v.in.tig.lndmk(1)	      Grass User's Manual	     v.in.tig.lndmk(1)



NNAAMMEE
       vv..iinn..ttiigg..llnnddmmkk  - Create GRASS vector map from TIGER files
       _(_G_R_A_S_S _V_e_c_t_o_r _P_r_o_g_r_a_m_)

SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
       vv..iinn..ttiigg..llnnddmmkk	 vv..iinn..ttiigg..llnnddmmkk    hheellpp    vv..iinn..ttiigg..llnnddmmkk   tt11==TTIIGGEERR..11
       vv..iinn..ttiigg..llnnddmmkk [[--iiss]] tt11=_T_I_G_E_R___1 [tt22==_T_I_G_E_R___2] [tt77==_T_I_G_E_R___7]  [tt88==_T_I_G_E_R___8]
       [ttII==_T_I_G_E_R___I]    [ttPP==_T_I_G_E_R___P]   [iinnppuutt==_f_i_l_e]   [vveecctt==_n_a_m_e]   [ssiittee==_n_a_m_e]
       [zzoonnee==_v_a_l_u_e] [sspphheerrooiidd==_n_a_m_e]




DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
       This program creates a GRASS site or vector map	of  Census  "Landmark"
       features  in  the  current mapset (UTM or Lat-Long locations only) with
       labelled points,  areas	or  lines  constructed	from  the  TIGER  file
       records.   Each	point  or  area  Landmark  is  a  record in the Type 7
       TIGER/Line file for a county.


       The user may select the Landmark Features to include in the new map  by
       specifying  CFCC's (Census Feature Classification Code), or by specify-
       ing text string(s) to match  with  the  Landmark  Feature  Name	field.
       [Many  Landmark records do not have an entry in the Feature Name field,
       so use the string matching selection with care.]


       Point Landmarks are generated only from information in the Type 7 file.
       Area  Landmarks,  which	often  comprise  several individually labelled
       polygons, are generated from data in TIGER file Types 7, 8, I, P, 1 and
       2 (in order of use).


       When  making  "line"  maps, this program functions as a selection front
       end to the _v_._i_n_._t_i_g_._b_a_s_i_c
	program; see that programs documentation for the  information  on  how
       these line maps will be labelled.


       TIGER/Line files from multiple counties should not be mixed or concate-
       nated when using this program.


       The program should function well independent of the termination charac-
       ter(s)  at  the end of each line in the input files.  , , neither, one,
       or both are acceptable.	Different distribution media  apparently  have
       different record delimiting characters.



OOPPTTIIOONNSS
       PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS

       tt11==_n_a_m_e
	      Path/name of Type 1 Tiger File

       tt22==_n_a_m_e
	      Path/name of Type 2 Tiger File

       tt77==_n_a_m_e
	      Path/name of Type 7 Tiger File

       tt88==_n_a_m_e
	      Path/name of Type 8 Tiger File

       ttII==_n_a_m_e
	      Path/name of Type I Tiger File

       ttPP==_n_a_m_e
	      Path/name of Type P Tiger File

       iinnppuutt==_n_a_m_e
	      file path/name for input commands

       vveecctt==_n_a_m_e
	      Name of vector map to create

       ssiittee==_n_a_m_e
	      Name of site map to create

       zzoonnee==_v_a_l_u_e
	      UTM zone number; default is location zone

	      options: 1-60

	      default: 12

       sspphheerrooiidd==_k_e_y_w_o_r_d
	      Spheroid for LL to UTM conversion; see m.gc.ll

	      default: clark66



	FFllaaggss::

       --ii     Force interactive mode

       --ss     Input commands from stdin



       Notes: --ii flag implied if neither flag set and no iinnppuutt file specified.
       Omitted Tiger file names will be derived from the TIGER.1 name given by
       suitably changing the last character.



TTHHEE CCOOMMMMAANNDD MMOODDEE OOFF OOPPEERRAATTIIOONN
       Starting  _v_._i_n_._t_i_g_._l_n_d_m_k  with  the _-_s flag invokes the command mode of
       operation.  Commands are expected from _s_t_d_i_n, that is, the  a  terminal
       or a file redirected with '|' or '<'.  When using a terminal for input,
       the prompt lists the available commands thus:


       ..pp((ooiinnttss)) ..aa((rreeaass)) ..ll((iinneess)) ..cc((ooddee))lliisstt
       ..ss((ttrriinnggss)) ..mm((aattcchh))bbootthh ..ee((nndd)) ..eexx((iitt)) >>>>


       ""SSyynnttaaxx ffoorr tthhee ddoott ccoommmmaannddss""


       ..ppooiinnttss [[ssiittee__mmaapp]]

       lines containing requested CFCC Codes
	      (CFCC>> prompt will be given if input is from a terminal) ..eenndd


       ..aarreeaass [[vveecctt__mmaapp]]

       lines containing requested CFCC Codes
	      CFCC>> prompt will be given if input is from a terminal) ..eenndd


       ..lliinneess [[vveecctt__mmaapp]]

       lines containing requested CFCC Codes
	      (CFCC>> prompt will be given if input is from a terminal) ..eenndd


       ..ssttrriinnggss [[oouuttppuutt__ffiillee]]

       1 to 10 lines of 30 chars to match with Landmark names;
	      use '!' as first character to require exact case match;  (_S_t_r_i_n_g
	      _#_n_:  prompt  will  be  given  if	input is from a terminal) ..eenndd
	      ..mmaattcchhbbootthh [[nnoo]]


       ..ccooddeess [[PP||AA||LL[[==oouuttppuutt__ffiillee]]]]


       ..eexxiitt


       ""TThhee ddeettaaiillss ooff tthhee ddoott ccoommmmaannddss""


       Note:  Always use the ..ssttrriinnggss, ..mmaattcchhbbootthh and/or ..ccooddeess commands prior
       to creating a map with ..ppooiinnttss, ..aarreeaass or ..lliinneess.


       ..ppooiinnttss	mmaappnnaammee  begins  the  process of making a GRASS4.1 site map of
       point  locations.   This  site  map  name  takes  precedence  over  the
       site=name parameter that may be given on the command line.


       Specification of the CFCC's, if any, for the features you want included
       in the map should be done on the line(s) following ..ppooiinnttss  and	should
       conclude  with  a line containing ..eenndd, which begins the map generation
       process.  The CFCC's should be of the form Dnn (_e_._g_., D00;  D10	D85  |
       D23,  H12);  several  may be given on one line, separated by any common
       separator character.  Requested CFCC's may be abbreviated to D1	(mean-
       ing D10 through D19) or just D (meaning D00 through D99).


       If  matching  text  strings are desired (see _._s_t_r_i_n_g_s_'_f_R_)_, _t_h_e_y _m_u_s_t _b_e
       _s_p_e_c_i_f_i_e_d _p_r_i_o_r _t_o _t_h_e ..ppooiinnttss command.


       ..aarreeaass mmaappnnaammee begins the process of making a GRASS4.1  vector  map  of
       polygons  (areas).   This  vector  map  name  takes precedence over the
       vect=name parameter that may be given on the command line.   Specifica-
       tion  of  the CFCC's, if any, for the features you want included in the
       map should be done on the line(s) following ..aarreeaass and should  conclude
       with a line containing ..eenndd, which begins the map generation process.


       If  matching  text  strings are desired (see _._s_t_r_i_n_g_s_'_f_R_)_, _t_h_e_y _m_u_s_t _b_e
       _s_p_e_c_i_f_i_e_d _p_r_i_o_r _t_o _t_h_e ..aarreeaass command.


       ..lliinneess mmaappnnaammee begins the process of making a GRASS4.1  vector  map  of
       lines.	This  option  uses  only  the  Type  1	and 2 TIGER files.  It
       searches the Type 1 records for the specified CFCC's  and  matches  any
       specified text strings to the Feature Name (FENAME) field in the Type 1
       records.  Specification of the CFCC's, if any,  for  the  features  you
       want included in the map should be done on the line(s) following ..aarreeaass
       and should conclude with a line containing ..eenndd, which begins  the  map
       generation process.


       If  matching  text  strings are desired (see _._s_t_r_i_n_g_s_'_f_R_)_, _t_h_e_y _m_u_s_t _b_e
       _s_p_e_c_i_f_i_e_d _p_r_i_o_r _t_o _t_h_e ..lliinneess command.


       ..ccooddeess searches the Type 7 Landmark file and sends to stdout, or  to  a
       file  if  one specified, the CFCC and the Classification description of
       each CFCC present.  If a 'P' or 'A' is specified, both  the  point  and
       area  codes  present are listed.  'L' lists the CFCC codes contained in
       the Type 1 file.  The default type, if no type is  specified,  is  'P'.
       This command is provided as a useful aid to the user.


       ..ssttrriinnggss  records  up  to  10  following  lines	(until ".end") as text
       strings to match to the Landmark Feature  Name  Field  in  the  Type  7
       records	(Type  1  for making ".line" maps).  A match is made if any of
       the specfied strings is a _s_u_b_s_t_r_i_n_g of the Feature Name.  If exact case
       matching  is required, '!' should be the first character of the entered
       text strings.  Example:	The Feature Name "Walter Reed  Army  Hospital"
       would be matched by any of the following strings.
	 !Walt
	 hosp
	 Reed
	 army hosp
	 If  the  optional  filename  parameter is given, Type 7 records which
       match the specified strings are reported to that file,  otherwise  they
       are reported to stdout.


       ..mmaattcchhbbootthh  is used to specify that a Landmark record (or Type 1 record
       for ".lines") must match both one of the specified CFCC's  _a_n_d  one  of
       the specified text strings to be selected.  A match to _e_i_t_h_e_r condition
       is the default mode, and can be explicitly set or reset by the optional
       "no" parameter; _i_._e_., ..mmaattcchhbbootthh nnoo.


       ..eexxiitt is used to exit from the program.





TTHHEE IINNTTEERRAACCTTIIVVEE MMOODDEE OOFF OOPPEERRAATTIIOONN
       The following "VASK" menus will be encountered in using the interactive
       mode of this program.  Comments	following  each  menu  will  help  you
       decide how to answer the questions and create products.


       GRASS IMPORT FROM CENSUS LANDMARK FEATURE RECORDS


       STEP 1:	Select Type(s) of features to be extracted
	  There are Point and Area (polygon) Landmark feature types.
	    in the Landmark (Type 7) Records

	  There may also be some Line (vector) Landmark features
	    in the Basic Data (Type 1) Records

	  Mark one feature type you wish extracted:

			  Point   x
			  Area	  _
			  Line	  _

	  View CFCC Codes for selected type  x

	  or  Exit program  _

	      AFTER COMPLETING ALL ANSWERS, HIT <ESC> TO CONTINUE
			    (OR <Ctrl-C> TO CANCEL)
	Comments:  This is the "Main Menu."  You must select (by entering 'x')
       oonnee of the Point, Area or Line choices.	The viewing of the CFCC  codes
       is optional, but is usually done initially.


       The  following  screen  results from a request to View CFCC Codes after
       selecting Point features:
	    TIGER Type 7 file <tgr53037.f47>
	    examined.  15 unique CFCC codes found in 123 records.

	    Mark 'x' to see list on screen  _

	    Enter  file  name  (home  directory)  to   save   list   to   file
       ______________

	    AFTER COMPLETING ALL ANSWERS, HIT <ESC> TO CONTINUE
			   (OR <Ctrl-C> TO CANCEL)
	 Comments:  You may request to see the list on the screen, or have the
       list sent to a file in your home directory, or both.   If  you  request
       neither,  the  program  returns	to the Main Menu.  Both point and area
       landmarks are reported if either "Point" or "Area" was selected on  the
       Main  Menu.   If  "Line"  was  requested on the Main Menu, all the CFCC
       codes in the Type 1 (Basic Data Record) file will  be  tabulated  (this
       can  be	a useful product for other purposes); remember that the Type 1
       file is large and this processing may take a few minutes or more.


       The following is typical output of CFCC Codes:
       TIGER Type 7 file <tgr53037.f47>
       Number of Each Area Landmark CFCC
	    6 D00 Landmark Feature, Class Unknown or Not Elsewhere Classified
	    3 D10 Military installation
	    1 D28 Campground
	    1 D31 Hospital
	    5 D43 Educational institution
	    1 D81 Golf course
	    7 D82 Cemetery
	   14 D85 State or local park or forest
	    7 H00 Water Feature, Class Unknown or Not Elsewhere Classified
	    8 H11 Perennial stream
	    9 H30 Lake or pond
	   32 H31 Perennial lake or pond
	    1 H32 Intermittent lake or pond
       Total Area Records: 95

       Number of Each Point Landmark CFCC
	    1 D00 Landmark Feature, Class Unknown or Not Elsewhere Classified
	    5 D28 Campground
	    1 D31 Hospital
	   10 D43 Educational institution
	    4 D44 Religious institution
	    5 D71 Lookout tower
	    1 D81 Golf course
	    1 D82 Cemetery
       Total Point Records: 28
	After reviewing the list of available CFCC Codes, select "Point,  Area
       or  Line"  again  on the Main Menu and something like the following two
       menus will appear.  On the first one, select any number of  CFCC  Codes
       (categories) that you desire to be included in a new map.
	    LANDMARK FEATURE CATEGORY SELECTION MENU: POINT LANDMARKS
	    D00 _ Landmark Feature, Class Unknown or Not Elsewhere Classified

	    D28 x Campground
	    D31 _ Hospital
	    D43 _ Educational institution
	    D44 _ Religious institution
	    D71 _ Lookout tower
	    D81 _ Golf course
	    D82 _ Cemetery

	    Done: _  Start over: _

	     AFTER COMPLETING ALL ANSWERS, HIT <ESC> TO CONTINUE
			   (OR <Ctrl-C> TO CANCEL)
	Comments:  In this case "Point" was selected on the Main Menu, and the
       user has indicated that a GRASS site map of Campgrounds is to be  made.


       Now  you  have the opportunity to enter character strings which will be
       matched against the Feature Name field (in the Type  7  record  in  the
       case  of  "Point"  or  "Area" maps, and in the Type 1 record for "Line"
       maps).
	 Step 1C  Enter text(s) to match in finding Landmark Features.
		  (Use ! as first char to require exact case match.)

			   _______________________________
			   _______________________________
			   _______________________________
			   _______________________________
			   _______________________________
			   _______________________________
			   _______________________________
			   _______________________________
			   _______________________________
			   _______________________________

		  Check for any Landmark Records that match your
		  text strings before proceeding to next step?	_

		  File to save matches to (omit for screen display):
		 __________________________________________________

	       AFTER COMPLETING ALL ANSWERS, HIT <ESC> TO CONTINUE
		      (OR <Ctrl-C> TO ERASE AND START OVER)
	Comments:  See _._s_t_r_i_n_g_s discussion in the command line section of this
       manual  page  for  examples of what can be entered on the lines.  If no
       entries are made then no string matching to the Feature Name field will
       be done.



BBUUGGSS//RREESSTTRRIICCTTIIOONNSS
       Some  area features are included in the Type 7 (Landmark) file which do
       not fit the definition given of "Landmark" (CFCC's beginning with 'D'),
       as  a  mechanism  to  have  them included in the Tiger/Line data.  Many
       Hydrography area features fall in  this	category  for  some  counties.
       Also, there may be records in both the Type 1 and Type 7 files for some
       Landmark features, such as airports, and to make a complete airport map
       for a county both sets must be extracted.


       In  the	first  trials  of  this  program  is  was  discovered that the
       TIGER/Line files have several defects in topological completeness  when
       area  landmark  polygons are created.  These defects express themselves
       when v.support is run (automatically) to attach labels to the  polygons
       and  is	unable	to attach one or more label points.  Some editing with
       v.digit should be able to resolve these problems.


       CCaauuttiioonn:: This program will overwrite an existing vector map of the same
       name without warning.  Site_list maps will not be overwritten.


       Since this program opens many TIGER files at once, the set for a county
       must reside on a disk or CD-ROM, not tape.  Only file types 1, 2, 7, 8,
       I  and  P  are  used so only those would have to be copied from tape to
       disk.



SSEEEE AALLSSOO
	_v_._i_n_._t_i_g_._b_a_s_i_c
	is called automatically to produce the area and line maps.
	_v_._a_p_p_l_y_._c_e_n_s_u_s
	will generate polygon labels for Census tracts,  block	groups,  etc.,
       from STF1 or PL94-171 files.



AAUUTTHHOORR
       Dr.  James  Hinthorne,  GIS  Laboratory, Central Washington University,
       1992.

AAPPPPEENNDDIIXX
       ""LLiisstt ooff CCeennssuuss CCFFCCCC LLaannddmmaarrkk ''DD'' CCooddeess""
       [Extracted from file CODESTIG.ASC on TIGER distribution CD-ROM.]
	    CFCC    CLASSIFICATION D = LANDMARK FEATURES
	    D00     Landmark Feature, Classification Unknown or Not Elsewhere
		     Classified
	    D10     Military installation
	    D20     Multihousehold and transient quarters
	    D21     Apartment building or complex
	    D22     Rooming or boarding house
	    D23     Trailer court or mobile home park
	    D24     Marina
	    D25     Crew of vessel
	    D26     Housing facility for workers
	    D27     Hotel, motel, resort, spa, YMCA, or YWCA
	    D28     Campground
	    D29     Shelter or mission
	    D30     Custodial facility
	    D31     Hospital
	    D32     Halfway house
	    D33     Nursing home, retirement home, or home for the aged
	    D34     County home or poor farm
	    D35     Orphanage
	    D36     Jail or detention center
	    D37     Federal penitentiary, state prison, or prison farm
	    D40     Educational or religious institution
	    D41     Sorority or fraternity
	    D42     Convent or monastery
	    D43     Educational institution
	    D44     Religious institution
	    D50     Transportation terminal
	    D51     Airport or airfield
	    D52     Train station
	    D53     Bus terminal
	    D54     Marine terminal
	    D55     Seaplane anchorage
	    D60     Employment center
	    D61     Shopping center or major retail center
	    D62     Industrial building or industrial park
	    D63     Office building or office park
	    D64     Amusement center
	    D65     Government center
	    D66     Other employment center
	    D70     Tower
	    D71     Lookout tower
	    D80     Open space
	    D81     Golf course
	    D82     Cemetery
	    D83     National park or forest
	    D84     Other federal land
	    D85     State or local park or forest
	    D90     Special purpose landmark
	    D91     Post office box ZIP code


       _L_a_s_t _c_h_a_n_g_e_d_: _$_D_a_t_e_: _2_0_0_2_/_0_1_/_2_5 _0_5_:_4_5_:_3_5 _$



GRASS 5.0						     v.in.tig.lndmk(1)
