| compseq

## Function

Counts the composition of dimer/trimer/etc words in a sequence

## Description

This takes a specified length of sequence and counts the number of distinct subsequences of that length that there are in the input sequence(s).

It can read in the result of a previous compseq analysis and use this to set the expected frequencies of the subsequences.

Unless you tell 'compseq' otherwise, it expects each word to be equally likely. The 'Expected' frequency therefore of any dimer is 1/16 - this is simply the inverse of the number of possible dimers (AA, AC, AG, AT, CA, CC, CG, CT, GA, GC, GG, GT, TA, TC, TG, TT).

Similarly, the 'Expected' frequency of any trimer is 1/64, etc.

Obviously this is not the case in real sequences - there will be bias in favour of some words.

Compseq cannot otherwise guess what the 'Expected' frequency is. You can, however, tell it what the Expected frequencies are by giving compseq the output of the analysis of another set of sequences, produced by a previous compseq run.

So you take a set of sequences that are representative of the type of sequence you expect and you run compseq on it to get your expected sequence frequencies.

You then take the sequences you wish to investigate, run compseq on them giving compseq the expected frequencies that you have established, above. You tell compseq what the file of expected frequencies is by specifying it with '-infile filename' on the command-line.

## Usage

Here is a sample session with compseq

To count the frequencies of dinucleotides in a file:

    % compseq tembl:hsfau 2 result3.comp
    Counts the composition of dimer/trimer/etc words in a sequence

Go to the input files for this example
Go to the output files for this example

Example 2

To count the frequencies of hexanucleotides, without outputting the results of hexanucleotides that do not occur in the sequence:

    % compseq tembl:hsfau 6 result6.comp -nozero
    Counts the composition of dimer/trimer/etc words in a sequence

Go to the output files for this example

Example 3

To count the frequencies of trinucleotides in frame 2 of a sequence and use a previously prepared compseq output to show the expected frequencies:

    % compseq tembl:hsfau 3 result3.comp -frame 2 -in prev.comp
    Counts the composition of dimer/trimer/etc words in a sequence

Go to the input files for this example
Go to the output files for this example

## Command line arguments

       Standard (Mandatory) qualifiers:
      [-sequence]          seqall     Sequence database USA
      [-word]              integer    This is the size of word (n-mer) to count.
                                      Thus if you want to count codon frequencies,
                                      you should enter 3 here.
      [-outfile]           outfile    This is the results file.

       Additional (Optional) qualifiers (* if not always prompted):
       -infile             infile     This is a file previously produced by
                                      'compseq' that can be used to set the
                                      expected frequencies of words in this
                                      analysis.
                                      The word size in the current run must be the
                                      same as the one in this results file.
                                      Obviously, you should use a file produced
                                      from protein sequences if you are counting
                                      protein sequence word frequencies, and you
                                      must use one made from nucleotide
                                      frequencies if you are analysing a
                                      nucleotide sequence.
       -frame              integer    The normal behaviour of 'compseq' is to
                                      count the frequencies of all words that
                                      occur by moving a window of length 'word' up
                                      by one each time.
                                      This option allows you to move the window up
                                      by the length of the word each time,
                                      skipping over the intervening words.
                                      You can count only those words that occur in
                                      a single frame of the word by setting this
                                      value to a number other than zero.
                                      If you set it to 1 it will only count the
                                      words in frame 1, 2 will only count the
                                      words in frame 2 and so on.
    *  -[no]ignorebz       boolean    The amino acid code B represents Asparagine
                                      or Aspartic acid and the code Z represents
                                      Glutamine or Glutamic acid.
                                      These are not commonly used codes and you
                                      may wish not to count words containing them,
                                      just noting them in the count of 'Other'
                                      words.
    *  -reverse            boolean    Set this to be true if you also wish to also
                                      count words in the reverse complement of a
                                      nucleic sequence.
       -calcfreq           boolean    If this is set true then the expected
                                      frequencies of words are calculated from the
                                      observed frequency of single bases or
                                      residues in the sequences.
                                      If you are reporting a word size of 1
                                      (single bases or residues) then there is no
                                      point in using this option because the
                                      calculated expected frequency will be equal
                                      to the observed frequency.
                                      Calculating the expected frequencies like
                                      this will give an approximation of the
                                      expected frequencies that you might get by
                                      using an input file of frequencies produced
                                      by a previous run of this program. If an
                                      input file of expected word frequencies has
                                      been specified then the values from that
                                      file will be used instead of this
                                      calculation of expected frequency from the
                                      sequence, even if 'calcfreq' is set to be
                                      true.
       -[no]zerocount      boolean    You can make the output results file much
                                      smaller if you do not display the words with
                                      a zero count.

       Advanced (Unprompted) qualifiers: (none)
       Associated qualifiers:

       "-sequence" associated qualifiers
       -sbegin1             integer    Start of each sequence to be used
       -send1               integer    End of each sequence to be used
       -sreverse1           boolean    Reverse (if DNA)
       -sask1               boolean    Ask for begin/end/reverse
       -snucleotide1        boolean    Sequence is nucleotide
       -sprotein1           boolean    Sequence is protein
       -slower1             boolean    Make lower case
       -supper1             boolean    Make upper case
       -sformat1            string     Input sequence format
       -sdbname1            string     Database name
       -sid1                string     Entryname
       -ufo1                string     UFO features
       -fformat1            string     Features format
       -fopenfile1          string     Features file name

       "-outfile" associated qualifiers
       -odirectory3         string     Output directory

       General qualifiers:
       -auto                boolean    Turn off prompts
       -stdout              boolean    Write standard output
       -filter              boolean    Read standard input, write standard output
       -options             boolean    Prompt for standard and additional values
       -debug               boolean    Write debug output to program.dbg
       -verbose             boolean    Report some/full command line options
       -help                boolean    Report command line options. More
                                      information on associated and general
                                      qualifiers can be found with -help -verbose
       -warning             boolean    Report warnings
       -error               boolean    Report errors
       -fatal               boolean    Report fatal errors
       -die                 boolean    Report deaths

Standard (Mandatory) qualifiers | Allowed values | Default
--- | --- | ---
[-sequence] (Parameter 1) | Sequence database USA | Readable sequence(s) | Required
[-word] (Parameter 2) | This is the size of word (n-mer) to count. Thus if you want to count codon frequencies, you should enter 3 here. | Integer from 1 to 20 | 2
[-outfile] (Parameter 3) | This is the results file. | Output file | <sequence>.compseq
Additional (Optional) qualifiers | Allowed values | Default
-infile | This is a file previously produced by 'compseq' that can be used to set the expected frequencies of words in this analysis. The word size in the current run must be the same as the one in this results file. Obviously, you should use a file produced from protein sequences if you are counting protein sequence word frequencies, and you must use one made from nucleotide frequencies if you are analysing a nucleotide sequence. | Input file | Required
-frame | The normal behaviour of 'compseq' is to count the frequencies of all words that occur by moving a window of length 'word' up by one each time. This option allows you to move the window up by the length of the word each time, skipping over the intervening words. You can count only those words that occur in a single frame of the word by setting this value to a number other than zero. If you set it to 1 it will only count the words in frame 1, 2 will only count the words in frame 2 and so on. | Integer 0 or more | 0
-[no]ignorebz | The amino acid code B represents Asparagine or Aspartic acid and the code Z represents Glutamine or Glutamic acid. These are not commonly used codes and you may wish not to count words containing them, just noting them in the count of 'Other' words. | Boolean value Yes/No | Yes
-reverse | Set this to be true if you also wish to also count words in the reverse complement of a nucleic sequence. | Boolean value Yes/No | No
-calcfreq | If this is set true then the expected frequencies of words are calculated from the observed frequency of single bases or residues in the sequences. If you are reporting a word size of 1 (single bases or residues) then there is no point in using this option because the calculated expected frequency will be equal to the observed frequency. Calculating the expected frequencies like this will give an approximation of the expected frequencies that you might get by using an input file of frequencies produced by a previous run of this program. If an input file of expected word frequencies has been specified then the values from that file will be used instead of this calculation of expected frequency from the sequence, even if 'calcfreq' is set to be true. | Boolean value Yes/No | No
-[no]zerocount | You can make the output results file much smaller if you do not display the words with a zero count. | Boolean value Yes/No | Yes
Advanced (Unprompted) qualifiers | Allowed values | Default
(none)

## Input file format

Normal sequence(s) USA.

### Input files for usage example

'tembl:hsfau' is a sequence entry in the example nucleic acid database 'tembl'

### Database entry: tembl:hsfau

    ID   HSFAU      standard; RNA; HUM; 518 BP.
    XX
    AC   X65923;
    XX
    SV   X65923.1
    XX
    DT   13-MAY-1992 (Rel. 31, Created)
    DT   23-SEP-1993 (Rel. 37, Last updated, Version 10)
    XX
    DE   H.sapiens fau mRNA
    XX
    KW   fau gene.
    XX
    OS   Homo sapiens (human)
    OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
    OC   Eutheria; Primates; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
    XX
    RN   [1]
    RP   1-518
    RA   Michiels L.M.R.;
    RT   ;
    RL   Submitted (29-APR-1992) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
    RL   L.M.R. Michiels, University of Antwerp, Dept of Biochemistry,
    RL   Universiteisplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, BELGIUM
    XX
    RN   [2]
    RP   1-518
    RX   MEDLINE; 93368957.
    RA   Michiels L., Van der Rauwelaert E., Van Hasselt F., Kas K., Merregaert J.;
    RT   " fau cDNA encodes a ubiquitin-like-S30 fusion protein and is expressed as
    RT   an antisense sequences in the Finkel-Biskis-Reilly murine sarcoma virus";
    RL   Oncogene 8:2537-2546(1993).
    XX
    DR   SWISS-PROT; P35544; UBIM_HUMAN.
    DR   SWISS-PROT; Q05472; RS30_HUMAN.
    XX
    FH   Key             Location/Qualifiers
    FH
    FT   source          1..518
    FT                   /chromosome="11q"
    FT                   /db_xref="taxon:9606"
    FT                   /organism="Homo sapiens"
    FT                   /tissue_type="placenta"
    FT                   /clone_lib="cDNA"
    FT                   /clone="pUIA 631"
    FT                   /map="13"
    FT   misc_feature    57..278
    FT                   /note="ubiquitin like part"
    FT   CDS             57..458
    FT                   /db_xref="SWISS-PROT:P35544"
    FT                   /db_xref="SWISS-PROT:Q05472"
    FT                   /gene="fau"
    FT                   /protein_id="CAA46716.1"
    FT                   /translation="MQLFVRAQELHTFEVTGQETVAQIKAHVASLEGIAPEDQVVLLAG
    FT                   APLEDEATLGQCGVEALTTLEVAGRMLGGKVHGSLARAGKVRGQTPKVAKQEKKKKKTG
    FT                   RAKRRMQYNRRFVNVVPTFGKKKGPNANS"
    FT   misc_feature    98..102
    FT                   /note="nucleolar localization signal"
    FT   misc_feature    279..458
    FT                   /note="S30 part"
    FT   polyA_signal    484..489
    FT   polyA_site      509
    XX
    SQ   Sequence 518 BP; 125 A; 139 C; 148 G; 106 T; 0 other;
         ttcctctttc tcgactccat cttcgcggta gctgggaccg ccgttcagtc gccaatatgc        60
         agctctttgt ccgcgcccag gagctacaca ccttcgaggt gaccggccag gaaacggtcg       120
         cccagatcaa ggctcatgta gcctcactgg agggcattgc cccggaagat caagtcgtgc       180
         tcctggcagg cgcgcccctg gaggatgagg ccactctggg ccagtgcggg gtggaggccc       240
         tgactaccct ggaagtagca ggccgcatgc ttggaggtaa agttcatggt tccctggccc       300
         gtgctggaaa agtgagaggt cagactccta aggtggccaa acaggagaag aagaagaaga       360
         agacaggtcg ggctaagcgg cggatgcagt acaaccggcg ctttgtcaac gttgtgccca       420
         cctttggcaa gaagaagggc cccaatgcca actcttaagt cttttgtaat tctggctttc       480
         tctaataaaa aagccactta gttcagtcaa aaaaaaaa                               518
    //

### Input files for usage example 3

### File: prev.comp

    #
    # Output from 'compseq'
    #
    # The Expected frequencies are calculated on the (false) assumption that every
    # word has equal frequency.
    #
    # The input sequences are:
    #	HSFAU

    Word size	3
    Total count	516

    #
    # Word	Obs Count	Obs Frequency	Exp Frequency	Obs/Exp Frequency
    #
    AAA	17		0.0329457	0.0156250	2.1085271
    AAC	5		0.0096899	0.0156250	0.6201550
    AAG	18		0.0348837	0.0156250	2.2325581
    AAT	4		0.0077519	0.0156250	0.4961240
    ACA	5		0.0096899	0.0156250	0.6201550
    ACC	6		0.0116279	0.0156250	0.7441860
    ACG	2		0.0038760	0.0156250	0.2480620
    ACT	7		0.0135659	0.0156250	0.8682171
    AGA	12		0.0232558	0.0156250	1.4883721
    AGC	7		0.0135659	0.0156250	0.8682171
    AGG	16		0.0310078	0.0156250	1.9844961
    AGT	10		0.0193798	0.0156250	1.2403101
    ATA	2		0.0038760	0.0156250	0.2480620
    ATC	3		0.0058140	0.0156250	0.3720930
    ATG	7		0.0135659	0.0156250	0.8682171
    ATT	2		0.0038760	0.0156250	0.2480620
    CAA	10		0.0193798	0.0156250	1.2403101
    CAC	6		0.0116279	0.0156250	0.7441860
    CAG	13		0.0251938	0.0156250	1.6124031
    CAT	5		0.0096899	0.0156250	0.6201550
    CCA	12		0.0232558	0.0156250	1.4883721
    CCC	13		0.0251938	0.0156250	1.6124031
    CCG	8		0.0155039	0.0156250	0.9922481
    CCT	10		0.0193798	0.0156250	1.2403101
    CGA	2		0.0038760	0.0156250	0.2480620
    CGC	10		0.0193798	0.0156250	1.2403101
    CGG	9		0.0174419	0.0156250	1.1162791
    CGT	4		0.0077519	0.0156250	0.4961240
    CTA	5		0.0096899	0.0156250	0.6201550
    CTC	11		0.0213178	0.0156250	1.3643411
    CTG	10		0.0193798	0.0156250	1.2403101
    CTT	11		0.0213178	0.0156250	1.3643411
    GAA	11		0.0213178	0.0156250	1.3643411
    GAC	6		0.0116279	0.0156250	0.7441860
    GAG	10		0.0193798	0.0156250	1.2403101
    GAT	4		0.0077519	0.0156250	0.4961240
    GCA	7		0.0135659	0.0156250	0.8682171
    GCC	18		0.0348837	0.0156250	2.2325581
    GCG	8		0.0155039	0.0156250	0.9922481
    GCT	10		0.0193798	0.0156250	1.2403101
    GGA	13		0.0251938	0.0156250	1.6124031
    GGC	17		0.0329457	0.0156250	2.1085271
    GGG	7		0.0135659	0.0156250	0.8682171
    GGT	9		0.0174419	0.0156250	1.1162791
    GTA	6		0.0116279	0.0156250	0.7441860
    GTC	9		0.0174419	0.0156250	1.1162791
    GTG	8		0.0155039	0.0156250	0.9922481
    GTT	5		0.0096899	0.0156250	0.6201550
    TAA	7		0.0135659	0.0156250	0.8682171
    TAC	3		0.0058140	0.0156250	0.3720930
    TAG	4		0.0077519	0.0156250	0.4961240
    TAT	1		0.0019380	0.0156250	0.1240310
    TCA	10		0.0193798	0.0156250	1.2403101
    TCC	6		0.0116279	0.0156250	0.7441860
    TCG	7		0.0135659	0.0156250	0.8682171
    TCT	10		0.0193798	0.0156250	1.2403101
    TGA	4		0.0077519	0.0156250	0.4961240
    TGC	9		0.0174419	0.0156250	1.1162791
    TGG	14		0.0271318	0.0156250	1.7364341
    TGT	5		0.0096899	0.0156250	0.6201550
    TTA	2		0.0038760	0.0156250	0.2480620
    TTC	10		0.0193798	0.0156250	1.2403101
    TTG	7		0.0135659	0.0156250	0.8682171
    TTT	7		0.0135659	0.0156250	0.8682171

    Other	0		0.0000000	0.0000000	10000000000.0000000

## Output file format

The output format consists of:

Header information and comments are preceeded by a '#' character at the start of the line.

The Word size and the Total count are then given on separate lines,

The headers of the columns of results are preceeded by a '#'

The results columns are: the sub-sequence word, the observed frequency, the expected frequency (which will be read from the input file if one is given, else it is a simple inverse of the number of words of the size specified that can be constructed), the ratio of the observed to expected frequency.

After a blank line at the end, the results of 'Other' words is given - this is the number of words with a sequence which has IUPAC ambiguity codes or other unusual characters in.

### Output files for usage example

### File: result3.comp

    #
    # Output from 'compseq'
    #
    # The Expected frequencies are calculated on the (false) assumption that every
    # word has equal frequency.
    #
    # The input sequences are:
    #	HSFAU

    Word size	2
    Total count	517

    #
    # Word	Obs Count	Obs Frequency	Exp Frequency	Obs/Exp Frequency
    #
    AA	45		0.0870406	0.0625000	1.3926499
    AC	20		0.0386847	0.0625000	0.6189555
    AG	45		0.0870406	0.0625000	1.3926499
    AT	14		0.0270793	0.0625000	0.4332689
    CA	34		0.0657640	0.0625000	1.0522244
    CC	43		0.0831721	0.0625000	1.3307544
    CG	25		0.0483559	0.0625000	0.7736944
    CT	37		0.0715667	0.0625000	1.1450677
    GA	31		0.0599613	0.0625000	0.9593810
    GC	43		0.0831721	0.0625000	1.3307544
    GG	46		0.0889749	0.0625000	1.4235977
    GT	28		0.0541586	0.0625000	0.8665377
    TA	15		0.0290135	0.0625000	0.4642166
    TC	33		0.0638298	0.0625000	1.0212766
    TG	32		0.0618956	0.0625000	0.9903288
    TT	26		0.0502901	0.0625000	0.8046422

    Other	0		0.0000000	0.0000000	10000000000.0000000

### Output files for usage example 2

### File: result6.comp

    #
    # Output from 'compseq'
    #
    # Words with a frequency of zero are not reported.
    # The Expected frequencies are calculated on the (false) assumption that every
    # word has equal frequency.
    #
    # The input sequences are:
    #	HSFAU

    Word size	6
    Total count	513

    #
    # Word	Obs Count	Obs Frequency	Exp Frequency	Obs/Exp Frequency
    #
    AAAAAA	6		0.0116959	0.0002441	47.9064327
    AAAAAG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAAAGC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAAAGT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAACAG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAACGG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAAGCC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAAGTG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAAGTT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AACAGG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AACCGG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AACGGT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AACGTT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AACTCT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAGAAG	6		0.0116959	0.0002441	47.9064327
    AAGACA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAGATC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAGCCA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAGCGG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAGGCT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAGGGC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAGGTG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAGTAG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAGTCG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAGTCT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAGTGA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AAGTTC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AATAAA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AATATG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AATGCC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    AATTCT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    ACAACC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    ACACAC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055

      [Part of this file has been deleted for brevity]

    TGAGGC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGCAGC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGCAGT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGCCAA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGCCCA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGCCCC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGCGGG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGCTCC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGCTGG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGCTTG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGGAAA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGGAAG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGGAGG	4		0.0077973	0.0002441	31.9376218
    TGGCAA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGGCAG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGGCCA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGGCCC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGGCTT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGGGAC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGGGCC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGGTTC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGTAAT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGTAGC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGTCAA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGTCCG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TGTGCC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTAAGT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTAGTT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTCAGT	2		0.0038986	0.0002441	15.9688109
    TTCATG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTCCCT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTCCTC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTCGAG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTCGCG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTCTCG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTCTCT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTCTGG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTGCCC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTGGAG	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTGGCA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTGTAA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTGTCA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTGTCC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTGTGC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTTCTC	2		0.0038986	0.0002441	15.9688109
    TTTGGC	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTTGTA	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055
    TTTGTC	2		0.0038986	0.0002441	15.9688109
    TTTTGT	1		0.0019493	0.0002441	7.9844055

    Other	0		0.0000000	0.0000000	10000000000.0000000

### Output files for usage example 3

### File: result3.comp

    #
    # Output from 'compseq'
    #
    # Only words in frame 2 will be counted.
    # The Expected frequencies are taken from the file: ../../data/prev.comp
    #
    # The input sequences are:
    #	HSFAU

    Word size	3
    Total count	172

    #
    # Word	Obs Count	Obs Frequency	Exp Frequency	Obs/Exp Frequency
    #
    AAA	7		0.0406977	0.0329457	1.2352955
    AAC	3		0.0174419	0.0096899	1.8000042
    AAG	11		0.0639535	0.0348837	1.8333344
    AAT	3		0.0174419	0.0077519	2.2500110
    ACA	1		0.0058140	0.0096899	0.6000014
    ACC	4		0.0232558	0.0116279	2.0000012
    ACG	1		0.0058140	0.0038760	1.4999880
    ACT	3		0.0174419	0.0135659	1.2857135
    AGA	1		0.0058140	0.0232558	0.2500002
    AGC	2		0.0116279	0.0135659	0.8571423
    AGG	0		0.0000000	0.0310078	0.0000000
    AGT	0		0.0000000	0.0193798	0.0000000
    ATA	0		0.0000000	0.0038760	0.0000000
    ATC	1		0.0058140	0.0058140	0.9999920
    ATG	3		0.0174419	0.0135659	1.2857135
    ATT	1		0.0058140	0.0038760	1.4999880
    CAA	1		0.0058140	0.0193798	0.3000007
    CAC	2		0.0116279	0.0116279	1.0000006
    CAG	9		0.0523256	0.0251938	2.0769229
    CAT	3		0.0174419	0.0096899	1.8000042
    CCA	0		0.0000000	0.0232558	0.0000000
    CCC	3		0.0174419	0.0251938	0.6923076
    CCG	1		0.0058140	0.0155039	0.3749994
    CCT	2		0.0116279	0.0193798	0.6000014
    CGA	1		0.0058140	0.0038760	1.4999880
    CGC	5		0.0290698	0.0193798	1.5000035
    CGG	4		0.0232558	0.0174419	1.3333303
    CGT	2		0.0116279	0.0077519	1.5000074
    CTA	1		0.0058140	0.0096899	0.6000014
    CTC	4		0.0232558	0.0213178	1.0909106
    CTG	7		0.0406977	0.0193798	2.1000049
    CTT	3		0.0174419	0.0213178	0.8181829
    GAA	3		0.0174419	0.0213178	0.8181829
    GAC	1		0.0058140	0.0116279	0.5000003
    GAG	7		0.0406977	0.0193798	2.1000049
    GAT	2		0.0116279	0.0077519	1.5000074
    GCA	2		0.0116279	0.0135659	0.8571423
    GCC	10		0.0581395	0.0348837	1.6666677
    GCG	1		0.0058140	0.0155039	0.3749994
    GCT	3		0.0174419	0.0193798	0.9000021
    GGA	2		0.0116279	0.0251938	0.4615384
    GGC	8		0.0465116	0.0329457	1.4117663
    GGG	1		0.0058140	0.0135659	0.4285712
    GGT	5		0.0290698	0.0174419	1.6666629
    GTA	2		0.0116279	0.0116279	1.0000006
    GTC	6		0.0348837	0.0174419	1.9999955
    GTG	6		0.0348837	0.0155039	2.2499965
    GTT	3		0.0174419	0.0096899	1.8000042
    TAA	3		0.0174419	0.0135659	1.2857135
    TAC	1		0.0058140	0.0058140	0.9999920
    TAG	0		0.0000000	0.0077519	0.0000000
    TAT	0		0.0000000	0.0019380	0.0000000
    TCA	3		0.0174419	0.0193798	0.9000021
    TCC	1		0.0058140	0.0116279	0.5000003
    TCG	0		0.0000000	0.0135659	0.0000000
    TCT	3		0.0174419	0.0193798	0.9000021
    TGA	0		0.0000000	0.0077519	0.0000000
    TGC	1		0.0058140	0.0174419	0.3333326
    TGG	1		0.0058140	0.0271318	0.2142856
    TGT	1		0.0058140	0.0096899	0.6000014
    TTA	1		0.0058140	0.0038760	1.4999880
    TTC	1		0.0058140	0.0193798	0.3000007
    TTG	0		0.0000000	0.0135659	0.0000000
    TTT	5		0.0290698	0.0135659	2.1428558

    Other	0		0.0000000	0.0000000	10000000000.0000000

## Data files

The input data file is not required.

The input data file format is exactly the same as the output file format.

It expects to read in a previous output file of this program. An error is produced if the word size of the current compseq job and that of the output file being read in are different.

## Notes

The results are held in an array in memory before being written to a file. For large values of wordsize, you may run out of memory.

You can produce very large output files if you choose large values of wordsize.

## References

None.

## Warnings

If you use large word-sizes (over about 7 for nucleic, 5 for protein) you will use huge amounts of memory.

## Diagnostic Error Messages

"The word size is too large for the data structure available."
  You chose a word size that cannot be stored by the program.
"Insufficient memory - aborting."
  You do not have enough memory - use a machine with more memory.
"The word size you are counting (n) is different to the word size in the file of expected frequencies (n)."
  You chose different word sizes in the run of compseq that produced your results file used to display the expected word frequencies to the word size used in this run of compseq.
"The 'Word size' line was not found, instead found:"
  You appear to be trying to read a corrupted compseq results file

## Exit status

It always exits with status 0 unless one of the above error conditions is found

## Known bugs

This program can use a large amount of memory is you specify a large word size (7 or above). This may impact the behaviour of other programs on your machine.

If you run out of memory, you may see the program crash with a generic error message that will be specific to your machine's operating system, but will probably be a warning about writing to memory that the program does not own (eg "Segmentation fault" on a Solaris machine)

This is not a bug, it is a feature of the way this program grabs large amounts of memory.

## See also

Program name | Description
--- | ---
backtranseq | Back translate a protein sequence
banana | Bending and curvature plot in B-DNA
btwisted | Calculates the twisting in a B-DNA sequence
chaos | Create a chaos game representation plot for a sequence
charge | Protein charge plot
checktrans | Reports STOP codons and ORF statistics of a protein
dan | Calculates DNA RNA/DNA melting temperature
emowse | Protein identification by mass spectrometry
freak | Residue/base frequency table or plot
iep | Calculates the isoelectric point of a protein
isochore | Plots isochores in large DNA sequences
mwcontam | Shows molwts that match across a set of files
mwfilter | Filter noisy molwts from mass spec output
octanol | Displays protein hydropathy
pepinfo | Plots simple amino acid properties in parallel
pepstats | Protein statistics
pepwindow | Displays protein hydropathy
pepwindowall | Displays protein hydropathy of a set of sequences
sirna | Finds siRNA duplexes in mRNA
wordcount | Counts words of a specified size in a DNA sequence

## Author(s)

Gary Williams (gwilliam © rfcgr.mrc.ac.uk)
MRC Rosalind Franklin Centre for Genomics Research Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SB, UK

## History

Completed 2 March 2000
5 April 2001 (version 1.12.0) - the operation of the option '-reverse' has changed. It is now 'False' by default instead of being 'True' by default for nucleic sequences. Too many people were getting confused by the counts being done on both senses, so this is now done on only the forward sense by default.

## Target users

This program is intended to be used by everyone and everything, from naive users to embedded scripts.

## Comments

None