10. Contextual commands
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## 10. Contextual commands

The following macro swaps the character before the caret with the character after the caret. It is useful if, like everybody, you are a bit dyslexic.

      <command name="transposeChars">
        <macro>
          <sequence>
            <test expression="not($selected) and not($mark) and
                              $dotOffset &gt; 0 and
                              $dotOffset &lt; string-length($dot)"/>
            <command name="selectTo" parameter="previousChar" />
            <command name="cut" />
            <command name="moveDotTo" parameter="nextChar" />
            <command name="paste" parameter="into" />
          </sequence>
        </macro>
      </command>

The above macro uses basic commands selectTo, moveDotTo, cut and paste, but also XPath-based construct test.

As a pseudo-command of a macro, test can be executed only if its `expression` attribute evaluated as a boolean in the context specified by its `context` attribute returns true.

This construct like pass, fail and match, is only a test. When test is actually executed, it does nothing at all.

Test is used in the above macro to ensure that the macro can be executed only if:

- There is no node selection: `not($selected)`.

- There is no text selection: `not($mark)`.

- The caret is not before first character of a textual node: `$dotOffset > 0`.

- The caret is not after last character of a textual node: `$dotOffset < string-length($dot)`.

Like `selected` and `implicitElement` seen in previous examples, `mark`, `dot` and `dotOffset` are predefined variables mapped to the selection in XXE.

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