) are used; else, if `"normalized"`, the normalized residuals (standardized residuals pre-multiplied by the inverse square-root factor of the estimated error correlation matrix) are used. Partial matching of arguments is used, so only the first character needs to be provided. Defaults to `"pearson"`.
`...` | some methods for this generic function require additional arguments. None are used in this method.

### Value

a vector with the residuals for the linear model represented by `object`.

### Author(s)

Jose Pinheiro Jose.Pinheiro@pharma.novartis.com and Douglas Bates bates@stat.wisc.edu

### See Also

`gls`

### Examples

    data(Ovary)
    fm1 <- gls(follicles ~ sin(2*pi*Time) + cos(2*pi*Time), Ovary,
               correlation = corAR1(form = ~ 1 | Mare))
    residuals(fm1)

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